• The journal has published widely on bioethics, including issues such as stem cell research, assisted reproduction, cloning, assisted suicide, organ and tissue donation, the purported link between vaccines and autism, and informed consent. (wikipedia.org)
  • PERTINENT ISSUES: The morality of organ transplantation. (christianliferesources.com)
  • Improvement in transplantation procedures, beginning with the advent of immunosuppressive therapies in the early 1980s, has lead to more and more patients benefiting from organ transplantation. (scialert.net)
  • Even though each cadaveric organ donor can often supply multiple organs for transplantation, many patients still die before a suitable organ becomes available. (scialert.net)
  • These preparatory interregional and interdisciplinary meetings focused on the following areas: cloning and human reproductive health, biologicals, organ transplantation, research, and medical genetics. (who.int)
  • Organ transplantation including donation after cardiac death, ethics of listing decisions. (stanford.edu)
  • When I set out to write this article my first challenge was how to present the information in a concise, yet shocking enough to wake up people who still believe that cloning humans for organ harvesting, splicing animal and human genes and making food out of human DNA or tissue is just science fiction. (real-agenda.com)
  • In solid organ transplantation, donor derived immune cells are assumed to decline with time after surgery. (biorxiv.org)
  • Her discoveries have profound implications for the understanding and treating of autoimmune diseases, organ transplantation, and cancer. (ctcase.org)
  • organ and stem cell transplantation, and the convergence of humans and machines. (edu.au)
  • CMV infection is a significant complication after solid organ transplantation. (wustl.edu)
  • The motivation for using animal sources for organ or tissue transplantation is driven by supply and demand. (medscape.com)
  • According to the most current report from the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), more than 107,241 Americans were waiting for organ transplantation as of May 2010. (medscape.com)
  • Additionally, organs from animal sources could be transplanted into patients currently excluded from the human organ transplantation list. (medscape.com)
  • Alexis Carrel is known as the founding father of experimental organ transplantation because of his pioneering work with vascular techniques. (medscape.com)
  • 2. History of hematopoietic cell transplant or solid organ transplant or anticipated candidate for transplantation during the study. (who.int)
  • This phase I trial assessed the safety, efficacy, and immunologic responses to minor histocompatibility antigens following nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation as treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Eight patients received conditioning with fludarabine and low-dose total body irradiation followed by hematopoietic cell transplantation from an HLA-matched sibling donor. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation after nonmyeloablative conditioning with fludarabine/total body irradiation is feasible and may induce tumor regression or stabilization in some patients. (aacrjournals.org)
  • 5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)
  • However, there are a number of factors limiting the procurement of organs and accordingly, therapeutic cloning that perhaps can yield still better results needs to be considered as an alternative. (scialert.net)
  • If the cloned human organism is to be experimented upon and destroyed, the process is often called "therapeutic cloning. (cbc-network.org)
  • We are identifying new targets for these therapeutics, exploring pathways of resistance to current cell therapies and creating next generation platforms to overcome therapeutic resistance. (stanford.edu)
  • Kuldip S. Sidhu , " Frontiers in Pluripotent Stem Cells Research and Therapeutic Potentials Bench-to-Bedside ", Bentham Science Publishers (2012). (benthamscience.com)
  • Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can grow infinitely and give rise to all types of cells in human body, thus of tremendous therapeutic potentials for a variety of diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury, and diabetes. (benthamscience.com)
  • Under such circumstances, the idea of "therapeutic cloning" was proposed, indicating the generation of ESCs from SCNT embryos for therapeutic purpose. (benthamscience.com)
  • These anti-CD79 mAbs show therapeutic potential to induce reversible inhibition of BCR signaling and B cell function. (nationaljewish.org)
  • This technology exploits the unique qualities of the BCR to reversibly suppress signaling for therapeutic use in autoimmunity, cancer and transplantation. (nationaljewish.org)
  • What deserves greater attention, however, is therapeutic cloning, a (potential) cloning application considered far more important to the biomedical and scientific communities and one far more ethically challenging. (reasons.org)
  • 1] Therapeutic cloning, on the other hand, creates human embryos merely as a source of embryonic stem cells. (reasons.org)
  • Crudely put, therapeutic cloning looks to generate human embryos solely for the body parts they can provide. (reasons.org)
  • Finally, and inexorably, a true professional scientist poses clearly challenging questions to his research colleagues, and to the scientific enterprise in general, about the dubious "scientific" justification for the current rush to clone human beings - for both "therapeutic" and for "reproductive" purposes. (lifeissues.net)
  • But he is equally concerned about the unethical aspects inherent in the rush to perform " therapeutic " human cloning research, including the abuses to all vulnerable human patients who would be required to participate in clinical trials. (lifeissues.net)
  • Many scientists argue that therapeutic cloning of specific human cells are vital for finding the cures for diseases like Alzheimer's and diabetes. (westerncarolinian.com)
  • And now Washington joins the infamous list with Senate Bill 5594, a thoroughly disingenuous piece of legislation that purports to outlaw the cloning of human beings, but by manipulating language and redefining terms, actually permits human cloning and gestation of the resulting cloned embryos through the ninth month. (cbc-network.org)
  • Depending on the source, stem cells can be classified into two broad categories i.e. embryonic stem cells that are derived from embryos and non-embryonic stem cells that are derived from adult and fetal tissues. (benthamscience.com)
  • However, the derivation of human NT-ESCs goes with the destruction of clone embryos, leading to fierce ethical disputes. (benthamscience.com)
  • Photographs of (a) the procedure of somatic cell transfer (shown with the arrow) into the perivitelline space of an enucleated oocyte, (b) cloned bovine embryos used for transplantation to recipient animals, and (c) cloned calf (obtained in Russia for the first time). (isaaa.org)
  • Tragically, however, in order to harvest stem cells from human embryos, the embryos must be destroyed. (reasons.org)
  • This means that hundreds of human embryos would die to achieve a single live human clone birth. (reasons.org)
  • The recent desperation to clone human embryos may be seriously undermining accepted ethical principles of medical research, with potentially profound wider consequences. (lifeissues.net)
  • Embryonic stem cells can be derived legally from surplus embryos donated following IVF treatment. (eurostemcell.org)
  • 24,25 Current well-established treatment modalities focus on reducing the androgenic effects on hair follicles (5a-reductase inhibitors), stimulating hair growth (minoxidil), or transferring androgen-independent hair to the affected scalp (hair transplantation). (jcadonline.com)
  • Before the announcement in February 1997 of the cloning of a sheep by somatic cell nuclear transfer, existing legislation in a number of countries already precluded human cloning for reproductive purposes, sometimes implicitly. (who.int)
  • The primary cloning technique is called "somatic cell nuclear transfer" (SCNT). (cbc-network.org)
  • It is the policy of Washington state that research involving the derivation and use of human embryonic stem cells, human embryonic germ cells, and human adult stem cells from any source, including somatic cell nuclear transplantation , is permitted upon full consideration of the ethical and medical implications of this research. (cbc-network.org)
  • The team led by Galina Singina at the Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry managed to clone the calf using somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), with embryonic fibroblasts as donors of nuclei. (isaaa.org)
  • Some lawmakers agree and have introduced a bill that would ban any efforts to produce human clones but would permit somatic cell nuclear transplantation, the type of cloning used in the creation of Dolly in Scotland. (westerncarolinian.com)
  • hEPCs have been used for cell-based therapies due to their capacity to contribute in the re-endothelialization of injured blood vessels and neovascularization in ischemic tissues. (intechopen.com)
  • Mouse nuclear transfer embryonic stem cells (NT-ESCs) were first established in 2000, and then proved to be able to differentiate either in vivo or in vitro, and give rise to individual tissues through germ line transmission or tetraploid complementation. (benthamscience.com)
  • Recently, MSCs isolated from bone marrow (bmMSCs) were shown to be a blend of distinct cells and MSCs isolated from different tissues show besides some common features also some significant differences. (hindawi.com)
  • Some in the biomedical community hope to develop techniques to generate replacement tissues from these embryonic stem cells. (reasons.org)
  • One such approach, called "xenotransplantation" (the transplantation of living cells, tissues, and organs from one species to another species), turns to pigs as a source of organs for human transplants. (reasons.org)
  • The reproductive cloning of people is prohibited, including that for the purposes of donating organs, tissues and cells. (eurostemcell.org)
  • The Law on Transplantation of Organs, Tissues, and Cells (promulgated SG No. 83/19 September 2003, into force 1 January 2004) regulates the use, collection and storage (including biobanks) of all cells, organs and human tissue in Bulgaria. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Law on the Transplantation of Organs, Tissues and Cells (Promulgated in the State Gazette, issue No. 83/19 September 2003, entered into force on 1 January 2004), at http://bgtransplant.bg/iat/docs/Law%20on%20transplantation.doc (Word download), accessed 10 October 2011. (eurostemcell.org)
  • In mammals, physiological Wnt signaling is intimately involved with the biology of adult stem cells and self-renewing tissues (18,19). (hubrecht.eu)
  • These epithelial organoid cultures are genetically and phenotypically extremely stable, allowing transplantation of the cultured offspring of a single stem cell, as well as disease modeling by growing organoids directly from diseased patient tissues (32, 47, 53). (hubrecht.eu)
  • It has been found that some of the SVF cell types possess regenerative and anti-inflammatory potentials in damaged tissues due to their ability to secrete growth factors and anti-inflammatory molecules. (jcadonline.com)
  • IDO1 is widely expressed in a variety of human tissues as well as in macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). (thermofisher.com)
  • Xenotransplantation involves the transplantation of nonhuman tissues or organs into human recipients. (medscape.com)
  • Inspired from developmental processes, human mesenchymal cell lines can be programmed to form cartilage, bone and bone marrow tissues in vitro and in vivo. (lu.se)
  • Long-term clonal culturing of organoids from Lgr5 stem cells. (hubrecht.eu)
  • We observed CD8 T cell inflation but no changes in clonal diversity, indicating homeostatic stability in clones. (wustl.edu)
  • Temporal changes in clonality in response to transplantation and in the absence of detectable viral reactivation suggest changes in the repertoire immediately after transplantation followed by an expansion with stable clonal competition that may mediate protection. (wustl.edu)
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) disease. (medscape.com)
  • A clone is an organism that is a genetic copy of an existing one. (who.int)
  • 2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)
  • Some, however, consider that reproductive cloning could be acceptable in certain cases, such as otherwise untreatable infertility, or to avoid inherited genetic diseases. (who.int)
  • British embryologist Sir Ian Wilmut, best known for his work in the field of animal genetic engineering and the successful cloning of sheep, was born 7 July 1944 in Hampton Lucy, England. (asu.edu)
  • My question regarding genetic engineering deregulation was then: What would happen if scientists who are provided with unlimited money and resources have no legal liability to realize their experiments cloning humans and literally engineering new species? (real-agenda.com)
  • If you cannot or do not want to get into the heavy research, I am about to give you a detailed report on the state of genetic engineering, human-animal cloning and gene splicing. (real-agenda.com)
  • The researchers then used these cells as the source of genetic material to clone pigs with organs that lacked the sugar groups responsible for HAR. (reasons.org)
  • 1. The use of sera and monoclonal antibodies has permitted the serological definition of three polymorphic genetic loci HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C, which encode the 45kDa heavy chains of the classical class I transplantation antigens. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Through the cloning of Dolly, we learned that the cell nucleus contains all the genetic information needed for the cell to develop into any type of cell. (lu.se)
  • The common denominator in the disease, a biochemical defect, appears to be a genetic mutation leading to the inability to synthesize the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that binds these proteins to cell membranes. (medscape.com)
  • WHA50.37 of 1997 argues that human cloning is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)
  • the transplantation law was passed in 1997 (Kleidienst et al . (scialert.net)
  • Since the birth of Dolly in February of 1997, the idea of cloning has been in the minds of people all over the world. (westerncarolinian.com)
  • This approach affords an efficient and rapid means of re-introducing genetically modified tissue into intact organisms and provides a system whereby the expression and regulation of cloned genes can be followed within the context of a well characterized developmental programme. (nature.com)
  • cloning and splicing genes is not its existence, but the results of this unregulated practice. (real-agenda.com)
  • Recipient origin T cells expressed cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory genes consistent with an effector cell phenotype whereas donor origin T cells are likely quiescent expressing oxidative phosphorylation genes relative to recipient T cells. (biorxiv.org)
  • Amongst the intestinal Wnt target genes (13), we found the Gpr49/Lgr5 gene to be unique in that it marks small cycling cells at crypt bottoms. (hubrecht.eu)
  • Two other Wnt target genes, RNF43 and ZNRF3, encode stem cell-specific E3 ligases that downregulate Wnt receptors in a negative feedback loop (35). (hubrecht.eu)
  • It reports on implementation of resolution WHA50.37 concerning ethical, scientific and social implications of cloning in human health. (who.int)
  • Resolution WHA50.37 requested the Director-General to clarify the potential applications of cloning procedures in human health and their ethical, scientific and social implications. (who.int)
  • In terms of existing ethical guidelines for biomedical research involving human subjects, human cloning for reproductive purposes raises concerns about risk in relation to benefit, informed consent, and accountability. (who.int)
  • Clonaid's claim to have produced the first human clones propelled the ethical debate about human cloning to the headlines last December. (reasons.org)
  • When People Say: "Embryonic stem cell research is. (christianliferesources.com)
  • The bill purports to promote stem-cell research, while outlawing the cloning of a human being. (cbc-network.org)
  • While stem-cell research holds enormous potential for treating or even curing some diseases, the cloning of a human being is morally and ethically unacceptable…Any attempt to clone a human being is in direct conflict with the public policies of this state. (cbc-network.org)
  • Selective hematopoietic stem cell ablation using CD117-antibody-drug-conjugates enables safe and effective transplantation with immunity preservation. (atsbio.com)
  • Objective: To investigate a safe and effective method for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. (atsbio.com)
  • Stem cell research and cloning, and egg procurement. (stanford.edu)
  • The only potentially curative option for MDS is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, until recently associated with a relatively high risk for transplant-related mortality and relapse. (aamds.org)
  • Overview of studies published regarding MSCs using the term "stem cell" or "stromal cell" in the last 20 years accessed by a web search in July 2015 (Google Scholar). (hindawi.com)
  • It seems that the term "stem cell" became more popular although the "stemness" was only shown in a more strict sense for MSCs involved in osteogenesis and bone repair. (hindawi.com)
  • When the biological properties of MSCs were explored in more detail, questions arose whether these cells met the criterion of a true stem cell [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • To qualify as a stem cell, these cells must be able to self-renew, most likely by symmetric cell division to produce two daughter cells with the same stem cell qualities. (hindawi.com)
  • Overview on self-renewal or differentiation of stem cells in their respective stem cell niche. (hindawi.com)
  • MSCs were also investigated for stem cell qualities in vivo. (hindawi.com)
  • Right now, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the foremost dependable healing treatment with amazing comes about for patients with HLAmatched family or disconnected givers. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Stem cell biologist, bestselling author of The Biology of Belief and recipient of the 2009 Goi Peace Award, he has been a guest speaker on hundreds of TV and radio shows, as well as keynote presenter for national and international conferences. (newsforthesoul.com)
  • National Institutes of Health (NIH) Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Bone Marrow Transplantation and Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation: Questions and Answers about these Adult/NONembryonic Stem Cells Key Points Hematopoietic or blood-forming stem cells are. (physiciansforlife.org)
  • Together, both IST and stem cell transplantation are reasonable treatment options for patients with AA. (springermedizin.at)
  • According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, one of the top ten issues that will come before state legislatures this year (2006) relates to rights of conscience in the biomedical field - stem cell experimentation and research. (consciencelaws.org)
  • Last year, states considered more than 170 bills on embryonic and adult stem cell research. (consciencelaws.org)
  • Should embryonic stem cell research be legal? (consciencelaws.org)
  • Should the state fund adult stem cell research instead? (consciencelaws.org)
  • Human embryonic stem cell research and the derivation of human embryonic stem cell lines is not directly regulated by Bulgarian legislation, but falls partially within the scope of the Bulgarian Health Act (promulgated SG No. 70/10 August 2004, into force from 1 January 2005). (eurostemcell.org)
  • We were the first to link Wnt signaling with adult stem cell biology, when we showed that TCF4 gene disruption leads to the abolition of crypts of the small intestine (8), and that TCF1 gene knockout severely disables the stem cell compartment of the thymus (2). (hubrecht.eu)
  • These cells represent the epithelial stem cells of the small intestine and colon (23), the hair follicle (24), the stomach (28) and many other tissue stem cell types. (hubrecht.eu)
  • The Wnt target gene encoding the transcription factor Achaete scute-like 2 controls intestinal stem cell state (26). (hubrecht.eu)
  • In this study, we targeted Olig2, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that plays an important role in motoneuron and oligodendrocyte development, in human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line BG01 by homologous recombination. (ca.gov)
  • Stem cell transplantation can cure the disease. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This is a tool to help students find the right project for their Bachelor's and Master's thesis at Lund Stem Cell Center. (lu.se)
  • The authors address specific and highly contested issues as assisted suicide, stem cell research, cloning, reproductive health, and alternative medicine as well as more general questions such as who legitimately speaks for religion in public bioethics, what religion can add to our understanding of justice, and the value of faith-based contributions to healthcare. (lu.se)
  • The "stem cell theory of cancer" states that a subpopulation of cells with stem cell-like properties plays a central role in the formation, sustainment, spread, and drug resistant characteristics of malignant tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Recent studies have isolated distinct cell populations from infantile hemangiomas that display properties equivalent to aberrant progenitor cells, suggesting that, in addition to malignant tumors, benign tumors may also contain a stem cell-like component. (medscape.com)
  • These findings provide supporting evidence that enrichment for proteins involved in pluripotency is not restricted solely to malignant tumors as is suggested by the "stem cell theory of cancer", but additionally extends to common benign vascular tumors such as hemangiomas. (medscape.com)
  • Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) was previously classified as purely an acquired hemolytic anemia due to a hematopoietic stem cell mutation defect. (medscape.com)
  • Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center bone marrow transplantation program, in partnership with the Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (SCCA), is the largest program in the world. (dnatube.com)
  • The prognosis of some patients with infantile osteopetrosis can markedly change after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). (medscape.com)
  • To understand the etiology of osteopetrosis, it is very essential to understand the bone-remodeling cycle and the cell biology of osteoclasts. (medscape.com)
  • In 1999, Baron clearly and concisely reviewed the cell biology of the bone remodeling. (medscape.com)
  • 2 MSCs were first described in the bone marrow where they constitute a small fraction of cells (0.001%-0.01%) that closely interact with haematopoietic cells to support haematopoiesis and skeletal homeostasis. (bmj.com)
  • Human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) are adult stem cells, located in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. (intechopen.com)
  • Today, more than 50 years after the first successful bone marrow transplantation, clinical application of hematopoietic stem cells is a routine procedure, saving the lives of many every day. (hindawi.com)
  • However, transplanting other than hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is still limited to a few applications, and it mainly applies to mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from bone marrow. (hindawi.com)
  • The MSCs have been described for the first time as colony forming fibroblasts (CFU-F), a rare population of cells residing in the bone marrow of guinea-pigs or mice [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Nowadays, experts agree that MSCs may generate upon appropriate stimulation quite different mature cells including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, tenocytes, adipocytes, smooth muscle cells, and stromal cells of the bone marrow [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Understanding heterogeneity of human bone marrow plasma cell maturation and survival pathways by single-cell analyses. (immunetolerance.org)
  • An infectious retrovirus vector has been used to transfer a bacterial gene encoding resistance to the neomycin analogue G418 into pluripotent haematopoietic stem cells present in explanted murine bone marrow tissue. (nature.com)
  • Hematopoietic stem cells in mammals are known to reside mostly in the bone marrow, but also transitively passage in small numbers in the blood. (uzh.ch)
  • 6,7 Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have also been isolated from other sources, such as bone marrow, 8 the placenta, 9 muscle, 10 or blood. (jcadonline.com)
  • Myelodysplastic syndrome refers to a group of related disorders in which abnormal blood-forming cells develop in the bone marrow. (msdmanuals.com)
  • White blood cells develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In myelodysplastic syndromes, a line of identical cells (clone) develops and occupies the bone marrow. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Bone Marrow Examination Red blood cells, most white blood cells, and platelets are produced in the bone marrow, the soft fatty tissue inside bone cavities. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Subsequent transplantation of the cells into lethally irradiated mice results in engraftment of the animals with donor haematopoietic tissue containing the bacterial gene. (nature.com)
  • 3] An international research team genetically engineered pig cells that lacked a functional form of the gene that codes for a key enzyme involved in the production of the cell surface sugars that cause HAR. (reasons.org)
  • The Tcf4-driven target gene program in colorectal cancer cells is the malignant counterpart of a physiological gene program in selfrenewing crypts (13, 14). (hubrecht.eu)
  • Patients were monitored for donor engraftment of myeloid and lymphoid cells, for clinical response by serial imaging, and for immunologic response by in vitro isolation of donor-derived CD8 + CTLs recognizing recipient minor histocompatibility (H) antigens. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In vitro cell culture and animal studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have the capacity to modify immune responses and to enhance tissue repair. (bmj.com)
  • In this review, we discuss the rationale for MSC-based cell therapy in COPD, the main findings from in vitro and in vivo preclinical COPD model studies, clinical trials in patients with COPD and directions for further research. (bmj.com)
  • Expansion of MSCs was shown to be limited to a few passages of in vitro culture and the cells underwent replicative senescence [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Changes in the differentiation potential of MSCs after in vitro expansion were noted and chondrogenic clones especially disappeared early on [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, available in vitro protocols for expansion of MSCs do not yield true stem cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Lgr5 resides in Wnt receptor complexes and mediates signaling of the Wnt-agonistic R-spondins (31), explaining the unique dependence of Lgr5 stem cells on secreted R-spondins in vivo and in vitro. (hubrecht.eu)
  • The adoptive transfer, in vivo, of in-vitro-sensitized cells, from B6AF 1 anti B10.BR or from C57BL/6 anti DBA/2 cultures, and expanded eight-fold to ten-fold for one week in lectinfree interleukin 2 (LF-IL-2) were able to mediate specific skin allograft rejection. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • These same cells lost the ability to mediate accelerated skin graft rejection when they were expanded more than 100-fold during three weeks of culture in LF-IL-2 even though these cultures mediated high levels of specific in vitro cytotoxicity for the appropriate allosensitizing cells. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • When Lyt-2 + cells were depleted using monoclonal antibodies and complement prior to in vitro sensitization and expansion in LFIL-2, these cells lines retained the ability to mediate skin allograft rejection in vivo when expanded more than 100-fold for three culture generations in vitro. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • These latter lines were greatly enriched for Lyt-1 + 2 − cells and had little or no cytolytic activity, but they retained specific in vitro proliferative responses to the sensitizing alloantigen. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • These studies demonstrate that skin allograft rejection can be mediated by Lyt-1 + 2 − cell lines with specific in vitro proliferative activity to alloantigen although Lyt-1 − 2 + cell lines with cytolytic but not proliferative activity to alloantigen in vitro are ineffective in mediating graft rejection in vivo. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Specific proliferative activity and no cytolysis appears to be a good in vitro correlate of the in vivo activity of long-term cultured cell lines. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • This project will delve into innate immune cell function, establishing in vitro and in vivo systems test innate immune cell function in regeneration. (lu.se)
  • Células cultivadas in vitro procedentes de tejido neoplásico que se utilizan en el estudio de las capacidades metabólicas y proliferativas de las células tumorales, en el pronóstico de las respuestas clínicas a la quimioterapia, en la detección de nuevos agentes antitumorales y en las investigaciones biológicas básicas. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. (bvsalud.org)
  • 1999). Majority of the organs for transplantation are donated from patients in whom brain-stem death has been diagnosed and who are then ventilated to maintain adequate oxygenation and circulation-the so called non-heart-beating donors (NHBDs) (D Allessandro et al . (scialert.net)
  • Her work was fundamental to the understanding of tertiary lymphoid organs, accumulations of lymphoid cells that are damaging in autoimmunity, but can be key to defense against microorganisms and tumors. (ctcase.org)
  • The Organoid group, previously Clevers group, studies the molecular mechanisms of tissue development and cancer of various organs using organoids made from adult Lgr5 stem cells. (hubrecht.eu)
  • In light of the lack of supply of human organs for transplantation, several alternatives have been investigated and debated. (medscape.com)
  • Finally, most patients perceive xenotransplantation as an acceptable bridge to transplantation of human organs in life-threatening situations. (medscape.com)
  • 3. Media reports on nuclear transfer are usually about one form, reproductive nuclear transfer, also known as reproductive cloning of human beings . (who.int)
  • Cloning of a human being" means asexual reproduction by implanting or attempting to implant the product of nuclear transplantation [e.g., an embryo] into a uterus or substitute for a uterus with the purpose of producing a human being. (cbc-network.org)
  • More than 100 nuclear transfer procedures could be required to produce one viable clone. (wikiquote.org)
  • Current Research and Scholarly Interests Recent clinical studies, by us and others, have demonstrated that genetically engineered T cells can eradicate cancers resistant to all other therapies. (stanford.edu)
  • Developments in biotechnology have raised new concerns about animal welfare, as farm animals now have their genomes modified (genetically engineered) or copied (cloned) to propagate certain traits useful to agribusiness, such as meat yield or feed conversion. (wikiquote.org)
  • This is junk biology since implanting isn't the act of asexual reproduction: SCNT cloning is. (cbc-network.org)
  • We have discovered novel insights into the biology of human T cell exhaustion and developed approaches to prevent and reverse this phenomenon. (stanford.edu)
  • The study of biology of stem cells is the hallmark of the recent emerging field of regenerative medicine and medical biotechnology. (benthamscience.com)
  • Before the tools of molecular biology were available, she developed T cell clones and realized that the cytotoxic factor she discovered was a combination of the cytokines lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). (ctcase.org)
  • In biology , cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria , insects or plants reproduce asexually . (wikiquote.org)
  • B cell depletion with anti-CD79 mAbs ameliorates autoimmune disease in MRL/lpr mice. (nationaljewish.org)
  • At that point - and this is important to understand - there is no more cloning to be done since a new human organism now exists. (cbc-network.org)
  • If the authors of this bill really meant what they appear to have written, their legislation would ban all human cloning, since as we have seen, biologically, a new human organism, that is, a new human being, comes into existence with the completion of SCNT. (cbc-network.org)
  • Or to put it the other way around, cloning, not implantation, is what produces a new and distinct human organism. (cbc-network.org)
  • To address this question, we performed paired whole exome sequencing of donor and recipient DNA and single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of 5 human kidney transplant biopsy cores. (biorxiv.org)
  • Finally, both donor and recipient T cell clones were present within the rejecting kidney, suggesting lymphoid aggregation. (biorxiv.org)
  • They developed the buttonhole technique for anastomosis of donor and recipient vessels in kidney transplantation to prevent thrombus formation. (medscape.com)
  • Osteoblasts arise from multipotent mesenchymal stem cells. (medscape.com)
  • Mesenchymal stromal cells: a novel therapy for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? (bmj.com)
  • Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are cells of non-haematopoietic origin, with the capacity to differentiate into multiple lineages of the mesenchyme, that is, chondrocytes, osteoblasts and adipocytes. (bmj.com)
  • RepliCel Life Sciences Inc. today announced that it has been granted a patent by Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry for hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells and their use thereof. (baldingblog.com)
  • Following early observations that MSCs inhibit T-cell proliferation, 9 MSCs were found to interact with the majority of innate and adaptive immune cells. (bmj.com)
  • Mechnikov discovered phagocytes, immune cells that protect organisms by ingesting foreign particles or microorganisms, by conducting experiments on starfish larvae. (asu.edu)
  • We know that innate immune cells are required for blastema progenitor cell formation, but are lacking an understanding of the immune cell processes and functions that are required for inducing and maintaining these progenitors cells. (lu.se)
  • They play a key role in orchestrating the immune response by "informing" other immune cells about the threat from foreign substances in the body. (lu.se)
  • Therefore, new ways are needed to reprogram other cells into immune cells with the same capacity as the "natural" dendritic cells. (lu.se)
  • In other words, using the molecules as a trojan horse to "force" cancer cells to develop into immune cells. (lu.se)
  • To our knowledge, this is the first report of cloned mammalian offspring originating from nonviable cells. (cnrs.fr)
  • These cells can be differentiated into mature endothelial cells, which are involved in processes of angiogenesis and vessel regeneration. (intechopen.com)
  • Thus, it has been shown that early EPCs release cytokines that promote tissue regeneration and neovasculogenesis, whereas late EPC and endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) contribute to the formation of blood vessels and stimulate tube formation. (intechopen.com)
  • Stem cells are emerging as an important source of material for diseases in regenerative medicine. (benthamscience.com)
  • When germ-free cell cultures became a laboratory routine, hopes were high for using this novel technology for treatment of diseases or replacement of cells in patients suffering from injury, inflammation, or cancer or even refreshing cells in the elderly. (hindawi.com)
  • Her findings that cytokines can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) and contribute to autoimmune diseases changed thinking in the field. (ctcase.org)
  • Claims that you could clone individual treatments of human beings to treat common diseases like diabetes, suggests you need a huge supply of human eggs. (wikiquote.org)
  • CD8 + CTL clones recognizing minor H antigens were isolated from five patients studied. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Clones from three patients with a partial response or stable disease recognized antigens expressed on renal cell carcinoma tumor cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • CD8 + CTL-recognizing minor H antigens on tumor cells can be isolated posttransplant and could contribute to the graft- versus -tumor effect. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Immunologic variations from the norm of WAS incorporate T-cell lymphopenia, flawed proliferative reaction to CD3 cross-linking, disabled counter acting agent reaction to polysaccharide antigens, flawed monocyte chemotaxis, anomalies of fortified dendritic cells, and an expanded lymphocyte apoptosis with age. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Anti-CD79 antibody induces B cell anergy that protects against autoimmunity. (nationaljewish.org)
  • Patients with coordinated kin or parent benefactors (MSD) and coordinated irrelevant benefactors (URD) display the most noteworthy survival rates up to 80%, particularly in case transplantation happens at an early age with a URD. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Ethically, since eventually all such "research" will be applied to people, he cautions against the abuse of women "egg" donors, and against the premature use of vulnerable sick human patients for testing supposedly "patient-specific" stem cells in supposed "therapies", pointing to the obvious violations of standard international research ethics guidelines such clinical trials would necessarily entail. (lifeissues.net)
  • As he has questioned the HFEA before, would not the use of vulnerable human patients in clinical trials be premature, dangerous, and unethical given the already acquired knowledge in the research community that such supposed "patient-specific" stem cells would most probably cause serious immune rejection reactions in these patients? (lifeissues.net)
  • Eight patients (16 %) did not respond to treatment, and one died shortly after transplantation. (springermedizin.at)
  • [ 3 ] Porcine islet cells of Langerhans have been injected into patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus . (medscape.com)
  • [ 5 ] and pig neuronal cells have been transplanted into patients with Parkinson (Parkinson's) disease and Huntington (Huntington's) disease . (medscape.com)
  • Les IFN et les IL-10 étaient signi cativement élevés chez ceux qui présentaient une néphropathie diabétique (ND) et une maladie rénale en phase terminale (MRPT) par rapport aux témoins et aux patients diabétiques sans ND. (who.int)
  • T-cells have 2 subsets of betic patients with and without nephropathy. (who.int)
  • Th2 cells produce cy- patients which might reduce the morbidity tokine interleukins IL-4 and IL-10, which and mortality due to infection. (who.int)
  • Reprogramming skin cells to blood stem cells could potentially provide an unlimited source of cells for transplantation to patients with blood disorders. (lu.se)
  • In cancer patients dendritic cells may become dysfunctional or excluded from tumors. (lu.se)
  • WHA50.37, which states "the use of cloning for the replication of human individuals is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)
  • Those two factors make attempts to clone humans for reproductive purposes ethically troubling. (reasons.org)
  • Researchers from the Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech), Moscow State University, and their colleagues have produced the first viable cloned calf in Russia - and she recently turned one. (isaaa.org)
  • More than 90% of cloning attempts fail to produce viable offspring. (wikiquote.org)
  • So it is unlikely that the cells would be viable. (wikiquote.org)
  • Let's say that one in a thousand cells were nevertheless viable, practical issues come into play. (wikiquote.org)
  • Given that we have an efficiency of 1% cloning for livestock species and if only one in a thousand cells are viable then around 100,000 cells would need to be transferred. (wikiquote.org)
  • If hair cloning is a viable option in the future (perhaps in 15-20 years since I know the time line keeps moving every year) would you expect to see a large number of people elect to have a hair transplant for the sole reason of increasing overall hair density? (baldingblog.com)
  • No obvious correlations between clinical parameters, including age, karyotype, existence of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria clones, pretreatment blood counts, progenitor cell counts, and the response to immunosuppressive therapy (IST), were found. (springermedizin.at)
  • Bulgarian Centre for Bioethics, at http://www.bio-ethics.net/en/content/mission , accessed 7 November 2011. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Review of Critical Article: Cobbe, 'Why the apparent haste to clone humans? (lifeissues.net)
  • See Neville Cobbe, "Why the apparent haste to clone humans? (lifeissues.net)
  • Granulosa cells from adult sheep were heated to nonphysiological temperatures (55 degrees C or 75 degrees C) before their nuclei were injected into enucleated metaphase II oocytes. (cnrs.fr)
  • The non-embryonic stem cells like adult stem cells are in clinical use for many years and embryonic stem cells are now emerging as an alternative source for the same purpose with huge potentials in drug discovery and toxicological studies. (benthamscience.com)
  • Pereira's research also involves reprogramming skin cells into dendritic cells, which are the sentinels of the immune system. (lu.se)
  • By using skin cells as the starting cell-type, he managed to identify the three molecules needed to "program" dendritic cells in just nine days. (lu.se)
  • In the next step, he used the same molecules to reprogram cancer cells into dendritic cells. (lu.se)
  • A blastocyst (cloned or not), because it lacks any trace of a nervous system, has no capacity for suffering or conscious experience in any form - the special properties that, in our view, spell the difference between biological tissue and a human life worthy of respect and rights. (wikiquote.org)
  • Human CMV grows only in human cells and replicates best in human fibroblasts. (medscape.com)
  • Dr. Lipton's research on muscular dystrophy, studies employing cloned human stem cells, focused upon the molecular mechanisms controlling cell behavior. (newsforthesoul.com)
  • Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments ( molecular cloning ), cells (cell cloning), or organisms . (wikiquote.org)
  • In APC-deficient colon carcinoma cells, we demonstrated that ß-catenin accumulates and is constitutively complexed with the TCF family member TCF4, providing a molecular explanation for the initiation of colon cancer (5). (hubrecht.eu)
  • Current technologies for treatment of many lymphomas, leukemias, transplant rejection and some autoimmune disorders include monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that target and deplete B cell populations. (nationaljewish.org)
  • 1 Unique MSC-specific markers have not yet been identified, and MSCs constitute a heterogeneous cell population, including both multipotent (stem) cells and progenitor cells and might even contain pluripotent cell fractions. (bmj.com)
  • They display differentiation capacities and therefore qualify as multipotent progenitor cells (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
  • Lgr6 marks multipotent skin stem cells (29). (hubrecht.eu)
  • Whether donor leukocytes persist within kidney transplants or play any role in rejection is unknown, however, in part because of limited techniques for distinguishing recipient and donor cells. (biorxiv.org)
  • By analyzing expressed SNVs in the scRNA-seq dataset we could define recipient vs. donor cell origin for all 81,139 cells. (biorxiv.org)
  • Our results indicate that donor origin macrophages and T cells have distinct transcriptional profiles compared to their recipient counterparts and donor macrophages can persist for years post transplantation. (biorxiv.org)
  • Different phenotypes and subtypes of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), such as early and late EPCs, have been described according to their functionality. (intechopen.com)
  • Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading selectin), and soluble thrombomodulin--are cause of chronic renal failure and is a grow- providing further evidence of the relation- ing concern given the increasing incidence ship between endothelial cell activation and of type 2 diabetes. (who.int)
  • found evidence and they did not require insulin therapy of endothelial cell injury in renal failure for glucose control. (who.int)
  • Scientists working in basic, translational, and clinical cancer metabolism research are invited to join the Academy in New York on April 17th to discuss the intersection between cell signaling and metabolism. (nyas.org)
  • Clinical manifestations of PNH occur when a HSC clone carrying somatic PIGA mutations acquires a growth advantage and differentiates, generating mature blood cells that are deficient of GPI-anchored proteins. (medscape.com)
  • The name of the disorder is a descriptive term for the clinical consequence of red blood cell (RBC) breakdown with release of hemoglobin into the urine, which manifests most prominently as dark-colored urine in the morning (see image below). (medscape.com)
  • And he also agrees that if we don't find global agreement on human cloning, "we can probably expect dire consequences for the future of biomedical research and its impact on society at large. (lifeissues.net)
  • Clinton declared a ban on all federal funding of human cloning research. (westerncarolinian.com)
  • The most recent bill bans all cloning for purposes of research and reproduction. (westerncarolinian.com)
  • In response to this bill, those who were opposed proposed a bill that would allow cloning for research purposes only. (westerncarolinian.com)
  • Recently, research has increased in the area of transplanting embryonic cells across species and growing kidneys and endocrine pancreas cells in situ. (medscape.com)