Cells evidence antigen of tumor. Medical search. Frequent questions

Thus, addressing the presence of immunosuppressive myeloid cell populations in the periphery and tumor microenvironment of patients with cancer is likely to be required for effective NK cell-based immunotherapy. (elifesciences.org)
Recent evidence, however, supports a dual role for macrophages in the regulation of tumour proliferation and immune control 10 , 16 , and indicates that the local tissue microenvironment plays a critical role in determining cell phenotypes. (ersjournals.com)
Fibrotic livers are characterized by an inflammatory microenvironment that is composed of various immunologically active cells, including liver-resident populations (e.g. (mdpi.com)
While inflammatory injury drives both fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis, the tolerogenic microenvironment of the liver conveys immunosuppressive effects that encourage tumor growth. (mdpi.com)
However, in vitro screens are limited to a lack of tumor microenvironment, and the gRNA library coverage or selection often limits the pathological relevance of targets unraveled by in vivo screens. (nature.com)
It is therefore imperative to uncover novel immune evasion mechanisms in the dynamic tumor-immune microenvironment by untangling the genetic heterogeneity of cancer cells. (nature.com)
These changes in the tumor microenvironment may lead to tumor cell death and eventually to a long-term memory immune response against tumor antigens. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
There is an extensive body of evidence that demonstrates that modulating the tumor microenvironment is critical to a successful outcome in cancer immunotherapy," added Dr. Sudhir Agrawal, president of Research at Idera. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Live imaging technology is becoming an increasing popular tool to visualize real-time cellular events in the tumor microenvironment during metastatic progression. (science20.com)
Two mechanisms have potential to impact the efficacy of immunotherapy when begun immediately after thermal ablation: mechanical changes in the tumor microenvironment and inflammatory-mediated changes in immune phenotype. (jci.org)
These changes are thought to lead to tumor-microenvironment interactions via factors secreted by stromal or epithelial cells in response to lymphoma cell-produced cytokines ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Previous studies have established CA125 as a tumor-microenvironment factor that can be detected and found elevated (above normal 35 U/ml levels) in the serum of up to 40% of FL patients and other NHL patients. (spandidos-publications.com)
Via direct actions on cancer cells and indirect actions on the tumor microenvironment, radiation has the potential to enhance epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, migration, angiogenesis and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)

The M1 phenotype (classically activated) macrophages are thought to be induced by interferon-γ, with or without lipopolysaccharide and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and exert a cytotoxic effect against cancer cells. (ersjournals.com)
Evidence exists that immune activation against hematopoietic elements frequently occurs in MDS patients, based on the identification of lymphocytic infiltrates in the marrow, oligoclonal expansion of T cells, and excessive production of tumor necrosis factor alpha. (acgtfoundation.org)
Its stimuli are unknown, but likely candidates include tumor necrosis factor or HIV viral products. (nih.gov)

OX40, GITR, and 4-1BB), can enhance T cell immunity in tumor-bearing hosts. (bepress.com)
In their review " Natural and Adaptive Immunity to Cancer ", Vesely and colleagues draw from recent mouse models of cancer and human clinical data to describe how cells, effector molecules, and pathways of the immune system act to suppress and control tumor cells. (massgenomics.org)
In early phase clinical trials for both acute and chronic myeloid leukemias, we have observed the induction of anti-tumor immunity and associated clinical responses following K562/GM-CSF vaccination (see preliminary data). (acgtfoundation.org)
However, this finding has triggered further interest in utilising tumour-specific MHC-II to harness sustained anti-tumour immunity through the activation of CD4 + T helper cells. (portlandpress.com)
Thus, their reactivation represents an attractive way to unleash anti-tumour immunity. (portlandpress.com)
Resident memory CD8 + T (Trm) cells stably reside in non-lymphoid tissues and mediate superior innate and adaptive immunity against pathogens. (lifeboat.com)
However, the specific contribution of Trm cells to anti-tumor immunity is incompletely understood. (lifeboat.com)
8-10 Long-lasting protective immunity relies on the efficient establishment of long-lived memory CD8 + T cells, which have the potential to eradicate primary and disseminated tumors. (lifeboat.com)
Loading DCs ex vivo with tumor antigens can stimulate potent antitumor immunity in tumor-bearing mice. (nova.edu)
however, despite its prevalence in FL and other cancers, the role of CA125 in tumor biology and immunity has been only recently elucidated. (spandidos-publications.com)
This observation underscores the point that the tumor-bearing host may not provide an appropriate environment to prime anticancer immunity. (biomedcentral.com)

MMP2 and MMP14 appear to also play a role in tumor growth and progression in intracranial cases. (wikipedia.org)
There is increasing interest in the role played by the innate and adaptive immune systems in the regulation of tumour development and progression 2 , 3 and it is anticipated that a better understanding of the molecular and cellular immunology of NSCLC will lead to the identification of novel targets for immunotherapy. (ersjournals.com)
The role of macrophage phenotypes in tumour progression has been extensively reviewed 6 - 10 . (ersjournals.com)
Alterations in either the innate or adaptive arm of the immune system and cross-talk between them make the immune system tolerant to tumors, leading to disease progression. (wjgnet.com)
Gone are the old school methods that produce "still" evidence of cancer progression. (science20.com)
Yet, far less attention is paid to the effects of these treatments on tumor progression as reflected by the metastatic process. (biomedcentral.com)

PD-L1 CAR haNKs reduced levels of macrophages and other myeloid cells endogenously expressing high PD-L1 in peripheral blood from patients with head and neck cancer. (elifesciences.org)
There is a marked survival advantage for patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) expressing high numbers of macrophages in their tumour islets. (ersjournals.com)
Macrophages infiltrating the tumour islets in nonsmall cell lung cancer were predominantly of the M1 phenotype in patients with extended survival. (ersjournals.com)
Thus, increasing numbers of macrophages within the tumour islets conferred a marked survival advantage, while increased numbers of macrophages in the tumour stroma were associated with worse prognosis. (ersjournals.com)
M2 (alternatively activated) macrophages are thought to be modulated by IL-4 and -13 and associated with tumour formation. (ersjournals.com)
Additionally, M2 macrophages have been traditionally thought of as being the predominant macrophage phenotype in solid tumours (tumour-associated macrophages). (ersjournals.com)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key component in the process of angiogenesis, is known to be produced by tumour-associated macrophages 17 , 18 , which have been traditionally reported as M2 macrophages. (ersjournals.com)
ICE is a bispecific engager of CD16A+ natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages and tumor antigens. (onclive.com)
However, AFM24 engages CD16A on NK cells and macrophages with a higher affinity than monoclonal antibodies, causing NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and macrophage-mediated antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis. (onclive.com)
To do so, monocyte-differentiated macrophages from healthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells were co-cultured for 4 hours with CMFDA-labeled, wild-type EGFR-expressing or KRAS -mutant tumor cells in the presence of 10 µg/mL of AFM24 or cetuximab. (onclive.com)
M0, M1, or M2 macrophages were co-cultured with CMFDA-labeled tumor cells in the presence of increasing concentrations of AFM24. (onclive.com)
Finally, M0 macrophages were co-cultured with pHRodo™-labeled tumor cells in the presence of 10 µg/mL of AFM24 or cetuximab. (onclive.com)
Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells and sinusoidal endothelium) and infiltrating leukocytes (e.g., monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes). (mdpi.com)
In this review, we have discussed the status and roles of various immune effector cells ( e.g ., dendritic cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, and T cells), their cytokine profile, and the chemokine-receptor axis in promoting or impeding HCC. (wjgnet.com)
His videos revealed a stunning array of "streaming chemotaxis" in which macrophages and cancer cells are alternatively lined up in a stream during their trafficking to the nearby blood vessels. (science20.com)
Condeelis further revealed clusters of macrophages along the blood vessels that are colocalized with the site to tumor cell intravasation, suggesting the integral role of macrophages in the cancer cell's journey into circulation. (science20.com)
In a syngeneic model of epithelial cancer, we found that 7 days of immunotherapy (TLR9 agonist and checkpoint blockade), prior to thermal ablation, reduced macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells and enhanced IFN-γ-producing CD8 + T cells, the M1 macrophage fraction, and PD-L1 expression on CD45 + cells. (jci.org)
CD11c is expressed in monocytes, macrophages, natural killer cells, some granulocytes and less so in a subset of lymphocytes. (thermofisher.com)
In the present study, we demonstrate that infection of human antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages with IDLVs expressing influenza matrix M1 protein resulted in effective induction of in vitro expansion of M1-primed CD8(+) T cells, as evaluated by both pentamer staining and cytokine production. (duke.edu)
that is histopathological y very simi- T cel s, B cel s, natural kil er cel s, LMP1 of EBV can transform ro- lar to that caused by hepatitis B vi- macrophages, and dendritic cells, dent fibroblasts and is expressed rus (HBV) in humans, but it does so and this humanized mouse model in most of the human cancers as- through a different mechanism. (who.int)

While the search for immunogenic tumor antigens has been the subject of decades-long studies, multiple lines of evidence have convincingly demonstrated tumor neoantigens as an important class of immunogenic tumor antigens. (aacrjournals.org)
However, we are also very excited to further understand what other areas we can apply the technology to, such as in tumors that may not be immunogenic and perhaps unresponsive to checkpoint inhibition. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
In silico methods were successfully used to characterize previously identified HLA-restricted peptides and one previously identified immunogenic T-cell epitope. (helsinki.fi)
Tumor-derived autophagosome vaccines (DRibbles) have the potential to broaden immune response to poorly immunogenic tumors. (biomedcentral.com)

Recent data demonstrate that the recruitment of dendritic cells to neoplastic lesions (and hence the priming of tumor-specific CD8 + T cells) is highly dependent on radiotherapy dose and fractionation through a mechanism that involves the accumulation of double-stranded DNA in the cytoplasm of cancer cells and consequent type I IFN release. (aacrjournals.org)
TLR-9 is expressed in both B cells and plasmocytoid dendritic cells. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Intratumoral injection of IMO-2125 leads to interferon-alpha production and activation of dendritic cells. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Activation of dendritic cells is a prerequisite for other critical activities, such as T cell infiltration/expansion and Th1 response. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Cancer immunotherapy with mRNA-transfected dendritic cells. (nova.edu)
Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells capable of activating naïve T cells. (nova.edu)
CD11c is expressed by dendritic cells, a subset of Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes (IEL) and some activated T cells. (thermofisher.com)
N418 binds to CD11c on splenic dendritic cells in the T-dependent areas of mouse spleen and precipitates a 150, 90 kDa heterodimer. (thermofisher.com)

Cell proliferation and invasion were assayed using the kidney cell lines HEK293 with wild-type p53 and a ccRCC cell line MZ1257RC mutated for p53. (frontiersin.org)
HEK293 cells demonstrated a restriction of ERV-K113 env expression and invasion with no changes in proliferation in the absence of Aza. (frontiersin.org)
ERBB2, ERBB4, and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene expression promote tumor cell proliferation, contributing to aggressive tumor behavior. (wikipedia.org)
Peripheral blood phenotyping data show increases in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation two weeks after anti-OX40 administration. (bepress.com)
These data provide evidence that anti-OX40 prior to surgery is safe and can increase activation and proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in blood and tumor. (bepress.com)
Dr. Yasuhiro Miyake (Assistant Professor of Okayama University Hospital) with his colleagues have found the presence of anti-60S ribosomal protein L29 (RPL29) antibody in sera, and showed that the anti- recRPL29-peptides polyclonal antibody inhibited the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells via the down-regulation of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway in a dose dependent manner. (okayama-u.ac.jp)
Anti-RPL29 antibody also showed the suppressive effects on the proliferation of other cancer cells such as lung adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. (okayama-u.ac.jp)
The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clonal neoplastic hematologic disorders characterized by varying degrees of bone marrow failure, abnormal hematopoiesis, and proliferation of myeloid blast cells. (acgtfoundation.org)
Reactive angioendotheliomatosis (RAE) is a rare benign cutaneous vascular proliferation characterized by intravascular hyperplasia of endothelial cells and tuft-like proliferation of vessels. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
Cutaneous biopsy revealed RAE characterized by the proliferation of epithelioid and spindle-shaped cells in superficial and middermis lining vascular channels, arranged in clusters, and sometimes displaying an intravascular growth pattern. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
Histopathologically, it is characterized by a proliferation of endothelial cells within vascular lumina resulting in the obliteration of the involved vessels. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)
It consists of violaceous and purpuric plaques histopathologically characterized by diffuse proliferation of endothelial cells interstitially arranged between collagen bundles of the reticular dermis. (thedoctorsdoctor.com)

Given these findings, AFM24 is now being evaluated in a phase 1/2 trial (NCT04259450) in patients with advanced EGFR -positive solid tumors. (onclive.com)
This review summarizes the use of high-voltage electrical pulses (HVEPs) in clinical oncology to treat solid tumors with irreversible electroporation (IRE) and electrochemotherapy (ECT). (rsna.org)
The study enrolled both treatment-naive patients and heavily pretreated patients with a variety of advanced solid tumors including RET fusion-positive NSCLC, RET -mutant MTC, RET fusion-positive thyroid cancer, and certain other advanced solid tumors with RET alterations. (prnewswire.com)

Our findings show that TRIM28 is necessary for MAGEC2 expression in cancer cells, and TRIM28 may serve as a new potential target for immunotherapy of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Failed T cell-based immunotherapies in the presence of genomic alterations in antigen presentations pathways may be overcome by NK cell-based immunotherapy. (elifesciences.org)
T cell-based immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint blockade or adoptive T cell transfer, is limited by the ability of T cells to detect major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-presented antigen by tumor cells. (elifesciences.org)
Natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy may overcome genetic mechanisms of resistance to T cell-based immunotherapy through antigen- and MHC-independent recognition of malignant cells. (elifesciences.org)
Our data indicate that the evolutionarily conserved miRNA pathway can be exploited by cancer cells to escape from T cell-mediated elimination and immunotherapy. (nature.com)
Background CD8 + T cells are a highly diverse population of cells with distinct phenotypic functions that can influence immunotherapy outcomes. (bmj.com)
Further insights on the roles of CD8 + specificities and TCR avidity of naturally arising tumor-specific T cells, where both high and low avidity T cells recognizing the same peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) coexist in the same tumor, are crucial for understanding T cell exhaustion and resistance to PD-1 immunotherapy. (bmj.com)
Conclusions Targeting subdominant T cell responses with lower avidity against pMHC affinity neoepitopes showed potential for improving PD-1 immunotherapy. (bmj.com)
however, there is emerging evidence that focal therapy can have a positive or negative impact on the efficacy of immunotherapy. (jci.org)
Continued treatment with immunotherapy alone or with immunotherapy combined with ablation (primed ablation) then resulted in a complete response in 80% of treated mice at day 90, and primed ablation expanded CD8 + T cells as compared with all control groups. (jci.org)
When the tumor burden was increased by implantation of 3 orthotopic tumors, successive primed ablation of 2 discrete lesions resulted in survival of 60% of treated mice as compared with 25% of mice treated with immunotherapy alone. (jci.org)
In summary, we found that immunotherapy begun before ablation can be curative and can enhance efficacy in the presence of a high tumor burden. (jci.org)
Immunotherapy is emerging as a new form to treat cancer by harnessing the activity of cytotoxic CD8 + T lymphocytes (CTLs) that specifically recognize tumor-associated antigens. (lifeboat.com)
This study was designed to test a novel immunotherapy strategy using a vaccine enriched for short-lived proteins (SLiPs) and defective ribosomal products (DRiPs) derived from autologous tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Cancer antigen (CA) 27.29 most frequently is used to follow response to therapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer. (aafp.org)
In January 2022, the first patient was dosed in the Phase 2 trial evaluating HB-200 in combination with pembrolizumab, as a potential treatment of 1st- and 2nd+-line advanced metastatic Human Papillomavirus 16 Positive (HPV16-positive) squamous cell head and neck cancers (HNSCC). (financialcontent.com)
The first evidence that radiotherapy enhances the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) was obtained a dozen years ago in a mouse model of metastatic carcinoma refractory to anti-CTLA-4 treatment. (aacrjournals.org)
The era of immune checkpoint blockers (ICB), which started in 2011 with the approval of an antibody targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) on T cells (namely, ipilimumab) for the treatment of metastatic melanoma ( 1 ), has brought a new paradigm to cancer therapy whereby the immune system is being harnessed to cure the cancer. (aacrjournals.org)
First, Dr. John Condeelis used multiphoton microscopy in a mammary imaging window to monitor macrophage and tumor cell interactions in a metastatic mouse PYMT breast cancer model. (science20.com)
Nonetheless, pre-clinical evidence indicates that radiation can entail pro-metastatic effects via multiple pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
These cells form ecosystems at the primary and at the metastatic site, mutually communicating with one another and with stem cell-generating organs such as the bone marrow. (biomedcentral.com)
Metastatic cancer cells are released from the primary tumor or from other metastases, at an undefined moment of its development, to arrive in the circulation and home at distant sites, where the ecosystem permits them to survive and either remain dormant as micro-metastases or grow to form macro-metastases (Mareel et al. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we review the preclinical evidence on the effect of irradiation on three main steps in the metastatic process as proposed by Talmadge et al. (biomedcentral.com)
2001 ). Molecular communication between ecosystems is also witnessed by the vasculogenic and pro-metastatic tumor bed effect as discussed by Kuonen et al. (biomedcentral.com)
Hypoxia stimulates hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-dependent expression of CXCL12 and KITL promoting mobilization from the bone marrow and recruitment to primary tumor and metastatic sites of CXCR4 + CD11b + bone marrow-derived cells and KITbCD11b + cells assisting vasculogenesis and metastasis respectively (Kuonen et al. (biomedcentral.com)
Recruitment of CD11b + CD11c + myelomonocytic cells to the metastatic site was also found after whole thorax irradiation at a dose of 15 Gy of mice that significantly enhanced seeding and metastatic growth of intravenously injected cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Randomized, Open Label Phase 3 study of SAR408701 versus Docetaxel in Previously Treated metastatic non-squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer patients with CEACAM5 positive tumors. (who.int)

Monocytes activated by tumour-derived microvesicles from pancreatic, colon and lung cancer cell lines have been found to show increased expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and a resulting increase in production of reactive oxygen intermediates and TNF-α 11 . (ersjournals.com)
Carcinoembryonic antigen is used to detect relapse of colorectal cancer, and CA 19-9 may be helpful in establishing the nature of pancreatic masses. (aafp.org)
BACKGROUND: Acinar cell carcinomas (ACC) belong to the exocrine pancreatic malignancies. (bvsalud.org)

Potential of arenaviral immunotherapies in novel combinations and against tumor self-antigens highlighted at AACR. (financialcontent.com)
In April 2022, HOOKIPA presented positive data at the 2022 American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting showing HOOKIPA's arenaviral immunotherapies induced potent T cell responses in novel combinations (such as co-stimulatory 4-1BB agonists or adoptive cell transfer) and against tumor self-antigens. (financialcontent.com)
Here, we demonstrated that intradermal administration of clinically relevant vaccines efficiently induces Trm cells specific for tumor-specific and self-antigens that accumulate in vaccinated and non-vaccinated skin. (lifeboat.com)
Here we demonstrated that a single intradermal administration of gene- or protein-based vaccines efficiently induces specific Trm cell responses against models of tumor-specific and self-antigens, which accumulated in vaccinated and distant non-vaccinated skin. (lifeboat.com)
Vaccination strategies eliciting CTL responses specific for tumor-specific and self-antigens have shown promising results in recent clinical trials. (lifeboat.com)

Loss of 22q has been found in both sporadic and familial cases, supporting the presence of a tumor suppressor gene at this location. (wikipedia.org)
A variety of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have been found to be mutated or possess altered expression in pediatric ependymomas. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic inactivation of the machinery or re-introduction of ANKRD52 frequent patient mutations dampens the JAK-STAT-interferon-γ signaling and antigen presentation in cancer cells, largely by abolishing miR-155-targeted silencing of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1). (nature.com)
This is in contrast with tumor suppressor genes which must BOTH be defective to lead to abnormal cell division. (cancerquest.org)

In this investigation a human RCC tissue microarray (TMA) (n=374) predominantly consisting of the most common histological tumor subtypes was hybridized with an ERV-K env antibody and correlated with patient clinical data. (frontiersin.org)
Here we describe the results from a phase Ib clinical trial (NCT02274155) in which 17 patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) received a murine anti-human OX40 agonist antibody (MEDI6469) prior to definitive surgical resection. (bepress.com)
Cancer antigen (CA) 27.29 is a monoclonal antibody to a glycoprotein (MUC1) that is present on the apical surface of normal epithelial cells. (aafp.org)
The innate cell engager AFM24 showed greater efficacy in eliciting antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis of EGFR wild-type and KRAS-mutant tumor cells compared with cetuximab. (onclive.com)
The innate cell engager ® (ICE) AFM24 showed greater efficacy in eliciting antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis of EGFR wild-type and KRAS -mutant tumor cells compared with cetuximab (Erbitux), according to preclinical findings from a study presented in a poster during the 2021 SITC Annual Meeting . (onclive.com)
AFM24 enhances macrophage-mediated antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis of various EGFR-expressing tumor cell lines, irrespective of the EGFR signaling pathway," wrote lead study author Sheena Pinto, PhD, translational project leader at Affimed, and coauthors, in the poster. (onclive.com)
In this analysis, investigators evaluated the ability of AFM24 to elicit antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis in solid tumor cell lines expressing EGFR wild-type or EGFR signaling pathway mutations. (onclive.com)
Additional results showed that AFM24 increased antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis of EGFR -positive tumor cells regardless of macrophage subtype. (onclive.com)
Based on the results of these studies, anti-RPL29 antibody could be a first-in-class molecular-targeted drug for the treatment of malignant tumors. (okayama-u.ac.jp)
In addition, the concentration of the anti-RPL29 antibody in sera can be a new diagnostic biomarker for the treatment of malignant tumors. (okayama-u.ac.jp)
Vaccination-induced Trm cells were largely resistant to in vivo intravascular staining and antibody-dependent depletion. (lifeboat.com)
We performed a comprehensive immunological characterization of 83 hematological patients before vaccination and measured IgM, IgG, and IgA antibody response to four viral antigens at day +7 after second-dose COVID-19 vaccination using multidimensional and computational flow cytometry. (unav.edu)
We identified an immunotype that was significantly associated with poor antibody response and uncovered that the frequency of neutrophils, classical monocytes, CD4, and CD8 effector memory CD127low T cells, as well as naive CD21+ and IgM+D+ memory B cells, were independently associated with immunogenicity. (unav.edu)
The mechanisms of action by which RTX kills FL cells include complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) ( 3 ), antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) ( 4 , 5 )-herein referred to as 'effector function' mechanisms-as well as CD20 signaling effects ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. (thermofisher.com)
All 4 patients had evidence of specific antibody responses against potential tumor antigens. (biomedcentral.com)

With the exception of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), tumor markers do not have sufficient sensitivity or specificity for use in screening. (aafp.org)
The striking observation from two phase I clinical trials, in patients with prostate cancer immunized with prostate-specific antigen mRNA-transfected DCs and patients with renal cancer immunized with autologous tumor RNA-transfected DCs, was that the majority of patients exhibited a vaccine-induced T-cell response. (nova.edu)

Analyses of CD8+ TIL show increases in tumor-antigen reactive, proliferating CD103+ CD39+ cells in 25% of patients with evaluable tumor tissue (N = 4/16), all of whom remain disease-free. (bepress.com)
We have identified a candidate etiologic agent, dubbed raccoon polyomavirus, that was present in the tumor tissue of all affected animals but not in tissues from 20 unaffected animals. (cdc.gov)
1) Dr. Contag's newest implantable confocal microscope featuring 3D YZ and XY stacked tumor videos, as well as Pulse Electron Avalanche Knife tissue sampler to allow concise and accurate tissue sampling. (science20.com)
K - M ) H&E staining performed at day 31 confirmed that, compared with ( K ) control tumors ( n = 3), viable tumor was reduced in ( L ) treated tumors ( n = 3), where residual viable tumor tissue (red arrows) existed outside the path of the ultrasound beam. (jci.org)
Thermal ablation did not reduce viable ( M ) contralateral tumor tissue ( n = 3). (jci.org)
Unlike alternative ablative therapies, electroporation does not affect the structural integrity of surrounding tissue, thereby enabling tumors in the vicinity of vital structures to be treated. (rsna.org)
IRE uses HVEPs to cause cell death by inducing membrane disruption, and it is primarily used as a radical ablative therapy in the treatment of soft-tissue tumors in the liver, kidney, prostate, and pancreas. (rsna.org)
The ability to amplify RNA from microscopic amounts of tumor tissue extends the use of DC vaccination to virtually every cancer patient. (nova.edu)
Such treatment was associated with upregulation of invasion- and inflammation-promoting soluble factors, such as matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), its activator MMP14, tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2), chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), the latter two being linked to the recruitment of the monocytic cells. (biomedcentral.com)
4 Î¼m slides from FFPE tumor tissue are required. (who.int)

For example, it was found that the large T antigen (LT) of MCV is critical for carcinogenesis. (medscape.com)
The multifunctional nuclear protein large T-antigen was detectable by immunohistochemical analyses in a subset of neoplastic cells. (cdc.gov)
Furthermore, transgenic mice harboring the viral-encoded large T-antigen (LT-Ag) alone develop tumors of neuroectodermal origin, including malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) and glioblastomas. (cdc.gov)

Neoantigen vaccine generates intratumoral T cell responses in phase Ib glioblastoma trial. (msdmanuals.com)
In recent studies, we have tested the feasibility and immunogenicity of a vaccine that targets up to 20 personal neoantigens predicted to be presented by autologous patient tumor. (aacrjournals.org)
We have developed a genetically modified tumor cell vaccine for the treatment of myeloid malignancies. (acgtfoundation.org)
There is evidence of reduced SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness in patients with hematological malignancies. (unav.edu)
At the evidence to recommend patient framework is the framework ACIP has adopted in order to systematically and transparently assess scientific evidence for vaccine recommendations. (cdc.gov)
Autologous vaccine generated from tumor cells harvested from pleural effusions was administered to patients with advanced NSCLC with the objectives of assessing safety and immune response. (biomedcentral.com)
DRibble vaccine given with GM-CSF appeared safe and capable of inducing an immune response against tumor cells in this small, pilot study. (biomedcentral.com)

Comparison of tumor biopsies before and after treatment reveals an increase of activated, conventional CD4+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in most patients and higher clonality by TCRβ sequencing. (bepress.com)
MHC-I and MHC-II proteins are key components of the antigen presentation machinery responsible for neoantigen presentation to CD8 + and CD4 + T lymphocytes, respectively. (portlandpress.com)

It is the most common primary intracranial neoplasm and the most diversified in histologic patterns among all primary tumors of the CNS. (medscape.com)
Blastic natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma ( also termed CD4+CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm ) is a recently described entity, with the first case reported in 1994. (medscape.com)
Blastic natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma, also termed CD4+CD56+ hematodermic neoplasm (CD4/CD56 HN) is a rare clinical entity encompassing distinct genetic, morphologic, etiologic, and diagnostic criteria. (medscape.com)

JCV, for example, induces brain tumors when intracerebrally inoculated in experimental animals ( 7 - 11 ). (cdc.gov)
Silencing RPL29 by RNA interference in cancer cells induces the cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and promotes its apoptosis. (okayama-u.ac.jp)

Although epigenetically silenced, endogenous retroviral (ERV) genes become activated in tumors and function to ignite immune responses. (frontiersin.org)
Healthy humans develop spontaneous CD8+ T cell responses to melanoma associated antigens (MA) expressed by normal melanocytes. (mdpi.com)
Most humoral responses cannot prevent tumor growth. (msdmanuals.com)
Methods CT26 models were treated with anti-PD-1 on days 3, 6 and 9 following subcutaneous tumor implantation generating variable responses during early tumor development. (bmj.com)
Adoptive transfer of Tet lo showed more effective tumor control than Tet hi , and curative responses were achieved when Tet lo was combined with two doses of anti-PD-1. (bmj.com)
A variety of evidence suggests that spontaneous immune responses to autologous tumor-associated antigens affect the cure of malignant tumors, and that some antibodies in sera could influence cancer cells. (okayama-u.ac.jp)
Alternating 2-vector therapy showed superior antigen-specific T cell responses, more robust anti-tumor activity and similar tolerability vs. single-vector therapy. (financialcontent.com)
These studies suggest that IMO-2125 can induce memory T cell responses, leading to a robust systemic antitumor activity. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Memory CD8 + T cell responses have the potential to mediate long-lasting protection against cancers. (lifeboat.com)
Moreover, clinically applicable vaccination strategies that efficiently establish Trm cell responses remain largely unexplored and are expected to strongly protect against tumors. (lifeboat.com)
This receptor is found in moderate levels on some normal cells and as the gene's name implies, it is involved in cellular responses to growth factors. (cancerquest.org)
Suggestive evidence of clinically related responses was seen in both the trials. (nova.edu)
Several reports have demonstrated that a single immunization with integration-defective lentiviral vectors (IDLVs) delivering viral or tumor model antigens in mice was able to elicit broad and long-lasting specific immune responses in the absence of vector integration. (duke.edu)
At present, no evidence has been reported showing that IDLVs are able to expand preexisting immune responses in the human context. (duke.edu)
In addition to mutated proteins, NSCLC can over-express a number of non-mutated proteins that can induce both humoral and cytotoxic T cell responses [ 10 ], and also have the potential to serve as tumor rejection antigens [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Regarding the data collected, the clinical factors included the sex, age, smoking history, comorbidities, and the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and preoperative CRP (preCRP) levels. (researchsquare.com)

Merkel cells display paranuclear staining for cytokeratins, which are also found in other neuroendocrine tumors. (medscape.com)
Primary Cutaneous Neuroendocrine Tumors Ceruminous gland tumors are discussed in Tumors of the Ear Canal. (merckvetmanual.com)

Host Response to Tumors The immune response to foreign antigens consists of Humoral mechanisms (eg, antibodies) Cellular mechanisms (See also Tumor Antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
Lichen planus associated with neoplasia: A cell-mediated immune response to tumor antigens? (psu.edu)
T2 - A cell-mediated immune response to tumor antigens? (psu.edu)
Autologous tumor-specific immune response was seen in two of the three, manifested by IL-5 (1 patient after 3 doses), and IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-5, IL-10 (after 4 doses in one patient). (biomedcentral.com)
NSCLC without driver mutations is one of the most heavily mutated of human cancers [ 8 ], thus it is likely that NSCLC cells harbor neoantigens to which the host would not be tolerant, and against which the immune system could mount a strong, destructive immune response. (biomedcentral.com)

Evidence that PyVs induce tumors after natural infection is accumulating but more controversial. (cdc.gov)
Animal models for human tumour mental animals is not easy to answer does induce adult T-cell leukaemia/ viruses that make use of animal virus- for these agents, because cancer bi- lymphoma (ATLL), albeit in monkeys es are scarce. (who.int)

Ependymomas have been suggested to arise from radial glial cells, suggesting neural stem cell maintenance pathways such as Notch, sonic hedgehog (SHH), and p53 are important for the pathogenesis of ependymomas. (wikipedia.org)
The clustering of cases and association of the tumors with the olfactory pathways suggested an infectious cause with a distinct route of transmission and tropism. (cdc.gov)
Transcriptomics analyses showed pathways related to TCR signaling, cytotoxicity and oxidative phosphorylation were significantly enriched in Tet lo found in both regressing and progressing tumors compared with Tet hi , whereas genes related to DNA damage, apoptosis and autophagy were downregulated. (bmj.com)
Apparently, certain immune system pathways (e.g. inflammation) instead serve to promote tumor growth. (massgenomics.org)
Their expression in tumour cells is modulated by a complex interplay of genomic, transcriptomic and post translational factors involving multiple intracellular antigen processing pathways. (portlandpress.com)

Gain of chromosome 1q (1q21.1-32.1) is more common in the pediatric population and is associated with tumor recurrence in intracranial ependymomas. (wikipedia.org)
Each tumor marker has a variable profile of usefulness for screening, determining diagnosis and prognosis, assessing response to therapy, and monitoring for cancer recurrence. (aafp.org)
In monitoring patients for disease recurrence, tumor marker levels should be determined only when there is a potential for meaningful treatment. (aafp.org)
PET imaging of CA125 expression by ovarian cancer cells may enhance the evaluation of the extent of disease and provide a roadmap to surgery as well as detect recurrence and metastases. (snmjournals.org)

We demonstrate that MAGEC2 interacts with TRIM28 in melanoma cells and MAGEC2 expression in tumor cells depends on the expression of TRIM28. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we found that expression of MAGEC2 protein in tumor cells depends on the expression of TRIM28, a reduction in the level of endogenous TRIM28 expression in melanoma cells resulting in significantly decreased expression of MAGEC2 protein. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, vaccination-induced Trm cells strongly suppress the growth of melanoma, independently of circulating CD8 T cells, and were able to infiltrate melanoma tumors. (lifeboat.com)
Transfusion of autologous tumor-specific CTLs 1-4 and blockade of T cell inhibitory receptors 5-7 have demonstrated to elicit durable clinical benefit in a significant proportion of patients with melanoma, leukemia, lymphoma and other cancers, who failed to respond to conventional treatments. (lifeboat.com)

Combined, these approaches have led to the discovery of a myriad of mechanisms underlying cancer susceptibility to or evasion from T cell attack. (nature.com)
Cells already have an array of intrinsic defense mechanisms that halt the transformation process. (massgenomics.org)
Ongoing research investigates mechanisms invoked by cancer cells to abrogate MHC-I expression and attenuate anti-tumour CD8 + cytotoxic T cell response. (portlandpress.com)
This review provides a comprehensive overview of physiologically conserved or novel mechanisms utilised by tumour cells to reduce MHC-I or MHC-II expression. (portlandpress.com)

Our work suggests that increases in the tumor-reactive CD103+ CD39+ CD8+ TIL could serve as a potential biomarker of anti-OX40 clinical activity. (bepress.com)
Here, we describe the pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo study of irradiated haNK cells engineered to express a second-generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) targeting programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). (elifesciences.org)
However, a consistent increase in tumor marker levels, coupled with lack of clinical improvement, may indicate treatment failure. (aafp.org)
We remain focused on driving our rich pipeline forward and generating clinical data that expands the evidence of our arenaviral platform technology to help address unmet needs in cancer. (financialcontent.com)
2. Conduct a clinical trial in MDS testing K562/GM-CSF vaccination integrated with the systemic agent(s) identified in aim 1 as being most active in combination with GM-CSF tumor vaccines (years 2 and 3). (acgtfoundation.org)
IDO is one of several immune checkpoints involved in tumor immune escape, and IDO-1 inhibitors are currently in clinical development, according to the company. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Tumour-specific expression of MHC-I and MHC-II has been associated with improved patient survival in most clinical studies. (portlandpress.com)
The elevation of cancer antigen 125 (CA125) levels in the serum of asymptomatic patients precedes the radiologic detection of high-grade serous ovarian cancer by at least 2 mo and the final clinical diagnosis by 5 mo. (snmjournals.org)
This review describes the use of mRNA-encoded tumor antigens as a form of antigen loaded onto DCs, including our early experience from clinical trials in urological cancers. (nova.edu)
Recent clinical evidence suggests that high serum levels of the tumor‑produced mucin 16 (MUC16) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) have a negative impact on the effectiveness of RTX clinical activity in up to 40% of patients with follicular lymphoma. (spandidos-publications.com)
Previous clinical evidence suggested that high levels of serum CA125 have a negative impact on the effectiveness of the experimental therapeutic antibodies farletuzumab and amatuximab ( 13 - 15 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Key evidence showing that ADCC plays an important role in the clinical effect of RTX was provided by the analysis of Fc gamma RIIIa (CD16a) polymorphisms, where patients carrying CD16a 158V/V genotype (associated with high affinity Fc gamma receptor) showed significantly improved objective response rates compared with FL patients carrying at least one 158F allele (associated with low affinity Fc gamma receptor) ( 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Subsequently, the clinical evidence on this subject is reviewed. (biomedcentral.com)
The major clinical, histopathologic, and phenotypic aspects of the disease and diagnostic criteria and data suggesting a plasmacytoid dendritic cell origin for the tumor cells are provided. (medscape.com)

NK cells express germ-line receptors that are either stimulatory or inhibitory, and the summation of these signals determines activation status ( Caligiuri, 2008 ). (elifesciences.org)
A dysregulated immune system (including changes in the number and/or function of immune cells, cytokine levels, and the expression of inhibitory receptors or their ligands) plays a key role in the development of HCC. (wjgnet.com)
These therapeutic methods, including but not limited to oncolytic virus therapies, T-cell therapies and cancer vaccines, are based on the body's ability to recognize mutated antigen peptides presented on the cell surface by MCH-receptors (also known as HLA-receptors in humans) and the disposal of the malignant cells by cytotoxic T-cells. (helsinki.fi)

Southern blot hybridization and rolling circle amplification showed the episomal viral genome in the tumors. (cdc.gov)
Inoculation with a high dose strains of LMP1 transgenic mice vide a powerful tool in mechanistic of EBV caused a B-cell lymphopro- were established that express LMP1 studies on the role of individual viral liferative disorder in these mice, under the control of the immunoglob- genes in cancer. (who.int)
genic models are inadequate for number of activated CD8-positive T LMP1 was strongly expressed in the understanding the cancer etiology in cells increased considerably in the lymphoma tissues but was hardly the context of natural viral infection. (who.int)

Since then, it has been referred to as cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma, small cell tumor of the skin, primary undifferentiated carcinoma of the skin, anaplastic carcinoma of the skin, murky cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor of the skin, or cutaneous APUDoma (a tumor composed of cells with amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation [APUD] cytochemical properties). (medscape.com)

Monoclonal antibodies are used to detect serum antigens associated with specific malignancies. (aafp.org)
Since then, several antibodies targeting another coinhibitory receptor, the programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1, best known as PD-1) or its main ligand CD274 (best known as PD-L1), have been approved for the treatment of multiple cancers ( 2 ). (aacrjournals.org)
Results: No evidence of autoantibody production characteristic of paraneoplastic pemphigus was found, and antibodies reactive with basal cell keratinocytes were not detected. (psu.edu)
The characteristics of this response would include production of neutralizing antibodies, generation of a T-cell response, and avoidance of immune-enhanced disease4. (who.int)

The cytotoxic T cell-cognate antigen interaction forms the mechanistic basis for immune-mediated recognition and the killing of malignant cells. (aacrjournals.org)

Studies reliant on molecular detection of tumor-associated virus in isolation, however extensive, are inconclusive because association between PyVs and naturally occurring neoplasms varies and because PyV infections are highly prevalent, yet tumor formation is rare ( 3 , 4 , 12 - 14 ). (cdc.gov)
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) account for less than 1% of GI tumors, but they are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the GI tract. (medscape.com)
Meningiomas, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), are "meningothelial (arachnoid) cell neoplasms, typically attached to the inner surface of the dura mater," and these tumors fall into WHO grades I, II, and III. (medscape.com)
In the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lymphoid malignant neoplasms, the diagnostic entity termed blastic NK-cell tumors has been proposed for tumors satisfying the diagnostic criteria for CD4/CD56 HN. (medscape.com)
Cite this: Blastic NK-Cell Lymphomas (Agranular CD4+CD56+ Hematodermic Neoplasms) - Medscape - May 01, 2005. (medscape.com)

Co-labeling studies identified the cells as neurons, reactive astrocytes, and, rarely, the multinucleated giant cells of HIV encephalitis. (nih.gov)
2] The arachnoid cells have several proposed functions, including acting as a structural barrier with cellular wrapping/ensheathing, acting as a conduit for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage/absorption into dural sinuses/veins (arachnoid villi), epithelial-like/secretory functions, monocytelike functions, trophic support and byproduct detoxification for glial and neuronal cells, and participation in reactive/reparative processes. (medscape.com)

Departing from Condeelis' theme is the talk by Dr. Christopher Contag, who used real-time whole-body tracing to track the synergistic tumor-killing activity of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells and oncolytic vaccinia virus (vv) in a mouse xenograft model of ovarian cancer. (science20.com)
Histopathologic analysis of the immuno-PET-positive lymph nodes revealed the presence of grossly metastasized ovarian cancer cells within the lymphoid tissues. (snmjournals.org)
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) comprises the major malignant histotype (70%) of epithelial ovarian cancers and bears a molecular signature in the overexpression of MUC16/cancer antigen 125 (CA125), a serum biomarker for ovarian cancer ( 3 ). (snmjournals.org)

Expression of two additional candidate genes, S100A6 and S100A4 on chromosome 1q have also been found to correspond to supratentorial tumor development and tumors occurring before the age of 3 years old, though it is unclear exactly what role these genes play in the etiology. (wikipedia.org)
The genes that have been identified to date have been categorized into two broad categories, depending on their normal functions in the cell. (cancerquest.org)
Genes whose protein products stimulate or enhance the division and viability of cells. (cancerquest.org)
This first category also includes genes that contribute to tumor growth by inhibiting cell death. (cancerquest.org)
Genes whose protein products can directly or indirectly prevent cell division or lead to cell death. (cancerquest.org)
The genes in the second group are called tumor suppressors. (cancerquest.org)
Many of these genes are responsible for providing the positive signals that lead to cell division. (cancerquest.org)
As stated in the introduction to this section, the defective versions of these genes, known as oncogenes, can cause a cell to divide in an unregulated manner. (cancerquest.org)
Despite the differences in their normal roles, these genes all contribute to unregulated cell division if they are present in a mutant (oncogenic) form. (cancerquest.org)

Cancer cells acquire genetic heterogeneity to escape from immune surveillance during tumor evolution, but a systematic approach to distinguish driver from passenger mutations is lacking. (nature.com)
Neoantigens arise from amino acid changes encoded by somatic mutations in the tumor cell and have the potential to bind to and be presented by personal HLA molecules. (aacrjournals.org)

Expression of neoantigens alone is insufficient without cross-presentation by antigen presenting cells in the appropriate cytokine milieu. (biomedcentral.com)

RR CC was named for its morphologic resemblance to pediatric malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) of the kidney, which is a highly aggressive tumor characterized by cells that resemble rhabdomyoblasts and by genetic alterations involving chromosome 22, particularly the hSNF5/INI1 gene on 22q11.2. (medscape.com)

Tumor cells were cultured in vitro with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, which stabilizes SLiPs and DRiPs, shunting proteins into the autophagy pathway [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
These in vitro, and their expression in these human tumour virus. (who.int)

Multiple studies have examined the issue of the optimal dose of radiotherapy in NSCLC but are complicated by the heterogeneity of the disease itself in terms of size and location of the primary tumor, number and size of involved lymph nodes, and the patient's comorbidities, all of which limit the treatment tolerability and risks. (frontiersin.org)
Delivery of tumoricidal doses to the primary tumor and involved lymph nodes is balanced by treatment-related toxicities, namely esophagitis, pneumonitis, and cardiac injury. (frontiersin.org)
One of the first molecules implicated in enhancement of distant metastasis after irradiation of the primary tumor was angiostatin, produced by the primary tumor and keeping metastasis dormant. (biomedcentral.com)
Elimination of the primary tumor, either by irradiation or by surgery, shifts the balance towards pro-angiogenesis and growth of the lung metastases (Table 1 ) (Camphausen et al. (biomedcentral.com)

Merkel cells are nondendritic, nonkeratinocytic epithelial cells located primarily in or near the basal layer of the epidermis. (medscape.com)

Therefore, our work highlights the therapeutic potential of vaccination-induced Trm cells to achieve potent protection against skin malignancies. (lifeboat.com)
Intradermal, but not intraperitoneal vaccination, generated memory precursors expressing skin-homing molecules in circulation and Trm cells in skin. (lifeboat.com)
We hypothesized that tumor and treatment-related immunosuppression can be depicted in peripheral blood, and that immune profiling prior to vaccination can help predict immunogenicity. (unav.edu)

Ex vivo analysis of tumors and lymph nodes was performed via autoradiography, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. (snmjournals.org)

Tetramer staining was performed to determine the frequency and avidity of CD8 + T cells targeting the tumor-specific epitope GSW11 and confirmed with tetramer competition assays. (bmj.com)
2. Interferon γ cytokine secretion was determined by ELISPOT to assess PBMC response against known antigens in a preliminary experiment to approximate usable range for the following antigen specific PBMC assays. (helsinki.fi)

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the ten most common cancers for men and women with an approximate 75% overall 5-year survival. (frontiersin.org)
High ERV-K env total protein expression of all tumor subtypes significantly correlated with low tumor grading and a longer disease specific survival using multivariable analyses. (frontiersin.org)
This study supports ERV-K env as a single prognostic indicator for better survival of RCC, which we propose represents a new tumor antigen. (frontiersin.org)
Although younger children and children with invasive tumor types generally experience less favorable outcomes, total removal of the tumors is the most conspicuous prognostic factor for both survival and relapse. (wikipedia.org)
For tumors resistant to radiation and for those animals unable to receive radiation therapy, systemic treatment with administration of chemotherapeutic agents, including melphalan, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, and glucocorticoids, have been recommended and have yielded long-term survival. (merckvetmanual.com)
To date, no tumor marker has demonstrated a survival benefit in randomized controlled trials of screening in the general population. (aafp.org)
Treatment for FL includes successive lines of therapy that unfortunately result in progressively shorter periods of disease-free survival followed by the development of either chemo-refractory disease, large cell transformation or death from treatment-related toxicities ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
High serum level of CA125 is used as an indicator of tumor abdominal involvement, advanced staging, relapse rates and survival in NHL patients ( 8 - 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
CVID is a complex and heterogeneous disease in which defects in B-cell survival, number of circulating Cd27+ memory B-cells, B-cell activation after antigen receptor cross-linking, T-cell signaling and cytokine expression have been observed. (lu.se)

Furthermore, the study characterized an RTX variant, named NAV‑006 (RTX‑N109D), which was more refractory to the immunosuppressive effects mediated by CA125 as evidenced by its reduced CA125 interaction and increased activity of ADCC and CDC when compared with parent RTX. (spandidos-publications.com)

A ) Regimen of thermal ablation in mice orthotopically transplanted with neu deletion line (NDL) tumor biopsies in the fourth and ninth mammary fat pad. (jci.org)
One exception is hu- humanized SCID mice, the use of al oncogenic viruses that are strictly man T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 surrogate hosts has not proven very species-specific, causing cancer in (HTLV-1): in addition to its ability to useful for defining tumour site con- humans only. (who.int)

D ) Thermally ablated tumors exhibited a transient suppression in growth compared with ( E ) contralateral and ( F ) NT control tumors. (jci.org)

This mechanism of action may be instrumental to the efficacy of AFM24, especially in macrophage-rich tumors," wrote the study authors. (onclive.com)
Rapid clearance and reduced cell entry thus lead to decreased amount of oncolytic adenovirus in target cells and decreased efficacy. (helsinki.fi)
There was no evidence of efficacy in this small poor-prognosis patient population, with treatment not feasible. (biomedcentral.com)

Treatment of syngeneic tumors resulted in CD8 and PD-L1-dependent tumor rejection or growth inhibition and a reduction in myeloid cells endogenously expressing high levels of PD-L1. (elifesciences.org)
Here we investigate the impact of different immune pressure on tumor clonal dynamics and immune evasion mechanism, by combining massive parallel sequencing of immune edited tumors and CRISPR library screens in syngeneic mouse tumor model and co-culture system. (nature.com)

A useful analogy to consider when thinking about tumor suppressors and oncogenes is an automobile. (cancerquest.org)
In normal cells, both internal and external signals control the activity of the oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
We have two copies of each gene and for oncogenes, a single defective copy is enough to cause a cell to divide. (cancerquest.org)
Some proto-oncogenes work to regulate cell death. (cancerquest.org)
The proto-oncogenes that have been identified so far have many different functions in the cell. (cancerquest.org)

In France, the mean age of cats developing a fibrosarcoma is 9.6 years within a large interval of 3.2-16 years (95% confidence interval), which is little typical of spontaneous tumors. (vin.com)

Tetravalent, bispecific innate cell engager (ICE®) AFM24 enhances macrophage mediated tumor cell phagocytosis. (onclive.com)

Tumorspheres with radial glial characteristics form tumors in orthotopic mouse xenografts, suggesting radial glial as cell of origin for ependymomas. (wikipedia.org)

Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. (ersjournals.com)
The current standard of care for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) includes radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery in certain individualized cases. (frontiersin.org)
Approximately 80-90% of newly diagnosed lung cancers are classified as NSCLC, primarily consisting of adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or large cell carcinoma histologies. (frontiersin.org)
The relationship between operative invasiveness and the prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who have undergone surgery has been controversial. (researchsquare.com)
Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been widely adopted and the advantages of the VATS approach have been reported [1-7]. (researchsquare.com)
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cancer killer worldwide [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy17

Organisms10

Diseases56

Chemicals and Drugs96

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment42

Phenomena and Processes39

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care6

Microenvironment13

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Immunity11

Progression6

Macrophages20

Immunogenic4

Dendritic cells8

Proliferation12

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Metastatic13

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Self-antigens5

Suppressor4

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Prostate-specifi2

Tissue10

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Vaccine7

Lymphocytes2

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Induces2

Responses15

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Immune response5

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Pathways5

Recurrence4

Melanoma4

Mechanisms4

Clinical14

Receptors3

Viral3

Cutaneous neuroendocrine1

Antibodies4

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Reactive2

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Genes9

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Mice2

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Efficacy3

Syngeneic2

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Spontaneous1

Macrophage1

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NSCLC6