Cells during cloning. Medical search. Frequent questions

In humans, a major roadblock in achieving successful SCNT leading to embryonic stem cells has been the fact that human SCNT embryos fail to progress beyond the eight-cell stage. (news-medical.net)
They derived several human embryonic stem cell lines from these cloned embryos whose DNA was an exact match to the adult cell that donated the DNA. (news-medical.net)
No persuasive reason exist for cloning save for genetic determinists who believe an organism is nothing more than the sum total of its genetic make-up and that it is their right to exploit cloned human embryos for spare body parts. (biosafety-info.net)
Pro-cloning forces have been working hard to convince state governments to pass constitutional amendments enshrining a "right" to clone and to destroy embryos for research. (flfamily.org)
The somatic cell and the oocyte is then fused (f) and the embryos is allowed to develop to a blastocyst in vitro (g). (biomedcentral.com)
Currently, the efficiency for nuclear transfer is between 0-10%, i.e., 0-10 live births after transfer of 100 cloned embryos. (biomedcentral.com)
Researchers there are working on technology that induces human skin cells to change into the kind of stem cells that have been created by embryos. (cbc.ca)
Some argue that the possibility of mimicking stem cells without acquiring them from embryos, side-steps that moral dilemma. (cbc.ca)
Embryonic stem cells come from embryos, embryonic germ cells from testes, and adult stem cells can come from bone marrow. (cbc.ca)
This new method of generating stem cells does not require embryos as starting points and could be used to generate cells from many adult tissues, such as a patient's own skin cells,' said principal author Andras Nagy, senior investigator at Mount Sinai's Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute. (cbc.ca)
Embryonic stem cell research "uses special cells found in three-to-five day old human embryos to seek cures for a host of chronic disease" (PRC). (ipl.org)

The therapeutic potential of cloned human cells has been demonstrated by another study using human oocytes to reprogram adult cells of a type 1 diabetic. (news-medical.net)
Although attempts have not yet been made to create a therapeutic transplant from embryonic stem cells, the methods have been developed to allow the creation of functional, mature cells using human cell cloning technology. (news-medical.net)
Is so-called 'therapeutic' human cloning really necessary? (biosafety-info.net)
The heated debate in our society over reproductive cloning, as well as therapeutic cloning to obtain embryonic stem cells, has been fueled by misconceptions and hyperbole on both sides. (flfamily.org)
In therapeutic cloning, the blastocyst is not transferred to a womb. (eurostemcell.org)
Another long-term hope for therapeutic cloning is that it could be used to generate cells that are genetically identical to a patient. (eurostemcell.org)
To date, no human embryonic stem cell lines have been derived using therapeutic cloning, so both these possibilities remain very much in the future. (eurostemcell.org)
Following our previous description of the serotonin transporter (SERT) acting as a conduit to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-mediated apoptosis, specifically in Burkitt's lymphoma, we now detail its expression among a broad spectrum of B cell malignancy, while exploring additional SERT substrates for potential therapeutic activity. (erowid.org)
From the ethical point of view, so-called therapeutic cloning is even more serious. (archdiocese-no.org)
Therapeutic cloning, which creates embryonic stem cells . (medlineplus.gov)
5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)

To clone a human CTR (hCTR), a BIN-67 cDNA library was screened using a cDNA probe from a porcine renal CTR (pCTR) that we recently cloned. (jci.org)
Transfection of this cDNA into COS cells resulted in expression of receptors with high affinity for salmon CT (Kd = approximately 0.44 nM) and for human CT (Kd = approximately 5.4 nM). (jci.org)
The cloned cDNA encodes a putative peptide of 490 amino acids with seven potential transmembrane domains. (jci.org)
Many of the novel cDNA sequences that were highly represented in the library showed a relative specificity to β-cells compared with other tissues, including glucagonoma, liver, kidney, brain, 3T3 fibroblasts, and AtT20 corticotrophs, and warrant further investigation. (diabetesjournals.org)
The products in this section are designed for molecular cloning of cDNA, gene, PCR fragments (up to 15kb) and also the construction of libraries for much larger fragments (up to 40kb) such as fosmids. (cambio.co.uk)
Our Stellar Competent Cells can be used in a wide variety of applications-from preparation of cDNA and genomic libraries to construction of longer-length genomic libraries, subcloning, and even methylated DNA cloning. (takarabio.com)
First, a full-length functional ZIKV cDNA clone was engineered as a bacterial artificial chromosome, with each reporter gene under the cap-independent translational control of a cardiovirus-derived internal ribosome entry site inserted downstream of the single open reading frame of the viral genome. (mdpi.com)
cDNA encoding variable regions could be amplified from single hybridoma cells isolated by micromanipulation. (lu.se)

When genome editing induces a phenotypic alteration that is detectable by fluorescence (i.e., cell-surface expression of a target that can be non-lethally assessed with fluorescently labeled antibody), FACS provides a method of enriching edited cells 9 , narrowing the number of clones to propagate and analyze. (nature.com)
DANVERS, MA (PRWEB) - June 22, 2018 Cell Signaling Technology (CST), a leading provider of antibodies, kits, and services announced that two of its antibody clones, ALK (D5F3®) and ROS1 (D4D6®), were featured in an article authored by the Tumor Biomarker Experts of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology. (cellsignal.com)
The ALK (D5F3®) and ROS1 (D4D6®) antibody clones recognize both the normal protein and the oncogenic fusion proteins and are therefore important tools for preliminarily identifying patients that may benefit from treatment with first-line or second-line drugs that specifically inhibit the activity of the fusion proteins. (cellsignal.com)
T-cells play a crucial role in the immune response to pathogens by mediating antibody formation and clearance of infected cells, and by defining an overall response strategy. (elifesciences.org)
This approach will permit analysis of B cell clonal ontogeny, antibody diversity and lymphoma cell progression and heterogeneity. (lu.se)
in which abnormal plasma cells multiply and produce excessive amounts of an antibody that damages organs. (msdmanuals.com)

One cloning technology that has been developed for mammalian and human cells is somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (news-medical.net)
SCNT is a method of cloning mammalian cells that can be used to create personalized embryonic stem cells from an adult animal or human. (news-medical.net)
Cloning by nuclear transfer using mammalian somatic cells has enormous potential application. (biomedcentral.com)
Mammalian cell culture is and will remain the principle vehicle for protein production in upstream manufacturing, according to Florian Wurm, Ph.D., professor of biochemistry at the University of Lausanne and founder of ExcellGene . (genengnews.com)
Dr. Wurm reported that 70% of the $20-billion to $30-billion annual bioproducts inventory is generated with mammalian cells, and the gap separating them from other approaches (yeast, bacteria, baculovirus, transgenic plants, and animals) is only growing wider. (genengnews.com)
We anticipate that mammalian cells will continue to dominate bioproduction for the next 10 years as new technologies carry the process forward. (genengnews.com)

This has led to a lot of interest in SCNT, which is best known as the method used to pioneer whole animal cloning technology, such as Dolly the sheep. (news-medical.net)
A ovelha Dolly, produzida em 1996, foi o primeiro clone de um animal adulto mas várias outras espécies foram clonados desde então, incluindo cães e gatos. (jove.com)
Cloning, or somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), is the technique used to produce Dolly the sheep, the first animal to be produced as a genetic copy of another adult. (eurostemcell.org)
To produce Dolly, the cloned blastocyst was transferred into the womb of a recipient ewe, where it developed and when born quickly became the world's most famous lamb. (eurostemcell.org)
The most famous clone was a Scottish sheep named Dolly. (medlineplus.gov)

Genes known to be highly expressed in β-cells were represented at a high frequency, namely insulin (15 of 80 clones), islet amyloid polypeptide (8 of 80 clones), proinsulin convertase 1 (6 of 80 clones), and neuropeptide Y (2 of 80 clones). (diabetesjournals.org)
The cloned genes in these vectors are not expected to express themselves at the transcription or translation level. (biologyexams4u.com)
But previous approaches required the use of viruses to deliver the four genes needed to activate the cell and accomplish that task. (cbc.ca)
The approach was applied to five different hybridomas producing human monoclonal antibodies and variable regions for both bold gamma and mu heavy chain and kappa and lambda light chain genes were successfully cloned. (lu.se)
While the transfer of already existing genes from one cell to another characterized an earlier phase of the field of biotechnology, synthetic biology involves the design, assembly, synthesis, or manufacture of new genomes, biological pathways, devices or organisms not found in nature. (cdc.gov)
A second capability of synthetic biology involves the re-design of existing genes, cells or organisms for the purpose of gene therapy. (cdc.gov)
Modification of existing genes in living animal and human cells is enabled by engineered nucleases such as meganucleases, zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector-based nucleases, and the CRISPR-Cas system. (cdc.gov)

Cloning, characterization, and expression of a human calcitonin receptor from an ovarian carcinoma cell line. (jci.org)
Generation and characterization of infectious molecular clones of transmitted/founder HIV-1 subtype C viruses. (harvard.edu)

Despite improvements in the CRISPR molecular toolbox, identifying and purifying properly edited clones remains slow, laborious, and low-yield. (nature.com)
So that it features which are useful for molecular cloning experiments. (biologyexams4u.com)
To our knowledge, this is the first report on the molecular cloning of an oxytocin/vasopressin-like receptor and its ligand from arthropods. (lu.se)
1990. Cell replication and unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) activity of low molecular weight chlorinated paraffins in the rat liver in vivo. (cdc.gov)

Cell engineering through gene editing is fundamentally a two-step bioprocess. (nature.com)
corresponding to the copy number of each gene in each clone. (github.com)
2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)
This E. coli HST08 strain provides high transformation efficiency and since these cells lack the gene cluster for cutting foreign methylated DNA ( mrr-hsdRMS-mcrBC and mcrA ), they are very useful for cloning methylated DNA. (takarabio.com)
The cells can also be used for blue/white screening (i.e., alpha-complementation) when transformed with vectors containing the lacZ alpha gene. (takarabio.com)
Stellar Competent Cells lack the gene cluster for cutting foreign methylated DNA ( mrr-hsdRMS-mcrBC and mcrA ), and are therefore useful for cloning methylated DNA. (takarabio.com)
Every time that you are cloning a different enzyme or gene, you might have to use a different pair of restriction sites," he said. (genomeweb.com)
Any DNA molecule that has the ability to replicate inside the host to which the desired gene is integrated for cloning- include plasmids, bacteriophages, cosmids, BAC, yeast vectors, shuttle vectors etc. (biologyexams4u.com)

By transferring adult cell DNA into an embryonic stem cell, it is possible to create a line of immortal embryonic cells that are able to develop into any type of adult cell, genetically identical to the donor. (news-medical.net)
We tested whether the cloned dogs were genetically identical by microsatellite analysis of genomic DNA from the donor Afghan, the cloned dogs and the surrogates (see supplementary information ). (nature.com)
Analysis of eight canine-specific microsatellite loci confirmed that the cloned dogs were genetically identical to their donor dog. (nature.com)
A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. (harvard.edu)
Sobel and BioHarvest insist that the cells are not genetically engineered, and that they're identical to cells found on living plants. (hightimes.com)
These stem cells are genetically matched to the donor organism, holding promise for studying genetic disease. (eurostemcell.org)
Somatic cell cloning (cloning or nuclear transfer) is a technique in which the nucleus (DNA) of a somatic cell is transferred into an enucleated metaphase-II oocyte for the generation of a new individual, genetically identical to the somatic cell donor (Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
The resulting group of genetically identical cells (called a clone) produces a large quantity. (msdmanuals.com)

When the cloning process is used in this way, to produce a living duplicate of an existing animal, it is commonly called reproductive cloning. (eurostemcell.org)
In most countries, it is illegal to attempt reproductive cloning in humans. (eurostemcell.org)
2. Over the years, the international community has tried without success to build a consensus on an international convention against the reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
3. Creating awareness among ministries of health in the African Region will provide them with critical and relevant information on the reproductive cloning of human beings and its implications to the health status of the general population. (who.int)
7. The WHO Regional Committee for Africa is invited to review this document for information and guidance concerning reproductive cloning of human beings. (who.int)
3. Media reports on nuclear transfer are usually about one form, reproductive nuclear transfer, also known as reproductive cloning of human beings . (who.int)
Some, however, consider that reproductive cloning could be acceptable in certain cases, such as otherwise untreatable infertility, or to avoid inherited genetic diseases. (who.int)
Some also perceive reproductive cloning as a high-technology intervention of little relevance to the health needs of the vast majority of the world's population. (who.int)

Such an expansion is said to be "monoclonal", and monoclonal antibodies produced by such a group of B cells can cause illnesses such as amyloidosis and lupus, or can be indicative of an underlying malignancy. (wikipedia.org)
Monoclonal Anti-MUC1 (mouse IgG1 isotype) is derived from the hybridoma 1D1 produced by the fusion of mouse myeloma cells and splenocytes from BALB/c mice immunized with semi-purified MUC1 from pleural effusion of a breast cancer patient. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Between Oct. 1, 1997, and Jan. 5 the man "manufactured approximately 321 cloned phones by transferring illegally obtained/stolen cell phone numbers into cellular phones supplied by customers," charges filed in 3rd District Court say.The man then sold the cloned phones back to the customers, the charges state. (deseret.com)
WHA50.37 of 1997 argues that human cloning is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)
Before the announcement in February 1997 of the cloning of a sheep by somatic cell nuclear transfer, existing legislation in a number of countries already precluded human cloning for reproductive purposes, sometimes implicitly. (who.int)

Kits are available with both electrocompetent and chemically competent cells. (cambio.co.uk)

The adult cell nuclei were transferred into metaphase-II stage human oocytes, producing a karyotypically normal diploid embryonic stem cell line from each of the adult male donor cells. (news-medical.net)
Dr. George Daley of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute and NBC science correspondent Robert Bazell discuss the significance, legality, and ethics of new developments in embryonic stem cell cloning. (charlierose.com)
Political scientist Sheila Jasanoff discusses Senator Bill Frist's support of a bill funding stem cell research. (charlierose.com)
As part of Charlie's ongoing Science Series, co-host Sir Paul Nurse and a panel of scientists tackle the controversial subject of stem cell research. (charlierose.com)
Catholic teaching on difficult issues, like stem cell research and cloning, must be understood in order to recognize and respect all human life. (catholicscomehome.org)
Moreover, even when high-purity single-cell sorting can be achieved, viability after sorting is often low to moderate, especially for cell types that are particularly sensitive to hydrodynamic stress or low-density culture conditions (e.g., primary cells or pluripotent stem cell lines). (nature.com)
Colorimetric Barcoding to Track, Isolate, and Analyze Hematopoietic Stem Cell Clones. (harvard.edu)
Paul Wagle, M.A., discusses his experience with a life-saving adult stem cell treatment, and the importance of promoting ethical approaches to medical research. (flfamily.org)
When People Say: "Embryonic stem cell research is. (christianliferesources.com)
What is cloning, and what does it have to do with stem cell research? (eurostemcell.org)
This form of cloning is unrelated to stem cell research. (eurostemcell.org)
Often aborted babies are harvested for Stem Cell Research. (archdiocese-no.org)
Learn about the different kinds and functions of stem cells, and about the medical possibilities and controversies surrounding stem cell research. (bioedonline.org)
In December 1999, the editors of Science, the journal devoted to scientific and medical matters, called stem cell research the 'Breakthrough of the Year. (cbc.ca)
Since then, there has been a flurry of announcements about developments in stem cell research and hints of promising treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and cancer. (cbc.ca)
In May 2007, Ontario and California announced a $30-million stem cell research deal aimed at finding new therapies for those diseases. (cbc.ca)
Ontario and California together account for about 70 per cent of the stem cell research currently conducted in North America. (cbc.ca)
Some of that money would be aimed at turning the state into the second-largest stem cell research region in the United States. (cbc.ca)
However, researchers at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute say reprogrammed cells won't eliminate the need or value of studying embryonic stem cells. (cbc.ca)
STEM CELL RESEARCH is a very controversial topic in today's time. (ipl.org)
Stem cell research is not worth supporting. (ipl.org)
Advocates of stem cell research believe that the cells are not equivalent to human life because it is inside the womb even facing the fact that the start of a human life is in the moment of conception. (ipl.org)
In fact to get a embryonic stem cell a human embryo has to be disassembled. (ipl.org)
In recent years, several competing viewpoints have emerged about embryonic stem cell research. (ipl.org)
All of this debate raises an important question, Should embryonic stem cell research be conducted for treatment of present and future diseases? (ipl.org)
People who believe that an embryo should not be destroyed tend to say that embryonic stem cell research should not be conducted. (ipl.org)
On the other hand, people who believe that embryonic stem cell research creates means of curing diseases reply that the research should be conducted. (ipl.org)
Embryonic stem cell transplants have been an ethical, social, and legal controversy since the first successful transplant of human stem cells in 1998. (ipl.org)
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved omidubicel-onlv (Omisirge) for reducing infections and hastening neutrophil recovery for blood cancer patients aged 12 years and older who are undergoing allogeneic umbilical cord blood stem cell transplants. (medscape.com)
Hastening the return of the body's white blood cells can reduce the possibility of serious or overwhelming infection associated with stem cell transplantation," Peter Marks, MD, PhD, director of the FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, said in an agency press release . (medscape.com)
Abbey Jenkins, president and CEO of Gamida, called the approval "a major advancement in the treatment of patients with hematologic malignancies that we believe may increase access to stem cell transplant and help improve patient outcomes. (medscape.com)
Adverse events are consistent with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation . (medscape.com)
Cite this: FDA OKs Stem Cell Therapy to Reduce Infection Risk in Blood Cancer Patients - Medscape - Apr 18, 2023. (medscape.com)
Stem Cell Reports. (lu.se)

Human cloning is intrinsically illicit in that, by taking the ethical negativity of techniques of artificial fertilization to their extreme, it seeks to give rise to a new human being without a connection to the act of reciprocal self-giving between the spouses and, more radically, without any link to sexuality. (archdiocese-no.org)
It reports on implementation of resolution WHA50.37 concerning ethical, scientific and social implications of cloning in human health. (who.int)
Resolution WHA50.37 requested the Director-General to clarify the potential applications of cloning procedures in human health and their ethical, scientific and social implications. (who.int)
In terms of existing ethical guidelines for biomedical research involving human subjects, human cloning for reproductive purposes raises concerns about risk in relation to benefit, informed consent, and accountability. (who.int)

Clone (cell biology) Nossal, G. J. V. & Lederberg, J. (1958). (wikipedia.org)
Biology plays a dominant role in cell performance," Dr. Wurm added, believing that the karyotypic makeup of the transfected cell lines needs to be carefully monitored during expansion. (genengnews.com)
To understand the etiology of osteopetrosis, it is very essential to understand the bone-remodeling cycle and the cell biology of osteoclasts. (medscape.com)
In 1999, Baron clearly and concisely reviewed the cell biology of the bone remodeling. (medscape.com)
Synthetic biology is playing an increasing role in the commercial bioeconomy as providers of biological designs, optimized biological molecules, laboratory suppliers of customer-specified DNA, RNA, enzymes and cell-cloning services, and in drug development. (cdc.gov)

Renegade T cell clones and autoimmune disease. (harvard.edu)
Current data suggest that oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease in which autocytotoxic CD8 + T cells trigger the apoptosis of oral epithelial cells. (medscape.com)

Retrieved on December 04, 2023 from https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/Cloning-Human-Cells.aspx. (news-medical.net)

In lymphocytic neoplastic diseases such as multiple myeloma and lymphoma, but also other illnesses, there can be a massive expansion of a single B-cell clone, detectable by measuring the excessively-produced antibodies, measured in a serum protein electrophoresis test or peripheral blood flow cytometry. (wikipedia.org)
A majority of neoplastic clones were sensitive to one or more of the serotonergic compounds. (erowid.org)

The specificity of T-cells is determined by the T-cell receptor (TCR), a heterodimer of alpha and beta protein chains. (elifesciences.org)
This complex of mb-1 and B29 polypeptides and immunoglobulin constitute the B cell Ag receptor. (neobiotechnologies.com)

Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (harvard.edu)
The most important requirement for recombinant DNA technology is the cloning vector and expression vectors. (biologyexams4u.com)

Cloning of human cells is a technology that holds the potential to cure many diseases and provide a source of exactly matched transplant tissues and organs. (news-medical.net)
They are in an early stage of development and have the ability to become any type of cell to form skin, bones, organs or other body parts. (cbc.ca)

After many divisions in culture, this single cell forms a blastocyst (an early stage embryo with about 100 cells) with almost identical DNA to the original donor who provided the adult cell - a genetic clone. (eurostemcell.org)
If cloning were to be done for reproduction, this would impose on the resulting individual a predetermined genetic identity, subjecting him - as has been stated - to a form of biological slavery, from which it would be difficult to free himself. (archdiocese-no.org)
When combined with functional or immunological screening procedures, the approach will be useful for the isolation of β-cell-specific molecules for immunological and genetic investigations of β-cell function and pathology. (diabetesjournals.org)
Cloning describes the processes used to create an exact genetic replica of another cell, tissue or organism. (medlineplus.gov)
The copied material, which has the same genetic makeup as the original, is referred to as a clone. (medlineplus.gov)
A clone is an organism that is a genetic copy of an existing one. (who.int)
Our Stellar Competent Cells (dam−/dcm−) are generated from an E. coli HST04 strain that lacks the genetic factors ( dam and dcm ) necessary for the methylation of DNA. (takarabio.com)
Cloning vectors (Cloning vehicles) are used for creating genomic libraries, preparing probes, genetic engineering, or other basic studies. (biologyexams4u.com)

This product is not a suitable cloning host, so for transformation, it is highly recommended to use this product for constructing plasmids as mentioned above. (takarabio.com)
Assuming a few years to find suitable mammoth DNA and adapt Wakayama's techniques for this experiment, and 600 days of gestation once the clone is implanted in an adult African elephant, we could have a mammoth birth in five years or so. (singularityhub.com)
That life may not even be worth it because it takes multiple tries before the stem cells are even suitable for use in medical treatments. (ipl.org)
Dr. Krol will discuss his progress developing a single-cell cloning process suitable for manufacturing clinical-grade iPS cells with adherence to cGMP regulations, concentrating on automated single-cell dispensing and culture protocol optimization. (cytena.com)
The authors conclude that the Alamar- blue assay employing the NCTC-clone-929 subclone A12 is effective in the quantitation of low levels of TNF, particularly when a suitable immunoassay is unavailable. (cdc.gov)

The difference in transformation efficiencies of the competent cells was particularly prominent when cloning 20 kb fragments. (takarabio.com)
Cloning vectors are used for obtaining millions of copies of the cloned DNA fragments. (biologyexams4u.com)
A vector used to clone DNA fragments of 100-300 kb insert size in E.coli cells. (biologyexams4u.com)

Localized heterochrony integrates overgrowth potential of oncogenic clones. (harvard.edu)
ALK and ROS act as oncogenic fusion partners to an array of proteins and have been identified as tumor drivers in non-small cell lung carcinomas. (cellsignal.com)

Successful somatic-cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) depends on the quality, availability and maturation of the animal's unfertilized oocytes. (nature.com)
Figure 1: Dog cloned by somatic-cell nuclear transfer. (nature.com)
Because cattle are a species widely used for nuclear transfer studies, and more laboratories have succeeded in cloning cattle than any other specie, this review will be focused on somatic cell cloning of cattle. (biomedcentral.com)

The resulting diverse naïve repertoire contains T-cell clones that recognize epitopes of yet unseen pathogens, and can participate in the immune response to infection or vaccination. (elifesciences.org)
Therefore, early in the formation of oral lichen planus lesions, CD8 + T cells may recognize an antigen associated with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I on keratinocytes. (medscape.com)

These developmental defects have been attributed to incomplete reprogramming of the somatic nuclei by the cloning process. (biomedcentral.com)

The rapidly emerging "regenerative" field of medicine is relying heavily on the use of ethically obtained stem cells. (flfamily.org)
WHA50.37, which states "the use of cloning for the replication of human individuals is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)

Here we describe the cloning of two Afghan hounds by nuclear transfer from adult skin cells into oocytes that had matured in vivo . (nature.com)
For example, stem cells could be generated using the nuclear transfer process described above, with the donor adult cell coming from a patient with diabetes or Alzheimer's. (eurostemcell.org)
Various strategies have been employed to modify donor cells and the nuclear transfer procedure in attempts to improve the efficiency of nuclear transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
Although the efficiency of nuclear transfer has been dramatically improved from the initial success rate of one live clone born from 277 embryo transfers [ 1 ], none of the aforementioned efforts abolished the common problems associated with nuclear transfer. (biomedcentral.com)

There are virtually no diploid cell lines used in bioprocessing today," Dr. Wurm continued, "and it's a good thing we didn't follow recommendations to use them that were current 20 years ago, as it would have set back the industry tremendously. (genengnews.com)

Indeed, this strategy has resulted in a 25-fold increase in cell density in cultures from 1986-2007. (genengnews.com)
Target cells were released from attachment, centrifuged, counted, and diluted to a density of 2x10(4) cells per well before a 24 hour incubation with TNF-alpha standards or unknowns. (cdc.gov)
Title : Objective Evaluation of Chondrocyte Density & Cloning after Joint Injury using Convolutional Neural Networks Personal Author(s) : Yang, Linjun;Martin, James A.;Brouillette, Marc J.;Buckwalter, Joseph A.;Goetz, Jessica E. (cdc.gov)

Some DNA differences result from the blunders during the DNA replication necessary for cell division. (cdc.gov)

As such, the discovery, which was published in the January 2001 issue of the journal EMBO Reports, could have implications for cloning and cancer in human beings. (harvard.edu)

Those were spindle removal, donor cell fusion, and cytoplast activation. (news-medical.net)
For SCNT, the chromosomes of the unfertilized canine oocytes were removed by micromanipulation, and a single donor cell was transferred into each enucleated oocyte. (nature.com)
A matured oocyte (c) is then enucleated (d) and a donor cell is transferred into the enucleated oocyte (e). (biomedcentral.com)

The process of immunological B-cell maturation involves transformation from an undifferentiated B cell to one that secretes antibodies with particular specificity. (wikipedia.org)
Ultraviolet radiation shapes dendritic cell leukaemia transformation in the skin. (harvard.edu)
Stellar Competent Cells are an E. coli HST08 strain that provides high transformation efficiency. (takarabio.com)
The high efficiency of Stellar Competent Cells was especially noticeable in the transformation of 10 kb and 20 kb plasmids. (takarabio.com)
Stellar Competent Cells provided the highest transformation efficiencies for all the ligation reaction mixtures tested. (takarabio.com)

But SCNT can also be used to clone human cells for transplant or other therapies. (news-medical.net)
This was the first successful reprogramming of human somatic cells into embryonic stem cells using a cloning technique, SCNT. (news-medical.net)
Another successful attempt at human SCNT was made using cells from two adult males. (news-medical.net)
Embora os clones possam ser produzidos dividindo um embrião inicial-semelhante ao que acontece naturalmente com gémeos idênticos-a clonagem de animais adultos geralmente é feita por um processo chamado transferência nuclear de células somáticas (SCNT). (jove.com)

Researchers hope to use these cells to grow healthy tissue to replace injured or diseased tissues in the human body. (medlineplus.gov)
To do cloning in higher organisms you have to understand how tissues form," said Shi. (harvard.edu)

An improved tumor necrosis factor (TNF) bioassay using an isolated subclone from the murine fibroblastoid NCTC-clone-929 cell line and a new fluorescence indicator system for detecting target cell viability was described. (cdc.gov)

Cells are collected from donor (a) and cultured in vitro (b). (biomedcentral.com)
CHO cells have a highly variable and unstable karyotype, given that they are permanently transformed cells that have been cultured in vitro for decades. (genengnews.com)
[ 8 ] T cells in oral lichen planus contain mRNA for TNF and secrete TNF in vitro. (medscape.com)

Selection of edited cell clones currently relies on limiting dilution or fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-based single-cell sorting to isolate single cells. (nature.com)
As a consequence, investigators often need to isolate a large number of clones and then proceed with tedious and time-consuming efforts to expand all of them individually. (nature.com)

Using TCR alpha and beta repertoire sequencing for T-cell subsets, as well as single-cell RNAseq and TCRseq, we track the concentrations and phenotypes of individual T-cell clones in response to primary and secondary yellow fever immunization - the model for acute infection in humans - showing their large diversity. (elifesciences.org)

According to Hillson, the difficulty with traditional cloning approaches is that they aren't "standardized," which he argues would make things much easier and far less complicated. (genomeweb.com)

Cell Signaling Technology (CST) is a private, family-owned company, founded by scientists and dedicated to providing high quality research tools to the biomedical research community. (cellsignal.com)
1. Cloning is an umbrella term traditionally used by scientists to describe different processes for duplicating biological material. (who.int)
New techniques in cloning frozen mammals may allow scientists to bring back the mammoth. (singularityhub.com)
More than a decade after their first attempt, a team of Japanese scientists have announced that they will aim to clone a woolly mammoth in the next five years. (singularityhub.com)
As we recently discussed , scientists have been pursuing cloning endangered and extinct species with middling success. (singularityhub.com)
Scientists have been all abuzz in the last few years over stem cells - cellular magicians that promise to dazzle and amaze. (cbc.ca)
Scientists say embryonic stem cells are the most useful type because they have the potential to become any type of cell within the body. (cbc.ca)
Scientists are fascinated by the ability of stem cells to become any type of cell. (cbc.ca)

The cloning method is based on the fact that cytoplasmic factors in mature, metaphase II oocytes are able to reset the identity of a transplanted adult cell nucleus to an embryonic state. (news-medical.net)
In this procedure, the nucleus of an egg cell is removed and replaced by the nucleus of a cell from another adult. (eurostemcell.org)
After being inserted into the egg, the adult cell nucleus is reprogrammed by the host cell. (eurostemcell.org)

Using this method, single-clone editing efficiencies, including the rate of mono- and bi-allelic indels or precise nucleotide replacements, can be assessed within 10 days from Cas9 ribonucleoprotein introduction in cells. (nature.com)

Therefore, in a given cell, HDR-mediated editing might occur only on one allele while the other allele is either unedited or imprecisely edited by NHEJ-mediated repair. (nature.com)
It can also cause TAC in other conditions in which increased red cell production is necessary to maintain stable red cell indices, as may occur in anemia due to blood loss. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy15

Organisms18

Chemicals and Drugs38

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes66

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care1

Embryos11

Therapeutic11

CDNA8

Antibody6

Mammalian6

Dolly5

Genes7

Characterization2

Molecular4

Gene8

Genetically8

Reproductive Cloning8

Monoclonal2

19973

Chemically competent cells1

Stem Cell34

Ethical4

Biology5

Autoimmune disease2

20231

Neoplastic2

Receptor2

Recombinant2

Organs2

Genetic8

Suitable5

Fragments3

Oncogenic2

Somatic cell3

Recognize2

Nuclei1

Ethically2

Nuclear transfer4

Diploid1

Density3

Replication1

Human beings1

Donor cell3

Transformation5

SCNT4

Tissues2

Viability1

Vitro3

Isolate2

Humans1

Approaches1

Scientists8

Nucleus3

Efficiencies1

Occur2