• Enzymes and other biocatalysts are often considered as a third category. (wikipedia.org)
  • 3 Biocatalysts (GOx enzymes) are employed in enzyme fuel cells containing anodic (oxidation) and cathodic (reduction) chambers. (scielo.org.za)
  • The role of biofuel cells is to convert the chemical energy into electrical current using redox enzymes as biocatalysts. (science24.com)
  • Enzymes are cellular catalysts responsible for controlling thousands of reactions in the cell and increase the rate at which reactions occur. (commnet.eu)
  • Rational and evolutionary enzyme engineering approaches allow us to make novel enzymes or enzyme families fit for biocatalytic applications, as isolated enzymes or in whole-cell applications. (tugraz.at)
  • Biotechnological production of chemicals using enzymes coupled with the photosynthesis of microalgae is the topic of the new EU project PhotoBioCat. (tugraz.at)
  • Chemicals for polymers, cosmetics and medicines are being increasingly technologically produced using enzymes to accelerate reactions. (tugraz.at)
  • If enzymes are genetically introduced into cyanobacteria, thanks to their catalytic function they will drive the chemical reaction, thus rendering the expensive reducing equivalent superfluous. (tugraz.at)
  • Project leader Robert Kourist explains: "If the enzymes are coupled to the photosynthesis of the cyanobacteria, expensive waste and by-products can be avoided and the biotechnological production of chemicals becomes easier, faster and cheaper. (tugraz.at)
  • The photosynthesis coupling will be tried out with several enzymes, thus expanding the future range of producible chemicals. (tugraz.at)
  • Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts (biocatalysts). (dynamicboard.de)
  • Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts, which accelerate chemical reactions. (u-szeged.hu)
  • In nature, almost all the reactions in cells are catalyzed by cooperation of various enzymes and enzyme catalysis also has a primal role in biochemical industrial processes. (u-szeged.hu)
  • Enzymes, on the other hand, are sensitive biocatalysts that can partially or totally lose their enzymatic activity as a consequence of any major changes occurring in their surrounding environment. (u-szeged.hu)
  • Production of fuel ethanol, single-cell protein (SCP), feeds and fodder, industrial enzymes, and small molecular weight metabolites are all long-standing industrial operations employing S. cerevisae yeasts. (alliedacademies.org)
  • By exploiting versatile P450 enzymes, whole-cell biocatalysis can be performed to synthesize valuable compounds in Escherichia coli. (kaist.ac.kr)
  • Although immobilized enzymes and whole cells in batch systems are common, their continuous flow counterparts have grown rapidly over the past two years. (vapourtec.com)
  • This Review explores continuous flow biocatalysts with emphasis on new technology, enzymes, whole cells, co-factor recycling, and immobilization methods for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, value-added chemicals, and materials. (vapourtec.com)
  • Enzymes are biological catalysts (also known as biocatalysts) that speed up biochemical reactions in living organisms, and which can be extracted from cells and then used to catalyse a wide range of commercially important processes. (goodgraeff.com)
  • Enzymes are biological catalysts (also known as biocatalysts) that speed up biochemical reactions in living organisms….Enzymes are potent catalysts. (goodgraeff.com)
  • Enzymes are proteins that help speed up metabolism, or the chemical reactions in our bodies. (goodgraeff.com)
  • The biological processes that occur within all living organisms are chemical reactions, and most are regulated by enzymes. (goodgraeff.com)
  • Enzymes help speed up chemical reactions in the human body. (goodgraeff.com)
  • Enzymes are organic bio-molecules that catalyze the chemical reactions in biological system. (goodgraeff.com)
  • Enzymes are the molecule factories in biological cells. (sciencemission.com)
  • Enzymes are important biocatalysts in all living cells: They facilitate chemical reactions, through which all molecules important for the organism are produced from basic substances (substrates). (sciencemission.com)
  • Is generated from a living cell in a biological system, the chemical reaction rates so that the organic compound may take place at relatively low temperatures during the process itself enzymes apparently unchanged. (candle4tibet.org)
  • Extending the capabilities and uncovering the mechanisms of these new enzymes derived from natural iron-heme proteins provides a basis for discovering new biocatalysts for increasingly challenging reactions. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Enzymes used for industrial catalysis (also called biocatalysts) have to meet a great number of requirements. (lu.se)
  • From an industrial perspective, one well-designed enzyme or system of enzymes can be very attractive, as the final processing does not involve complete cells and can therefore be adapted relatively easily for use within the traditional chemical industry. (lu.se)
  • [6] Estimates are that 90% of all commercially produced chemical products involve catalysts at some stage in the process of their manufacture. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the catalyzed elementary reaction, catalysts do not change the extent of a reaction: they have no effect on the chemical equilibrium of a reaction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The effects of the catalysts' convective flux and proton concentration were modelled for an enzyme (glucose oxidase) biofuel cell that was fed glucose substrate at a current rate under isothermal physiological conditions. (scielo.org.za)
  • Here we aimed to investigate a hybrid catalytic model (biological and metal catalysts) where the biological catalyst can enhance the anode's open circuit voltage (OCV) by supplying free (solvated) electrons and protons 1 to optimize the metal's OCV for a fuel cell, which is also a nano-drug delivery system (NDDS). (scielo.org.za)
  • The aim of the proposed work is to enable a substantial increase in the rate and extent of the uptake of biocatalysis processes by industry, i.e. the use of biological catalysts to facilitate chemical reactions. (europa.eu)
  • Substances that slow a catalyst's effect in a chemical reaction are called inhibitors (or negative catalysts). (waystoworld.com)
  • Catalysts accelerate chemical reactions. (dynamicboard.de)
  • There are two types of biofuel cells: microbial-based and enzymatic bio-fuel-based. (electronicdesign.com)
  • Therefore, replacing the current chemical synthesis routes with bio-based processes including cell factories and chemo-enzymatic approaches will constitute a significant step towards a greener society. (dtu.dk)
  • The new four-year project will replace resource and energy-intensive chemical processes currently used in the cosmetic industry through discovering and optimising novel enzymatic biocatalysts. (commnet.eu)
  • The senior author says: "This will enable research and industry to narrow a large number of possible pairs down to the most promising, which they can then use for the enzymatic production of new drugs, chemicals or even biofuels. (sciencemission.com)
  • Non-Saccharomyces yeasts are increasingly being employed to express proteins, biocatalysts, and multi-enzyme pathways for the manufacture of fine chemicals and small molecular weight molecules with medicinal and nutritional value. (alliedacademies.org)
  • UBX1325 is designed to inhibit the function of proteins that senescent cells rely on for survival. (goodgraeff.com)
  • Abstract Starting from mature vegetable compost, four bac- the utilization of these bacteria as cell factories for upgrading terial strains were selected using a lignin-rich medium. (lu.se)
  • In general, chemical reactions occur faster in the presence of a catalyst because the catalyst provides an alternative reaction mechanism (reaction pathway) having a lower activation energy than the non-catalyzed mechanism. (wikipedia.org)
  • The second law of thermodynamics describes why a catalyst does not change the chemical equilibrium of a reaction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Photosynthesis is the basis of all plant life: plants use the chemical reaction chain to build biomass from carbon dioxide in the air and solar energy. (biooekonomie.de)
  • Unlike other reagents that participate in the chemical reaction, a catalyst is not consumed by the reaction itself. (waystoworld.com)
  • RESULTS: The reaction with 5 g/L 5-HMF using 2 g CDW/L recombinant cells in 10% dimethyl carbonate, pH 8.0 at 30 °C resulted in DHMF yield of 81.7% (0.41 mol/mol) at 1 h, and BHMF yield of 96.7% (0.49 mol/mol) at 72 h reaction time. (lu.se)
  • Similar to catalyst, an enzyme accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction and it is neither consumed nor changed in the reaction. (goodgraeff.com)
  • Physico-chemical parameters such as temperature (37°C), pH (7.0), agitation (200 rpm), substrate (5 mM) and cell mass concentrations (200 kg/m 3) and reaction time (3 h) were found optimum to enhance the bioconversion. (springeropen.com)
  • Various physico-chemical parameters of the biochemical reaction were optimized to enhance the yield of shikimic acid. (springeropen.com)
  • We envisaged Pt having a dual function: to power an NDDS (electroporation capability) as an active nanoparticle catalyst, and as Pt 2 +, to kill cancer and microbial cells with cytotoxicity properties. (scielo.org.za)
  • GOx (enzyme) is a natural catalyst that helps in speeding up chemical reactions without being used or depleted during the reactions. (scielo.org.za)
  • A catalyst may participate in multiple chemical transformations. (waystoworld.com)
  • Fed-batch biotransformation generated a maximum DHMF concentration of 53.0 g/L (or 26.5 g DHMF/g cell catalyst) with productivity of 10.6 g/L .h, after five feeds of 20 g/L 5-HMF. (lu.se)
  • An enzyme is a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms, regulating the rate at which chemical reactions proceed without itself being altered in the process. (goodgraeff.com)
  • The research will focus on the immobilisation/stabilisation techniques and will assess the enhancement in performance produced in the main target application of fine chemicals synthesis. (europa.eu)
  • This project is carried out with company partners at DSM Chemical Technology R&D B.V., Innovative Synthesis (Geleen, The Netherlands). (tugraz.at)
  • This project has been carried out in close collaboration with Prof. Helmut Schwab, Prof. Karl Gruber and company partners at DSM Chemical Technology R&D B.V., Innovative Synthesis (Geleen, The Netherlands) and DPx Fine Chemicals (Linz, Austria). (tugraz.at)
  • This project has been carried out in close collaboration with company partners at DSM Chemical Technology R&D B.V., Innovative Synthesis (Geleen, The Netherlands) and DPx Fine Chemicals (Linz, Austria). (tugraz.at)
  • In metabolic engineering, the overexpression of enzyme genes may fail to increase the production yield because cellular resources are excessively consumed for enzyme synthesis, resulting in decreased cell growth and thereby a decreased yield. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The continuous flow synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients, value-added chemicals, and materials has grown tremendously over the past ten years. (vapourtec.com)
  • PAA could be obtained by chemical synthesis from different substrates like benzyl chloride, benzyl cyanide, mandelic acid, or ethylbenzene (Giroux et al. (springeropen.com)
  • Biosynthesis in microbe cell factory has many advantages, compared with chemical synthesis or in vitro enzyme catalytic synthesis (Agapakis et al. (springeropen.com)
  • These new capabilities increase the scope of molecules and materials we can build using synthetic biology and move us closer to a sustainable world where chemical synthesis can be fully programmed in DNA. (cam.ac.uk)
  • This is possible with so-called synthetic mediators, small chemical mediator molecules. (biooekonomie.de)
  • Small molecules are manufactured chemically, but the larger ones are created by human cells, bacterial cells, yeast cells, and animal or plant cells. (biotechfront.com)
  • Our results enable completely new designs of biological solar cells, which - at least in theory - could significantly improve efficiency," explains Marc Nowaczyk from the University of Rostock. (biooekonomie.de)
  • The new EU-project OPTIBIOCAT aims to replace chemical techniques currently used for the production of cosmetics with energy-efficient and eco-friendly biocatalysts. (commnet.eu)
  • Microchannels or microchannel networks, which feature a substantially higher surface-area-to-volume ratio than conventional fuel cells, are used to feed the fuel and oxidant to the electrodes that ensure their quick and efficient transport to the electrode surface, increasing power production and efficiency. (openwetware.org)
  • DMC is on track to address two of the global challenges of our time: sustainably and affordably feeding a growing world population and reducing greenhouse gas emissions through efficient production of (bio)chemicals. (solvay.com)
  • The feasibility of a microfluidic microbial fuel cell (MFC) as an efficient power generator for production of bioelectricity for implantable medical devices (IMDs) and fabrication of microfluidic microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) for hydrogen medicine were investigated. (sharif.edu)
  • 12 May 2020: Scientists are synthesizing stronger and more efficient materials for hydrogen fuel cell membranes. (generallyeclectic.ca)
  • Co-immobilization of multi-enzyme systems improve: 1) the kinetics of the chemical cascades due to the spatial localization of the different biocatalytic modules that avoids intermediate accumulation and increases cofactor recycling efficiency, 2) the stability of the biocatalysts due to both structural rigidification and in situ elimination of toxic by-products, 3) the biocatalyst recycle and 4) the biocatalyst adaptation to continuous processes. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • A biocatalyst was prepared by the immobilization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae AXAZ-1 yeast cells on pear pieces and tested for grape must fermentation in both batch and continuous conditions. (ulster.ac.uk)
  • This field, however, has been predominantly focused on synthetic organic chemistry, and the use of biocatalysts in continuous flow systems is only now becoming popular. (vapourtec.com)
  • Based on our expertise in medium to high-throughput screening approaches involving microbes and a background in yeast cell biology, we expand the knowledge on membrane-related processes and extend the molecular toolboxes for applications on industrial scale. (tugraz.at)
  • With improvements in biotechnology tools and processes comes the ability to produce numerous important products, from commodity chemicals to high-performance materials, through white biotechnology. (specchemonline.com)
  • The OPTIBIOCAT researchers will develop highly effective biocatalysts, requiring fewer steps in the production of components as well as lower-temperatures (50-60°C) compared to those of chemical processes (up to 160°C). High temperatures in current chemical techniques need a large amount of making the process expensive as well as environmentally unsound. (commnet.eu)
  • Formic-acid fuel cells feed formic acid to the anode and oxygen to the cathode. (electronicdesign.com)
  • Such biofuel cell uses glucose as the anode fuel and dioxygen as the cathode fuel. (science24.com)
  • The current study explained the role of methylene blue (MB) as an exogenous electron mediator on the efficiency of bioelectricity generation from sugarcane molasses as a substrate by an anode respiring yeast (biocatalyst) via a microbial fuel cell technology. (elsevierpure.com)
  • White biotechnology, sometimes called industrial biomanufacturing, is the industrial production and processing of chemicals, materials and energy using living cell factories, like bacteria and yeast. (specchemonline.com)
  • With each technology innovation comes the ability for white biotechnology to better its reach into compelling applications - the chemicals, precursors, additives and materials produced by the fermentation of engineered cell factories. (specchemonline.com)
  • Numerous other factors need to be evaluated to determine the economic viability of certain white biotechnology projects, from internal factors such as process yield, ease of scale, and biocatalyst choice to external factors such as government regulations, crude oil prices, and the green premium. (specchemonline.com)
  • This discipline is particularly crucial when it comes to the development of chemical and minuscule tools, as many of the tools used in biotechnology exist at the cellular level. (plainconcepts.com)
  • Its core technology addresses a key challenge for biotech companies, considered to be the next wave of a biotechnology paradigm, as it decouples cell growth and production while optimizing metabolic pathways in each phase. (solvay.com)
  • In the studies towards the major, students acquire advanced knowledge in a specific area of biotechnology, chemical technology or material science and technology. (aalto.fi)
  • The School of Chemical Engineering trains Masters of Science (Technology) who have the skills and knowledge to work as pacesetters of the fields of biotechnology, chemical technology and material science and technology in various managerial, planning and research duties serving industry or related stakeholders, the scientific community or public sector. (aalto.fi)
  • The ultimate aim is to produce biocatalytic enzyme nanocomposites as free flowing dry powders that may be stored at room temperature for many months (possible years) and used off the shelf for the manufacture of fine chemicals etc. (europa.eu)
  • OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed at evaluating the use of whole cells of Escherichia coli carrying recombinant Pseudomonas fluorescens benzaldehyde lyase as biocatalysts for 5-HMF carboligation, recovery of the C 12 derivatives DHMF and BHMF, and testing the. (lu.se)
  • OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed at evaluating the use of whole cells of Escherichia coli carrying recombinant Pseudomonas fluorescens benzaldehyde lyase as biocatalysts for 5-HMF carboligation, recovery of the C 12 derivatives DHMF and BHMF, and testing the reactivity of the carbonyl groups for hydrazone formation for potential use as cross-linking agents in surface coatings. (lu.se)
  • It represents a more sustainable alternative to petroleum-based chemical production: one that not only decreases society's reliance on fossil fuels but also uses less energy, generates less waste, and potentially creates more environmentally friendly products. (specchemonline.com)
  • [2] This is because microfluidic fuel cells offer a number of advantages over traditional fuel cells, such as their compact size, lightweight, and ability to operate on a wide range of fuels. (openwetware.org)
  • These fuels can be dissolved in the anolyte or stored in a separate fuel reservoir outside of the cell. (openwetware.org)
  • Fuels cells have been considered a mechanism for utilizing hydrogen as an energy source. (generallyeclectic.ca)
  • Increased stability in commercial preparations of supported biocatalysts will be sought. (europa.eu)
  • Glycosylation alters the physico-chemical properties of the natural product, including solubility, stability and bioavailability. (dtu.dk)
  • The main advantage of this type of fuel cell is the application of natural compounds eg. (science24.com)
  • For a long time, researchers have been trying to technically imitate photosynthesis in order to produce chemical compounds cheaply and sustainably. (biooekonomie.de)
  • Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, derived compounds. (lu.se)
  • This results in cost-competitive bio-based chemicals produced for animal feed, human nutrition, sustainable cleaning and pharmaceutical applications. (solvay.com)
  • It is hoped that this will make the biocatalytic production of chemicals considerably more sustainable. (tugraz.at)
  • DH-1, as a sustainable cell factory. (biomedcentral.com)
  • High cost, complex design, and fuel problems have plagued the development of micro fuel cells, but solutions soon may come from a number of researchers. (electronicdesign.com)
  • The researchers also reported that Ca 2+ cross-linking improved the mechanical properties of the hydrogel, and cationization with a polyelectrolyte accelerated the attachment of the cells. (chemistryviews.org)
  • Hobza, R. Chemical genetics in Silene latifolia elucidate regulatory pathways involved in gynoecium development. (isibrno.cz)
  • In cell engineering fields, such as synthetic biology and metabolic engineering, gene expression is fine-tuned for the robust operation of artificially designed genetic systems and enhanced production of a desired substance via manmade metabolic pathways [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a biochemical cell which is able to transform the chemical energy in organic or inorganic substrates into electrical energy through biochemical pathways. (elsevierpure.com)
  • When tetrathiafulvalene and ABTS were used as mediators, the biofuel cell has a 0.45 V open circuit potential and 50 mA cm -2 circuit current density in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 15 mM glucose and saturated with dioxygen at room temperature. (science24.com)
  • In the United States, the 2010 civilian workforce accounted tion of immunoglobulin E (IgE) results in the release of for 139 million people [1] who spend up to a quarter mediators from mast cells and eosinophils [6, 7]. (cdc.gov)
  • However, the insufficient supply of heme limits the whole-cell P450 biocatalytic activity. (kaist.ac.kr)
  • We have generated a promising yeast whole-cell biocatalyst that makes (+)-nootkatone from simple carbon sources. (tugraz.at)
  • This strategy of fine-tuned heme biosynthesis will be generally useful for developing whole-cell biocatalysts involving hemoproteins. (kaist.ac.kr)
  • Of central importance in this process are the so-called photosystems I and II - enzyme complexes that catalyze the chemical reactions. (biooekonomie.de)
  • Bio-fuel cells (BFCs) are useful for powering implantable electrically operated medical devices, including pacemakers and insulin production generators. (electronicdesign.com)
  • Porosity is especially important for biofilms because vital nutrients and gases can diffuse to and from the cells, allowing high cell concentrations and production activities. (chemistryviews.org)
  • Enzyme Engineering and Structural Biology We develop enzyme biocatalysts for the industrial production of natural products used as e.g. aromas, fragrances, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. (dtu.dk)
  • This is also the aim of the innovative project OPTIBIOCAT ("Optimised esterase biocatalysts for cost-effective industrial production"), which is backed by around €7 million of EU funding under the FP7-programme. (commnet.eu)
  • The environmental footprint for the production will be significantly reduced with our innovative biocatalysts," says Vincenza Faraco from the University of Naples, who leads the OPTIBIOCAT consortium. (commnet.eu)
  • FAEs and GEs will be improved by site-directed mutagenesis and directed evolution and the project also aims to mine for completely new FAEs and GEs genes from available genomes, improving the efficiency of fermentation/production and stabilising both the enzyme formulations and the life cycle of the biocatalysts. (commnet.eu)
  • In addition, cell growth and lysine (a precursor of cadaverine) production assays suggested that gene expression optimization through transcription tuning can afford a balance between the growth and precursor supply. (biomedcentral.com)
  • fuel cells contain 'proton conducting membranes' that facilitate the separation of hydrogen's positive and negative particles, protons and electrons, a process that ultimately leads to the production of electricity. (generallyeclectic.ca)
  • CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates the potential application of recombinant E. coli cells for cost-effective production of commercially relevant products. (lu.se)
  • As the full burden of parents induced significantly higher amount of structure amidase Ajay - G - cell design, the production of penicillin, thanks to the plasmid amplification at around 50 copies per cell. (candle4tibet.org)
  • Reformed methanol to hydrogen fuel cells (RHFCs) reform methanol to liberate hydrogen and feed into the fuel-cell stack to generate electricity. (electronicdesign.com)
  • Lipids, (the main component of cell membranes and liposomes) can be both natural and synthetic. (univapollonia.ro)
  • Currently, cancer treatment uses electroporation where the power source is applied through the skin (invasive) to destroy the affected tumour cells and to allow drug entry from the vascular system into the cell through pores induced into the cell membranes. (scielo.org.za)
  • An MFC is a device that converts chemical energy from fuel into electrical energy, using a microfluidic system to transport the fuel and oxidant to the electrodes instead of conventional polymeric membranes. (openwetware.org)
  • Most fuel cells currently on the market employ liquid membranes. (generallyeclectic.ca)
  • The molecular structure of the coordination polymer glass facilitated the movement of protons across it under dry conditions at 120°C. When tested in a hydrogen fuel cell, it produced high voltage (0.96 volts), well within the range of typical polymer electrolyte membranes. (generallyeclectic.ca)
  • Immobilized in the biofilm, the cells consume less energy for growth and can act as true biocatalysts, converting solar energy into chemicals, she adds. (chemistryviews.org)
  • Frances received her B.S. in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering from Princeton University and worked at the Solar Energy Research Institute, a national laboratory devoted to alternative energy research (now NREL) before obtaining her Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from the University of California, Berkeley. (cam.ac.uk)
  • In one area, the use of cyanobacteria as biocatalysts for light-driven biotechnological applications is being examined and tested in a range of industrially relevant model reactions. (tugraz.at)
  • To answer the question on how fast technologies were developing, GenerallyEclectic looked at articles in Science Daily on fuel cells for the previous eighteen months, which at the time of writing was December 1, 2018 to May 31, 2020. (generallyeclectic.ca)
  • Nevertheless, with the continuing research on and advancement of improving the performance and efficiency of microfluidic fuel cells, they have the potential to be a promising alternative to conventional fuel cells in certain applications. (openwetware.org)
  • The efficiency of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) is affected by several factors such as activation overpotentials, ohmic losses and concentration polarization. (greenesa.com)
  • Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) employ methanol as a fuel to generate electricity. (electronicdesign.com)
  • Micro fuel-cell technologies such as direct methanol, borohydride, reformed hydrogen, and formic acid can find applications in all three markets. (electronicdesign.com)
  • MICRO FUEL-CELL APPLICATIONS You can divide the micro fuel-cell market into three device categories: consumer portable, military portable, and industrial portable. (electronicdesign.com)
  • Phenylacetic acid (PAA) is a fine chemical with a high industrial demand for its widespread uses. (springeropen.com)
  • Treating wastewater using purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB) is an environmentally friendly technique that can simultaneously remove pollutants and lead to the accumulation of high-value cell inclusions. (bvsalud.org)
  • The main challenge will be identifying the right technology and the configuration of fuel cells for portables. (electronicdesign.com)
  • This technology requires micro pumps and strict control of the release of hydrogen to the fuel cell. (electronicdesign.com)
  • This revolution in chemical manufacturing has resulted from innovations in both new methodology and technology. (vapourtec.com)
  • Frances is currently the Linus Pauling Professor of Chemical Engineering, Bioengineering and Biochemistry at the California Institute of Technology, where she has been on the faculty since 1986. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Another author adds: "It will also enable the creation of improved models to simulate the metabolism of cells. (sciencemission.com)
  • These results contribute to a better more biomass-derived carbohydrates are also used for produc- understanding of the aromatic metabolism of P. putida in tion of chemicals, a further valorization of lignin is an essential terms of growth and uptake rates, which will be helpful for component. (lu.se)
  • The study points out the potential of micro fuel cells to deliver more energy per volume weight than conventional batteries. (electronicdesign.com)
  • High-energy pulses might not be necessary as the cytotoxicity of Pt 2 + would be sufficient to destroy infected cells by entering the cells through low-energy pulse electro-poration. (scielo.org.za)
  • Under a new deal, BASF is to produce cathode active materials (CAMs) from recycled metals from its site at Battle Creek, Michigan, for use in Li-ion battery cells produced by Nanotech Energy, a US specialist in graphene-based energy storage products. (specchemonline.com)
  • They offer several advantages over conventional fuel cells, including lower cost, faster response time, and improved energy density. (openwetware.org)
  • Fuel cells have been considered a viable source of energy in a number of applications, particularly those where a moveable source of stored energy is required. (generallyeclectic.ca)
  • She pioneered directed protein evolution and has used those methods for applications in alternative energy, chemicals, and medicine. (cam.ac.uk)