A landmark investigation into the genetic basis of murine progressive ankylosis has clarified the physiologic role of extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate (ePPi) in suppressing pathologic deposition of basic calcium phosphate (BCP) (an inclusive term for hydroxyapatite, octacalcium phosphate, and tricalcium phosphate) in articular tissue [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Standardization of mineral density maps of physiologic and pathologic biominerals in humans using cone-beam CT and micro CT. (ucsf.edu)
Vascular2
The atherosclerotic process is accelerated by a myriad of factors, such as the release of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), growth factors, and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. (hindawi.com)
B, The constituents of the interstitial space, including type I and type II alveolar epithelial cells, a capillary with vascular endothelial cells and erythrocytes in transit, resident macrophages, interstitial fibroblasts, and matrix substance. (thoracickey.com)
Fibroblasts2
Figure 24-2 shows, in the normal state, this space allows close apposition of gas and capillaries with minimal connective tissue matrix, fibroblasts, and inflammatory cells such as macrophages. (thoracickey.com)
In cultured primary fibroblasts and cancer cells, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin causes mtDNA damage and release, which leads to cGAS STING dependent ISG activation. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Epithelial cells1
Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion by the renal tubular epithelial cells of the collecting and distal tubules. (medscape.com)
Proliferation2
It promotes cellular proliferation and provides a supporting structure to which cells or cell lysates in culture dishes adhere. (lookformedical.com)
In addition to reduction in cell proliferation, phytic acid increases differentiation of malignant cells often resulting in reversion to the normal phenotype. (ncats.io)
Intracellular1
Phytates participation in important intracellular biochemical pathways, normal physiological presence in human cells, tissues, plasma, urine, etc., the levels of which fluctuate with intake, epidemiological correlates of phytate deficiency with disease and reversal of those conditions by adequate intake, and safety - all strongly suggest for phytates inclusion as an essential nutrient, perhaps a vitamin. (ncats.io)
Conditions that cause elevated estrogen levels, such as anovulatory states or granulosa- theca cell tumors, increase the incidence and size of fibroids. (sls.org)
Collagen2
They are found in many cell types and are involved in the maintenance and regulation of cell shape and behavior, including PLATELET ACTIVATION and aggregation, through many different signaling pathways and differences in their affinities for collagen isoforms. (lookformedical.com)
At the protein level, collagen content was increased in both MKX and SCX transfected cells compared to controls. (bvsalud.org)
Occur1
If the initiating injury or abnormal repair from injury is not halted, progressive tissue damage leading to worsening physiologic impairment and death can occur. (thoracickey.com)
Tissues3
Dystrophic calcification is seen most commonly in which of the following oral tissues? (dentaldevotee.com)
A cell membrane protein, ANK, affects ePPi concentrations and the balance of mineralization in articular tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Inflammatory4
Macrophages are a heterogeneous population of immune cells that exhibit dynamic plasticity, polarize into inflammatory or regulatory/pro-resolving macrophages, and influence the healing tissue microenvironment. (bvsalud.org)
This study evaluated the in-vitro morphological, proliferative, cell surface marker expression and cytokine/soluble factor secretion characteristics of control, GM-CSF pretreated and inflammatory (LPS+IFN-γ) and regulatory (IL-4 + IL-10) differentiated equine CD14+ monocyte-derived macrophages. (bvsalud.org)
Atherosclerosis starts with dysfunctional changes in the endothelium induced by disturbed shear stress which can lead to endothelial and platelet activation, adhesion of monocytes on the activated endothelium, and differentiation into proinflammatory macrophages, which increase the uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and turn into foam cells, exacerbating the inflammatory signalling. (hindawi.com)
T1R is connected with an exacerbated cellular response with an increase of Th1 cytokine creation, whereas T2R is certainly connected with elevated peripheral creation of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines like IL-6 and TNF, immune complicated deposits and neutrophil infiltration in cells [1, 5, 6]. (researchensemble.com)
Tumors2
Hence, space-occupying lesions, such as tumors in the supratentorial compartment, produce increased intracranial pressure, and may cause part of the adjacent temporal lobe of the brain to herniate through the tentorial notch. (gov.gy)
The innermost part of the dura, the dural border cell layer, is composed of flattened Bulging of Diaphragma Sellae Pituitary tumors may extend superiorly through the aperture in the diaphragma sellae, or cause it to bulge. (gov.gy)
Tissue1
These results provide a basis for subsequent in-vitro and in-vivo studies that investigate macrophage-tissue cell interactions and related biological mechanisms relevant to the field of immunomodulatory approaches for enhancing tissue healing. (bvsalud.org)
Renal2
Diagnosis of metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) with no prior systemic therapy for mRCC. (healthstudiesmn.org)
2. Prior neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy for non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma are permitted. (healthstudiesmn.org)
Menopause1
After menopause, tumor regression occurs, often leading to calcification. (sls.org)
Blood2
Splenic sequestration and/or destruction of red blood cells, white blood cells and/or platelets leading to one or more cytopenias. (thebloodproject.com)
Blood vessels from the metaphysis (see the image below) invade this zone to lay down minerals into the matrix, and loose woven bone is then laid down in the zone of provisional calcification. (medscape.com)
Gene2
The ank gene product is one of several cell membrane proteins, including ectonucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase enzymes and alkaline phosphatase, that regulate extracellular inorganic pyrophosphate levels and thereby regulate mineralization. (biomedcentral.com)
Conclusions: This exploratory study demonstrates the potential of MKX or SCX to drive reprogramming in mild to moderately degenerate AF cells from autopsy and severely degenerate AF cells from surgical patients toward a healthy phenotype and may be a potential nonviral gene therapy for LBP. (bvsalud.org)
Fasting state1
Heat production, or its measurement, of an organism at the lowest level of cell chemistry in an inactive, awake, fasting state. (lookformedical.com)
Normal1
Restoring the patient to a normal physiologic state requires careful attention to the prevention, identification, and treatment of complications that may develop at any time during the hospital stay. (thoracickey.com)
As a next step in a proof-of-concept study, we report the use of Scleraxis (SCX) and Mohawk (MKX), which are critical for the development, maintenance, and regeneration of the AF and may have therapeutic potential to induce a healthy, pro-anabolic phenotype in diseased AF cells. (bvsalud.org)
Results: AF cells demonstrated a fibroblastic phenotype posttreatment. (bvsalud.org)
Present3
In addition, this imaging modality can perform direct biopsy of suspicious lesions, including adjacent lymphadenopathy if present [ 5 ]. (springeropen.com)
It should be remembered that patients are still in an early phase of recovery from surgery with many physiologic derangements still present. (thoracickey.com)
Thousands of copies of the circular mtDNA are present in most cell types that are packaged by TFAM into higher-order structures called nucleoids1. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Surgery1
Methods: MKX and SCX plasmids were delivered via electroporation into diseased human AF cells from autopsy specimens and patients undergoing surgery for LBP. (bvsalud.org)
Develop2
Phenotypically, ttw mice develop excess calcification of the ligaments of the axial skeleton, resulting in myelopathy and an abnormal gait. (biomedcentral.com)
A space may develop in the dural border cell layer as the result of trauma, such as a hard blow to the head (Haines, 1993, 2006). (gov.gy)
Process1
Whereas MPI is a valuable diagnostic tool, it is also a complex physiologic imaging process, which exposes it to several potential pitfalls and artifacts that can limit the utility of the study. (snmjournals.org)
Aspect1
The adrenal medulla is of ectodermal origin, arising from neural crest cells that migrate to the medial aspect of the developing cortex. (medscape.com)
Smooth muscl1
Caffeine and methylxanthines block the adenosine receptors on arterial smooth muscle cells, thus limiting the effectiveness of these vasodilator agents ( 4 ). (snmjournals.org)
Surface1
A meshwork-like substance found within the extracellular space and in association with the basement membrane of the cell surface. (lookformedical.com)
Addition1
In addition, mtDNA stress in TFAM-deficient mouse melanoma cells produces tumours that are more resistant to doxorubicin in vivo. (regenerativemedicine.net)