• Different members of the family of dual specificity phosphatases show distinct substrate specificities for various MAP kinases, different tissue distribution and subcellular localization, and different modes of inducibility of their expression by extracellular stimuli. (nih.gov)
  • This is in part because the high-quality, fresh-frozen human brain tissue from patients with COVID-19 needed for single-cell transcriptomic studies is largely inaccessible, and methods to isolate human brain barrier cells have only recently emerged 22 , 23 . (nature.com)
  • Fig. 1: Overview of diverse brain and choroid plexus cell types captured from post-mortem tissue from patients with COVID-19. (nature.com)
  • Cell atlas of the human ocular anterior segment: Tissue-specific and shared cell types. (harvard.edu)
  • In this study, antibodies were generated against unique epitopes of distinct OR types and used in immunohistochemical experiments to visualize the receptor proteins in whole-mount preparations and tissue sections of the olfactory system. (jneurosci.org)
  • Limitations in the usage of AAV in murine models include cell types that are refractory to transduction and difficulties achieving tissue-specificity. (nature.com)
  • Tissue homeostasis is critically dependent on the function of tissue-resident lymphocytes, including lipid-reactive invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Yet, if and how the tissue environment shapes the antigen specificity of iNKT cells remains unknown. (elifesciences.org)
  • This suggests that unique tissue-specific factors (including local lipid antigens, cytokines and/or hormones) may shape the population of iNKT cells resident in those tissues, ultimately regulating local immune responses. (elifesciences.org)
  • Nonetheless, how signals from the tissue environment shape the iNKT cell population to best fit their function in their tissues of residency remains unclear. (elifesciences.org)
  • Organoids are cultured cellular structures that consist of the major cell types of a tissue including tissue stem cells and other differentiated cells, resemble the basic features and possess the functions of the tissue. (springeropen.com)
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid membranous vesicles released from almost all cell types, and they provide a tremendous opportunity as sources of novel biomarkers from liquid biopsies, as well as agents for tissue repair and wound healing in regenerative medicine. (selectbiosciences.com)
  • We developed TS-REX, a database/software system that supports the analysis of tissue and cell type-specific transcription factor-gene networks based on expressed sequence tag abundance of transcription factor-encoding genes in UniGene EST libraries. (lu.se)
  • While T and NK cells have been studied in SSc whole blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, their role remains unclear, partly because no studies have analyzed these cell types in SSc-ILD lung tissue. (bvsalud.org)
  • RESULTS: Activated CD16+ NK cells, CD8+ tissue resident memory T cells, and regulatory T cells (Tregs) were proportionately higher in SSc-ILD compared with HC lungs. (bvsalud.org)
  • Shifts in CD8+ T cell populations indicated a transition from resting to effector to tissue resident phenotypes in SSc-ILD. (bvsalud.org)
  • CD8+ T cells in SSc-ILD appear to transition from resting to tissue resident memory phenotype. (bvsalud.org)
  • In mammalian cells, there are three types of PI3K with distinct substrate specificities. (frontiersin.org)
  • Each investigator should optimize the coating conditions, the assay sensitivity, the type of enzyme and substrate, as well as the concentrations of the capture and detection antibodies to achieve desired results. (rndsystems.com)
  • Organ Specificity" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Organ Specificity" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Organ Specificity" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Organ Specificity" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
  • As they reported in a paper published in Cell Host & Microbe on Thursday, Haller and his colleagues used high-throughput 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing to profile gut microbial community composition in fecal samples from 1,976 individuals from Germany enrolled in the prospective KORA population study, detecting distinct levels of specific bugs across the day in individuals with available time of defecation data. (genomeweb.com)
  • Although the recognition of CpG DNA by B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells is mediated by TLR 9, these cell types differ in their ability to bind and respond to structurally distinct classes of CpG oligonucleotides. (fda.gov)
  • Multiple sclerosis and T1D have distinct target organs, genetic risk factors, onset ages, and female to male ratios, but target organ-specific T cells as initiators unite these diseases. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, through combined use of cortical layer markers and transgenic mouse lines, we show that Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 are localized to functionally distinct cortical cell types. (jneurosci.org)
  • The restricted pattern of Kv2.2 expression persists in Kv2.1-KO mice, suggesting distinct cell- and layer-specific functions for these two highly related Kv2 subunits. (jneurosci.org)
  • Here, we show that the Kv2 family members Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 are expressed in distinct cortical layers and pyramidal cell types associated with specific corticostriatal pathways. (jneurosci.org)
  • We find that Kv2.1 and Kv2.2 exhibit distinct responses to acute phosphorylation-dependent regulation in brain neurons in situ and in heterologous cells in vitro . (jneurosci.org)
  • By analysing iNKT cells from lymphoid tissues of mice and humans we demonstrate that their T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is highly diverse and is distinct for cells from various tissues resulting in differential lipid-antigen recognition. (elifesciences.org)
  • Consistent with this, iNKT cells from different organs show distinct basal activation, proliferation and clonal expansion. (elifesciences.org)
  • Beyond the common features shared by all iNKT cells (including their CD1-restriction and innate-like properties), cells found in discrete tissues have distinct phenotypes and functions that critically modulate the outcome of immunity ( Crosby and Kronenberg, 2018 ). (elifesciences.org)
  • In each major brain regions, we identified distinct cell clusters and formed them in a hierarchical taxonomy. (nih.gov)
  • The human T-lymphotropic viruses, type I (HTLV-I) and type II (HTLV-II), are closely related but distinct retroviruses that can infect humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Our analysis identified cell-type compositions, cellular functions, and cell-to-cell interactions in the MF TME that were distinct from those from healthy skin and benign dermatoses. (bvsalud.org)
  • Using subcellular channelrhodopsin-2-assisted circuit mapping in mouse visual cortex, we compared feedforward (FF) or feedback (FB) cortico-cortical (CC) synaptic input to cells projecting back to the input source (looped neurons) with cells projecting to a different cortical or subcortical area. (elifesciences.org)
  • FF and FB afferents showed similar cell-type selectivity, making stronger connections with looped neurons than with other projection types in layer (L)5 and L6, but not in L2/3, resulting in selective modulation of activity in looped neurons. (elifesciences.org)
  • One possibility is that CC inputs specifically modulate neurons projecting back to the source of those inputs (looped neurons) indirectly via intermediary inhibitory or excitatory cells in the local circuit. (elifesciences.org)
  • Olfactory receptors are supposed to act not only as molecular sensors for odorants but also as cell recognition molecules guiding the axons of olfactory neurons to their appropriate glomerulus in the olfactory bulb. (jneurosci.org)
  • Superior specificity is achieved by combining Cre-mediated AAVR overexpression with whole-body knockout of endogenous Aavr , which is demonstrated in heart cardiomyocytes, liver hepatocytes and cholinergic neurons. (nature.com)
  • Detected in both cell membrane and cytoplasm in neurons. (avivasysbio.com)
  • Analyses of endogenous Kv2.2 in cortical neurons in situ and recombinant Kv2.2 expressed in heterologous cells reveal that Kv2.2 is largely refractory to stimuli that trigger robust, phosphorylation-dependent changes in Kv2.1 clustering and function. (jneurosci.org)
  • SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neurons within the neocortex are arranged in a laminar architecture and contribute to the input, processing, and/or output of sensory and motor signals in a cell- and layer-specific manner. (jneurosci.org)
  • The Gag-AI9/H-2K(d) epitope elicited high-avidity CD8 T cell populations with architecturally diverse clonotypic repertoires that displayed potent lytic activity in vivo. (nih.gov)
  • In contrast, the Pol-LI9/H-2D(d) epitope elicited motif-constrained CD8 T cell repertoires that displayed lower levels of physical avidity and lytic activity despite equivalent measures of overall clonality. (nih.gov)
  • Although low-dose vaccination enhanced the functional profiles of both epitope-specific CD8 T cell populations, greater polyfunctionality was apparent within the Pol-LI9/H-2D(d) specificity. (nih.gov)
  • However, there were no noteworthy phenotypic differences between epitope-specific CD8 T cell populations across vaccine doses or time points. (nih.gov)
  • Collectively, these data indicate that the functional and phenotypic properties of vaccine-induced CD8 T cell populations are sensitive to dose manipulation, yet constrained by epitope specificity in a clonotype-dependent manner. (nih.gov)
  • A study in Nature suggests epitope editing in donor stem cells prior to bone marrow transplants can stave off toxicity when targeting acute myeloid leukemia with immunotherapy. (genomeweb.com)
  • The development of transgenic mouse models that express genes of interest in specific cell types has transformed our understanding of basic biology and disease. (nature.com)
  • The development of new genetic and non-genetic tools for delivering genes, proteins and chemicals to cells of interest or approaches that are expected to target specific cell types and/or circuits in the nervous system with greater precision and sensitivity than currently established methods are encouraged. (nih.gov)
  • Recent advancements in messenger RNA (mRNA) technology have made it possible to directly introduce therapeutic genes into cells, but the efficacy of this approach is still limited by the delivery method. (avantilipids.com)
  • We integrate the single cell methylome with single cell gene expression and chromatin accessibility profiles from the same brain region to further identify potential enhancers and their corresponding genes for several neuronal cell types. (nih.gov)
  • However, when applying this concept to genomes of multicellular organisms such as mammals, one has to deal with a large number of false positive predictions since many transcription factor genes are only expressed in specific tissues or cell types. (lu.se)
  • The use of expression levels of transcription factor-encoding genes according to hierarchical anatomical classifications covering different tissues and cell types makes it possible to filter out irrelevant binding site predictions and to identify candidates of potential functional importance for further experimental testing. (lu.se)
  • TS-REX was applied to predict regulators of Polycomb group genes in six human tumor tissues and in human embryonic stem cells. (lu.se)
  • Inoculation with a high dose strains of LMP1 transgenic mice vide a powerful tool in mechanistic of EBV caused a B-cell lymphopro- were established that express LMP1 studies on the role of individual viral liferative disorder in these mice, under the control of the immunoglob- genes in cancer. (who.int)
  • The team found that seven alterations affecting three genes could identify tumours with high sensitivity and specificity. (who.int)
  • v) effector specificity of βγ complexes is not exclusively determined by the nature of the βγ subunit combination, but depends on the nature of Gα from which βγ is released. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Animal modeling and human mechanistic data are summarized to support the view that vitamin D probably influences thymic negative selection, effector Th1 and Th17 pathogenesis and responsiveness to extrinsic cell death signals, FoxP3 + CD4 + T-regulatory cell and CD4 + T-regulatory cell type 1 (Tr1) cell functions, and a Th1-Tr1 switch. (frontiersin.org)
  • A prominent phenotypic outcome of γ c receptor signaling is lymphoproliferation, and so the cytokines are often observed to be an endogenous or exogenous mechanism for altering the balance of immune cell types. (biorxiv.org)
  • Exosomes are endogenous nanoparticles that constitute a fraction of extracellular vesicles that are secreted by all cell types into the extracellular environment, and play an important role in intercellular signaling. (selectbiosciences.com)
  • We readily detected off-target alterations induced by four out of six RGENs targeted to endogenous loci in human cells by examination of partially mismatched sites. (cdc.gov)
  • The common γ-chain receptor cytokines are promising immune therapies due to their central role in coordinating the proliferation and activity of various immune cell populations. (biorxiv.org)
  • In total, these findings represent a comprehensive analysis of how ligand properties, and their consequent effects on surface receptor-ligand interactions, translate to selective activation of immune cell populations. (biorxiv.org)
  • It is involved in the trafficking of proteins to the plasma membrane and can be expressed on the cell surface as a receptor. (wikipedia.org)
  • Complexed with the annexin II, p11 binds receptor and channel proteins and guides them to the cell surface, resulting in increased membrane localization and consequent magnified functional expression of these proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Acquisition of α2-6 sialoside receptor specificity by α2-3 specific highly-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (H5N1) is thought to be a prerequisite for efficient transmission in humans. (nih.gov)
  • By directing AAV transduction through the regulated expression of its receptor, the approach provides precise control over which cells express the AAV-vectored transgene. (nature.com)
  • Additional analyses were performed using pathway analysis, pseudotime, and cell ligand-receptor interactions. (bvsalud.org)
  • Amphiregulin, highly upregulated by NK cells, was predicted to interact with epidermal growth factor receptor on several bronchial epithelial cell populations. (bvsalud.org)
  • Disruptive mutations in private receptors can lead to more selective reductions in cell types such as regulatory T cells (T reg s) with IL-2Rα or T cells with IL-7Rα ( 1 ) . (biorxiv.org)
  • Conversely, activating mutations in these receptors, such as IL-7Rα, promote cancers such as B and T cell leukemias ( 3 ) . (biorxiv.org)
  • Many of the transported proteins are cell surface receptors in signal transduction pathways and ion channels. (wikipedia.org)
  • In cells of the mammalian immune system, PI3K is activated by receptors for antigen, cytokines, costimulatory molecules, and so on. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cell secreted cytokines or soluble molecules are captured by coated antibodies avoiding diffusion in supernatant, protease degradation or binding on soluble membrane receptors. (abcam.com)
  • RGD peptides can bind to specific cell surface receptors that are overexpressed in many types of cancer cells. (avantilipids.com)
  • RGD peptides can selectively target cells that overexpress the corresponding cell surface receptors, which can improve the specificity of the therapy. (avantilipids.com)
  • By using RGD peptides to target cells with high levels of specific surface receptors, the therapy can be delivered directly to the cells that need it, while minimizing exposure to healthy cells. (avantilipids.com)
  • In addition, the RGD peptides on the surface of the lipids can bind to specific cell surface receptors, which can enhance the uptake of the mRNA by cells. (avantilipids.com)
  • The RGD peptide can also be modified to increase its affinity for specific cell surface receptors or to target different types of cells or tissues. (avantilipids.com)
  • DNA sequence analysis of T-cell receptors was used to further define clonal populations of HDI-responsive T cells. (cdc.gov)
  • These HDI-responsive T cells expressed unique oligoclonal gamma/delta rather than alpha/beta T-cell receptors, with characteristics suggestive of antigen-mediated selection and specificity. (cdc.gov)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the dual specificity protein phosphatase subfamily. (nih.gov)
  • Characteristic restricted to a particular organ of the body, such as a cell type, metabolic response or expression of a particular protein or antigen. (harvard.edu)
  • Single-pass type I membrane protein. (avivasysbio.com)
  • Expressed in lung alveolar epithelial cells, enterocytes of the small intestine, Leydig cells and Sertoli cells (at protein level). (avivasysbio.com)
  • If you require a native form of the protein please use the live cell version - found here . (abcam.com)
  • For example, RGD peptide-based lipids can be used to deliver mRNA encoding a therapeutic protein, while an antibody can be used to enhance the specificity of the therapy. (avantilipids.com)
  • Glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65) and the tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA-2 are major targets of autoimmunity in type I diabetes mellitus (type I DM), stiff-man syndrome (SMS) and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS). (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Aberrant expression of this gene is associated with type 2 diabetes and cancer progression in several cell types. (nih.gov)
  • Expression of Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 9 in Placenta and Its Relationship with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. (nih.gov)
  • Conversely, eliminating eve in the mesoderm expands lbe expression into the normal eve-expressing territory, suggesting that mutual repression between eve and lbe is essential for delineating the spatial patterns of gene expression that specify cell types within the cardiac mesoderm. (ntnu.edu.tw)
  • Compositions including one or more D type ODNs and an agent that modulates the activity and/or expression of CXCL16 are also claimed. (fda.gov)
  • We hypothesized that AAV transgene expression could be targeted to specific tissues or cell types by selectively overexpressing AAVR. (nature.com)
  • αβγ dimer assembly may be controlled by cell-type specific or temporal regulation of expression. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Kv2.1 exhibits robust expression across many neuron types and is unique in its conditional role in modulating intrinsic excitability through changes in its phosphorylation state, which affect Kv2.1 expression, localization, and function. (jneurosci.org)
  • iNKT cells have been traditionally defined by the expression of an invariant TCR α-chain (Vα14-Jα18 in mice or Vα24-Jα18 in humans) and their capacity to recognise the glycolipid antigen α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer) presented on CD1d. (elifesciences.org)
  • While patterns of gene expression were common among patient samples, high transcriptional diversity was also observed in immune and stromal cells, with dynamic interactions and crosstalk between these cells and malignant T lymphocytes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Activated cytotoxic NK cells suggest they may kill alveolar epithelial cells, while their expression of amphiregulin suggests they may also induce bronchial epithelial cell hyperplasia. (bvsalud.org)
  • These data are the first to demonstrate that HDI can selectively stimulate gamma/delta T cells with the potential to modulate the human immune response to exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Standardization Program (DASP, 2000, 2002, 2003), organized by WHO, the data were: 76-100% sensitivity, 90-100% specificity (100% specificity 3 times), and 100% validity for GAD65 autoantibodies (3). (cdc.gov)
  • Evidence linking sunlight, vitamin D, and the risk of multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes is summarized to develop the thesis that vitamin D is the environmental factor that most strongly influences autoimmune disease development. (frontiersin.org)
  • Evidence for CD4 + T-cell involvement in autoimmune disease pathogenesis and for paracrine calcitriol signaling to CD4 + T lymphocytes is summarized to support the thesis that calcitriol is sunlight's main protective signal transducer in autoimmune disease risk. (frontiersin.org)
  • The global burden has risen with the near tripling in the last half-century of multiple sclerosis (MS) ( 2 , 3 ), type 1 diabetes (T1D) ( 4 ), and other autoimmune diseases. (frontiersin.org)
  • Gene-environment interactions, sunlight and vitamin D, and T lymphocytes as autoimmune disease initiators and vitamin D targets are discussed to explain the rationale for reviewing vitamin D mechanisms in T cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Finally, unanswered questions relating to vitamin D mechanisms in CD4 + T cells are highlighted to promote further research that may lead to a deeper understanding of autoimmune disease molecular etiology. (frontiersin.org)
  • Combined analysis of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies in organ and non-organ specific autoimmune diseases confers high specificity for insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus. (cdc.gov)
  • OBJECTIVE: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multifactorial autoimmune fibrotic disorder involving complex rewiring of cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic signaling coexpression networks involving a range of cell types. (bvsalud.org)
  • They regulate a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteins in the S100 gene family are known to regulate a number of cellular processes, such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, the epithelial−mesenchymal transition phenotype presents more cells with a lower degree of differentiation and greater cell dissociation in the ITF than in other tumor areas 14 , 15 . (nature.com)
  • In addition, IFN-gamma functions as an anti-inflammatory mediator by promoting the development of regulatory T cells and inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation. (rndsystems.com)
  • TS-REX covers ESTs from H. sapiens and M. musculus, and allows the characterization of both presence and specificity of transcription factors in user-specified tissues or cell types. (lu.se)
  • After cell removal, the captured cytokines are revealed by tracer antibodies and appropriate conjugates. (abcam.com)
  • HDI antigen preparations but not "mock exposed" control antigens lead to increased proliferation of specific cell types, CD3+CD4-CD8(dim) and/ or CD3+CD4-CD8- cells, from HDI-exposed but not from HDI-unexposed subjects. (cdc.gov)
  • Malignant T lymphocyte proliferation in mycosis fungoides (MF) is largely restricted to the skin, implying that malignant cells are dependent on their specific cutaneous tumor microenvironment (TME), including interactions with non-malignant immune and stromal cells, cytokines, and other immunomodulatory factors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Expressed in endothelial cells from small and large arteries, and in arterial smooth muscle cells. (avivasysbio.com)
  • By brain region spacial comparisons, we found spatial specificity among excitatory neuronal clusters within the same cortical layer. (nih.gov)
  • These data define the landscape of cell type and spatial heterogeneity in the mouse brain and the underlining regulatory epigenomic basis. (nih.gov)
  • Human T-cell lines were generated and characterized from peripheral blood of HDI-exposed and HDI-unexposed subjects, using two different HDI antigens, HDI-conjugated albumin and HDI-exposed human airway epithelial cells (NCI-H292). (cdc.gov)
  • The pedunculated type is synonymous with infectious conjunctival papilloma and squamous cell papilloma. (medscape.com)
  • Infectious conjunctival papillomas also are known as squamous cell papillomas. (medscape.com)
  • A strong association exists between HPV and squamous cell papilloma. (medscape.com)
  • HPV types 16 and 18 commonly are associated with not only high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinoma but also squamous cell dysplasia and carcinoma of the conjunctiva. (medscape.com)
  • Conjunctival papillomas (squamous cell, limbal, or inverted) are not life-threatening. (medscape.com)
  • Different regions of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have particular histopathological and molecular characteristics limiting the standard tumor−node−metastasis prognosis classification. (nature.com)
  • Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of head and neck malignant tumor and is ranked the eighth leading cause of cancer worldwide. (nature.com)
  • One was a chordoma, a rare type of bone cancer, and the other was a squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. (medscape.com)
  • These changes could become the target of new methods to detect this cancer type, oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, at an early stage in high-incidence populations. (who.int)
  • This is the largest genome-wide DNA methylation study of its kind, using samples of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma from nine countries with high incidence of this disease, including countries in Africa, Asia, and South America. (who.int)
  • These alterations have the potential to be used as markers of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma in low-resource settings. (who.int)
  • The purpose of this investigation was to characterize human T cells that respond to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), an aliphatic isocyanate routinely used in the automobile body industry. (cdc.gov)
  • Although Maraffini and colleagues7 recently performed a systematic investigation of Cas9 RGEN specificity in bacteria, the specificities of RGENs in human cells have not been extensively defined and, to our knowledge, bona fide off-target mutations induced by Cas9 have not been identified in any eukaryotic cell or organism. (cdc.gov)
  • Recently, we have found that the genetic removal of MESH1 in tumor cells triggers extensive transcriptional changes and confers protection against oxidative stress-induced ferroptosis (11). (duke.edu)
  • The enhanced efficacy and exquisite specificity of SELECTIV has broad utility in development of new mouse model systems and expands the use of AAV for gene delivery in vivo. (nature.com)
  • Here we generate a robust system for in vivo transgene delivery by combining the versatility of AAV-mediated transgene delivery with the specificity of cell-type-specific Cre-mediated recombination. (nature.com)
  • Recent work has demonstrated that clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems1-3 can serve as the basis of a simple and highly efficient method for performing genome editing in bacteria, yeast and human cells, as well as in vivo in whole organisms such as fruit flies, zebrafish and mice4-13. (cdc.gov)
  • Recombinant subfragments of VAR2CSA (rVAR2) have also been shown to bind specifically and with high affinity to cancer cells and tissues, suggesting the presence of a shared type of oncofetal chondroitin sulfate (ofCS) in the placenta and in tumors. (lu.se)
  • One of these cytokines, interleukin (IL)-2, has potential as a therapy in autoimmunity but is limited in effectiveness by its modest specificity toward regulatory T cells (T reg s). (biorxiv.org)
  • Evidence of islet cell autoimmunity in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. (cdc.gov)
  • Islet cell autoimmunity in triethnic adult population of the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. (cdc.gov)
  • Clone MRC OX-34 recognises a rat cell surface marker, and therefore cannot be used as a negative control in this species. (biocheminfo.org)
  • No other tumor type was increased significantly in either species. (cdc.gov)
  • Rodent species show marked differ- ences in the distribution and regional density of Clara cells within the respiratory tract, as well as in their capacity to produce and eliminate SO. (cdc.gov)
  • A mode of action-based physiologi- cally based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed to predict the concentration of ST and SO in blood, liver, and the respiratory-tract tissues, particularly in terminal bron- chioles (target tisue), in order to conduct interspecies extrapolations and determine the extent to which there is a pharmacokinetic basis for the observed species specificity. (cdc.gov)
  • Among the biological agents re- because species specificity limits the causes lymphoproliferative diseas- viewed in Volume 100B of the IARC feasibility of this approach for most of es in New World monkeys and in Monographs (IARC, 2012) are sever- these viruses. (who.int)
  • One exception is hu- humanized SCID mice, the use of al oncogenic viruses that are strictly man T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 surrogate hosts has not proven very species-specific, causing cancer in (HTLV-1): in addition to its ability to useful for defining tumour site con- humans only. (who.int)
  • Significance Statement Signaling in off-target immune cells has hindered the effectiveness of IL-2 as an immunotherapeutic. (biorxiv.org)
  • CXCL16 influences the nature and specificity of CpG-induced immune activation. (fda.gov)
  • Despite this prototypical TCR repertoire gene usage, in recent years it has become apparent that there are variations within the iNKT cell repertoire that ultimately impact the antigen recognition capacity and consequently the functional outcomes during an immune response. (elifesciences.org)
  • IFN-gamma (Interferon-gamma) is the prototype proinflammatory cytokine and is produced by a variety of immune cells under inflammatory conditions, notably by T cells and NK cells. (rndsystems.com)
  • The human immune response to isocyanate , a leading cause of occupational asthma, remains incompletely characterized, including the cell types involved and the form of the chemical that acts as an antigen. (cdc.gov)
  • By comprehensively characterizing the transcriptomes of immune and stromal cells within the cutaneous microenvironment of individual MF tumors, we have identified patterns of dysfunction common to all tumors that represent a resource for identifying candidates with therapeutic potential as well as patient-specific heterogeneity that has important implications for personalized disease management. (bvsalud.org)
  • S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The S100 gene family, localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells, includes at least 13 members that are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. (wikipedia.org)
  • We demonstrate that transgenic AAVR overexpression greatly increases the efficiency of transduction of many diverse cell types, including muscle stem cells, which are normally refractory to AAV transduction. (nature.com)
  • RESULTS: We morphologically and molecularly characterized Isl2+ RGCs using a transgenic mouse line that expresses GFP in the cell bodies, dendrites and axons of Isl2+ cells (Isl2-GFP). (ca.gov)
  • The Tabula Sapiens: A multiple-organ, single-cell transcriptomic atlas of humans. (harvard.edu)
  • T)he authors claimed that their results clearly demonstrated that RF exposure can damage sperm function via mechanisms involving the leakage of electrons from the mitochondria and the induction of oxidative stress but the employed SAR values are very high and not relevant to cell phone users. (bioinitiative.org)
  • In contrast, the same cells become resistant to ferroptosis when grown at high density and confluency. (duke.edu)
  • The study found that the RGD peptide-conjugated lipids were able to efficiently deliver mRNA to specific cell types and achieve high levels of gene editing efficiency. (avantilipids.com)
  • The researchers used a luciferase reporter system to demonstrate the efficacy of the lipids in vitro , showing that they were able to deliver mRNA to HeLa cells with high specificity and efficiency. (avantilipids.com)
  • In this study, we examined how feedforward inhibition in MD-dACC connectivity is modulated during high-frequency activity with whole-cell recordings with optogenetic stimulation to better understand how feedforward inhibition is modulated during short-term memory. (researchsquare.com)
  • We employ nanoscale high resolution flow cytometry to reliably image, count, and isolate cell- and size-specific EVs in banked plasma. (selectbiosciences.com)
  • NEW YORK - A team led by researchers in Germany has identified gut microbial oscillations over the span of a single day that appear to be disrupted in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and other metabolic conditions. (genomeweb.com)
  • Islets organoids would have value in the cell replacement therapy for diabetes apart from usual personalized drug screening routes. (springeropen.com)
  • Here, we systematically profiled the signaling responses to a panel of wild type and mutein IL-2 molecules in various Fc fusion configurations. (biorxiv.org)
  • After cell lysis, trapped cytokine molecules are revealed by a secondary biotinylated detection antibody, which is in turn recognised by streptavidin conjugated to alkaline phosphatase. (abcam.com)
  • It plays a key role in host defense by promoting the development and activation of Th1 cells, chemoattraction and activation of monocytes and macrophages, upregulation of antigen presentation molecules, and immunoglobulin class switching in B cells. (rndsystems.com)
  • Higher proportions of central memory-like cells were present after low-dose vaccination and at later time points. (nih.gov)
  • Absolute cell numbers and cell proportions in each cluster were compared between cohorts. (bvsalud.org)
  • Inhibits the synthesis of a number of cytokines, including IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-3, TNF and GM-CSF produced by activated macrophages and by helper T-cells. (abcam.com)
  • that is histopathological y very simi- T cel s, B cel s, natural kil er cel s, LMP1 of EBV can transform ro- lar to that caused by hepatitis B vi- macrophages, and dendritic cells, dent fibroblasts and is expressed rus (HBV) in humans, but it does so and this humanized mouse model in most of the human cancers as- through a different mechanism. (who.int)
  • Colored "purple" spots indicate cytokine production by individual cells. (abcam.com)
  • Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is caused by non-beta islet cell gastrin-secreting tumors of the pancreas or upper duodenum. (medscape.com)
  • In 1955, Zollinger and Ellison first described the classic triad of fulminating peptic ulcer disease, gastric acid hypersecretion, and non-beta islet cell tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Although our systematic analysis yields no molecular traces of SARS-CoV-2 in the brain, we observe broad cellular perturbations indicating that barrier cells of the choroid plexus sense and relay peripheral inflammation into the brain and show that peripheral T cells infiltrate the parenchyma. (nature.com)
  • The presence of neoplastic islands, classified as large or small according to the number of cells in the ITF, has been described as the most aggressive pattern compared to tumors with a more uniform growth pattern, as tumor invasion occurs in a more widespread manner as cellular islands or single cells 4 . (nature.com)
  • Finally, utilizing a cell-based glycocalyx model, we showed that rVAR2 binding correlates with the length of the chondroitin sulfate chains in the cellular glycocalyx. (lu.se)
  • This phenotype is observed most extremely from loss-of-function or reduced activity mutations in γ c which subvert T and NK cell maturation ( 2 ) . (biorxiv.org)
  • Flow cytometry was used to characterize the phenotype of HDI-responsive T cells. (cdc.gov)
  • We characterized two immunodominant CD8 T cell populations generated in response to immunization of BALB/c mice with a replication-deficient adenovirus serotype 5 vector expressing the HIV-derived Gag and Pol proteins at equivalent levels. (nih.gov)
  • METHODS: Lymphoid populations from 13 SSc-ILD and 6 healthy control (HC) lung explants were analyzed using Seurat following single cell RNA sequencing. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, the efficacy of gene therapy is limited by the challenge of delivering therapeutic agents to target cells. (avantilipids.com)
  • The molecular contents of EVs largely reflect the cell of origin and thus show cell-type specificity. (selectbiosciences.com)
  • CRISPR/Cas9 targeting of CHPF and CHPF2 in tumor cells reduced the average molecular weight of cell-surface chondroitin sulfate and resulted in a marked reduction of rVAR2 binding. (lu.se)
  • Rapid molecular assays are a new type of influenza diagnostic test that use isothermal nucleic acid amplification for viral detection. (cdc.gov)
  • After cell stimulation, locally produced cytokines are captured by a specific monoclonal antibody. (abcam.com)
  • The HDI-stimulated gamma/delta T cells were associated with T(H)1-like cytokines and produce IFN-gamma but not IL-5 or IL-13. (cdc.gov)
  • We use these data to identify the epigenomic characteristics and to define specific regulatory elements for each cell cluster. (nih.gov)
  • To begin to define the specificity determinants of RGENs in human cells, we sought to perform a large-scale test in which we assessed the effects of systematically mismatching various positions within multiple gRNA/target DNA interfaces. (cdc.gov)
  • Research on vitamin D regulation of thymocyte selection, Th1 and Th17 cells, T-cell programed cell death, and T-regulatory (Treg) cells is summarized and integrated into model mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
  • Descriptors are arranged in a hierarchical structure, which enables searching at various levels of specificity. (harvard.edu)
  • Knockout cell lysate achieved by CRISPR/Cas9. (abcam.com)
  • The lipids were also able to deliver mRNA encoding the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system and base editor BE3 to HeLa cells, resulting in efficient gene editing. (avantilipids.com)
  • Here, we use a human cell-based reporter assay to characterize off- target cleavage of Cas9-based RGENs. (cdc.gov)
  • Across cell types, perturbations associated with COVID-19 overlap with those found in chronic brain disorders and reside in genetic variants associated with cognition, schizophrenia and depression. (nature.com)
  • HPV type 11 was the most common and frequently found in conjunctival papilloma as analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). (medscape.com)
  • HPV types 6 and 11 are the most frequently found in conjunctival papilloma. (medscape.com)
  • It is found in cell types throughout the body though it is located predominantly in the lungs and kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, we found that ferroptosis is highly regulated by cell density. (duke.edu)
  • we have found the Hippo pathway effectors TAZ and YAP are responsible for the cell density-dependent ferroptosis (4, 6, 7). (duke.edu)
  • In this cohort of healthcare workers where we would not anticipate vaccine type to be related to health status, we found no substantial differences in the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection or covid-19 disease up to 20 weeks after vaccination. (cdc.gov)
  • We show that bivalent IL-2 muteins exhibit more regulatory T cell-selective signaling than monovalent forms. (biorxiv.org)
  • Within peripheral tissues iNKT cell recent thymic emigrants exhibit a different TCR repertoire than mature cells, suggesting that the iNKT population is shaped after arrival to the periphery. (elifesciences.org)
  • These clusters include known primary brain cell types and possible sub-types. (nih.gov)
  • DUSP9, a Dual-Specificity Phosphatase with a Key Role in Cell Biology and Human Diseases. (nih.gov)
  • This antibody may not be suitable for intracellular staining on some cell types. (biocheminfo.org)
  • Importantly, PLAP alone is not specific for placental EVs and multiplex antibody labeling is required to measure cell-specific events in plasma. (selectbiosciences.com)