Cell surface expression antigens surface. Medical search. Frequent questions

Most LY6 proteins are attached to the cell surface by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that is directly involved in signal transduction (Mallya et al. (nih.gov)
Comparative gene expression profiling of in vitro differentiated megakaryocytes and erythroblasts identifies novel activatory and inhibitory platelet membrane proteins. (nih.gov)
Recombinant expression of proteins of interest in Escherichia coli is an important tool in the determination of protein structure. (iucr.org)
However, lack of expression and insolubility remain significant challenges to the expression and crystallization of these proteins. (iucr.org)
There is extensive literature on the variables leading to insoluble recombinant expression of proteins. (iucr.org)
Independent of light scatter analysis, fluorescence measurements are achieved by transfection and expression of common fluorescent proteins (e.g. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Numerous types of labels can be used to visualize the antibodies for detection in the flow cytometer depending on the experimental design including nucleic acid dyes, cell viability dyes, polymer dyes, quantum dots, small organic molecules, and fluorescent proteins. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Common molecular biology applications include analysis of recombinantly expressed fluorescent proteins that have induced expression in various cell types to elucidate gene function or for in vivo cell tracking. (sigmaaldrich.com)
There he worked with Dr. Max D. Cooper (Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Academy of Sciences) and his research focused on cell surface proteins expressed by preB cells that regulate B cell maturation and homing. (ubc.ca)
In addition, he identified a number of novel hematopoietic stem cell surface proteins and began analyzing their function. (ubc.ca)
His laboratory has followed two primary interests: 1) the transcription factor networks that regulate fate determination in various cells that make blood, and 2) the cell surface proteins expressed by hematopoietic stem cells that and allow them to communicate with their microenvironment. (ubc.ca)
In this regard, his lab has identified a novel family of hematopoietic cell surface proteins, called the CD34 family, and shown that these are essential for a number of developmentally important processes. (ubc.ca)
Rspo proteins are secreted and can stabilize the effects of Wnt ligands by preventing ubiquitination and turnover of the Wnt receptor frizzled 9 , thereby dictating the size of the Lgr5 + stem cell pool by regulating self-renewal of Lgr5 + cells 10 . (nature.com)
HLA-DR is expressed primarily by B cells and dendritic cells (DC), in which it binds peptides derived from internalized and processed antigenic proteins. (rndsystems.com)
Previously, different types of immune cells were investigated and defined by the set of marker proteins that they express on their surface. (medicalxpress.com)
Expression of cytokines and chemokines in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was quite different in mice exposed to four particle types, as well as expression of antigen presentation-related surface proteins on BAL cells. (cdc.gov)
However, cDC1 can be compromised in cancer patients and some cancer cells lack these antigen-presenting proteins on their surface, impacting immunotherapy response. (lu.se)
Analysis of live and fixed cells may be based on size, granularity/complexity, fluorescent proteins, cell surface antigen expression, intracellular antigen expression, DNA content. (lu.se)
Our results indicate that several dozens of proteins for each cell type, are PE-lipoxidated in HT-22, MLE, and H9c2 cells and M2 macrophages after they were induced to undergo ferroptosis. (cdc.gov)
Pretreatment of cells with the strong nucleophile, 2-mercaptoethanol, prevented the formation of PE-lipoxidated proteins and blocked ferroptotic death. (cdc.gov)
These may be different molecules within the cells like proteins, polysaccharides, or nucleoproteins and may also be the whole cell, like a tumor cell or organisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, or agents containing genetic material such as nucleic acids or lipids. (medscape.com)
MHC class II genes provide instructions for making proteins that are present on the surface of certain immune system cells. (medlineplus.gov)
These proteins attach to protein fragments (peptides) outside the cell. (medlineplus.gov)

DC are professional antigen-presenting cells with the unique capacity to polarize the differentiation of T cells, thereby regulating the balance between inflammation and tolerance [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
We used the minimal gene regulatory network of type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) to reprogram cancer cells into professional antigen-presenting cells (tumor-APCs). (lu.se)

Adipose-derived MSCs, in particular, pose an attractive option for cell-based therapy due to their relatively decreased morbidity during isolation and potential for expansion and differentiation [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Multipotential differentiation of MSCs into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic cell lineages. (hindawi.com)
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) results from BCR-ABL oncogene, which blocks CML cells differentiation and protects these cells from apoptosis. (jcancer.org)
Here, we determined the effect of Jiyuan oridonin A (JOA), an ent -kaurene diterpenoid compound, on the differentiation blockade in imatinib-sensitive, particularly, imatinib-resistant CML cells with BCR-ABL-T315I mutation by cell proliferation assay, apoptosis analysis, cell differentiation analysis, cell cycle analysis and colony formation assay. (jcancer.org)
We found that JOA at lower concentration significantly inhibited the proliferation of CML cells expressing mutant BCR-ABL (T315I mutation included) and wild-type BCR-ABL, which was due to that JOA induced the cell differentiation and the cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. (jcancer.org)
Mechanistically, the cell differentiation mediated by JOA may be originated from the inhibition of BCR-ABL/c-MYC signaling in CML cells expressing wild-type BCR-ABL and BCR-ABL-T315I. (jcancer.org)
JOA displayed the activity of inhibiting the BCR-ABL and promoted differentiation of not only imatinib -sensitive but also imatinib -resistant cells with BCR-ABL mutation, which could become a potent lead compound to overcome the imatinib -resistant induced by inhibitors of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase in CML therapy. (jcancer.org)
BCR-ABL oncogene encodes a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase (TK), which triggers different downstream targets including c-Myc, STAT5 and CrkL, which participated in the control of cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and other cellular behaviors [ 3 - 5 ]. (jcancer.org)
Activation of mTOR-dependent pathways regulates the specification and differentiation of CD4 + T effector cell subsets. (jci.org)
He performed some of the first studies to identify transcription factors that regulate the gene expression and differentiation of eosinophils, which are known to play a major role in allergic and asthmatic responses. (ubc.ca)
Ly6C high MC presented downregulated co-stimulatory receptors (CD2, GITR, and TIM1) which direct immune cell proliferation, and upregulated co-stimulatory ligands (LIGHT and SEMA4A) which trigger antigen priming and differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
We have previously shown that the sialic acid-containing (Sia + ) fraction of intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) influences cell surface marker expression and cytokine/ chemokine secretion during the differentiation and maturation of human dendritic cells (DC). (scirp.org)
Differentiation into Th1 depends on the presence of IFN-γ and IL-12, which bind to receptors on the surface of CD4 T cells 5 . (bvsalud.org)
This binding initiates a cascade of events that culminates in differentiation into Th1 cells, by increasing the transcription factor T-bet 12 . (bvsalud.org)
Th2 cells have a differentiation process which is dependent on IL-4, which causes the activation of the transcription factor STAT 6 . (bvsalud.org)
Stem and progenitor cell populations are often heterogeneous, which may reflect stem cell subsets that express subtly different properties, including different propensities for lineage selection upon differentiation, yet remain able to interconvert. (lu.se)
A key challenge is to understand how state, but must also afford flexibility in cell-fate choice to permit the different cell-fate options confronting stem and progenitor cell-type diversification and differentiation in response to cells are selected and coordinated such that adoption of a given intrinsic cues or extrinsic signals. (lu.se)
Evidence the fate of stem cells has broad ramifications for biomedical suggests that during development or differentiation, cells make science from elucidating the causes of cancer to the use of very precise transitions between apparently stable ``network stem cells in regenerative medicine. (lu.se)

The human T lymphocyte antigen CD2 (T11, sheep erythrocyte receptor) is expressed on all peripheral T cells and all but the most immature thymocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
Experiments with monoclonal antibodies against CD2 suggest that CD2 is the cell surface receptor for a natural ligand involved in T cell proliferation. (ox.ac.uk)
[ 2 ] Options for second-line therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory disease include chemotherapy-free regimens with biologic targeted agents such as covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, lenalidomide,venetoclax, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. (medscape.com)
CD247 is T-cell receptor zeta, which along with T-cell receptor alpha/beta and gamma/delta heterodimers, and also with CD3-gamma, -delta and -epsilon, creates the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex. (prospecbio.com)
Schlemm's canal cell isolates reacted with antibodies specific for CD44 (hyaluron receptor), CD54 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1, ICAM-1), tissue-type plasminogen activator, and TM-inducible glucocorticoid-responsive protein-myocilin (TIGR-MYOC). (nih.gov)
The ζ polypeptide is part of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR). (harvard.edu)
In this approach, immune cells (known as T cells) are taken from a single human donor and genetically modified in the laboratory to express a receptor that recognizes B cells. (upenn.edu)
This type of treatment is known as adoptive immunotherapy and the cells that are infused into the patients are known as universal chimeric antigen receptor T cells (UCAR T cells). (upenn.edu)
Ly6C high MC exhibited activated neutrophil degranulation, lysosome, cytokine production/receptor interaction and myeloid cell activation pathways, and Ly6C low MC presented features of lymphocyte immunity pathways in both mice. (frontiersin.org)
This report evaluates G-protein-coupled receptor family C group 5 member D (GPRC5D) from an industry perspective for its suitability as a tumor-specific target for cancer therapy based on its expression profile and preclinical and clinical safety and efficacy data of the various drug modalities employed for discovery and development of GPRC5D-targeted therapy candidates. (bharatbook.com)
The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of androgen receptor (AR) inhibition on prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) uptake imaged using 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET in a mouse xenograft model and in a patient with castration-sensitive prostate cancer. (snmjournals.org)
In fact, cellular PSMA expression is regulated by the androgen receptor (AR), which is frequently targeted during prostate cancer treatments and can therefore confound interpretation. (snmjournals.org)
CD45RB enhances both T cell receptor and B cell receptor signaling mediated activation. (biolegend.com)
The colonic epithelial turnover is driven by crypt-base stem cells that express the R-spondin receptor Lgr5. (nature.com)
It presents these peptides on the cell surface for recognition by the T cell receptor on CD4 + T cells. (rndsystems.com)
FGFR2 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 2) FGFR2 is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that is responsible for mediating a number of intracellular processes culminating in cell growth and proliferation. (azbio.org)
Aim: To evaluate the involvement of Th2 cells in different periods of the active phase of experimental periodontal disease and expression of the R1 subunit of the receptor for IFN-γ during the early and advanced progression of the disease. (bvsalud.org)
This signal together with the T Cell Receptor (TCR) induces the expression of GATA-3. (bvsalud.org)

Characterized by cell-surface molecules including CD103, CD69, and CD49a, T RM -like tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be found in a wide range of human cancers, where they portend improved prognosis. (frontiersin.org)
MSCs are able to evade the host cell immune system due to their low expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and complete lack MHC class II molecules and other costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD40L, CD80, and CD86) required for immune cell stimulation [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
Although the expression of MHC class I and II molecules can be upregulated by MSC exposure to inflammatory cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN- γ ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α ), they are still unable to induce an immunological response [ 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
Through gene knockout studies he has shown that these molecules act as a type of molecular "Teflon" to make cells more mobile and invasive and also facilitate chemotaxis. (ubc.ca)
He has delineated the function of these molecules in diverse set of biological processes including: 1) gut and kidney formation, 2) vascular permeability, 3) mucosal inflammatory disease, 4) stem cell homing and migration, and 5) epithelial tumor progression. (ubc.ca)
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in screening bioassays for new molecules, including mAbs, interfering with immune checkpoints . (invivogen.com)
To perform this function, DC are capable of capturing antigens, processing them, and presenting them on the cell surface complexed to major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules, for example, human leukocyte antigen- (HLA-) DR. Along with that, context-dependent expression of costimulatory molecules, such as CD80 and CD86, and secretion of cytokines occurs. (hindawi.com)
Reprogramming restored the expression of antigen presentation complexes and costimulatory molecules on the surfaces of tumor cells, allowing the. (lu.se)
Dendritic cells display molecules called antigens on their surfaces. (medicalxpress.com)
These molecules are recognised by T cells which then mount an immune response. (medicalxpress.com)
TSAs and TAAs typically are portions of intracellular molecules expressed on the cell surface as part of the major histocompatibility complex. (msdmanuals.com)
Progression of periodontal lesions is caused by dysregulation of molecules (cytokines) released by specific cell populations 5 . (bvsalud.org)
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Polymorphic molecules expressed on the surface of certain blood cells are traditionally categorized as blood groups and human platelet or neutrophil antigens. (lu.se)
The immune system is an inherent self-defense system consisting of cells that helps the body distinguish between self and non-self molecules. (medscape.com)
Antigens are the molecules that are recognized and stimulate the cells of immune system. (medscape.com)
Immunoglobulins (Igs), the term is sometimes used interchangeably with "antibodies," are glycoprotein molecules produced by B lymphocytes and plasma cells in response to an immunogen or after recognition of specific epitopes on the antigen. (medscape.com)
Variable region constitutes the antibody binding region of the molecule to the different antigens as it consists of about 110 amino acids that vary widely among the different antibody molecules. (medscape.com)
CD117 by immunohistochemical methods sion molecules, involved in cell-cell and in order to clarify the role of the infiltrating cell matrix interactions and thought to take inflammatory cells in the pathomechanisms part in cell motility [ 2,3 ]. (who.int)

Using immunohistochemistry, radiobinding, and indirect immunofluorescence assays, seven distinct cell surface antigens, detected by monoclonal antibodies, were analyzed for the degree of homogeneity or heterogeneity of antigen expression on A Panel of human small cell lung cancers. (elsevierpure.com)
The heterogeneity of antigen expression on lung cancer cells has significant implications for the use of these and other monoclonal antibodies in the study and therapy of lung cancer. (elsevierpure.com)
Together with B and T cells , antibodies comprise the most important part of the adaptive immune system . (wikipedia.org)
Initially, all antibodies are of the first form, attached to the surface of a B cell - these are then referred to as B-cell receptors (BCR). (wikipedia.org)
After an antigen binds to a BCR, the B cell activates to proliferate and differentiate into either plasma cells , which secrete soluble antibodies with the same paratope, or memory B cells , which survive in the body to enable long-lasting immunity to the antigen. (wikipedia.org)
View ColorWheel® protocol steps for flow cytometry analysis when using ColorWheel® antibodies with ColorWheel® dyes including antibody preparation, PBMC sample preparation, cell surface staining, and intracellular (cytoplasmic) staining. (sigmaaldrich.com)
A large number of the Prestige Antibodies have been used in subcellular localization studies by immunofluorescence (IF) staining of three cell lines: A-431, U-2 OS, and U-251MG. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Flow cytometry antibodies are used to specifically bind to different cell markers, helping to characterize the cell type and assess any changes in protein expression as part of the experiment. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Biologic drugs as therapy have improved the treatment of many diseases, but their success is often tempered by antidrug antibodies (ADAs), which specifically recognise the therapeutic molecule as a foreign antigen. (ddw-online.com)
In the B cell system protective memory is mediated by plasma cells that secrete antibodies, whereas reactive memory is mediated by memory B cells that proliferate and differentiate to plasma cells in response to secondary antigenic stimulation. (scielo.br)
The UCHL1 antibody is commonly used in combination with antibodies against CD45RA to discern memory and naïve T cells. (biolegend.com)
Historically, these cells have proven to be convenient target cells in studies assessing the effector functions mediated by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). (invivogen.com)
Monoclonal antibodies against a glycoprotein presumably involved in adhesion of aggregating Dictyostelium discoideum cells have been used for labeling of the antigen at the cell surface. (uni-regensburg.de)
Another antigen strongly reacting with the same monoclonal antibodies has an apparent molecular weight of 106 000 and is not detectable before slugs are formed. (uni-regensburg.de)
Host Response to Tumors The immune response to foreign antigens consists of Humoral mechanisms (eg, antibodies) Cellular mechanisms (See also Tumor Antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
The cellular response is mainly a lymphocyte-mediated reaction, whereas the humoral response includes production of antibodies against the antigen by the plasma cells. (medscape.com)
The antibodies then specifically bind to only those particular antigens. (medscape.com)
Antibodies can be found on the surface of lymphocytes as an integral part of the cell membrane protein or can be freely circulating in the blood or be part of one of the body's gland secretion. (medscape.com)

Our approach serves as a platform for the development of immunotherapies that endow cancer cells with the capability to process and present endogenous tumor antigens. (lu.se)
By using direct reprogramming strategies, I could induce the expression of tumor antigens on the surface of cancer cells, making them visible to the immune system again. (lu.se)
when it comes to cancer they are critical as they present tumor antigens to the killer cells of the immune system and orchestrate the anti-tumor immune response. (lu.se)

The murine homologue of the T lymphocyte CD2 antigen: molecular cloning, chromosome assignment and cell surface expression. (ox.ac.uk)
Murine MC are divided into three subsets based on surface expression of lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus C (Ly6C) ( 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
discuss the role of integrins in T cell- mediated immunity, with a focus on how these receptors participate in lymphocyte recirculation and T cell activation, how antigen stimulation regulates integrin activity, and how integrins define functionally unique subsets of T cells and APCs. (scielo.br)
The earliest cell in B-lymphocyte lineage that produces Ig is the pre-B lymphocyte. (medscape.com)

The zeta chain has a central role in coupling antigen recognition to several intracellular signal-transduction pathways. (prospecbio.com)
Here we report the expression of the intracellular part of the ζ-chain and its biochemical characterization. (harvard.edu)

In the early 2000's, large and persistent populations of antigen (Ag)-specific CD8 T cells in peripheral tissues were initially classified as T EM cells in recirculation from the blood ( 8 , 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
Using a combination of super high-resolution microscopy and soft X-ray tomography , the team characterised AV populations including vesicle size distribution and variations in antigen loading. (diamond.ac.uk)
The experiments were sensitive to differences in antigen loading and vesicle size and a robust and direct analytical method was established to characterise AV populations which can be used to assess any manufacturing changes required for scale up. (diamond.ac.uk)
Numerous fields of study use flow cytometry and often analyze multiple parameters within diverse populations of cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Herein, we show that mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2 have distinct roles in the generation of CD8 + T cell effector and memory populations. (jci.org)
Recent studies indicate that memory T lymphocytes contain distinct populations of central memory (T CM cells) and effector memory (T EM ) cells characterized by distinct homing capacity and effector function. (scielo.br)
In a very interesting review, P. MARRACK & J. KAPPLER focus on naïve, activated, and memory T cells survival separately, and discuss experiments done in vitro and in mice lacking or containing normal populations of lymphocytes. (scielo.br)
We identify two populations of cells with active Wnt signaling: highly proliferative Lgr5 + /Axin2 + cells, as well as secretory Lgr5 − /Axin2 + cells. (nature.com)
Lgr5 is a well-established marker of these basal stem cells in the gastrointestinal tract 1 and lineage tracing experiments have demonstrated that Lgr5 + cells give rise to clonal cell populations establishing entire colonic crypts 2 . (nature.com)
The FACS Aria may be used for analysis or for physically separating out cell populations based on their fluorescence labelling. (lu.se)
Understanding cell-fate decisions in stem cell populations is a major goal of modern biology. (lu.se)
Transcriptomic profiling of T-cell populations in non-muscle invasive and muscle invasive bladder cancer. (lu.se)

CD15 (Lewis x), also known as stage specific embryonic antigen-1 (SSEA-1) is a trisacharide determinant (3-fucosyl-N-acetyllactosamine) expressed on several glycolipids, glycoproteins and proteoglycans of various cell types, e.g. granulocytes, mast cells, monocytes, macrophages, cells of gastric mucosa, nervous system or various tumour cells. (exbio.cz)
The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is com- isolate the NSCs from neonatal mice and rats (Campos monly used as a cell surface marker to identify the pluri- et al. (lu.se)
The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is brain. (lu.se)

HHcy in Cbs -/- mice reinforced inflammatory features in Ly6C high MC by upregulating inflammatory TFs ( Ets1 and Tbx21 ) and strengthened lymphocytes functional adaptation in Ly6C low MC by increased expression of CD3, DR3, ICOS, and Fos . (frontiersin.org)
Ly6C low MC manifested activated T-cell signaling pathways and potentially can adapt the function of lymphocytes. (frontiersin.org)
Human primary tumor cells could also be reprogrammed to increase their capability to present antigen and to activate patient-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. (lu.se)
Total cell number, mononuclear phagocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lymphocytes, and LDH levels were significantly increased in ASB and CNT-exposed mice. (cdc.gov)
CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes play an import role in the inflammatory response, as these cells may manage the profile of cytokines produced against an infectious agent 4 . (bvsalud.org)
Le pourcentage de CD44 dans les lymphocytes T périphériques était significativement plus élevé chez les patients que chez les témoins, comme détecté par la cytométrie en flux. (who.int)

The precise spatial and temporal impact of immune cells and their cytokines on fracture healing remains obscure. (hindawi.com)
The normal process of fracture repair begins with an immediate inflammatory response as the innate immune system (macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and NK cells) responds with a variety of cytokines that recruit and activate several cell types, including osteoprogenitor mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), to the site of injury [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
In macrophage-colony stimulating factor (MCSF) generated macrophages, Sia + IgG induced increased production of numerous cytokines/ chemokines including IL-6, TNFα, CXCL1, and IL-10, and the expression of the macrophage surface marker CD163. (scirp.org)
D. Bruder, E. , O. Richards, J. , M. Michel, K. and Oaks, M. (2016) Differential Effects of Alternative Glycoforms of IgG on Human Monocytes and Macrophages: Sialylated IgG Induces Novel Expression Signatures of Cell Surface Markers, Cytokines, and Chemokines. (scirp.org)
In the case of cytokine release, pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα, IFNɣ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 are released consecutive to the co-activation of DCs and T cells. (ddw-online.com)
CD45 isoform expression can change in response to cytokines. (biolegend.com)
These data support a model in which caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis is the principal mechanism that results in CD4 T cell loss in the GALT and lymphoid organs and release of proinflammatory cytokines. (bvsalud.org)
They can be distinguished based on the profile of cytokines produced: Th1 cells produce characteristic cytokines such as IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-β, IL-12, while active Th2 cells secrete IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-136. (bvsalud.org)

To allow the immune system to recognize millions of different antigens, the antigen-binding sites at both tips of the antibody come in an equally wide variety. (wikipedia.org)

Sia + IgG induced increased expression of CD80 and dendritic cell immunoreceptor (DCIR) on monocytes, whereas the expression of HLA-DR was decreased. (scirp.org)
Restoring antitumor immunity with dendritic cell reprogramming strategies. (lu.se)
Researchers have identified two new dendritic cell subtypes and two monocyte subtypes. (medicalxpress.com)
They have also discovered a new dendritic cell progenitor. (medicalxpress.com)
Alexandra Gabriela Barros Ferreira defends her Ph.D. thesis "Restoring antitumor immunity with dendritic cell reprogramming strategies" on Friday, 17 November, 2023. (lu.se)
My Ph.D. studies have focused on restoring anti-tumor immunity with dendritic cell reprogramming strategies. (lu.se)

The antibody recognizes a unique molecule of the pathogen, called an antigen . (wikipedia.org)
Raji-APC cells stably overexpressing an IC molecule (e.g. hPD-L1) are part of InvivoGen's anti-IC assay (Bio-IC™) . (invivogen.com)
Any molecule capable of being recognized by the immune system is considered an antigen. (msdmanuals.com)

T RM responses against tumor/self-antigens can concurrently result in the development of pathogenic T RM responses to self, with a growing number of autoimmune diseases and inflammatory pathologies being attributed to T RM responses. (frontiersin.org)
Interestingly, the number of CD80 + pDC positively correlates with the presence of IL-10-producing regulatory type 1 cells (Tr1), an important cell type for maintaining peripheral tolerance to self-antigens. (hindawi.com)

We discuss these properties with examples both from the hematopoietic and embryonic stem cell (ESC) systems. (lu.se)
2005). Notch1 and syndecan-1 potent human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (lu.se)

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a 100-kD transmembrane glycoprotein that is overexpressed on nearly all prostate cancers, particularly poorly differentiated and metastatic lesions ( 1 - 3 ). (snmjournals.org)
PSMA (prostate specific membrane antigen) PSMA is a cell surface protein that mediates signal transduction processes leading to cell migration. (azbio.org)

LY6G5C belongs to a cluster of leukocyte antigen-6 (LY6) genes located in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region on chromosome 6. (nih.gov)
By statistical analysis, it was possible to compare the expression of these genes between 6-OHDA group and vehicle group. (helsinki.fi)
In other genes there were no statistical differences, unlike in several other studies where the expression was found to be increased. (helsinki.fi)
We demonstrate that while Rspo3 from myofibroblasts maintains colonic Lgr5 + cells during homeostasis, during injury its main function is not to maintain Lgr5 + cells but to interact with more differentiated cells that express Lgr4 but not Lgr5 and are able to regain expression of Wnt target genes and generate new crypts. (nature.com)
explosion further, consider that a fictitious small genome with 2002) More recently and more dramatically, the potential for 260 genes would host the same number of combinations as cell state conversions is exemplified by the reprogramming of the number of atoms in the visible universe! (lu.se)
The HLA-DRB1 gene is part of a family of genes called the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. (medlineplus.gov)

These cells allow different types of assays to be performed, covering the T cell-mediated immune response from antigen uptake to T cell proliferation. (ddw-online.com)
A T cell activation and proliferation (i.e. (ddw-online.com)
These are recognised by T cells, resulting in proliferation. (ddw-online.com)
The antigen priming of CD4+ T cells by mature MoDCs leads to the proliferation of CD4+ T cells in in-vitro PBMC assays. (ddw-online.com)
Stimulation of naive CD4 cells by specific antigen results in proliferation and changes in cell surface marker expression as the cells differentiate into effector and memory cells. (unboundmedicine.com)
AU - Lee,W T, AU - Pelletier,W J, PY - 1998/9/23/pubmed PY - 1998/9/23/medline PY - 1998/9/23/entrez SP - 1 EP - 11 JF - Cellular immunology JO - Cell Immunol VL - 188 IS - 1 N2 - Stimulation of naive CD4 cells by specific antigen results in proliferation and changes in cell surface marker expression as the cells differentiate into effector and memory cells. (unboundmedicine.com)

The terms antibody and immunoglobulin are often used interchangeably, [1] though the term 'antibody' is sometimes reserved for the secreted, soluble form, i.e. excluding B-cell receptors. (wikipedia.org)

The 80 kilodalton glycoprotein typical of aggregation competent cells has been purified by affinity chromatography on a monoclonal antibody column. (uni-regensburg.de)

In 2018, our research group identified the three transcription factors that allow us to convert fibroblasts, for example from the skin, into type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1). (lu.se)

Resident memory (T RM ) cells are a distinct tissue-localized T cell lineage that is crucial for protective immunity in peripheral tissues. (frontiersin.org)
While a great deal of effort has focused on defining their role in immunity to infections, studies now reveal T RM cells as a vital component of the host immune response to cancer. (frontiersin.org)
This review will recount the path to discovering the importance of resident memory CD8 T cells as they pertain to cancer immunity. (frontiersin.org)
In addition to highlighting key studies that directly implicate T RM cells in anti-tumor immunity, we will highlight earlier work that implicitly suggested their importance. (frontiersin.org)
The recent success of T cell immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies for cancer has revealed CD8 T cells as potent mediators of immunity against advanced cancers ( 4 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
These early classifications of T cell memory were quickly brought to bear on the question of what T cell subset provides the best immunity against cancer. (frontiersin.org)
Second, the authors discuss that inability to resolve infection and prevent disease may not be a consequence of the generation of an inadequate number of Th1 cells but of an intrinsic deficiency in macrophage function that prevents these cells from expressing immunity. (scielo.br)
The authors also argue that memory B and T cell responses are long-lived in the absence of antigen, but they are modulated and influenced by other infections and that memory B and T cells can either provide protective immunity or contribute to immunopathology on infection with homologous or heterologous viruses. (scielo.br)
Recent evidence also suggests involvement of innate immunity, including dendritic cells (DC), in the initiation and maintenance as well as progression of MS [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
The cells that have the inherent property of innate and adaptive immunity within the body are present at different sites including the blood, lymphatic system (lymph, lymphoid nodules and lymphoid organs), epithelium, and connective tissues. (medscape.com)

Monocytes are the largest type of white blood cell and can develop into macrophages that digest debris in our cells. (medicalxpress.com)
Epithelial cell counts in BAL after Cl2 exposure were greater in TCR-delta-/- mice, but macrophages showed a later peak and granulocyte numbers were lower in TCR-delta-/- than in wild type mice. (cdc.gov)
Anti-inflammatory macrophages and tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC-10), together with CD14+ efferocytes, are consistently found to correlate with a vaccine-induced decrease in the risk of SIV/SHIV acquisition. (bvsalud.org)
The constant region at the carboxyl-terminal end of the heavy chain, called the Fc region, binds to the Fc receptors of neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells, and the natural killer (NK) cells. (medscape.com)

Finally, the gene expression of Atf4, Ire1α, Xbp1s, Xbp1t, Grp78 and Chop was measured from these cDNA samples by qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction). (helsinki.fi)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve a role in gene expression, primarily by interacting with messenger RNAs, and may be potential biomarkers for detecting cancer. (spandidos-publications.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that bind complementary messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to repress gene expression and regulate essentially all cellular processes 19 . (nature.com)
Wellcome-funded researchers used a technique called single-cell genomics to analyse gene expression patterns in individual human blood cells. (medicalxpress.com)
Our previous work has shown that industrially produced MWCNTs trigger specific changes in gene expression in the lungs of exposed animals. (cdc.gov)
To elucidate whether epigenetic effects play a role for these gene expression changes, we performed whole genome bisulphite sequencing to assess DNA methylation patterns in the lungs 56 days after exposure to MWCNTs. (cdc.gov)
Integrated analysis of transcriptomics data and DNA methylation data revealed concordant changes in gene expression. (cdc.gov)
Taken together, the present study revealed that MWCNTs exert epigenetic effects in the lungs of exposed animals, potentially driving the subsequent gene expression changes. (cdc.gov)
states'' or gene expression patterns. (lu.se)
In reality, gene somatic cells to a pluripotent cell state by a handful of transcrip- expression is graded, making the potential gene expression tion factors (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006). (lu.se)

Monocytes (MC) are bone marrow (BM) derived mononuclear phagocytes that play an important role in innate immune response and are the major immune cell population in chronic tissue inflammatory ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Our data indicate that the Sia + fraction of IVIG possesses the ability to influence inflammatory processes in multiple immune cell types and induces novel signatures in cell surface marker expression and cytokine/chemokine production. (scirp.org)
Based on previous efforts focusing on the role of the adaptive immune system in the pathogenesis of MS, it is currently well established that autoreactive T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells mediate the inflammatory processes in the CNS [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Here we show that caspase-1-induced pyroptosis, a highly inflammatory programmed cell death pathway, is the dominant mechanism responsible for the rapid depletion of CD4 T cells in gut-associated lymphatic tissue (GALT), spleen, and lymph nodes during acute simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in rhesus macaques. (bvsalud.org)

Studies of viral attachment to cultured gastrointestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) using recombinant virus-like particles or infectious noroviruses indicate that specific histo-blood group antigens play a key role in the attachment of the virus to the host cells ( 13 - 17 ). (cdc.gov)
Signals that regulate epithelial regeneration upon stem cell injury are largely unknown. (nature.com)
Chemical injury induced by DSS leads to a loss of both Lgr5 + cells and Axin2 + cells and epithelial regeneration is driven by Axin2 − cells, including differentiated Krt20 + surface enterocytes. (nature.com)
We demonstrate that Rspo3 is essential for epithelial repair via induction of Wnt signaling in differentiated cells. (nature.com)
The majority of epithelial cells are therefore short-lived, in contrast to a limited number of long-lived stem cells in the base of the crypts. (nature.com)
While Lgr5 + cells are long-lived and act as stem cells during homeostatic conditions, experimental models have demonstrated that Lgr5 + stem cells per se are not essential for maintaining epithelial integrity 3 . (nature.com)
Thus, we find that endogenous Rspo3 signaling is a critical determinant of cellular fate within the crypt and stimulates rapid recruitment of differentiated cells for epithelial wound healing and crypt regeneration through induction of Wnt signaling. (nature.com)
The role of gamma delta T cells in airway epithelial injury and bronchial responsiveness after chlorine gas exposure in mice. (cdc.gov)
Epithelial proliferating cell nuclear antigen staining was increased at 1 and 3 days post exposure and was similar in the two groups. (cdc.gov)

A rabbit antiserum raised against purified human CD2, precipitated from surface-labeled mouse thymocytes a glycoprotein of Mr 55,000-66,000 which decreased to Mr 35,000 on digestion with endo-beta-acetylglucosaminidase F. These sizes are consistent with those predicted for the murine CD2 antigen from the cDNA sequence. (ox.ac.uk)
T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain (CD247) is a member of the CD3Z/FCER1G family. (prospecbio.com)

Morphology, growth characteristics, and expression of endothelial surface antigens and other cellular markers were evaluated. (nih.gov)
Sia + IgG also increased the expression of cell surface markers associated with macrophage polarization (e.g. (scirp.org)
In this study, we examined the acquisition of memory markers after the initial stimulation of naive T cells. (unboundmedicine.com)
However, individual surface markers exhibited a varied relationship to cell division. (unboundmedicine.com)
Although changes in some markers (L-selectin) occurred independently of cell division, changes in other markers were either strictly related to cell division (CD45RB) or were a prerequisite to cell division (CD4, CD44). (unboundmedicine.com)
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Surface markers were monitored by flow cytometry on developing cells during the erythroid culture of CD34+ cells. (lu.se)
CD133+), but are rarely codetected with the neural stem dents, very few human-specific NSC markers have been cell (NSC) marker CD15. (lu.se)
2000). In *Correspondence to: Perrine Barraud, Department of Veterinary Medi- contrast, several cell surface markers have been used to cine, Neurosciences, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OES, United enrich for NSCs in the rodent CNS. (lu.se)

The current objective was to develop a technique for selective isolation and culture of endothelial cells from human SC. (nih.gov)
Efficient recognition of foreign pathogens by T cells requires adhesive interactions between T cells and other cell types, such as endothelial cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and with components of the extracellular matrix. (scielo.br)

Cannulation of SC with gelatin-coated suture material is an effective method for the isolation of human SC cells and provides a cellular model to study the potential role of SC cells in aqueous humor outflow function. (nih.gov)
Our results demonstrate that the highly differentiated 3-D cell culture model can support the natural growth of human noroviruses, whereas previous attempts that used differentiated monolayer cultures failed. (cdc.gov)
However, these models do not answer the fundamental questions of human norovirus attachment and entry into cells of the human gastrointestinal tract. (cdc.gov)
Representative models of differentiated human intestinal epithelium can be established by growing cells in 3 dimensions (3-D) on collagen-I-coated porous microcarrier beads in rotating-wall vessel (RWV) bioreactors that model the physiologic fluid-shear environment in their respective organs ( 21 - 24 ). (cdc.gov)
The human cells are also genetically altered so that the dog's immune system does not reject the human cells. (upenn.edu)
The genetically modified human cells are expanded outside of the body to produce large numbers of killer T cells that can recognize and kill the dog's B cells. (upenn.edu)
The CAR approach has shown promising results in people with blood cancers such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), however, this is the first time that human CAR T cells will be used in canine patients. (upenn.edu)
This study uses genetically modified human CAR T cells. (upenn.edu)
The human T cells will be genetically modified in the laboratory to become UCART-20 cells designed to recognize, target, and kill CD20+ B cells. (upenn.edu)
Human MC were initially divided into three subsets based on the cell surface expression of CD14 and CD16, and recently classified based on CD40 expression ( 2 - 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
The present study examined the effects of Sia + IgG on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived monocyte and macrophage surface marker expression and cytokine/chemokine secretion. (scirp.org)
Usually, human primary immune cells are employed for in vitro biological assays for immunogenicity prediction, and though they are generally obtained from healthy donors, samples from specific subpopulations of patients can be of interest in the study of disease-specific immunogenic reactions. (ddw-online.com)
Expression of each miRNA machinery component strongly correlates with intratumoral T cell infiltration in nearly all human cancer types. (nature.com)
Increased expression of FGFR2 protein has been observed in a number of human malignancies, including gastric, lung, ovarian, and breast cancers. (azbio.org)
Enforced expression of the transcription factors PU.1, IRF8, and BATF3 (PIB) was sufficient to induce the cDC1 phenotype in 36 cell lines derived from human and mouse hematological and solid tumors. (lu.se)
Flow cytometry: The reagent is designed for analysis of human blood cells using 4 μl reagent / 100 μl of whole blood or 10 6 cells in a suspension. (exbio.cz)
Scientists have identified new classes of cells in the human immune system. (medicalxpress.com)
This research is one of the first major findings to come out of the Human Cell Atlas initiative, announced last year. (medicalxpress.com)
Single-cell RNA-seq reveals new types of human blood dendritic cells, monocytes, and progenitors, Science (2017). (medicalxpress.com)

There his work focused on transcriptional control of hematopoietic stem cell maturation and cell fate. (ubc.ca)
GPRC5D expression on CD138 cells is independent of B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) expression and showed a membranous pattern. (bharatbook.com)

provides an overview of the dynamic in vivo life of NK cells from their development in the bone marrow to their mature cellular responses in the periphery and their ultimate demise, with emphasis on mouse NK cells and viral infections. (scielo.br)
Target cells in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) or antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) , either with peripheral blood mononuclear cells, Natural Killer cells, or Jurkat-derived reporter T cells. (invivogen.com)
Compared to NCI05, NCI09 mediates higher titers of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) to gp120-coated cells, as well as higher levels of trogocytosis, a monocyte function that contributes to immune evasion. (bvsalud.org)
We focused particularly on harnessing reprogramming, or direct cellular reprogramming, to induce antigen presentation in cancer cells. (lu.se)
The body's immune system can react adaptively against the antigen via 2 pathways: cellular or humoral. (medscape.com)
Epitopes are a component of the antigen that are recognized by the immune system and determine whether the cellular or the humoral arm of the immune system shall be activated against that particular antigen. (medscape.com)

It is hoped that these cells will kill your dog's B cells, reduce tumor burden and induce clinical remission. (upenn.edu)
Direct reprogramming strategies with cDC1-specific factors can induce antigen-presentation in cancer cells, making cancer cells visible to the immune system and easier to fight. (lu.se)
Similarly, GATA-1 has been shown to induce lineage switching expression values even if, for simplicity, we assume only ``on'' of committed cells in hematopoiesis, first in cell lines (Kulessa and ``off'' states for each gene. (lu.se)

Tumor development has been said to occur in three distinct steps: inefficient elimination of early transformed cells, development of a state of equilibrium between tumor cells and immune cells, and tumor escape from immune pressure ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
While innate immune cells are important for early tumor immune surveillance, T cells are fundamentally recognized for their crucial role in the antigen-specific recognition and elimination of malignantly transformed cells ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
From here, the antigen is slowly released and provided to immune cells over an extended period of time. (mdpi.com)
Osteoprogenitor MSCs not only differentiate into bone, but they also exert modulatory effects on immune cells via a variety of mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
In this paper, we review the current literature on both in vitro and in vivo studies on the role of the immune system in fracture repair, the use of MSCs in the enhancement of fracture healing, and interactions between MSCs and immune cells. (hindawi.com)
Different pathways regulate different immune cells to help the body differentiate the bodies own healthy cells from disease-causing agents including bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, cancerous cells, and many more. (medscape.com)

With all assays, considerable heterogeneity of antigen expression between tumors from different Patients was observed. (elsevierpure.com)
In both fresh tumors and in cell lines, as well as in cell lines established from different metastatic sites in an individual Patient, we observed intratumor heterogeneity finding antigen Positive and negative cells and variation in antigenic density, by immunohistochemistry and indirect immunofluorescence assays. (elsevierpure.com)
In addition, when cell lines or Patient samples expressing antigen Positive and antigen negative tumor cells were cloned, heterogeneity of antigenic expression was still Present in the clonal lines. (elsevierpure.com)
This suggests that either the expression of the antigen was not heritable and/or the ability to regenerate antigenic heterogeneity is an intrinsic Property of the tumor cells. (elsevierpure.com)
review the heterogeneity of the current models for memory T cells generation and maintenance in humans and mice. (scielo.br)
Cancer cells acquire genetic heterogeneity to escape from immune surveillance during tumor evolution, but a systematic approach to distinguish driver from passenger mutations is lacking. (nature.com)
It is therefore imperative to uncover novel immune evasion mechanisms in the dynamic tumor-immune microenvironment by untangling the genetic heterogeneity of cancer cells. (nature.com)

Cells grown on porous collage-coated beads under fluid shear conditions in rotating wall vessel bioreactors differentiate into 3-D architectures resembling both the morphologic and physiologic function of in vivo tissues. (cdc.gov)
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stem cells, have the capacity to differentiate into a variety of cell types (Figure 1 ), including adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
In order to differentiate into Th1 or Th2 cells, CD4 T cells must become antigen-activated. (bvsalud.org)

[2] [3] Each tip of the "Y" of an antibody contains a paratope (analogous to a lock) that is specific for one particular epitope (analogous to a key) on an antigen, allowing these two structures to bind together with precision. (wikipedia.org)
The MEM-55 antibody is specific for a glycosylated-CD45RB epitope that is highly expressed on memory B cells and plasmablasts but not on naïve B cells. (biolegend.com)

The cells are new classes of types of white blood cells called dendritic cells and monocytes. (medicalxpress.com)
Divya Shah, from Wellcome's Infection and Immunobiology team, says: "Two important white blood cell types in our bodies help defend us from infection - dendritic cells and monocytes. (medicalxpress.com)

Using this binding mechanism, an antibody can tag a microbe or an infected cell for attack by other parts of the immune system, or can neutralize it directly (for example, by blocking a part of a virus that is essential for its invasion). (wikipedia.org)
The class hence determines the function triggered by an antibody after binding to an antigen, in addition to some structural features. (wikipedia.org)
Structurally an antibody is also partitioned into two antigen-binding fragments (Fab), containing one V L , V H , C L , and C H 1 domain each, as well as the crystallisable fragment (Fc), forming the trunk of the Y shape. (wikipedia.org)
The cells were then stained with APC Hamster Anti-Mouse CD3e antibody (Cat. (bdbiosciences.com)
Similarly, V2-specific antibody responses mediating ADCC, Th1 and Th2 cells expressing no or low levels of CCR5, and envelope-specific NKp44+ cells producing interleukin 17 (IL-17) also are reproducible correlates of decreased risk of virus acquisition. (bvsalud.org)

Cancer can be considered a disease of immune dysfunction, with a failure of immune recognition leading to the outgrowth of malignant cells as tumors ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)

Combined, these approaches have led to the discovery of a myriad of mechanisms underlying cancer susceptibility to or evasion from T cell attack. (nature.com)
The mechanisms underlying depletion of CD4 T cells during acute HIV-1 infection are not well understood. (bvsalud.org)
Other programmed cell death mechanisms, including mitochondria-induced caspase-independent cell death, necroptosis, and autophagy, did not significantly contribute to CD4 T cell depletion. (bvsalud.org)
IMPORTANCE Different mechanisms for CD4 T cell depletion during acute HIV-1 infection have been proposed. (bvsalud.org)
Other mechanisms may also contribute in a minor way to CD4 T cell depletion. (bvsalud.org)

Numerous experiments show that the factors affecting T cell viability vary depending on the type and status of the T cell involved. (scielo.br)
The expanded line was evaluated for viability surface antigen expression and alkaline phosphatase activity. (coriell.org)

All three T cell activation motifs in ζ bind ZAP70 tandem-SH2 domains in vitro , forming a 1:3 complex. (harvard.edu)

However, several antigens with selective expression on the surface of tumor cells are not associated with the major histocompatibility complex and may be candidates for therapeutic targeting. (msdmanuals.com)

Thus, eukaryotic in vitro systems, specifically the wheat germ cell-free system, hold significant promise. (iucr.org)
Recently, the first in vitro norovirus cell culture model was reported for a virus that infects mice ( 18 , 19 ). (cdc.gov)
In addition to acquiring improved antigen presentation, tumor-APCs had impaired tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. (lu.se)
In vitro, NCI05 and, to a lesser extent, NCI09 mediate the killing of SIV-infected cells in a CD4-dependent manner. (bvsalud.org)

PBMC, DC:T) assay makes use of APC surface expression of specific antigens, eg. (ddw-online.com)

Characterization of the five novel Ly-6 superfamily members encoded in the MHC, and detection of cells expressing their potential ligands. (nih.gov)

Within 9 days of reprogramming, tumor-APCs acquired transcriptional and epigenetic programs associated with cDC1 cells. (lu.se)

2002). In humans, SSEA4 is expressed by building the nervous system but also for their prospec- nonneural cells such as the erythrocytes (Kannagi et al. (lu.se)

Coupled with reports that allogeneic MSCs have immunoprivileged status and immunomodulatory properties, there has been considerable interest in exploring the use of these cells as a therapeutic option for bone repair. (hindawi.com)

This study investigated effects of four fibrous materials, i.e. nanofibrillar/nanocrystalline celluloses (NCF and CNC), single-walled carbon nanotube s (CNTs), and crocidolite asbestos (ASB), on pulmonary inflammation and immune responses found in the lungs, as well as the effects on spleen and peripheral blood immune cell subsets. (cdc.gov)
Genetic and flow cytometric analyses on peripheral blood cells were performed. (lu.se)

This interaction is central to antigen specificity in the adaptive immune response. (rndsystems.com)

In terminally differentiated cell fate is coupled to appropriate regulation of the alternative cells, transcriptional networks must be stable and irreversible, pathways. (lu.se)

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal expansion of the progenitor hematopoietic stem cells arising from the existence of the fusion BCR-ABL oncogene, that represents 15%-20% of the newly diagnosed cases of leukemia patients [ 1 - 2 ]. (jcancer.org)
The biological properties and clinical potential of stem cells elicit that are generated must not be unduly sensitive to small fluctu- continued scientific, commercial, and public interest. (lu.se)
To varying degrees, these fates also extend to the Such state stability is required in stem and progenitor cells to immediate progeny of stem cells, known as progenitor or support self-renewal and maintenance of the uncommitted transit-amplifying cells. (lu.se)

Recent studies in mouse tumor models have shown that T RM cells are induced by cancer vaccines delivered in peripheral tissue sites, or by the depletion of regulatory T cells. (frontiersin.org)

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is recognized in the Revised European-American Lymphoma and World Health Organization classifications as a distinct clinicopathologic entity. (medscape.com)
They conclude that although armed with highly distinct effector functions, there are many parallels between the T cell and B cell components of the immune response and their conversion into memory. (scielo.br)

As opposed to prostate-specific antigen levels, PSMA expression on the cell surface increases with AR inhibition ( 10 - 12 ). (snmjournals.org)

SLC3A2 is a member of the solute carrier family and encodes a cell surface, transmembrane protein with an alpha-amylase domain. (wikipedia.org)

Clones encoding the murine homologue were isolated from a murine T helper cell cDNA library. (ox.ac.uk)

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder derived from a subset of naive pregerminal center cells localized in primary follicles or in the mantle region of secondary follicles. (medscape.com)

CD2 mRNA was expressed in murine thymus and spleen, and in the T cell line EL4. (ox.ac.uk)

The interactions of AVs with cells were also investigated. (diamond.ac.uk)

Anatomy40

Organisms11

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs125

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes56

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Proteins23

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