• P-selectin, a granule membrane protein of platelets and endothelial cells, follows the regulated secretory pathway in AtT-20 cells. (rupress.org)
  • In contrast, the surface expression of P-selectin transfected into CHO cells, which do not have a regulated pathway of secretion, did not change with 8-Br-cAMP treatment. (rupress.org)
  • These data demonstrate that although chromogranins regulate the amine concentration in LDCVs, they are not completely essential, and other proteins unrelated to neurosecretion, such as fibrinogen, might compensate for their loss to ensure that vesicles are generated and the secretory pathway conserved. (nih.gov)
  • We show here that the biogenesis of CLEL6 and CLEL9 peptides in Arabidopsis thaliana requires a series of processing events in consecutive compartments of the secretory pathway. (elifesciences.org)
  • SBT6.1-mediated cleavage within the variable domain allows for continued passage of the partially processed precursors through the secretory pathway, and for subsequent post-translational modifications including tyrosine sulfation and proline hydroxylation within, and proteolytic maturation after exit from the Golgi. (elifesciences.org)
  • The objective of this project is to develop a rapid method to inactivate the posttranslational pathway in vivo in yeast cells by appending the CMV-ribosome stalling sequence to the C-terminus of a typical posttranslational translocation substrate (carboxypeptidase Y). Complexes between the posttranslational translocation channel (SEC complex) and the stalled ribosomes will be purified for structural and functional analysis. (umassmed.edu)
  • Using in vitro cell free systems, we demonstrated that apratoxin A prevents cotranslational translocation of proteins destined for the secretory pathway. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Our study indicates that apratoxins are new tools to study the secretory pathway and raises the possibility that inhibition of cotranslational translocation may be exploited for anticancer drug development. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Prof. Lederkremer's lab has been interested in the mechanisms of protein folding and trafficking in the early secretory pathway of mammalian cells. (tau.ac.il)
  • However, the precise function of CLN5 in the cell and the pathway(s) regulating its function are not well understood. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, like most CLN proteins, the association of CLN5 with a defined biological pathway is still under investigation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Early to late endosome transport may be mediated by small vesicular intermediates, or may be a maturation process whereby early endosomes lose components through recycling pathways and gain components through fusion with vesicles derived from the secretory pathway. (wormbook.org)
  • The focus of research in our laboratory lies primarily with characterizing the mechanisms of protein trafficking to the regulated secretory pathway in endocrine cells. (nih.gov)
  • We have developed a model for the trafficking of proinsulin through the regulated secretory pathway (Figure 1). (nih.gov)
  • Studies from animal and cell models have shown that the sorting of His10Asp (also known as B10) is inefficient, in that it is partially diverted to the constitutive secretory pathway. (nih.gov)
  • We hypothesize that the mutant p roinsulins found in FH are missorted to the constitutive secretory pathway, due to impaired binding to CPE either at the level of the TGN or within the immature secretory granule. (nih.gov)
  • The results from these experiments suggest that the mutant forms of p roinsulin found in FH show some impairment in sorting to the regulated secretory pathway and in binding to CPE. (nih.gov)
  • while wild type pro-CART was sorted to the regulated secretory pathway vesicles and processed to CART. (nih.gov)
  • Program access grant to the STFC Harwell Laser Facility 'The Plant Cell Initiative: Protein interactions in the higher plant secretory pathway' 2017-2021 (approximate value of £200K). (brookes.ac.uk)
  • Protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane is an essential step during protein entry into the secretory pathway. (lu.se)
  • There is some redundancy among the 11 Ypt proteins, and only those involved in the biosynthetic pathway are essential for cell viability. (embl.de)
  • Pathway analysis of the identified genes showed their involvement in cellular development, molecular transport, RNA trafficking, cell-to-cell signaling and interaction, cellular growth and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
  • 4H0A: Crystal structure of a cysteine-rich secretory protein (SAV1118) from Staphylococcus aureus subsp. (rcsb.org)
  • It is a member of the cysteine-rich secretory protein (CRISP) family and is likewise known as CRISP9. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • This is seen in vesicles carrying neurotransmitter in presynaptic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recently, the process has been extended to host-pathogen interface, wherein, gram negative microbes secrete bacterial outer membrane vesicles containing fully conformed signal proteins and virulence factors via exocytosis of nano-sized vesicles, in order to control host or target cell activities and exploit their environment. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chromogranins are the main soluble proteins in the large dense core secretory vesicles (LDCVs) found in aminergic neurons and chromaffin cells. (nih.gov)
  • Despite their increased size, single-cell amperometry recordings from chromaffin cells showed that the amine content in these vesicles is reduced by half. (nih.gov)
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are membranous particles released by cells into the extracellular space. (mdpi.com)
  • The Rab family of small GTP-binding proteins has long been implicated in the docking and fusion of transport vesicles with their target membranes. (embl.de)
  • Chromogranin A is a secretory protein, composed of 439 amino acids, found in the large dense-core vesicles of the neuroendocrine cells. (medscape.com)
  • Chromogranin A (CgA) is a secretory protein, composed of 439 amino acids, found in the large dense-core vesicles of the neuroendocrine cells. (medscape.com)
  • Club Cell Secretory Protein Deficiency Leads to Altered Lung Function. (bvsalud.org)
  • BACKGROUND: The club cell secretory protein (CC16) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and is a potential early biomarker of lung damage. (cdc.gov)
  • In conclusion, we provide evidence for the regulated secretion of a transmembrane protein (P-selectin) in a heterologous cell line, which indicates that P-selectin contains an independent sorting signal directing it to storage granules. (rupress.org)
  • This review summarizes recent work elucidating endocytic pathways, primarily in the worm germ line and coelomocytes, and also touches on diverse studies of secretion, especially in ectodermal cells of epithelial character. (wormbook.org)
  • In prokaryotes, SecYEG associates with the motor ATPase SecA to carry out translocation for pre-protein secretion. (elifesciences.org)
  • The encapsulation and compartmentalisation of cells has necessitated the evolution of machineries that conduct proteins across membranes, including for protein secretion and organellar import. (elifesciences.org)
  • The bulk of protein secretion and membrane protein insertion is conducted by the ubiquitous Sec translocon. (elifesciences.org)
  • They play important roles in the aggregation, packaging, sorting, and processing of secretory protein prior to secretion. (bvsalud.org)
  • Finally, TCF7L2 polymorphisms have been associated with impaired insulin secretion, glucose production, and glucose tolerance via direct effects on pancreatic islet beta cells. (medscape.com)
  • Right here we try to ascertain a manufacturing platform of recombinant 38 kDa protein in mammalian cells and to guage the potential worth of 38 kDa protein in TB serodiagnosis. (tbdb.org)
  • NRL interacts with homeodomain protein CRX and numerous other regulatory factors to control expression of most rod-expressed genes. (nih.gov)
  • To assess this phenomenon, we established tumor myofibroblasts cell line and analyzed the up-regulating genes in myofibroblasts upon exposure with hypoxia and/or serum starvation. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Then, we constructed the pseudotime trajectory of cell development and identified key regulatory genes using the Monocle R package (v2.22.0). (hindawi.com)
  • Finally, we found that transcription factors Jun , Fos , Atf3 , and Egr1 were upregulated in protective cells, especially Egr1 was predicted to be involved in the regulation of genes related to antioxidant stress and angiogenesis, suggesting a role in promoting differentiation into this cell phenotype. (hindawi.com)
  • Light entering the eye causes genes to be expressed in specific cells. (cyclingforums.com)
  • Synaptic transmitter binding to receptors on melatonin secreting cells in the pineal activate genes in the cell nucleus, but that involves a whole series of intermediate steps. (cyclingforums.com)
  • Applying the same criterium to the process of gene expression, which also involves many 'intermediate steps', would lead us to the conclusion that no genetic information is transmitted from genes to proteins, which is no less difficult to defend. (cyclingforums.com)
  • During growth, genes associated with protein ubiquitination/deubiquitination, cell cycle progression, and proteasomal degradation were affected, while genes linked to protein and carbohydrate catabolism were affected during early development. (frontiersin.org)
  • Finally, consistent with the differential expression of genes associated with proteasomal degradation in cln5 - cells, we also observed elevated amounts of a proteasome subunit and reduced proteasome 20S activity during cln5 - growth and starvation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Overall, this study reveals the impact of cln5 -deficiency on gene expression in D. discoideum , provides insight on the genes and proteins that play a role in regulating Cln5-dependent processes, and sheds light on the molecular mechanisms underlying CLN5 disease. (frontiersin.org)
  • Individual over-expression of these three genes in rat UCMSC significantly enhanced UCMSC-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation in co-culture. (k-state.edu)
  • The cells must be extracted from the body before DNA can be harvested, destroying the spatial location of the cell.Researchers also want to know the RNA profile of different cell types, which would reveal which genes are expressed as proteins. (weizmann-usa.org)
  • early secretory antigenic target--6 (ESAT-6) and culture filtrate protein--10 (CFP-10). (cdc.gov)
  • Membrane proteins with functional areas on the cytosolic side of both the vesicle and cell membrane make sure the vesicle associates with the membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Sec61 heterotrimer forms an evolutionarily conserved channel for translocation of secreted proteins and integration of membrane proteins. (umassmed.edu)
  • Understanding integration of a-helical membrane proteins: the next steps. (umassmed.edu)
  • This gene product belongs to the SCAMP family of proteins which are secretory carrier membrane proteins. (origene.com)
  • Endocytosis is the vesicle-mediated process used by all cells to internalize extracellular macromolecules, plasma membrane lipids, and plasma membrane proteins ( Figure 1 ). (wormbook.org)
  • I further investigated membrane proteins and the targeting of tail-anchored proteins at Sheffield Hallam University. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • Additionally, cln5 - cells displayed increased intracellular and extracellular amounts of discoidin, which is involved in cell-substrate adhesion and migration. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here we establish optical control of intracellular transport by using light-sensitive heterodimerization to recruit specific cytoskeletal motor proteins (kinesin, dynein or myosin) to selected cargoes. (nature.com)
  • 2013. Bem3, a Cdc42 GTPase-Activating Protein, traffics to an intracellular compartment and recruits the secretory Rab GTPase Sec4 to endomembranes. (purdue.edu)
  • Purified helped, however not helpless, CD8 T cells effectively prohibit intracellular bacterial progress in vitro. (tbdb.org)
  • have begun to reveal new components and new mechanisms associated with intracellular membrane traffic in a variety of cell types. (wormbook.org)
  • More recently, we've turned our attention to an intracellular signaling network dubbed the unfolded protein response (UPR). (gene.com)
  • PI-16 is a putative serine protease inhibitor and can serve as a binding protein for PSP94 (prostate secretory protein of 94 amino acids) termed PSPBP. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The cDNAs were derived from a gene, designated ypt1, which codes for a protein of 205 amino acids with 71% homology to the yeast YPT1 gene product. (embl.de)
  • We are now focused on delineating the transcription factors and signaling pathways that are responsible for generating photoreceptors from retinal progenitor cells. (nih.gov)
  • Can we find common cellular pathways associated with photoreceptor cell death caused by distinct genetic mutations? (nih.gov)
  • Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) and Death Receptor (DR) signalling are cellular stress pathways frequently activated towards pro-tumoral cellular outputs in cancer. (researchgate.net)
  • They function as carriers to the cell surface in post-golgi recycling pathways. (origene.com)
  • 2015. Capping protein integrates multiple MAMP signalling pathways to modulate actin dynamics during plant innate immunity. (purdue.edu)
  • The worm benefits from many of the advantages of yeast as a genetically tractable organism for these kinds of studies while offering the unique opportunity to probe how these pathways have been extended and modified in the context of a multicellular animal undergoing development to produce diverse cell types such as muscles, nerves, and polarized epithelia. (wormbook.org)
  • In eukaryotic cells, protein transport through the secretory and endocytic pathways is mediated by vesicular intermediates. (embl.de)
  • Within the immature secretory granule, p roinsulin is converted to insulin through the sequential actions of the prohormone convertases, PC1 and PC2. (nih.gov)
  • Mature insulin is then retained in the immature secretory granule, and is eventually stored within the mature secretory granule. (nih.gov)
  • [ 16 ] Potential mechanisms through which TCF7L2 variants influence T2DM include its role in adipogenesis, myogenesis, and pancreatic islet development, as well as in beta-cell survival and insulin secretory granule function. (medscape.com)
  • Orientations of Proteins in Membranes (OPM) database. (wikipedia.org)
  • Their amino acid sequences suggest that they are mainly cytosolic or nuclear proteins partly associating with membranes (Talbot et al. (springer.com)
  • Transport of proteins across membranes is a fundamental process, achieved in every cell by the 'Sec' translocon. (elifesciences.org)
  • I am committed to interdisciplinary research, and an example of the successes gained from this approach is the project with Prof A Nabok (Engineering Sheffield Hallam University) using total internal reflection ellipsometry to quantify protein-membrane interactions on native plant membranes and human cell lines. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • This protein is an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-powered calcium pump, which uses energy from ATP molecules to pump charged calcium atoms (calcium ions) across cell membranes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • After these changes, the protein is transported to the Golgi apparatus by a coated vesicle using coating protein COPII. (wikipedia.org)
  • The secretory protein leaves the Golgi apparatus by an uncoated vesicle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Molecular, biochemical, and cell biological studies showed that TP53 loss increased the expression of Golgi reassembly and stacking protein 55 kDa (G55), a Golgi stacking protein that maintains Golgi organelle integrity and is part of a GOLGIN45 (G45)-myosin IIA-containing protein complex that activates secretory vesicle biogenesis in the Golgi. (jci.org)
  • A short-term position at Oxford Brookes just after my PhD allowed me to expand my expertise to ER and Golgi as well as acquiring skills in live cell imaging. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • Specifically, the hSPCA1 protein transports calcium ions into a cell structure called the Golgi apparatus, where they are stored until needed. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The hSPCA1 protein also transports manganese ions into the Golgi apparatus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mutations in this gene reduce the amount of functional hSPCA1 protein, which impairs the storage of calcium ions in the Golgi apparatus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The 38 kDa protein is a serious antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis and has been broadly utilized in TB serodiagnosis, on account of its extremely sensitivity and specificity. (tbdb.org)
  • These antigens impart greater specificity than is possible with tests using purified protein derivative as the tuberculosis (TB) antigen. (cdc.gov)
  • Because these proteins are absent from all Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine strains and from commonly encountered nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) except M. kansasii , M. szulgai , and M. marinum ( 1 ), QFT-G is expected to be more specific for M. tuberculosis than tests that use tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) as the antigen. (cdc.gov)
  • Tests such as QFT-G measure the IFN-g released by sensitized white blood cells after whole blood is incubated with antigen. (cdc.gov)
  • ELISA assay confirmed the immunological specificity of the obtained protein within the presence of MTB-infected human serum samples. (tbdb.org)
  • YP170-GFP, like endogenous yolk, is a cholesterol binding/transport protein related to human ApoB-100, the major protein component of serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL). (wormbook.org)
  • Recent studies have demonstrated that serum levels Inhibin-B, a Sertoli cell secretory protein, are suppressed in the presence of testicular injury. (cdc.gov)
  • Specimen Preparation: Separate serum from cells and transfer to transport tube. (medscape.com)
  • We are using state-of-the-art next generation sequencing combined with bioinformatic strategies, and developing stem cell-based approaches for gene therapy and drug discovery. (nih.gov)
  • Different cell fates and groups were fully characterized by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis and Transcription factor (TF) activity analysis. (hindawi.com)
  • Finally, we used Cytoscape (3.9.1) to extensively examine the gene regulatory network related to cell fate. (hindawi.com)
  • Analysis of dynamic gene expression revealed that Gpx3 was significantly upregulated during cell differentiation into protective cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Human dysbindin domain-containing protein 1 (DBNDD1) is encoded by the gene DBNDD1 at chromosome locus 16q24.3. (springer.com)
  • Addition of specific neutralizing antibodies against these three gene products individually in co-cultures of 1:20 rat UCMSC:Mat B III cells significantly increased cell proliferation, implying that these gene products are produced under the co-cultured condition and functionally attenuate cell growth. (k-state.edu)
  • This review focuses on recent findings using genetically modified mice (gene knockouts and transgenic 'green acrosome' mice) to study the effects of eliminating acrosomal matrix-associated proteins on sperm structure and function. (nih.gov)
  • This gene encodes a member of the secretoglobin family of small secreted proteins. (antibodies-online.com)
  • Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. (yeastgenome.org)
  • The ras-related ypt protein is an ubiquitous eukaryotic protein: isolation and sequence analysis of mouse cDNA clones highly homologous to the yeast YPT1 gene. (embl.de)
  • The YPT1 gene of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae codes for a guanine nucleotide-binding protein which is essential for cell viability. (embl.de)
  • Using as hybridization probe cloned yeast YPT1 gene sequences, we have isolated from cDNA libraries prepared from RNA of mouse F9 and C3H10T1/2 cells several overlapping cDNA clones with identical sequence in the regions of overlap. (embl.de)
  • Two mRNAs of 1600 and 3200 nucleotides, originating from the mouse ypt1 gene and differing in the length of their 3'-non-translated region, were identified in mouse F9 cells and in all mouse tissues examined. (embl.de)
  • A yeast gene encoding a protein homologous to the human c-has/bas proto-oncogene product. (embl.de)
  • The ATP2C1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called hSPCA1. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Although ATP2C1 gene mutations probably also affect the transport of manganese within cells, abnormal manganese regulation is not thought to contribute to the signs and symptoms of Hailey-Hailey disease. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
  • P-selectin (PADGEM, GMP-140, CD62) is a transmembrane protein specific to alpha granules of platelets and Weibel-Palade bodies of endotheial cells. (rupress.org)
  • Recent research of the lab on cellular and mouse models of Huntington's disease has led to the discovery of a promising therapeutic approach to the disease, boosting the unfolded protein response. (tau.ac.il)
  • Fractionation of the transfected cells resulted in the codistribution of P-selectin and ACTH in cellular compartments of the same density. (rupress.org)
  • Recently, single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis has been used to examine cellular fate and function during cellular differentiation and has contributed to elucidating the mechanisms of various diseases. (hindawi.com)
  • In the model organism Dictyostelium discoideum , loss of the CLN5 homolog, cln5 , impacts various cellular and developmental processes including cell proliferation, cytokinesis, aggregation, cell adhesion, and terminal differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
  • The microtubule and microfilament cytoskeleton is essential for many dynamic cellular process including: cell division, cytoplasmic streaming, cellular architecture and morphogenesis. (purdue.edu)
  • But in the cellular environment, newly synthesized proteins are at great risk of aberrant folding and aggregation, potentially forming toxic species. (nature.com)
  • Hartl, F. U. Molecular chaperones in cellular protein folding. (nature.com)
  • Skach, W. R. Cellular mechanisms of membrane protein folding. (nature.com)
  • All living cells use such fuels and oxidize the hydrogen and carbon to capture the sun's energy and reform water and CO2 in the process (cellular respiration). (hmdb.ca)
  • These maps, which organize cells by their genomes, will help researchers and medical professionals to better understand how and why cellular structures lead to organ functions.While researchers have long been interested in cellular maps, the ability to determine the locations of cells and their genomic blueprints has been limited by available molecular biology techniques. (weizmann-usa.org)
  • In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses, such as secretory processes, phagocytose of apoptotic cells and epithelial cell polarization. (lu.se)
  • S. aureus isolates from the nares of lates and 0.9% in 219 blood-culture and extracellular proteins. (cdc.gov)
  • When it arrives at the ER, the signal sequence is transferred to the translocon, a protein-conducting channel in the membrane that allows the newly synthesized polypeptide to be translocated to the ER lumen. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2009 ). The designated dysbindin paralogs show very limited sequence homology which raised the question whether DBNDD1 and DBNDD2 are dysbindin-like proteins or proteins that share a less conserved domain with DTNBP1 in the context of otherwise unrelated sequences (Ghiani and Dell'Angelica 2011 ). (springer.com)
  • As an outcome human DBNDD1 revealed a high sequence identity to dysbindin domain-containing proteins from other Hominidae (e.g. (springer.com)
  • Proteins with high sequence identity to human DBNDD1 can also be found in evolutionarily more distant species (e.g. (springer.com)
  • Finally, the signal sequence is cleaved and the pre-protein is either folded or trafficked onwards. (elifesciences.org)
  • Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) and Klotho are secretory proteins that regulate mineral-ion metabolism. (harvard.edu)
  • Hepatocytes (liver parenchymal cells) perform the liver's metabolic functions: Formation and excretion of bile as a component of bilirubin metabolism. (msdmanuals.com)
  • How do post-transcriptional events modulate the expression of functional macromolecules, including proteins and non-coding RNAs? (nih.gov)
  • In practice, the fluorescently labeled molecules in a small region of the cell are irreversibly photobleached using high laser power, followed by monitoring the subsequent movement of the surrounding non-bleached fluorescent molecules into the photobleached region using low laser power. (microscopyu.com)
  • Because protein molecules are highly dynamic, constant chaperone surveillance is required to ensure protein homeostasis (proteostasis). (nature.com)
  • I joined the department of Molecular Biology as Scientist in 1989, and my lab helped establish a technology to fuse biologically important proteins to antibody molecules. (gene.com)
  • In anabolism, water is removed from molecules (through energy requiring enzymatic chemical reactions) in order to grow larger molecules (e.g. starches, triglycerides and proteins for storage of fuels and information). (hmdb.ca)
  • The ~200 amino acid TBC/rab GTPase-activating protein (GAP) domain is well conserved across species and has been found in a wide range of different proteins from plant adhesion molecules to mammalian oncogenes. (embl.de)
  • A group of acidic proteins that are major components of SECRETORY GRANULES in the endocrine and neuroendocrine cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • CgA is co-stored with a tissue-specific peptide hormone or neuropeptide and exerts an autocrine and paracrine effect on secretory activity of the neuroendocrine cells. (medscape.com)
  • To investigate whether the mechanism of targeting of P-selectin to granules is specific for megakaryocytes and endothelial cells and/or dependent on von Willebrand factor, a soluble adhesive protein that is stored in the same granules, we have expressed the cDNA for P-selectin in AtT-20 cells. (rupress.org)
  • is compatible with a role in regulating Ca 2+ channel activity or SNARE [soluble N -ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein (SNAP) receptor] complex function in vesicle fusion. (jneurosci.org)
  • Acrosomal proteins can also be biochemically classified as components of the acrosomal matrix, a large, relatively insoluble complex, or as soluble proteins. (nih.gov)
  • He has focused especially on mechanisms of ER quality control of protein folding and on recognition and delivery of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytosolic proteasomes for ERAD. (tau.ac.il)
  • A combination of molecular simulation with hydrogendeuterium-exchange mass spectrometry and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy reveal an asymmetry across the membrane: ATP-induced conformational changes in the cytosolic cavity promote unfolded pre-protein structure, while the exterior cavity favours its formation. (elifesciences.org)
  • The manipulation of endothelial cells to secrete protective factors could enhance cardioprotection. (mdpi.com)
  • In terms of malignant transformation in cancer cells, interaction of cancer stem cells with endothelial cells or myofibroblasts as tumor microenvironmental cells was analyzed. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Journal Article] Atrial natriuretic peptide prevents cancer metastasis through vascular endothelial cells. (nii.ac.jp)
  • The Journal of Cell Biology 182 (3): 459-65. (harvard.edu)
  • We thank Professor Ramanujan Hegde (MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK) for the kind gift of anti‐TRAPα antibody and Professor Peter Arvan (University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) for the kind gift of INS‐1 832/13 cells. (lu.se)
  • Bacteria have been defending themselves from phages-viruses that attack bacterial cells-for billions of years, and unlocking the immune mechanisms they use to protect themselves has led to the development of powerful molecular biology tools such as restriction enzymes and CRISPR-Cas9. (weizmann-usa.org)
  • The RNA profile serves as a simpler proxy for the proteome because modern advances in molecular biology, such as Next Generation Sequencing, have allowed researchers to quickly determine the DNA and RNA content of a cell. (weizmann-usa.org)
  • American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology. (lu.se)
  • Identification of a Sec4p GTPase-activating protein (GAP) as a novel member of a Rab GAP family. (embl.de)
  • A yeast open reading frame sharing homology with the two known yeast Rab GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), Gyp6p and Gyp7p, was found in a data base search. (embl.de)
  • Gyp1p also stimulated the GTPase activity of several other yeast Rab proteins including Ypt1p, Ypt7p, and Ypt51p but showed no GAP activity on Ypt6p and Ypt32p. (embl.de)
  • Although the GTPase switch of Rab proteins is highly conserved, functional mechanisms may be highly diversified among members of the Rab family. (embl.de)
  • Regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFS) which promote the exchange of bound GDP for free GTP, GTPase activating proteins (gaps) which increase the GTP hydrolysis activity, and GDP dissociation inhibitors which inhibit the dissociation of the nucleotide from the GTPase. (lu.se)
  • Binding experiments with radiolabeled monoclonal antibody to P-selectin indicated that there was also surface expression of P-selectin on the AtT-20 cells. (rupress.org)
  • A monoclonal antibody specifically recognizing the 23.5-kd yeast YPT1 protein cross-reacted with a protein of identical size on protein blots of mouse, rat, pig, bovine and human cell lines. (embl.de)
  • G55-dependent secreted proteins enhanced the proliferative and invasive activities of TP53-deficient LUAD cells and promoted angiogenesis and CD8+ T cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment. (jci.org)
  • In separate work, my team identified a set of secreted proteins overexpressed in the tumor microenvironment, and developed antibodies to block their cognate receptors for therapeutic gain. (gene.com)
  • Most proteins must fold into defined three-dimensional structures to gain functional activity. (nature.com)
  • B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) constitute a diverse set of tially identify new functional, diagnostic, and therapeutic tumors, both morphologically and clinically, that are mainly targets. (lu.se)
  • We propose that the BPTI decamer, with a heparin chain threading the decamer channel, plays a functional role in the mast cell. (lu.se)
  • What are intrinsic control mechanisms that lead to photoreceptor cell fate from retinal progenitors? (nih.gov)
  • The answers to these questions will be valuable for delineating pathogenic mechanisms that contribute to photoreceptor cell death. (nih.gov)
  • To avoid these dangers, cells invest in a complex network of molecular chaperones, which use ingenious mechanisms to prevent aggregation and promote efficient folding. (nature.com)
  • Bartlett, A. I. & Radford, S. E. An expanding arsenal of experimental methods yields an explosion of insights into protein folding mechanisms. (nature.com)
  • We are currently developing strategies that aim to kill cancer cells by directly disrupting their inherent stress-adaptation mechanisms or by augmenting the anti-tumor immune response. (gene.com)
  • A secretory protein is any protein, whether it be endocrine or exocrine, which is secreted by a cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • In order to study the sorting behavior of the mutant p roinsulins found in FH, we are engineering an endocrine cell line to produce mutant forms of p roinsulin. (nih.gov)
  • NETs are released as a result of a unique form of cell death, where DNA coated with histones and anti-microbial proteins, such as neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase (MPO), form a web-like structure ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The in vivo kinetics of protein translocation channel gating are being analyzed using ubiquitin translocation assay (UTA) reporters. (umassmed.edu)
  • Translocation of proteins through the Sec61 and SecYEG channels. (umassmed.edu)
  • This paper explores how the protein folding process per se may be exploited to drive protein translocation. (elifesciences.org)
  • The protein must then fold during or after the translocation process. (elifesciences.org)
  • The conserved Sec61 protein-conducting channel facilitates polypeptide translocation and coordinates cotranslational polypeptide-processing events. (lu.se)
  • In cells, the majority of Sec61 is stably associated with a heterotetrameric membrane protein complex, the translocon-associated protein complex (TRAP), yet the mechanism by which TRAP assists in polypeptide translocation remains unknown. (lu.se)
  • How do distinct transcriptional regulatory proteins coordinate their job with extrinsic factors and the microenvironment? (nih.gov)
  • Apratoxin A also depletes cancer cells of several cancer-associated receptor tyrosine kinases by preventing their N -glycosylation, leading to their rapid proteasomal degradation. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Golachowska, M. R., Hoekstra, D. & van IJzendoorn, S. C. Recycling endosomes in apical plasma membrane domain formation and epithelial cell polarity. (nature.com)
  • The second approach is to isolate actin-associated proteins using molecular and biochemical techniques, to characterize their function in vitro, and to use these as probes to dissect cytoskeletal function in living plant cells. (purdue.edu)
  • The UPR normally helps secretory cells to resolve issues with 3D shaping of newly synthesized proteins. (gene.com)
  • Manganese works with a variety of enzymes and is involved in processing newly formed proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Here, we showed that TP53 loss initiated a pharmacologically actionable secretory process that drove lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. (jci.org)
  • Lung tumors include small cell cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Utilizing two unbiased fashions , we present that CD4 T cell assist enhances CD8 effector features and prevents CD8 T cell exhaustion. (tbdb.org)
  • The results suggest that the CCR4+CCR6+ regulatory T cells are capable of homing to inflammatory sites and regulating effector T cells such as CCR4+CCR6+ Th17-like cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Galiellalactone Inhibits Stem Cell-Like ALDH-Positive Prostate Cancer Cells. (lu.se)
  • 1997) at higher how proteins interact with themselves in solution. (lu.se)
  • This pattern closely resembled the localization of ACTH, the endogenous hormone produced and stored by the AtT-20 cells. (rupress.org)
  • The dissociation of SRP from the ribosome restores the translation of the secretory protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • The signal recognition particle (SRP), a ribonucleoprotein that binds to the polypeptide exit site on the ribosome, and the membrane bound SRP receptor (SR) function together to selectively attach a ribosome synthesizing a protein with an RER signal sequences to the Sec61 complex. (umassmed.edu)
  • By double-label immunofluorescence, P-selectin was visible as a punctate pattern at the tips of cell processes. (rupress.org)
  • These processes are regulated by ER stress and the consequent unfolded protein response (UPR) and he has established that the compartmentalization and assembly of a molecular complex that targets to ERAD are dependent on one of the branches of the UPR. (tau.ac.il)
  • Pseudotime analysis showed that CFs differentiated into two distinct cell fates, one of which produced activated myofibroblasts, and the other which produced protective cells that were associated with reduced fibrosis levels, increased antioxidative stress responses, and the ability to promote angiogenesis. (hindawi.com)
  • Whether or not CD4 T cells act as "helper" cells to advertise optimum CD8 T cell responses throughout Mycobacterium tuberculosis is unknown. (tbdb.org)
  • Thus, CD4 T cell assist performs a vital function in producing protecting CD8 T cell responses towards M. tuberculosis an infection in vitro and in vivo. (tbdb.org)
  • Here we show that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in a subset of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) positive neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) regulates selection between a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) and a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice after fasting. (nii.ac.jp)
  • However, overexpression of Gyp1p was inhibitory in combination with a subset of secretory mutants including sec4-8 and several ypt1 mutants. (embl.de)
  • The dysbindin domain-containing protein 1 (DBNDD1) is a conserved protein among higher eukaryotes whose structure and function are poorly investigated so far. (springer.com)
  • In general, these studies enable the reassessment of paradigms to explain acrosome formation and function and provide novel, objective insights into the roles of acrosomal matrix proteins in fertilization. (nih.gov)
  • Recent findings, however, indicate that their function in vesicle trafficking can go beyond this role, and a number of proteins, unrelated to each other, have been identified as putative Rab effectors. (embl.de)
  • Organisms amenable to easy genetic analysis should prove helpful in assessing the function of at least those proto-oncogene products which are highly conserved in different eukaryotic cells. (embl.de)
  • It appears to be particularly important for the normal function of cells called keratinocytes, which are found in the outer layer of the skin (the epidermis). (medlineplus.gov)
  • In addition to proliferation and adhesion, calcium regulation in these cells appears to play an important role in maintaining the skin's barrier function, helping to keep foreign invaders such as bacteria out of the body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • However, it is unclear how a reduction of hSPCA1 protein function affects the skin barrier, and how its impairment is involved in Hailey-Hailey disease. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The dysbindin (dystrobrevin-binding protein) protein family is a group of evolutionarily related proteins of moderate size (Mw 13-45 kDa) in higher Eukaryotes. (springer.com)
  • The oligosaccharyltransferase is a hetero-octameric integral membrane protein in higher eukaryotes. (umassmed.edu)