Cell receptor genes mice clone cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

IL-1 is a name that designates two proteins, IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta, that are the products of distinct genes, but recognize the same cell surface receptors. (rndsystems.com)
Both proteins are produced by a wide variety of cells in response to stimuli such as those produced by inflammatory agents, infections, or microbial endotoxins. (rndsystems.com)
Several studies shown that Axl could mediate cell adhesion and aggregation through homotypic ectodomain associations (9 23 Both CUDC-305 (DEBIO-0932 ) murine and human being Axl proteins undergo proteolytic processing to yield a soluble form of this molecule. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Ectodomain dropping has emerged as an important posttranslational mechanism to regulate the functions of various integral membrane-bound proteins including adhesion molecules cytokines growth factors and their receptors (57 60 Both. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Membrane proteins implicated in long-chain fatty acid uptake by mammalian cells: CD36, FATP and FABPm. (springer.com)
Specifically, cell-mediated responses typically focus on peptides from internal influenza proteins, which are far less susceptible to antigenic variation. (cdc.gov)
In contrast, T cells, which mediate cellular immune responses, can target internal proteins common to heterologous viral strains. (cdc.gov)
Effector proteins interacting with the Fc portion of immunoglobulin M (IgM) include complement and complement receptors. (medscape.com)
Partial or complete deficiencies of the components of the complement system, including its receptors and regulatory proteins, are now described in humans and may be of a genetic or familial origin or acquired. (medscape.com)
Defects in the expression of complement or complement receptors may result in loss of tolerance to self-proteins and the development of immune complex-mediated autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (medscape.com)
It was described that hedgehog proteins right act on osteogenic precursor cells and osteoblasts to stimulate osteogenic differentiation [7]. (acthreceptor.com)
In the absence of Wnt signaling, we found that Tcf factors associate with proteins of the Groucho family of transcriptional repressors to repress target gene transcription (9). (hubrecht.eu)
The CD134 antigen, through its interaction with adaptor proteins TRAF2, TRAF3 and TRAF5, is a costimulatory signal transducer of T-cell receptor-mediated activation that has been shown to activate NF-κB, a signaling factor involved in transcription of survival genes. (beckman.com)
FAs are structures composed of clustered transmembrane proteins called integrins that bind to the extracellular matrix and link to the actin cytoskeleton and control cell migration, proliferation, survival and differentiation (Gardel et al. (bio2009.org)
In addition to plexins, various other proteins have been implicated either as receptors for semaphorins or as components of the semaphorin receptor complex ( Pasterkamp and Kolodkin, 2003 ). (rupress.org)

Infiltration, accumulation, and survival of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells in solid tumors is crucial for tumor clearance. (nature.com)
The GL7 antigen is expressed by pre-B and immature B cells, activated T and B cells, and about 20% of TCR-bright thymocytes. (biolegend.com)
GL7 high-expressing B cells show higher antibody production and antigen presenting capacity. (biolegend.com)
Antigen-specific ligation of T-cell receptors induces effector mechanisms that either directly or indirectly promote lysis of infected cells. (cdc.gov)
Analysis of TCR β sequences from antigen-primed lymph node cells (LNC) showed a similar enrichment for sequences having a glutamlc acid in CDR3, although the overall appearance of the LNC sequences was somewhat more heterogeneous and consistent with a gradual In vitro selection of the subset of TCR found in the T cell clones. (uthscsa.edu)
This antigen was originally named OX40 from the first antibody that led to the discovery of this antigen on activated rat CD4+ T cells. (beckman.com)
Adoptive T-cell therapy with anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing T cells is a new approach for treating advanced B-cell malignancies. (ashpublications.org)
We used T cells that were retrovirally transduced with this CAR to treat mice bearing a syngeneic lymphoma that naturally expressed the self-antigen murine CD19. (ashpublications.org)
Adoptive T-cell therapy with T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) is an active area of cancer research. (ashpublications.org)
12 , 13 Clinical trials in which patients with advanced B-cell malignancies receive T cells expressing anti-CD19 CARs are in early stages, and it is not known whether adoptive transfer of T cells targeting this self-antigen will be an effective therapy for B-cell malignancies. (ashpublications.org)
Murine monoclonal antibodies are produced by injecting a mouse with an antigen, harvesting its spleen to obtain B cells that are producing antibody specific to that antigen, fusing those cells with immortal mouse myeloma cells, growing these hybridoma cells (eg, in cell culture), and harvesting the antibody. (msdmanuals.com)
In both cases, the process usually begins as above with production of mouse hybridoma cells that make antibody to the desired antigen. (msdmanuals.com)
If the mouse gene for only the antigen-binding hypervariable regions of the variable region is used, the product is termed "humanized. (msdmanuals.com)
Chimeric monoclonal antibodies activate antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T cells more effectively than murine monoclonal antibodies but can still induce production of human anti-chimeric antibodies. (msdmanuals.com)
The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is com- isolate the NSCs from neonatal mice and rats (Campos monly used as a cell surface marker to identify the pluri- et al. (lu.se)

Two-color analysis of the expression of Ly-49C/I on splenic NK cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
The proportion of NK T cells expressing Ly-49C/I is higher (2-5 fold) in thymus than in liver (immature and mature NK T cells, respectively), and there is evidence that the down-regulation of Ly-49 receptor expression is necessary for normal NK T-cell development. (bdbiosciences.com)
Induced PD-L1 expression is common in many tumors including squamous cell carcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, and breast adenocarcinoma. (bioxcell.com)
fBB 4 -R expression in cells widely used for other Bn receptor subtypes was unsuccessful as was expression in two frog cell lines. (acs.org)
Gene expression data quality is likely to be negatively impacted when using this protocol. (biolegend.com)
BioLegend does not guarantee high quality gene expression data with its use, and we are not able to provide sample datasets. (biolegend.com)
This article reviews the current knowledge and experimental research about the mechanisms by which fatty acids and their derivatives control specific gene expression involved during carcinogenesis. (springer.com)
Knowledge of the mechanisms by which fatty acids control specific gene expression may identify important risk factors for cancer and provide insight into the development of new therapeutic strategies for a better management of whole body lipid metabolism. (springer.com)
Effect of dietary fatty acids on inflammatory gene expression in healthy humans. (springer.com)
Expression of vimentin, when used in conjunction with anti-keratin, is helpful when distinguishing melanomas from undifferentiated carcinomas and large cell lymphomas. (neobiotechnologies.com)
Reports of mRNA levels and/or protein expression (as assessed using anti-CXCR7, clone 9C4) (J. Biol. (rndsystems.com)
In contrast, based on ligand binding analysis and receptor level (as assessed using anti-CXCR7, clone 11G8), surface expression of CXCR7 was reported to be restricted to tumor cells, activated endothelial cells, fetal liver cells, and few other cell types (J. Exp. (rndsystems.com)
There is some evidence that the GnRH-R2 gene expression levels and protein distributions change in association with the migratory behavior. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, the characterization of GnRH-R gene expression in a single species would help to clarify the mechanisms that regulate GnRH functions [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Combining this unique resource with gene expression data demonstrates distinct temporal mechanisms of estrogen-mediated gene regulation, particularly in the case of estrogen-suppressed genes. (nature.com)
Gene expression patterns of breast carcinomas distinguish tumor subclasses with clinical implications. (nature.com)
Gene expression profiling predicts clinical outcome of breast cancer. (nature.com)
A gene-expression signature as a predictor of survival in breast cancer. (nature.com)
Gene-expression profiles to predict distant metastasis of lymph-node-negative primary breast cancer. (nature.com)
Functionally distinct T-cell subsets are broadly identified according to their differential expression of CD4 and CD8 coreceptors. (cdc.gov)
Among healthy individuals, the number of CR1 receptors on the red blood cells varies widely, yet the phenotypic expression, regulated by 2 codominant alleles, is stable. (medscape.com)
Results Primary B cells exogenously expressing Bcl2 , Myc and Ccnd1 showed factor-independent growth ability, enhanced colony-forming capability and aggressive oncogenicity, unlike the cases observed with the expression of any combination of only two of the genes. (haematologica.org)
7 Importantly, it is believed that other hitherto unknown genes also play important roles in lymphomagenesis in addition to the synergistic effects of the aforementioned two oncogenes since human B-cell lymphomas often show a variety of genes subject to alterations and/or deregulated expression. (haematologica.org)
In the first stages of fracture fix, the expression of sonic hedgehog is detected in proliferating callus-forming cells in the periosteum [6]. (acthreceptor.com)
A novel FAK Tyr397 inhibitor suppresses osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, as well as osteoclast formation, via PTHrP-induced RANKL expression in murine bone stromal ST2 cells [twenty]. (acthreceptor.com)
CD19 expression is restricted to normal mature B cells, malignant B cells, and B-cell precursors. (ashpublications.org)
Our data have provided evidence for a comparable prediction of clinical outcome in CMF-treated breast cancer patients using conventional clinical variables and gene expression based markers. (lu.se)

The RMP1-14 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse PD-1 (programmed death-1) also known as CD279. (bioxcell.com)
Like the J43 antibody the RMP1-14 antibody has been shown to block the binding of both mouse PD-L1-Ig and mouse PD-L2-Ig to PD-1. (bioxcell.com)
NKp30 antibody was purified from mouse ascitic fluids by protein-G affinity chromatography. (prospecbio.com)
If using cells isolated with a different procedure, users may need to verify the antibody staining pattern using alternative methods. (biolegend.com)
Anti-hTLR6-IgG (clone C5C8) is a monoclonal antibody specific for human Toll-like receptor 6 (hTLR6, CD286). (invivogen.com)
The reconstituted cells were then washed and stained with BD Horizon™ BUV395 Mouse Anti-Human CD4 antibody (Cat. (bdbiosciences.com)
No. 564724) and BD Horizon™ R718 Mouse Anti-Human Stat1 (pY701) antibody (Cat. (bdbiosciences.com)
Description: This MR6F3 antibody recognizes mouse CD206 also known as Macrophage Mannose Receptor (MMR) or Mannose Receptor C, Type 1 (MRC1). (fishersci.com)
Applications Tested: This MR6F3 antibody has been tested by intracellular staining and flow cytometric analysis of mouse resident peritoneal exudate cells using the Intracellular Fixation & Permeabilization Buffer Set (cat. (fishersci.com)
A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. (fishersci.com)
In C57BL/6 (B6) mice, the T cell response to acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo callfomlca (TAChR) provides a specific antibody response and symptoms of muscular weakness similar to those displayed in the human disease myasthenia gravis. (uthscsa.edu)
Western blot analysis of whole cell lysates probed with Mouse anti Human proliferation associated protein 2G4 antibody ( VMA00111 ) followed by detection with HRP conjugated Goat anti Mouse IgG (1/10,000, STAR207P ) and visualized on the ChemiDoc MP with 28 second exposure. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
In addition, it is not easy to introduce the solution of a polymer with the molecular weight greater than 120,000 like an antibody with high concentration into the cell because of its high viscosity. (justia.com)
and TH2 (T Helper 2) which has humoral immune functions, e.g., activation of B cells to produce antibody molecules to neutralize foreign matters and (See FIG. 94). (justia.com)
Anti-CD19-CAR-transduced T cells had superior antilymphoma efficacy compared with the anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody from which the anti-CD19 CAR was derived. (ashpublications.org)
To minimize the problems due to use of pure mouse antibody, researchers have used recombinant DNA techniques to create monoclonal antibodies that are part human and part mouse. (msdmanuals.com)
Then the DNA for some or all of the variable portion of the mouse antibody is merged with DNA for human immunoglobulin. (msdmanuals.com)
The resultant DNA is placed in a mammalian cell culture, which then expresses the resultant gene, producing the desired antibody. (msdmanuals.com)

Glucagon is a ligand for a specific G-protein linked receptor whose signalling pathway controls cell proliferation. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Upon ligand binding, PD-1 signaling inhibits T-cell activation, leading to reduced proliferation, cytokine production, and T-cell death. (bioxcell.com)
A common heterophilic ligand for these RTK family members is definitely Gas6 a vitamin K-dependent protein that is widely secreted by most cells including the lungs intestine Serping1 and vascular endothelium (43). (exposed-skin-care.net)
DPhe 6 ,βAla 11 ,Phe 13 ,Nle 14 ]Bn(6−14) was found to have high affinity ( K i = 0.4 nM) for the fBB 4 receptor and 125 I-[DTyr 6 ,βala 11 ,Phe 13 ,Nle 14 ]Bn(6−14) to be an excellent ligand for this receptor. (acs.org)
CD134 is expressed on activated CD4+ T lymphocytes, and its ligand, CD134L, is found preferentially on activated B cells. (abeomics.com)
Engagement of CD134 with its ligand, CD134L, delivers a strong costimulatory signal to effector T cells. (abeomics.com)
which promoted receptor activator for nuclear factor B ligand (RANKL). (acthreceptor.com)
Its ligand, known as gp34, is a type-2 transmembrane glycoprotein member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, expressed on activated T and B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. (beckman.com)
Thus, CD134 engagement with its ligand induces clonal expansion and survival of CD4+ cells during primary responses, and results in the accumulation of increasing numbers of memory cells with time. (beckman.com)

The protein encoded by this gene is actually a preproprotein that is cleaved into four distinct mature peptides. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The Ly-49 family of NK-cell receptors are disulfide-linked type-II transmembrane protein homodimers with extracellular carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRD) that bind to MHC class I alloantigens. (bdbiosciences.com)
The IL-1 receptor type I is a 80 kDa transmembrane protein with demonstrated IL-1 signaling function. (rndsystems.com)
The IL-1 receptor type II is a 68 kDa membrane protein with a relatively short cytoplasmic tail and has no signaling function. (rndsystems.com)
Gas6 is the product of growth arrest-specific gene 6 which was in the beginning cloned from serum-starved fibroblasts and shares about CUDC-305 (DEBIO-0932 ) 44% sequence identity and related website organization with protein S a negative regulator of blood coagulation (48). (exposed-skin-care.net)
The following protocol describes combined surface and intracellular protein staining with TotalSeq™-B antibodies, with or without TotalSeq™-B hashtag antibodies using the Single Cell 3' v3.1 Feature Barcoding technology from 10x Genomics. (biolegend.com)
Because the described cDNAs encode less than half of the protein predicted from immunoblots, we have cloned cDNAs encoding the rest of human myosin-VIIa. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Their regulation may be carried out either through direct binding to DNA as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors or via modulation in an indirect manner of signaling pathway molecules (e.g., protein kinase C) and other transcription factors (nuclear factor kappa B and sterol regulatory element binding protein). (springer.com)
We later identified PIAS (protein inhibitor of activated STAT)xalpha as a DJ-1-binding protein, and found that DJ-1 restored androgen receptor (AR) transcription activity that was repressed by PIASxalpha. (nih.gov)
To further characterize the function of DJ-1, we cloned cDNA encoding a novel DJ-1-binding protein, DJBP, by a yeast two-hybrid system. (nih.gov)
The G protein-coupled receptor, RDC1, belongs to a subgroup of chemokine receptors and has been designated CXCR7. (rndsystems.com)
The influenza A viruses infect host epithelial cells by attaching to a cellular receptor (sialic acid) by the viral surface protein hemagglutinin (HA). (cdc.gov)
A soluble form of CD206 is generated by cleavage of the full-length protein, and it can be detected in in vitro macrophage cell culture supernatants and in mouse serum. (fishersci.com)
By this basic mechanism, protein kinases mediate most of the signal transduction in eukaryotic cells, regulating cellular metabolism, transcription, cell cycle progression, cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell movement, apoptosis, and differentiation. (insulin-receptor.info)
Sonic 125256-00-0125B11 hedgehog (Shh) is a forty five-kDa potent signaling protein that regulates the proliferation, differentiation, and cellular patterning throughout a extensive selection of cell types [2,3]. (acthreceptor.com)
Leptin (from Greek λεπτός leptos , 'thin' or 'light' or 'small') is a protein hormone predominantly made by adipose cells and its primary role is likely to regulate long-term energy balance . (cloudfront.net)
DeMarini, and Chapter 20, by Rice and cell death determine the size protein in several signal ing path- and Herceg). (who.int)

constitutively released by murine main cells such as dendritic and transformed cell lines. (exposed-skin-care.net)
Histopathological analyses showed increased infiltration of dendritic cells (DC) and T cells into tumor tissues following 7 × 19 CAR-T cell therapy. (nature.com)
Differing activities of homeostatic chemokines CCL19, CCL21, and CXCL12 in lymphocyte and dendritic cell recruitment and lymphoid neogenesis. (nature.com)
2006, 176 (4):2197) indicate that CXCR7 occurs on a wide variety of tissues and cells including monocytes, B cells, T cells and mature dendritic cells. (rndsystems.com)
Mice with C5a receptor-deficient dendritic cells promote induction of Treg and Th17 cells. (medscape.com)
It is a single-chain membrane glycoprotein of approximately 200 kd that has 4 allotypic forms on myeloid cells (eg, erythrocytes, granulocytes, monocytes), lymphoid cells (mostly B cells), follicular dendritic cells, and glomerular podocytes. (medscape.com)
CD206 is a 175-kDa, type 1 integral membrane glycoprotein receptor that is present in macrophages, some dendritic cells, as well as liver and lymphoid endothelial cells. (fishersci.com)

Mouse Anti Human Monoclonal. (prospecbio.com)
Mouse monoclonal to EGFR. (insulin-receptor.info)
Fully human monoclonal antibodies are produced using transgenic mice that contain human immunoglobulin genes or using phage display (ie, a bacteriophage-based cloning method) of immunoglobulin genes isolated from human B cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Recently, a fourth member of the bombesin (Bn) receptor family (fBB 4 -R) was isolated from a cDNA library from the brain of the frog, Bombina orientalis . (acs.org)
For the functional screening, Bcl2 - and Myc- expressing primary B cells were infected with a retroviral cDNA library. (haematologica.org)
Inserted cDNA of transformed cells in culture were then identified. (haematologica.org)
We tried several gene selection strategies, and built classifiers using the resulting cDNA microarray gene lists. (lu.se)

CD134 is involved in coordinating CD4 T cell selection, migration and cytokine differentiation in T helper (Th)1 and Th2 cells. (abeomics.com)
A typical example, in which there is a situation described above and it is difficult to separate the objective live cells selectively, includes the case where cells secreting a specific cytokine are selectively separated using the cytokine as a selection marker. (justia.com)
It is a single-transmembrane-domain type I cytokine receptor , [20] a special class of cytokine receptors . (cloudfront.net)
We undertook this study to investigate receptor (IL-2R) accumulation is related to whether the cytokine accumulation in PCs the leukocyte content of the platelet comc obtained from single apheresis donors was ponent and can be reduced by prestorage beyond the acceptable limits of WBC conc leukocyte depletion [ 3 ]. (who.int)

In the absence of titration-by-sequencing, it may be possible to replicate this protocol using fluorescent antibodies of the same clone and titrate via flow cytometry . (biolegend.com)
Flow Cytometry (5ul per test per one million cells or 5ul per 100ul of whole blood);Immunofluorescence (1:50-1:100);Optimal dilution for a specific application should be determined. (neobiotechnologies.com)
In the case that the translation products of a gene are cell surface molecules, a method for selectively separating cells which have expressed the specific gene, while being viable, is to make fluorescence labeled antibodies bind to the surface molecules for labeling the cells fluorescently, to identify fluorescing cells by flow cytometry, and to separate the identified cells with a cell sorter (Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter, FACS). (justia.com)

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play fundamental tasks in varied cell functions including proliferation differentiation survival migration and rate of metabolism (16). (exposed-skin-care.net)
Changes in dietary fatty acids, specifically the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families and some derived eicosanoids from lipoxygenases, cyclooxygenases, and cytochrome P-450, seem to control the activity of transcription factor families involved in cancer cell proliferation or cell death. (springer.com)
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a one hundred twenty five-kD non-receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a main position in mediating sign transduction by integrins, as effectively as by growth aspect receptors, in the regulation of cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation in a range of mobile varieties [12,thirteen,fourteen]. (acthreceptor.com)
In response to mito- pendence between the key mecha- gens, cell proliferation is triggered by nistic characteristics. (who.int)
H - Ras cell proliferation are also linked with haematopoietic cel s. (who.int)

In mouse models of melanoma, tumor growth can be transiently arrested via treatment with antibodies which block the interaction between PD-L1 and its receptor PD-1. (bioxcell.com)
The basis of these inconsistent observations is not known but may be attributed to cell context and the use of different antibodies that may recognize different epitopes. (rndsystems.com)
Vaccine approaches against respiratory virus infections such as influenza have relied on inducing antibodies that protect against viral infection by neutralizing virions or blocking the virus's entry into cells. (cdc.gov)
In addition, the panning method is also known wherein only the objective cells are absorbed on the bottom surface of a dish over which is covered with antibodies specifically binding to the cell surface molecules. (justia.com)
In this case, it is theoretically possible to fluorescently label the gene-expressing cells by introduction of fluorescence-labeled antibodies that are specific to the molecules localized in the cells into the cells, through microinjection and to separate the objective gene-expressing cells with the cell sorter described above based on the difference in fluorescence intensity of the cells with irradiation of laser beam or the like. (justia.com)
The number of the cells to which the labeled antibodies can be introduced for one experiment is at most ten or less. (justia.com)
This is because, during the process where polypeptide chains generated based on the genetic information are folded and secreted, their structure changes gradually and from time to time to prevent any known antibodies from binding to the polypeptide chains within or on the surfaces of live cells efficiently. (justia.com)

If the mouse gene for the whole variable region is spliced next to the human constant region, the product is termed "chimeric. (msdmanuals.com)

Furthermore, we reasoned that, provided receptor cross-desensitization did not occur, it would be advantageous to assess PAR-targeted ligands in a cell that expressed both receptors. (aspetjournals.org)
Moreover, many of these channels are receptors for ligands that elicit distinct psychophysical sensations, such as the heat associated with capsaicin and the cold felt with menthol. (nih.gov)

Epidermal Growth factor receptor ,EGFR) is the prototype member of the type 1 receptor tyrosine kinases. (insulin-receptor.info)

Two of the other peptides are secreted from gut endocrine cells and promote nutrient absorption through distinct mechanisms. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Two distinct types of IL-1 receptors have been identified and cloned from human and mouse cells. (rndsystems.com)
Four distinct complement receptors, CR1, CR2, CR3, and CR4, have been described for the surface-bound complement fraction C3 and its cleavage fragments. (medscape.com)

IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are potent pro-inflammatory cytokines that induce a wide variety of biological activities on different cell types. (rndsystems.com)
The CD4+ T helper cells are primarily responsible for helping other immune cells through direct cell-cell interactions or by secreting cytokines after recognizing viral peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules. (cdc.gov)
This association of phenotype and function is not absolute, since CD4+ cells may exhibit lytic activity, while CD8+ cells secrete antiviral cytokines, notably interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor. (cdc.gov)
Les numérations plaquettaire et leucocytaire ainsi que la concentration en cytokines (IL-2R, IL-8 et TNF-) ont été me- surées. (who.int)

Soluble Axl (sAxl) is present in cell-conditioned medium of CUDC-305 (DEBIO-0932 ) tumor cells growing in vivo and in vitro and in the sera of humans mice and rats (23 50 However the identities of the sAxl-generating protease(s) and the mechanism(s) that account for this process remain unknown. (exposed-skin-care.net)
CD134 is also involved in the stimulation of T cells, T dependent humoral response and generation of optimal CD4+ T cell responses in vivo and in vitro. (abeomics.com)
Lgr5 resides in Wnt receptor complexes and mediates signaling of the Wnt-agonistic R-spondins (31), explaining the unique dependence of Lgr5 stem cells on secreted R-spondins in vivo and in vitro. (hubrecht.eu)

Mature human and mouse IL-1 beta share approximately 75% amino acid sequence identity and human IL-1 beta has been found to be active on murine cell lines. (rndsystems.com)
To date ten human and twelve murine TLRs have been characterized, TLR1 to TLR10 in humans, and TLR1 to TLR9, TLR11, TLR12 (aka TLR11) and TLR13 in mice, the homolog of TLR10 being a pseudogene. (invivogen.com)
SHH stimulates osteoclast formation with PTHrP in a co-lifestyle technique consisting of ST2 cells and murine CD11b+ bone marrow cells [ten]. (acthreceptor.com)
To evaluate anti-CD19-CAR-transduced T cells in a murine model of adoptive T-cell therapy, we developed a CAR that specifically recognized murine CD19. (ashpublications.org)
Our results demonstrated impressive antilymphoma activity and profound destruction of normal B cells caused by anti-CD19-CAR-transduced T cells in a clinically relevant murine model. (ashpublications.org)
To establish a murine model in which a completely syngeneic lymphoma could be treated by adoptive transfer of syngeneic CAR-transduced T cells, we developed a CAR that could specifically recognize murine CD19. (ashpublications.org)
Therefore, murine airway CD8 + T cell-responses to aspiration of Aspergillus conidia may be mediated in part by the ability of conidia to germinate in the host lung tissue. (cdc.gov)

Temporal multimodal single-cell profiling of native hematopoiesis illuminates altered differentiation trajectories with age. (lu.se)

1994). This growth factor receptor is expressed in CD34 + human bone marrow (stem/progenitor) cells. (johnshopkins.edu)
1994). This growth factor receptor is expressed in CD34+ human bone marrow (stem/progenitor) cells. (johnshopkins.edu)
For bone formation to happen, osteoblast cells need to proliferate and migrate from the bone marrow compartment to bone surfaces, the place they adhere, differentiate, and deposit the bone matrix concurrently with bone and bony callus resorption by osteoclasts [1]. (acthreceptor.com)
FAK deficiency in osteoblasts and osteocytes in vivo benefits in delayed bone healing and transforming and interrupts the response of bone marrow cells to anabolic mechanical stimuli in a tibial injuries product [seventeen,18]. (acthreceptor.com)

The sphingomyelin that accumulates in the lysosomes of Niemann-Pick disease-affected cells is thought to arise from the degradation of the cells and their organelles because it is a major component of all mammalian cell membranes. (medscape.com)

However, even though nearly 30 years have passed, in fish species, the distribution of GnRH-Rs in cells and tissues, their regulation, and their functions remain elusive. (biomedcentral.com)
The complement system, interacting with its regulatory molecules and cellular receptors, plays a central role in the induction and regulation of immunity. (medscape.com)
They are encoded by separate but linked genes termed regulation of complement activation (RCA) genes, located on the q32 region of chromosome 1. (medscape.com)
Although regulation of fat stores is deemed to be the primary function of leptin, it also plays a role in other physiological processes, as evidenced by its many sites of synthesis other than fat cells, and the many cell types beyond hypothalamic cells that have leptin receptors . (cloudfront.net)

Figure 4: Identification of enriched motifs within the estrogen receptor binding sites and validation of transcription factor binding. (nature.com)
Figure 5: Involvement of cooperating transcription factors at estrogen receptor binding sites. (nature.com)
In 1991, we reported the cloning of a T cell specific transcription factor that we termed TCF1 (1). (hubrecht.eu)
The Wnt target gene encoding the transcription factor Achaete scute-like 2 controls intestinal stem cell state (26). (hubrecht.eu)

In the case that the translation products of the gene are not cell surface molecules, but molecules that are liberated into the extracellular fluid and that do not remain in the cell or near the cell membrane, it is very difficult to selectively trap the molecules to separate the cells expressing the specific gene, from other molecules with the approaches described above. (justia.com)
Leptin acts directly on leptin receptors in the cell membrane of different types of cells in the human body in particular, and in vertebrates in general. (cloudfront.net)
Conclusions We conclude that ARAP2 affects Akt signaling in some cells by a mechanism independent of FAs or membrane traffic. (bio2009.org)

These evolutionary conserved receptors recognize highly conserved structural motifs only expressed by microbial pathogens, called pathogen-associated microbial patterns (PAMPs). (invivogen.com)
The cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) typically express CD8 and induce apoptosis of cells on which they recognize foreign antigens presented by MHC class I molecules, providing a defense against intracellular pathogens such as viruses. (cdc.gov)
Most CARs that are being evaluated in current clinical and preclinical studies recognize self-antigens that are expressed by normal tissues as well as malignant cells. (ashpublications.org)

He is also the senior scientist, division of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Advanced Medical Discovery Institute/Ontario Cancer Institute. (wikipedia.org)
Its pharmacology and cell biology are largely unknown, and no known natural cell lines or tissues possess sufficient numbers of fBB 4 -R's to allow either of these to be determined. (acs.org)
BMC Cell Biology, 9 , 45. (springer.com)
European Journal of Cell Biology. (neobiotechnologies.com)
Molecular Biology of the Channel Catfish Gonadotropin Receptors: 2. (biolreprod.org)
2021. Cell Chemical Biology. (biolegend.com)
In mammals, physiological Wnt signaling is intimately involved with the biology of adult stem cells and self-renewing tissues (18,19). (hubrecht.eu)
We were the first to link Wnt signaling with adult stem cell biology, when we showed that TCF4 gene disruption leads to the abolition of crypts of the small intestine (8), and that TCF1 gene knockout severely disables the stem cell compartment of the thymus (2). (hubrecht.eu)

Mak employed a technique called molecular subtraction, used by virologists, to attempt to identify the T-cell receptor, which was so elusive at the time it was referred to as the "Holy Grail of Immunology. (wikipedia.org)
We have mapped the gene for STK-1 using PCR screening of a human-rodent somatic cell hybrid panel, and fluorescence in situ molecular hybridization (FISH) of STK-1 genomic probes to mitotic chromosomes of normal human lymphocytes. (johnshopkins.edu)
Molecular cloning and domain structure of human myosin-VIIa, the gene product defective in Usher syndrome 1B. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The estrogen receptor is the master transcriptional regulator of breast cancer phenotype and the archetype of a molecular therapeutic target. (nature.com)
The Organoid group, previously Clevers group, studies the molecular mechanisms of tissue development and cancer of various organs using organoids made from adult Lgr5 stem cells. (hubrecht.eu)
In APC-deficient colon carcinoma cells, we demonstrated that ß-catenin accumulates and is constitutively complexed with the TCF family member TCF4, providing a molecular explanation for the initiation of colon cancer (5). (hubrecht.eu)
This chapter focuses on TRPM8, describing what was known about cold signaling before the channel was cloned, how TRPM8 was identified as a cold sensor, and what advances have been made in our understanding of the molecular logic for cold sensation since its identification. (nih.gov)
Recent advances have been made in the of host factors, polymorphisms, and candidate genes associated characterization of the immune response to low-molecular- with occupational asthma may improve our understanding of weight agents. (cdc.gov)

We developed a calcium signaling-based assay, using cultured human embryonic kidney cells (HEK), that evaluates simultaneously, the activation/desensitization or blockade of the proteinase-activated receptors, PAR 1 and PAR 2 . (aspetjournals.org)
To this end, we developed a calcium-signaling assay, employing cultured human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293) in which the action of PAR 1 and PAR 2 agonists and antagonists could be evaluated simultaneously. (aspetjournals.org)
After overnight incubation, secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) activity in the cell culture supernatant was assessed using QUANTI-Blue™ Solution . (invivogen.com)
embryonic mice die at E8.5-E9. (acthreceptor.com)
2005). Notch1 and syndecan-1 potent human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (lu.se)
Immunohisto- have been used for positive selection of NSCs from em- chemistry on human embryonic central nervous system bryonic mice (Nagato et al. (lu.se)

PD-L1 overexpression results in increased resistance of tumor cells to CD8 T cell mediated lysis. (bioxcell.com)
NKp30 is a natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR) that may assist NK cells in the lysis of tumor cells. (prospecbio.com)

We found that most of the previously described PAR 1 -targeted agents can also activate/desensitize PAR 2 , and most of these peptides can also activate a calcium signaling pathway in a target cell that possesses PAR 2 along with PAR 1 . (aspetjournals.org)
In contrast, thrombin receptor-activating peptides derived from the human PAR 1 receptor sequence (e.g. (aspetjournals.org)

Additionally, PD-1 is known to play key roles in peripheral tolerance and prevention of autoimmune disease in mice as PD-1 knockout animals show dilated cardiomyopathy, splenomegaly, and loss of peripheral tolerance. (bioxcell.com)
Fry, T.J. & Mackall, C.L. Interleukin-7: master regulator of peripheral T-cell homeostasis? (nature.com)
Untreated (dashed line histogram) or treated (solid line histogram) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from the BD Phosflow™ T Cell Kit Lyophilized Cells (Catalog No. 560760) were reconstituted in BD Pharmingen™ Stain Buffer (Cat. (bdbiosciences.com)
These peripheral cold receptors, both Aδ- and C-fibers, have thermal thresholds (i.e., the temperature at which nerve impulses are generated) for cold activation between 30-20°C, temperatures considered to be innocuously cool [ 4 , 6 ]. (nih.gov)
Leptin receptors are expressed by a variety of brain and peripheral cell types. (cloudfront.net)

He first became widely known for his discovery of the T-cell receptor in 1983 and pioneering work in the genetics of immunology. (wikipedia.org)
Mak's role in advancing the use of genetically altered mice in scientific study has led to important breakthroughs in immunology and understanding cancer at the cellular level. (wikipedia.org)

Activated cells can be prepared from in vivo -stimulated tissues or from in vitro -stimulated cultures (e.g. mitogen or LPS stimulation). (biolegend.com)
15 We have recently conducted experiments that demonstrated enhanced in vitro survival of human T cells that were transduced with an ErbB2-specific CAR when the first and third ITAMs of the CD3-ζ domain of the CAR were inactivated. (ashpublications.org)

A soluble version of the type II receptor is induced by anti-inflammatory agents such as glucocorticoids, IL-4 and IL-13. (rndsystems.com)

We mapped all estrogen receptor and RNA polymerase II binding sites on a genome-wide scale, identifying the authentic cis binding sites and target genes, in breast cancer cells. (nature.com)
Amongst the intestinal Wnt target genes (13), we found the Gpr49/Lgr5 gene to be unique in that it marks small cycling cells at crypt bottoms. (hubrecht.eu)
Two other Wnt target genes, RNF43 and ZNRF3, encode stem cell-specific E3 ligases that downregulate Wnt receptors in a negative feedback loop (35). (hubrecht.eu)

We have previously reported the cloning of stem cell tyrosine kinase-1 (STK-1, gene symbol FLT3), the human homolog of the mouse Flk2/Flt3 gene (Small et al. (johnshopkins.edu)
Genetic alterations of BCL2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2), MYC [v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (avian)] and CCND1 (cyclin D1) are the most frequently found alterations in human B-cell lymphomas. (haematologica.org)

Furthermore, we used this assay to develop a PAR 1 receptor-activating probe [Ala-parafluoroPhe-Arg-Cha-Cit-Tyr-NH 2 (Cit-NH 2 )], which displays a high degree of specificity for PAR 1 over PAR 2 , and we used the assay to quantitate the ability of trypsin to disarm the activation of PAR 1 by thrombin. (aspetjournals.org)
We sought to extend the receptor-desensitization paradigm for use with a cultured cell system, in which an intracellular calcium signal rather than a contractile response might be used as an index of receptor activation. (aspetjournals.org)
There was a close correlation between agonist the receptor occupation and the receptor activation. (acs.org)
It is upregulated on mouse splenocytes following activation. (biolegend.com)
[ 2 ] T cell-derived complement C3a and CD46 activation is required for Th1 induction. (medscape.com)
The density of CR1 receptors on cell surfaces varies with the cell type and with the activation of the cell for neutrophils and monocytes. (medscape.com)
In seminal studies conducted by Hensel and Zotterman in the 1950s, menthol elicited its "cool" sensation by increasing the threshold temperature for activation of cold receptors [ 13 ]. (nih.gov)
1 , 2 , 14 Phosphorylation of tyrosines in immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) of CD3-ζ molecules is important for T-cell activation. (ashpublications.org)
15 In addition to promoting T-cell activation, the first and third ITAMs of the CD3-ζ molecule have been shown to cause apoptosis, and inactivation of the first and third ITAMs of the CD3-ζ molecule by converting their tyrosine residues to phenylalanines has been shown to decrease T-cell apoptosis. (ashpublications.org)
Our data indicate that ErbB-2 is an important component of the plexin-B receptor system and that ErbB-2-mediated phosphorylation of plexin-B1 is critically involved in Sema4D-induced RhoA activation, which underlies cellular phenomena downstream of plexin-B1, including axonal growth cone collapse. (rupress.org)
The activation of these cells leads to the release of chemical mediators such as histamine and arachidonic acid metabolites, which increase vascular permeability and tissue swelling 9 . (bvsalud.org)

Mouse IgG1 heavy chain and κ light chain. (prospecbio.com)

Finally, CD134 has been shown to be involved in the T cell adhesion to endothelium. (beckman.com)

The results of both analyses show that the gene for STK-1 (FLT3) localizes to chromosome 13q12→q13. (johnshopkins.edu)

Recent studies have identified the transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 (PGC-1) as a regulator of mitochondrial function in tissues specialized for thermogenesis, such as brown adipose. (jci.org)

2001. Discrimination of bacterial lipoproteins by Toll-like receptor 6. (invivogen.com)

Staining of intracellular molecules can sometimes require specific fixation and permeabilization conditions that are not conducive between all clones. (biolegend.com)
In the case that the translation products of a gene are not cell surface molecules but localize in the cells (in the cytoplasm or in organella), the method described above cannot be adopted. (justia.com)
Also, even in the case that the translation products are present on the surfaces of cells, it is difficult to selectively separate the cells unless the molecules are specifically present on the surfaces of particular cells. (justia.com)
Overview of the Immune System The immune system distinguishes self from nonself and eliminates potentially harmful nonself molecules and cells from the body. (msdmanuals.com)

The microtubule-based kinesin motors and actin-based myosin motors generate movements required for intracellular trafficking, cell division, and muscle contraction. (embl-heidelberg.de)
It has been demonstrated that only a small fraction of CD206 is present at the cell surface, therefore, intracellular staining is recommended. (fishersci.com)

Our new synergism-based method is useful for the identification of synergistic gene combinations in tumor development, and may expand our systemic understanding of a wide range of cancer-causing elements. (haematologica.org)

These genes are transcriptionally deregulated as the partner genes of IgH translocation, and are thus thought to perform crucial roles in human B-cell lymphomagenesis. (haematologica.org)

Complement and complement receptors play a critical role in immune defense by initiating the rapid destruction of invading microorganisms, amplifying the innate and adaptive immune responses, and mediating solubilization and clearance of immune complexes. (medscape.com)
They tend to enhance the effects of complement and are highly important in the binding of opsonized immune complexes on B cells. (medscape.com)
The CR1 receptor preferentially binds C3b that is covalently attached to immune complexes, and it has a weaker affinity for bound C4b and iC3b. (medscape.com)
Opsonized immune complexes (coated by C3b and C4b) bind to CR1, mostly on red blood cells, and are cleared through the liver where they can be transferred to CR3-bearing phagocytes and endocytosed. (medscape.com)

HN - 2008 BX - Von Ebner's Glands MH - Cumulus Cells UI - D054885 MN - A05.360.319.114.630.535.200.500 MN - A06.407.312.497.535.300.500 MN - A11.436.300.500 MS - The granulosa cells of the cumulus oophorus which surround the OVUM in the GRAAFIAN FOLLICLE. (bvsalud.org)
HN - 2008 BX - Granulosa Cells, Cumulus MH - Coronary Sinus UI - D054326 MN - A07.231.908.194.500 MS - A short vein that collects about two thirds of the venous blood from the MYOCARDIUM and drains into the RIGHT ATRIUM. (bvsalud.org)

These cells represent the epithelial stem cells of the small intestine and colon (23), the hair follicle (24), the stomach (28) and many other tissue stem cell types. (hubrecht.eu)
These epithelial organoid cultures are genetically and phenotypically extremely stable, allowing transplantation of the cultured offspring of a single stem cell, as well as disease modeling by growing organoids directly from diseased patient tissues (32, 47, 53). (hubrecht.eu)

It is speculated that most cancers arise as a result of accumulation of altered cancer-causing genes. (haematologica.org)
This is expected because nanoparticles within the 100C200 nm range shall also accumulate in organs with larger fenestrations.32,33 Because the total outcomes demonstrated that SMA-RL71 elevated medication accumulation within the tumor following a one dosage, another band of mice received SMA-RL71 (10 mg/kg, iv) weekly for 14 days double. (insulin-receptor.info)

PD-1 is transiently expressed on CD4 and CD8 thymocytes as well as activated T and B lymphocytes and myeloid cells. (bioxcell.com)
Additionally, Pdcd1 mRNA is expressed in developing B lymphocytes during the pro-B-cell stage. (bioxcell.com)

Only BioLegend clones validated using the reagents listed below are guaranteed to work as intended with this protocol. (biolegend.com)
While influenza infection of mice does not precisely replicate the natural infection in human, avian, or other vertebrate species, the availability of reagents and genetically modified mouse models has enabled extensive analysis of the cellular immune response. (cdc.gov)

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in early innate immunity to invading pathogens by sensing microorganisms. (invivogen.com)
A vaccine approach based on cell-mediated immunity that avoids some of these drawbacks is discussed here. (cdc.gov)
We review the literature on the role of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity in influenza infection and the available data on the role of these responses in protection from highly pathogenic influenza infection. (cdc.gov)
Greater understanding of how each subset contributes to protective immunity and how T-cell memory is maintained and recalled in a secondary infection would contribute to development of effective vaccines that use these basic features of the immune response. (cdc.gov)
Mouse models of influenza A virus pneumonia provide a well-developed experimental system to analyze T cell-mediated immunity. (cdc.gov)

We engineered CAR-T cells to express interleukin (IL)-7 and CCL19 (7 × 19 CAR-T cells), as these factors are essential for the maintenance of T-cell zones in lymphoid organs. (nature.com)

Upon immobilization sAxl advertised cell migration and induced the phosphorylation of Axl and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. (exposed-skin-care.net)
We hypothesized that gonadotropin releasing hormones receptor 2 (GnRH-R2), which together produce a signal that interacts with the PG-axis, may help to regulate spawning migration processes. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, a wound-healing experiment demonstrated significant migration and growth of fibroblast cells at the edge of the wound. (bvsalud.org)

Figure 3: Infiltration of tumor tissues treated with 7 × 19 CAR-T cells by both T cells and DCs. (nature.com)
In this investigation we sought to answer the question concerning the presence of mast cells in human and rat dental pulp tissues, under normal and inflammatory conditions. (bvsalud.org)

2012). APPL1 is recruited by Rab5 to endosomes involved in traffic of transmembrane receptors including integrins (Miaczynska et al. (bio2009.org)

Research with animals, particularly mice with specifically targeted mutations, has allowed better comprehension of the specific mechanisms involved in deficiency states and the resulting clinical manifestations and/or associated diseases. (medscape.com)
Activating mutations upstream may also underlie some epigenetic or within the ERK1/2 cascade are events that change cell signalling. (who.int)

The receptors are widely expressed in humans. (medscape.com)
In humans, CD134 is expressed at high levels on activated CD4+ T cells and virally stimulated CD4+ T cells. (beckman.com)
Our results showed that inflamed and non-inflamed dental pulps neither from humans nor from rats presented mast cells. (bvsalud.org)
Since mast cells are active during inflammatory responses it becomes crucial to find out if these cells are actually present and play a role in dental pulp under normal and inflammatory conditions either in humans or in rats. (bvsalud.org)
Therefore, the purpose of the present work was, under the same experimental conditions, to identify mast cells in healthy and inflamed dental pulp from rats and humans using toluidine blue histochemistry and immunohistochemistry techniques. (bvsalud.org)
2002). In humans, SSEA4 is expressed by building the nervous system but also for their prospec- nonneural cells such as the erythrocytes (Kannagi et al. (lu.se)

Note the image below, as well as the article Pediatric Complement Receptor Deficiency may be helpful. (medscape.com)

Anti-human NKp30 mAb, is derived from hybridization of mouse P3-X63-Ag8.653 myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c immunized with recombinant human NKp30 amino acids 19-138 purified from E. coli. (prospecbio.com)

Rosenberg, S.A. & Restifo, N.P. Adoptive cell transfer as personalized immunotherapy for human cancer. (nature.com)
Intense efforts to examine genetic alterations in human cancer have provided a catalogue of cancer-causing genes. (haematologica.org)
The study of functional synergism among cancer-causing genes is thus becoming one of the central issues in cancer research. (haematologica.org)
This accounts for the fact that our knowledge about synergistic combinations of cancer-causing genes has remained limited. (haematologica.org)
The Tcf4-driven target gene program in colorectal cancer cells is the malignant counterpart of a physiological gene program in selfrenewing crypts (13, 14). (hubrecht.eu)
While several nanocarriers for medicinal purposes have been approved for human trials, only a few have been authorized for clinical use in targeting cancer cells. (bvsalud.org)
pendent of those associated with cretory ducts, columnar epithelia the KRAS gene is more frequent- other key mechanistic characteris- lining the gastrointestinal tract and ly mutated in human cancer, which tics of IARC Group 1 carcinogens. (who.int)
Resolving the Pathogenesis of Anaplastic Wilms Tumors through Spatial Mapping of Cancer Cell Evolution. (lu.se)

Cloned first from an intestinal epithelium cell line, it occurs most notably in the testis, in the receptor cells of the inner ear, and in the pigment epithelium of the retina. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Daughters of the small intestinal stem cells, the Paneth cells, serve as crypt niche cells by providing Wnt, Notch and EGF signals (33). (hubrecht.eu)

In mice, 7 × 19 CAR-T cells achieved complete regression of pre-established solid tumors and prolonged mouse survival, with superior anti-tumor activity compared to conventional CAR-T cells. (nature.com)

1983) and the multipotent progenitor cells from fetal disease (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 2000). (lu.se)

Anatomy26

Organisms11

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs107

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment22

Phenomena and Processes87

Information Science4

Health Care1

Proteins15

Antigen15

Expression27

Antibody18

Ligand9

Protein17

Dendritic7

Monoclonal3

CDNA4

Cytokine4

Flow cytometry3

Proliferation5

Antibodies7

Chimeric1

Ligands2

Tyrosine kinases1

Distinct3

Cytokines4

Vivo and in vitro3

Murine7

Differentiation1

Bone marrow4

Mammalian1

Regulation4

Transcription4

Membrane3

Recognize3

Biology8

Molecular8

Embryonic6

Tumor cells2

Peptides2

Peripheral5

Immunology2

Vitro2

Soluble1

Target genes3

Homolog2

Activation11

IgG11

Adhesion1

Chromosome1

Peroxisome1

20011

Molecules4

Intracellular2

Systemic1

Transcriptionally1

Complexes4

Granulosa Cells2

Stem Cell2

Accumulation2

Lymphocytes2

Reagents2

Immunity5

Lymphoid1

Migration3

Tissues2

Integrins1

Mutations2

Humans6

Deficiency1

Myeloma cells1

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Intestinal2

Survival1

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