Cell physiological processes. Medical search. Frequent questions (2)

Protein expression screens are routinely used to identify biological processes deregulated upon disease development or upon specific cellular perturbations. (europa.eu)
The National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) supports basic research that increases our understanding of biological processes and lays the foundation for advances in disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. (nih.gov)
Notably, lncRNAs have been shown to mediate various biological processes in cells, including glucose and lipid metabolism ( 4 , 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
This project aims to unveil physiological roles of RNA modifications associated with fundamental biological processes. (go.jp)
Circ_0005015, circRNA PWWP domain containing 2A, circRNA zinc finger protein 532, circRNA zinc finger protein 609, circRNA DNA methyltransferase 3β, circRNA collagen type I α2 chain and circHIPK3 widely affect multiple biological processes of diabetic retinopathy. (spandidos-publications.com)

EVs are produced by all major CNS cell types and appear to play a role in normal physiological functions and in pathological processes. (nih.gov)
Thereby, our results provide an integrative view of seemingly contradictory results concerning the effects of Twist1 in physiological and pathological processes. (sciencedaily.com)

These receptors may play a key role in the interplay between inflammatory and metabolic processes. (nih.gov)
Gene expression patterns isolated after experimental treatment revealed differential expression of genes involved in construction of cell membranes, oxidation-reduction and various metabolic processes. (usda.gov)
After all whatever your gender, the same physiological and metabolic processes occur. (bmj.com)

Autophagy is a fundamental evolutionarily conserved process where the cells degrade their own cellular material. (frontiersin.org)
Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved cell reprograming machinery, had been shown to function as an important regulatory mechanism in spermatogenesis and steroid production in testis. (intechopen.com)
By showing autophagy in physiological and pathophysiological conditions, we try to elicit the regulatory role of autophagy in spermatogenic cells and somatic cells of testis. (intechopen.com)
Moreover, this review is intended to point out factors and mechanisms, which contribute to the initiation of autophagy in testicular cells. (intechopen.com)
Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of sequestering part of cell component into cyclic processes to reverse adverse microenvironmental conditions, including limited nutrient supplies, hypoxia and some other stresses. (intechopen.com)
CircRNA LDL receptor related protein 6, circRNA actin related protein 2, circ_0000064, circ‑0101383, circ_0123996, hsa_circ_0003928 and circ_0000285 mediate inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy of podocytes, mesangial cell hypertrophy and proliferation, as well as tubulointerstitial fibrosis, in diabetic nephropathy by regulating the expression of microRNAs and proteins. (spandidos-publications.com)
A process like "Pac-Men" in our cells starts cleaning up junk - what scientists call "autophagy. (universityofcalifornia.edu)

In obesity, clock gene function and physiological rhythms were preserved in the vasculature but clock gene transcription in metabolic tissues and rhythms of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were blunted. (medscape.com)
The recovery of physiological functionality, which is commonly seen in tissue mimetic three-dimensional (3D) cellular aggregates (organoids, spheroids, acini, etc.), has been observed in cells of many origins (primary tissues, embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and immortal cell lines). (mdpi.com)
NIGMS-funded scientists investigate how living systems work at a range of levels-from molecules and cells to tissues and organs-in research organisms, humans, and populations. (nih.gov)
What goes wrong in cells and tissues to increase overall disease risk, and is this decline inevitable, or can we reverse it to bring healthy years to the elderly? (harvard.edu)
This includes using tumour cell lines, engineering islet cell precursors, knowledge of the mechanisms of differentiation, regeneration and growth and, finally, therapeutic cloning of human tissues. (nih.gov)
When cells are not grown on supports, they may form 3D aggregates called spheroids, which secrete their own ECM to become more like native solid tissues. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Different requirements for data processing, dissemination and storage apply for mass spectrometry applied to the analysis of proteins and proteomes. (nih.gov)
Proteins are ubiquitous, mediating structural and functional roles in all cells. (europa.eu)
In collaboration with the Radiation Biology Program of the NCI, we have begun a mouse imaging study that will utilize malignant cells transfected with the gene(s) for synthesis of fluorescent proteins. (nih.gov)
Integrins are receptor proteins that play a critical role in regulating several tumor cells growth. (nih.gov)
Explaining the rudimentary mechanisms of cell metabolism, regulation, and signaling, and the proteins required, got her elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1985. (nih.gov)
They are ubiquitous in many biofluids and act as important mediators of extracellular signaling through their capacity to transfer proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids between cells. (nih.gov)
In neurodegenerative disorders and brain cancer, EVs directly influence the disease state by spreading misfolded or cancer proteins to healthy cells. (nih.gov)
For example, all CNS-EVs may contain common and unique surface or cargo markers where relative proportions of different elements, such as RNAs or proteins, may distinguish EVs derived from different cell types. (nih.gov)
We are specifically interested in the interactions of synaptic proteins that are involved in regulating memory, behavior, and addiction, and our long-term goal is to apply these photonic approaches to facilitate the identification of drugs that can target and specifically correct abnormal protein interactions inside cells. (nih.gov)
30 soluble proteins and membrane-bound proteins, which exist widely in serum, tissue fluid and cell membrane surface ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The structure, function and synthesis of proteins, RNA and DNA and their interrelated biological functions within the cell. (sfu.ca)

The present investigations were focused on understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms induced by raw SWCNT (SWCNT) in human bronchial-epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). (cdc.gov)
Characterizing innate mechanisms of skin regeneration by stem cells in vivo is important for the area of stem cell biology. (nih.gov)
NIGMS' research mission is aimed at understanding the principles, mechanisms, and processes that underlie living organisms, often using research models. (nih.gov)
Additionally, the differential expression profiles observed in this study show little overlap with those differentially expressed during temperature stress in the diapause state, suggesting that the mechanisms governing a robust physiological low-temperature stress response depend upon life stage. (usda.gov)
Protein purification and cloning approaches are employed to characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes. (newswise.com)
The Schaffer Lab uses genetic, biochemical, cell biological, and physiological approaches to study mechanisms through which metabolic stress leads to cell dysfunction and cell death. (harvard.edu)

Vitamin B12 plays some very important roles in our bodies, like forming red blood cells and maintaining nerve function. (naturalfactors.com)

The primary goal for the concept presented here is to develop novel methods, technologies, and validated approaches for improved cell-type specific isolation of central nervous system (CNS) extracellular vesicles (EVs) from various human biofluids. (nih.gov)
The experimental approaches described by the authors include physiological, neurochemical, pharmacological, behavioral, and clinical investigations, and clearly demonstrate the multi-disciplinary nature of current research in neuroscience. (epa.gov)
Our lab employs hypothesis-driven approaches utilizing genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, and animal models combined with unbiased systems-level tools like genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and bioinformatics. (harvard.edu)
A study of the molecular processes which underlie cell structure and function, integrating ultrastructural, physiological and biochemical approaches. (sfu.ca)
3D cell culture models may be generally classified into two principal categories based on method: 1) scaffold-based methods using hydrogels or structural scaffolds and 2) scaffold-free approaches using freely floating cell aggregates, typically referred to as spheroids. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Endothelium plays a critical role in vascular physiological, pathophysiological, and reparative processes. (medscape.com)

A firm understanding of the regulation of metabolism may be key to inducing alterations of the process and improve the prognosis of various types of diseases. (frontiersin.org)
This situation causes endothelial dysfunction characterised by vasospasm, vasoconstriction, local coagulation alterations, abnormal fibrinolysis, and an increase in arterial wall cell proliferation. (hindawi.com)
These are structural and physiological alterations and progressive changes in each layer of the skin with time. (selfgrowth.com)

Integrated control of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. (nih.gov)
The physiological control of cellular proliferation and differentiation is an integrated regulatory process. (nih.gov)
In these cells the coupling of growth arrest and differentiation occurs at a distinct biological state, and this predifferentiation arrest state is distinguishable by a variety of criteria from other restriction points, such as the growth factor deficiency arrest state and the nutrient deficiency arrest state. (nih.gov)
From this state, differentiation can then occur as a two-step process. (nih.gov)
Cells first undergo nonterminal differentiation and, second, they terminally differentiate. (nih.gov)
Thereafter, when nonterminally differentiated cells undergo the terminal event in differentiation, they irreversibly lose their proliferative potential. (nih.gov)
In this paper, data are reviewed which establish that the integrated control of proliferation and differentiation in 3T3 T mesenchymal stem cells is mediated both at the predifferentiation arrest state and at the state of nonterminal differentiation. (nih.gov)
Scalable inference of cell differentiation networks in gene therapy clonal tracking studies of haematopoiesis. (harvard.edu)
The processing of this program requires delicate balance between cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and expedite cell interaction. (intechopen.com)
Highly characterized cryopreserved human colonic organoids and a step-by-step organoid culture protocol for epithelial intestinal organoid differentiation from iPS cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)

This conclusion is based upon observations using numerous in vivo and in vitro experimental systems of which murine BALB/c 3T3 T mesenchymal stem cells represent an excellent in vitro model. (nih.gov)
Growing any cell type in vitro demands proper physiological growth conditions. (the-scientist.com)
Additionally, AZT had no effect on DNA polymerase activity and did not cause cell damage in vitro and in vivo . (jneurosci.org)
Because cells in vivo interact with their environment in three dimensions, 3D cell culture tools, reagents, and techniques have led to the creation of more predictive in vitro cell models for diverse applications and disciplines including cancer research, drug discovery, neuroscience, and regenerative medicine. (sigmaaldrich.com)

These receptors exhibit critical functions in regulating embryonic development and many other physiological processes and have been implicated in a variety of pathologies. (nih.gov)
A research team based in Kumamoto University (Japan) has created complex 3D kidney tissue in the lab solely from cultured mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. (phys.org)

Circadian rhythms are integral to the normal functioning of numerous physiological processes. (medscape.com)
Circadian rhythms are pervasive in physiological processes. (medscape.com)
This story is focused on the science of circadian rhythms, the 24-hour physiological patterns that most organisms, including humans, follow each day. (observer.com)
Chen and Yoo study circadian rhythms, the 24-hour physiological patterns that most organisms, including humans, follow each day. (observer.com)

Exposure of BEAS-2B cells to SWCNT induced apoptosis, DNA damage, and oxidative stress. (cdc.gov)
Due to oxygen deprivation, endothelial cell apoptosis is induced following hypovolemic shock. (medscape.com)
Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay and flow cytometry were carried out to test the viability and apoptosis of podocytes, respectively. (spandidos-publications.com)
The effect of sublytic C5b-9 on podocytes leads to changes in podocytes such as fusion of podocytes processes, apoptosis and abscission from the glomerular basement membrane, resulting in structural and functional dysfunction of glomerular filtration barrier and ultimately proteinuria ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Certain circRNAs, such as circRNA ankyrin repeat domain 36, circRNA homeodomain‑interacting protein kinase 3 (circHIPK3) and circRNA WD repeat domain 77, are associated with inflammation, endothelial cell apoptosis and smooth muscle cell proliferation, leading to vascular endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. (spandidos-publications.com)

With their investigations, the team was able to reveal a new aspect of how Twist1 regulates cell shape and function and, thereby, impacts regeneration, but also tumor progression. (sciencedaily.com)

In diploid organisms (like humans), the somatic cells possess two copies of the genome, one inherited from the father and one from the mother. (wikipedia.org)
We search for novel RNA modifications from human cells and other organisms, and determine their chemical structures by RNA mass spectrometry. (go.jp)
Making decisions at the right time and place is what defines a cell's behavior and is particularly critical for stem cells of an developing organisms. (sciencedaily.com)

ABGPI also collaborate in the opsonization of apoptotic cells [ 19 ] and could disrupt the physiological angiogenic process [ 20 ]. (hindawi.com)

Cell Biology and Genetics) schedule was the major area of focus for the 2013 edition. (nih.gov)
Scientists from the Institute of Stem Cell Research and the Institute of Experimental Genetics at the Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU) examined the effects of Twist1 activation on breast epithelial cells, paying particular attention to the duration of the Twist1-signal. (sciencedaily.com)

Specifically, taxonomic considerations influence how behavioral homologies are understood, where the latter are tied to such processes as perception, action, memory, and learning (Ereshefsky 2007a ). (springer.com)
In fact, there is a substantial body of rigorous scientific evidence which shows that what is widely regarded as animal cognition is also found in plants, down to its physiological and behavioral basis. (springer.com)
Studies have suggested frequent cell phone use could increase the risk of brain tumors, migraines, and some behavioral problems in children. (autismfile.com)

We did not observe any evidence of BM-derived keratinocytes under these conditions, but we did observe BM-derived dendritic cells in the skin grafts. (nih.gov)
Circulating ABGPI activity involves dendritic cells activation and could interact with endothelial cells through a nuclear factor kappa B (NF- B) dependent mechanism, leading to the expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules and increasing the release of proinflammatory cytokines [ 10 , 11 , 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
DEC-205 (CD205), a member of the macrophage mannose receptor protein family, is the prototypic endocytic receptor of dendritic cells, whose ligands include phosphorothioated cytosine-guanosine (CpG) oligonucleotides, a motif often seen in bacterial or viral DNA. (uci.edu)

Neurogenesis is the process of the generation of new neurons from neural stem cells and progenitor cells. (hindawi.com)
In adults, the formation of new neurons persists in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and in the olfactory bulbs, where new neurons mature after migration of neural stem/progenitor cells from the subventricular zone of lateral ventricles. (hindawi.com)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection drives differential responses in the bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. (harvard.edu)

Using biochemical, genetic, and physiological studies, we aim to find novel pathways and preventive, therapeutic solutions to today's greatest threats to global human health. (harvard.edu)

typically they act together to form assemblies that mediate cellular processes. (nih.gov)
C ell culture is an indispensable tool in biological research, allowing researchers to unravel basic cellular processes by facilitating disease modeling and drug discovery. (the-scientist.com)
Furthermore, we attempt to control cellular processes by artificially manipulating RNA modifications, thereby establishing a technological basis for future drug discovery and therapeutic measures. (go.jp)
An introduction to cellular processes with an emphasis on protein structure and function. (sfu.ca)

In the eukaryotic cell nucleus, chromatin is the physiological template of all DNA-dependent processes including transcription. (nature.com)

Investigations into the localization of function as well as the advent of single-cell recordings of neurons fostered greater insights into the processing of information from sensation to perception. (wikipedia.org)
However, many disease processes may alter protein function - intricately related to structure - without altering expression. (europa.eu)
Loss-of-function lesions impact B-cell development and fitness but are insufficient to drive CLL in mouse models. (harvard.edu)
As we'll discuss later, being good to our natural rhythms improves daily physiological and psychological function-and ultimately short- and long-term health. (observer.com)
This would have significant implications for signal processing, because it would imply that the offset of the I-O function cannot be modified independently of its gain. (jneurosci.org)
This association has led to extensive research demonstrating that alcohol abuse has a profound and negative impact on immune cell number and function and development of immune defense against pathogens. (nih.gov)
In addition, membrane-bound phosphoproteins may play a role in the regulation of receptor function, and this process may be regulated by neuropeptides. (epa.gov)
On the other hand, some reports suggest that ABGPI could modulate vascular wall dysfunction inducing vessel smooth cell function deterioration and through the inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide production causing vascular thrombosis [ 11 , 21 , 22 ]. (hindawi.com)
Transcription factor Twist1 is involved in many processes where cells change shape or function. (sciencedaily.com)
By contrast, chronic Twist1 activity suppresses stem-cell-like properties and promotes a phenotype that is characterized by extreme changes in cell shape and function, effectively locking the cells into an invasive, non-proliferative phenotype. (sciencedaily.com)
The Manning lab investigates the regulation and function of the PI3K-mTOR signaling network under physiological and pathological settings. (harvard.edu)
Under the premises of detailed knowledge of the physiological basis underlying this behaviour, two lines of investigation might be inferred: generating computational and operational models to explain and predict this behaviour and engineering islet cells to reconstruct pancreatic endocrine function. (nih.gov)
Modern techniques used in the analysis of organelle and cell function are integral parts of the course. (sfu.ca)

lncRNAs mediate glucose and lipid metabolism under physiological and pathological conditions and contribute to various metabolism disorders. (frontiersin.org)

Lipid metabolism refers to the synthesis and degradation of lipids in cells and involves the breakdown or storage of fats for energy and the synthesis of structural and functional lipids. (frontiersin.org)
Substantial studies have explored the regulatory process of glucose and lipid metabolism from the perspective of lncRNAs in an effort to provide new insights into the regulatory mechanism of glucose and lipid metabolism. (frontiersin.org)

The team is focusing on protein aggregates or superassemblies (SAs), given that SAs are involved in both normal and disease processes. (europa.eu)
Protein aggregates form not only during disease but also under physiological conditions. (europa.eu)
Exposure of BEAS-2B cells to SWCNT resulted in the phosphorylation of protein p42/44 (p42/44) and protein p38 (p38). (cdc.gov)
These cells express high levels of HER2 (HER2/neu, c-ErbB2) protein. (nih.gov)
The goal of the Laboratory of Biophotonics and Quantum Biology (LBQB) is to develop advanced imaging and spectroscopy techniques for studying protein-protein interaction under physiological conditions and for developing second-generation biosensors. (nih.gov)
To understand how the structure of fluorescent protein dimers allow then to form coherent excitonic interactions under hot and wet physiological conditions. (nih.gov)
A major obstacle to understanding the basis of these diseases is the paucity of robust methods for studying both normal and abnormal protein interactions under physiological conditions. (nih.gov)
LBQB has been developing new forms of microscopy as well as spectroscopy through fiber optics to monitor protein interactions inside living cells and animals. (nih.gov)
The cyclic nucleotides appear to exert their physiological effects by regulating protein phosphorylation-dephosphorylation cycles. (epa.gov)
These autoantibodies are directed against beta2-glycoprotein antigens, a plasmatic protein that displays an intense tropism for endothelial cell membrane phospholipids [ 10 , 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
MARV assembles and buds from the host cell plasma where MARV matrix protein (mVP40) dimers associate with anionic lipids at the plasma membrane inner leaflet and undergo a dynamic and extensive self-oligomerization into the structural matrix layer. (uci.edu)

Plants are dealing with life and death," said Sally Yoo, assistant professor in the Biochemistry and Cell Biology Graduate Program at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), somberly. (observer.com)
The Mair Lab studies the basic biology of the aging process, driven by the central question: Why are we more likely to get chronic diseases when we are old than when we are young? (harvard.edu)
Students from all faculties (including science) will work together in a team-based approach to understand the fundamentals of cell biology and molecular biology in the context of science fiction literature. (sfu.ca)

The results of this study show that the molecular mechanism for raw SWCNT-mediated toxicity in BEAS-2B cells is through the activation of caspase-3, caspase-7, and PARP-1. (cdc.gov)

Scientists working in basic, translational, and clinical cancer metabolism research are invited to join the Academy in New York on April 17th to discuss the intersection between cell signaling and metabolism. (nyas.org)
Normal glucose metabolism is essential for cell life and influences cell survival. (frontiersin.org)
When oxygen is scarce, cells rely on glycolysis rather than oxygen-consuming mitochondrial metabolism for an energy supply ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)

A critical early step in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is endothelial dysfunction, the hallmark of which is impaired nitric oxide (NO) production by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in vascular endothelial cells. (medscape.com)
The functions of the endothelium are highly altered following hypovolemic shock due to ischemia of the endothelial cells and by reperfusion due to resuscitation with fluids. (medscape.com)

Their emphasis is on performance-enhancing diets (nutrition) and exercise programs, specifically on biochemistry: how the body reacts to hormone imbalance and the communication network that carries instructions to the cells. (cassiopaea.org)

Integrin (avß3) can provide specific cell survival signals that facilitate vascular cell proliferation during angiogenesis. (nih.gov)

A discerning feature of simple cells is that their responses display orientation and positional selectivity. (wikipedia.org)
This result provides support for physiological responses to chill injury seen across other insect species. (usda.gov)
However, the Endocrine system is where there are distinct differences in sex steroid production, which in turn have different responses in multiple target cells. (bmj.com)

The products of degradation are transported back into the cytoplasm through lysosomal membrane permeases and can be reused by the cell. (frontiersin.org)
The basic structure of autophagosome was first revealed by Ashford and Porter [ 1 ], who described membrane-bound vacuoles in rat liver cells. (intechopen.com)
EVs encompass a diverse array of cell-derived, nano-scale (100-1000 nm), membrane bound vesicles. (nih.gov)
The CSDH outer membrane, which contains inflammatory cells, plays an important role in CSDH development. (mdpi.com)
Depending on cell membrane properties and surface inhibitors, the assembly of C5b-9 on cell membranes has certain biological effects. (spandidos-publications.com)
When assembling on the non-nucleated cell membrane such as that of a red blood cell, C5b-9 forms transmembrane channels to dissolve the cell. (spandidos-publications.com)
In the surface assembly of nucleated cells, due to the presence of limiting factors, C5b-9 shallowly inserts into the membrane and cannot cause membrane perforation and rupture, which is called sublytic C5b-9 ( 8 , 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Adhere cells to solid substrates using poly-lysine, which enhances electrostatic interaction between negatively charged ions of the cell membrane and the culture surface. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Physiological functions. (nih.gov)
2. A ring or group of thick-walled cells around the sporangia of many ferns that functions in spore release. (wordsmith.org)

Both engineered nanoparticle s and nanoparticle s derived from combustion or incidental processes exhibit a range of physical and chemical properties that induce inflammation and oxidative stress in biological systems. (cdc.gov)

Our in vivo imaging method was used to search for the presence and identify the 3D spatial distribution of BM-derived cells in the epidermis of the skin under normal conditions, following wound healing, and after syngeneic skin grafting. (nih.gov)
In vivo multimodal imaging has great potential for characterizing the conditions under which BM-derived cells contribute to skin regeneration. (nih.gov)
Cells are well-known to acquire energy via glycolysis in the cytosol, followed by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation under aerobic conditions ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
Her work increases our understanding of how cells undertake the many processes that enable them to adapt to changing physiological conditions. (nih.gov)
How to maintain cell culture conditions for enhanced sample safety. (the-scientist.com)
Opening the incubator door destabilizes the established optimal conditions inside, and the recovery period after the door is closed takes 20-30 minutes, creating environmental stress that affects cell growth and behavior. (the-scientist.com)
Collectively, these factors contribute to changes in culture conditions, jeopardizing cell growth. (the-scientist.com)
Together, ideal environmental conditions and their faster recovery after door closing are critical to cell cultures. (the-scientist.com)
To their surprise, cells were permanently altered after a short dose of Twist1-activation: they proliferated under very stringent conditions usually permissive only for stem cells and were able to generate complex multicellular structures, suggesting a gain of cellular plasticity. (sciencedaily.com)
Coating surfaces with laminin for culturing cells requires specific conditions for optimal results. (sigmaaldrich.com)

These epigenetic marks are established ("imprinted") in the germline (sperm or egg cells) of the parents and are maintained through mitotic cell divisions in the somatic cells of an organism. (wikipedia.org)

The podocyte is the epithelial cell of the renal follicle and terminally differentiated cell. (spandidos-publications.com)

In vivo multimodal microscopy for detecting bone-marrow-derived cell contribution to skin regeneration. (nih.gov)
Using a GFP BM-transplanted mouse model and in vivo multimodal microscopy, BM-derived cells can be observed in the skin. (nih.gov)
Current research projects include modeling of calcium and electrical signaling in anterior pituitary cells and pancreatic beta cells, analysis of time series data from fluorescence video microscopy in beta cells, and analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data of anterior pituitary cells. (nih.gov)

Primary neural cell cultures and state-of-the-art analytical techniques such as liquid chromatography/mass-spectrometry are used to investigate formation and deactivation of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol in brain cells. (newswise.com)
In sensitive and expensive stem cells or primary cell cultures, cell culture failure could ruin important experiments and increase costs. (the-scientist.com)
In addition to contamination, cell cultures are at risk due to the edge effect caused by liquid evaporation in incubators. (the-scientist.com)
The TrueGel3D® HTS Hydrogel Plate is a ready-to-use solution to easily establish 3D cell cultures using fully synthetic hydrogels in a simple and automation-compatible manner. (sigmaaldrich.com)

The recent discovery of massive adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal region of the human brain has greatly expanded the interest toward interventions aimed at potentiating neurogenic processes in neurological disorders, ageing, and neurodegenerative diseases. (hindawi.com)

NIGMS-supported research may utilize specific cells or organ systems if they serve as models for understanding general principles. (nih.gov)
Within individual cells and within each tissue or organ there's a time for every physiological process. (observer.com)

Though these manufactured supports are less like the in vivo ECM, they may enhance reproducibility and facilitate cell retrieval from the culture. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Both scaffolded and scaffold-free systems enable interaction in all directions with substrate, other cells, and extracellular factors. (sigmaaldrich.com)

lncRNAs are found in every branch of life, displaying a high degree of tissue- and cell-specific distribution ( 9 ). (frontiersin.org)

Information processing by cerebellar molecular layer interneurons (MLIs) plays a crucial role in motor behavior. (elifesciences.org)
In the cerebellar cortex, the FFI microcircuit is activated by granule cells (GCs) that target two types of molecular layer interneurons (MLIs): stellate cells (SCs) and basket cells (BCs). (elifesciences.org)
Whilst the former is being fuelled by new computational strategies, giving biophysicists the possibility of modelling a system in which new "emergent" properties appear, the latter is benefiting from the useful tools and strategic knowledge achieved by molecular, cell and developmental biologists. (nih.gov)

In this protocol non-invasive optical imaging will be tested as a mean of providing a scientifically reproducible means of assessing different types of tumor cells growth by measuring integrin level in tumor. (nih.gov)
However, when activated during tumor development, Twist1 promotes aggressive behaviour in tumor cells. (sciencedaily.com)

These structures regulate important normal processes and contribute to cellular architecture. (europa.eu)

This plurality and plasticity suggest that probably several basic principles promote this recovery process. (mdpi.com)
MLI recruitment is tightly controlled by the profile of short-term plasticity (STP) at granule cell (GC)-MLI synapses. (elifesciences.org)
We show that transient Twist1 activation primes certain cells for stem-cell-like properties and cellular plasticity. (sciencedaily.com)

The new blood vessels play a key role in the physiological development of cancerous tumors. (nih.gov)
The solute specificities of TIPs plays a role in physiological processes like stomatal movement and vacuolar sequestration as well as in alleviating environmental stress. (tcdb.org)
TIPs also play a role in growth and developmental processes like radicle protrusion, anther dehiscence, seed germination, cell elongation, and expansion. (tcdb.org)
Beyond this protective role, Mrr can inflict chromosomal DNA damage that elicits the SOS response in the host cell upon heterologous expression of specific methyltransferases such as M.HhaII, or after exposure to high pressure (HP). (uci.edu)

The body can utilize it immediately upon absorption to support essential physiological processes. (naturalfactors.com)

Evidence is mounting that normal physiological rhythm may be lost in disease. (medscape.com)
A progressive decline or degeneration of normal physiological functioning occurring as a result of the aging process. (wordsmith.org)

Currently, simple end-stopped and complex end-stopped cells are the terms of choice to describe neurons with end-stopping properties. (wikipedia.org)

Cell Stem Cell. (harvard.edu)
Scientists describe a new mode of action: a short-term, transient activation of Twist1 primes cells for stem cell-like properties. (sciencedaily.com)
By contrast, prolonged, chronic Twist1 activity suppresses stem cell-like traits. (sciencedaily.com)

Our premise is that delineating the complex circuitry of signaling networks within cells will shed light on how best to directly stimulate or inhibit these pathways in order to prevent or treat human diseases like cancer and Type II diabetes. (harvard.edu)

A hypercomplex cell (currently called an end-stopped cell) is a type of visual processing neuron in the mammalian cerebral cortex. (wikipedia.org)
Mammalian spermatogenesis is a high regulated biological process occurring in the seminiferous tubules in the testis. (intechopen.com)

And not just because you took on a challenge and succeeded - your cells are reacting to this short-term stress in a very healthy way. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
The small dose of stress prompts an adaptation to stress, which leaves our cells younger. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
But if your psychological reaction to chronic or even acute stress is a "threat response" - meaning you perceive a minor threat as a true threat to your ego or survival - you might not get the same beneficial recovery process. (universityofcalifornia.edu)

However, the precise contribution of Twist1 to these processes is under much debate. (sciencedaily.com)

This process identified over 250 papers published in 2001, which we then forwarded to internationally recognized scientists to select the top 25 papers. (nih.gov)

Biological processes5

Pathological processes2

Metabolic processes3

Autophagy7

Tissues6

Proteins11

Mechanisms6

Roles1

Approaches5

Pathophysiological1

Alterations3

Differentiation10

Vitro4

Embryonic2

Circadian4

Apoptosis5

Regulates1

Organisms3

Angiogenic1

Genetics2

Behavioral3

Dendritic cells3

Progenitor cells3

Biochemical1

Cellular processes4

Nucleus1

Function13

Mediate1

Lipid metabolism2

Protein11

Biology3

Mechanism1

Metabolism3

Endothelial2

Biochemistry1

Proliferation1

Responses3

Membrane8

Functions2

Nanoparticle1

Conditions10

Somatic cells1

Epithelial cell1

Microscopy3

Cultures4

Neurodegenerative1

Organ2

Supports1

Interaction1

Tissue1

Molecular3

Tumor cells2

Structures1

Plasticity3

Role4

Utilize1

Normal2

Neurons1

Stem cell3

Pathways1

Mammalian2

Stress3

Contribution1

Scientists1