• Among them, nanoparticles (NPs) such as dendrimers, polymeric NPs, metallic NPs, magnetic NPs and quantum dots have emerged as effective vaccine adjuvants for infectious diseases and cancer therapy. (scienceopen.com)
  • One of the most important applications of nanotechnology in medicine involves use of nanoparticles to deliver drugs, and other therapeutic substances to specific types of cells (such as cancer cells). (trialx.com)
  • Due to their small size, nanoparticles can also penetrate the blood-brain barrier which is impervious to most therapeutic and imaging agents. (trialx.com)
  • The small size of nanoparticles allows them to interact readily with biomolecules on the cell surface (receptors) and within the cell, and thus allows better understanding of complex processes that govern the behavior of cells in their normal state and during the diseased state. (trialx.com)
  • We show that primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) readily uptake the nanoparticles with and without specific antibody targets. (frontiersin.org)
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of shear stress on cellular behaviors of biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles to cancer cells (A549 cell lines) in a biomimetic microfluidic system. (preprints.org)
  • The cellular interactions between nanoparticles and cells in drug delivery should be carefully examined according to the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles such as the type of materials, size and mainly surface charge in a biomimetic microfluidic condition. (preprints.org)
  • 2. Molecular and Biocompatibility Characterization of Red Blood Cell Membrane Targeted and Cell-Penetrating-Peptide-Modified Polymeric Nanoparticles, Mol. (creativepegworks.com)
  • Interfaces 2021 Oct 13;13(40):47313-47326, Dual-Functional Dendrimer Micelles with Glycyrrhizic Acid for Anti-Inflammatory Therapy of Acute Lung Injury. (bioimagingsystem.com)
  • Active targeting involves use of targeting ligands such as antibodies, peptides (e.g cell penetrating peptides) which bind specifically to receptors, epitopes over-expressed on target site. (trialx.com)
  • IL-2 and IFN-γ), immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy (e.g., anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies), and adoptive T-cell transfer (e.g., chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy) [ 3 - 5 ]. (thno.org)
  • Drug delivery systems (DDS) are used vehicles to transport therapeutic agents including antibodies, peptides, vaccines, drugs, and enzymes to a target location and safely achieve the desired therapeutic effect. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • One of the possible reasons for the failure of the present therapeutic regimens is the existence of a relatively rare cell population known as cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are resistant to or not targeted by present therapeutic modalities. (docksci.com)
  • The emergence of multifunctional nanomaterials can expectedly endow these therapeutic cargoes with high solubility, favorable pharmacokinetic distribution, cell-specific delivery, and controlled release. (thno.org)
  • Immunotherapy is currently considered as a promising next-generation therapeutic strategy for various cancers thanks to its ability to modulate cell-specific immune responses toward tumors [ 1 ], which has gradually remodeled the landscape of clinical anticancer modality [ 2 ]. (thno.org)
  • In periodontal disease treatment, the conventional route of drug administration has many drawbacks such as poor biodistribution, low selectivity of the therapeutic effect, burst release of the drug, and damage to healthy cells. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • However, conventional drug administration pathways also have many drawbacks such as serious side effects, poor biodistribution, low selectivity of the therapeutic effect, burst release of the drug, and damage to healthy cells [ 6 ] , [ 7] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Folic acid and cyclic arginylglycylaspartic acid peptides were introduced to the surface of negatively charged lipid-coated hybrid polydopamine-cysteine cores for the delivery of epirubicin (EPI) (E/PCF-NPs). (dovepress.com)
  • This allowed us to determine that the heparan sulfate pathway and the conserved oligomeric Golgi complex are key determinants allowing entry of both dsRNA and viral nucleic acid leading to cell death. (cnrs.fr)
  • iv) Production and Characterization of 3D cell culture models aimed for drug screening. (cienciavitae.pt)
  • Here, we synthesize an electrically charged cationic formulation of IGF-1 by using a short-length arginine-rich, hydrophilic cationic peptide carrier (CPC) with a net charge of +14, designed for rapid and high uptake and retention in both healthy and arthritic cartilage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Polymeric nanoformulations offer the potential for controlled release of a range of hydrophilic, hydrophobic drugs, vaccines, peptides, and biological macromolecules via several routes of administration. (rroij.com)
  • It gives a full rundown of the current NP-based vaccines, their potential as adjuvants, and the ways they can be delivered to cells. (researchgate.net)
  • Using a parallel artificial membrane permeability assay, it was found that RMG8-8 is likely unable to penetrate the blood brain barrier. (mtsu.edu)
  • However, RMG9-11 demonstrated good permeability, indicating that it may be able to penetrate the blood brain barrier to treat dangerous neurological infections of fungi. (mtsu.edu)
  • Regulation of arteriovenous specification and differentiation in both endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells are also involved in Notch signaling including regulation of blood vessel sprouting, branching during normal and pathological angiogenesis, and the physiological responses of vascular smooth muscle cells ( 4 , 6 , 7 , 21 - 23 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • This report is the first thee of a system of interconnecting vesicles and vacuoles termed vesiculo-vacuolar organelles (VVOs) that are prominent in both tumor-associated and con- trol vessel endothelial cells and provide the primary pathway for macro- molecular optioons. (banglaforexacademy.com)
  • In endothelium, Delta-like ligand 4 (DLL4) is one of main ligands to send a signal to Notch in the adjacent cell ( 4 , 6 ) ( Figure 1A ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Efforts have been made to increase drug carrier targeting efficiency by attaching cell receptor-targeted ligands to the particle surface [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • He is lecturing Molecular Cell Biology, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering subjects to the 1st and 2nd cycles of Biomedical Sciences, Biochemistry, Bioengineering, Biotechnology as well as to the Pharmaceutical Sciences MSc. (cienciavitae.pt)
  • Nanosized structures and devices are smaller than human cells which are around 10,000 nm in diameter and similar in size to biomolecules such as enzymes, proteins (hemoglobin is 5 nm in diameter). (trialx.com)
  • Drug targeting is important in chemotherapy, a drug delivery system should target only the cancer cells while shielding the healthy cells from the drug. (trialx.com)
  • 29 the cancer cells. (hifsignaling.com)
  • Nanomaterials for targeted drug delivery to cancer stem cells. (docksci.com)
  • Recent developments in cancer biology have identified the existence of a sub-poplulation of cells - cancer stem cells (CSC) that are resistant to most traditional therapies (e.g. chemotherapy and radiotherapy) and have the ability to repair their damaged DNA. (docksci.com)
  • 16: 5437-5449, Development of AE147 Peptide-Conjugated Nanocarriers for Targeting uPAR-Overexpressing Cancer Cells. (bioimagingsystem.com)
  • Deshpande N, Ramesh A, Nandi D, Nguyen A, Brouillard A, Kulkarni A. Supramolecular Polysaccharide Nanotheranostics that Inhibit Cancer Cells Growth and Monitor Targeted Therapy Response. (ntno.org)
  • The efficacy of SPNs in inducing cancer cell death by inhibition of kinase signaling and imaging the response was evaluated in murine BRAFV 600E melanoma (D4M) and triple-negative breast cancer (4T1) cell lines. (ntno.org)
  • In vitro imaging studies confirmed their enzyme-activatable therapy response tracking abilities both in cancer cells and tumor spheroids. (ntno.org)
  • The significance of specific targeting towards cancer cells is debated as well. (oaepublish.com)
  • In addition, many classical chemotherapeutic anti-cancer agents kill cancer cells by directly damaging their DNA, which produces high toxicity due to its non-specificity [ 3 ] . (oaepublish.com)
  • Cancer cells are masters in finding a way to resist the treatment designed to kill them. (oaepublish.com)
  • In cultured primary fibroblasts and cancer cells, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin causes mtDNA damage and release, which leads to cGAS STING dependent ISG activation. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • By actively targeting nanoscale drug delivery systems it is possible to minimize the uptake of anticancer agent by normal cells thus minimizing the side effects of therapy. (trialx.com)
  • Different nanoparticle properties as well as cell type, interaction with other cells and cellular environments also show significant effect on nanoparticle uptake and drug efficacy. (preprints.org)
  • The cellular uptake of C-GONs by A549 cells in the absence of shear stress revealed that the mean fluorescence intensity was slightly decreased compared to that in the presence of shear stress. (preprints.org)
  • The cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, ratios of oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide to its reduced form (NAD + /NADH), apoptosis assays, and cellular uptake of E/PCF-NPs were determined on 4T1 cells. (dovepress.com)
  • Notch receptors are processed in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus within the signal-receiving cell, through cleavage and glycosylation, generating a Ca 2+ -stabilized heterodimer composed of NECD non-covalently attached to the transmembrane NICD inserted in the membrane called S1 cleavage. (frontiersin.org)
  • Particular importance here is the biological applications of Pt NCs such as the bioimaging of various cells as a preferred fluorophore in contrast to traditional fluorescent markers (e.g., organic dye, semiconductor quantum dots, and fluorescent proteins), the usage of Pt NCs-based antitumour drugs as a new class chemotherapeutics for malignant tumour therapy, and the utilization of antibacteria as an alternative of Ag-based antibacterial agent. (hindawi.com)
  • however, the study of ultrafine Pt NCs is at the beginning stage and there are still plenty of challenges like synthesis of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent Pt NCs, the explicit signal pathway of cell apoptosis, and attempt in diverse biological applications that need to be urgently tackled in future. (hindawi.com)
  • In contrast, near-infrared (NIR) light (650-950 nm) displays negligible phototoxicity and can penetrate more deeply into biological tissues (1-3.5 mm) [ 37 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chemical modification of peptides and proteins, such as PEGylation and lipidation, creates conjugates with new properties. (bvsalud.org)
  • Treatment with E/PCF-NPs under irradiation induced 4T1 cell apoptosis in approximately 93.6% cells. (dovepress.com)
  • The long-circulating and higher tumor accumulation of E/PCF-NPs resulted in complete ablation of breast tumor tissue through the enhanced photothermal effect by NIR laser irradiation-mediated cell apoptosis. (dovepress.com)
  • Using a genome-wide screening approach, we set to identify genes involved in dsRNA entry, sensing, and apoptosis induction in human cells. (cnrs.fr)
  • Time-lapse videography of living cells captures spectacular intracellular mitochondrial movement, and this movement promotes mitochondrial connections to form a dynamic mitochondrial network [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition to intracellular mitochondrial movement, intercellular mitochondrial transfer between mammalian cells has recently been discovered. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Intercellular mitochondrial transfer can be regarded as an extension of intracellular mitochondrial movement or intercellular communication, which undoubtedly increases the mtDNA content of the recipient cells and restores the respiration and survival of the recipient cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Even after arriving at their sites of action, prior to the release of their cargo and clearance, NPs must effectively penetrate through the cell membrane and navigate intracellular compartment networks to get to their subcellular mark. (biomedcentral.com)
  • With appropriate cytosolic delivery systems, Morpholinos are effective in cell culture. (wikipedia.org)
  • Vivo-Morpholinos, in which the oligo is covalently linked to a delivery dendrimer, enter cells when administered systemically in adult animals or in tissue cultures. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two basic delivery approaches including physical delivery to achieve higher levels of antigen production and formulation with microparticles to target antigen-presenting cells (APCs) have demonstrated to be effective in animal models. (scienceopen.com)
  • Nanoscale drug delivery systems have ability to cross cell membranes, thus drug can be delivered to specific organelles inside the cell. (trialx.com)
  • 22 have a relatively low stability and delivery efficacy compared to polyethyleneimine (PEI),dendrimer, and liposome. (hifsignaling.com)
  • Nanovaccines can improve antigen presentation, targeted delivery, stimulation of the body's innate immune system, and a strong T-cell response without putting people at risk. (researchgate.net)
  • Successful, non-invasive delivery of biodegradable and non-toxic combination therapies that can target existing cancerous cells and prevent the development of new tumors all in one dose is ideal for clinical treatment. (ntno.org)
  • Notch signaling is highly conserved cell signaling pathway, which is involved in diverse embryonic organs or tissue development as well as regeneration ( 1 - 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • 5. Reprogramming the rapid clearance of thrombolytics by nanoparticle encapsulation and anchoring to circulating red blood cells, J. Controlled Release, 2020, Text . (creativepegworks.com)
  • Treatment with a single dose of CPC-IGF-1 effectively suppressed IL-1α-induced GAG loss and nitrite release and rescued cell metabolism and viability throughout the 16-day culture period, while free IGF at the equivalent dose was not effective. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Vivo-Morpholinos and PPMO are modified forms of Morpholinos with chemical groups covalently attached to facilitate entry into cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Toward this end, rapid advances have recently been made in our understanding of mechanisms for DNA stability and transport within cells. (scienceopen.com)
  • Of note, the TME is rich in immunosuppressive cells (e.g., tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), immature dendritic cells (iDCs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs)), that can suppress antitumor immunity as a result of secretion of various cytokines and chemokines, which enables tumor escape from immune surveillance [ 8 ]. (thno.org)
  • In the case of protein-coding genes, this usually leads to a reduction in the quantity of the corresponding protein in the cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this study, we employed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function screen based on cell survival in order to identify genes implicated in the host response to dsRNA. (cnrs.fr)
  • CPC-IGF-1 rapidly penetrated through the full thickness of cartilage creating a drug depot owing to electrostatic interactions with negatively charged aggrecan-glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, most of the administered drug is rapidly cleared out through the lymphatics and synovium vasculature preventing them from reaching their cell and matrix target sites in cartilage [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Based on these findings, the researchers proposed the bold idea of directly transplanting entire mitochondria, rather than drugs or whole cells, into lesions to explore the rescue effects of exogenous mitochondria. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, mtDNA stress in TFAM-deficient mouse melanoma cells produces tumours that are more resistant to doxorubicin in vivo. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Most of them generally follow the same pathway to make immune-activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) abundantly infiltrate into tumor tissues and destroy tumor cells [ 6 ]. (thno.org)
  • Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Techniques for targeting Morpholinos to RNAs and delivering Morpholinos into cells have recently been reviewed in a journal article and in book form. (wikipedia.org)
  • Notch signaling regulates cell-fate determination during activation by signal sending and receiving, affected through ligand-receptor crosstalk. (frontiersin.org)
  • Thousands of copies of the circular mtDNA are present in most cell types that are packaged by TFAM into higher-order structures called nucleoids1. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • We discovered some years ago that we could coax bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to do all sorts of marvelous things. (barefacedtruth.com)
  • In the field of stem cells, cumulative evidence has shown that mitochondrial transfer contributes to stem cell-triggered repair of damaged cells [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Lineage Reprogramming of Fibroblasts into Proliferative Induced Cardiac Progenitor Cells by Defined Factors. (mtsu.edu)
  • Interaction of a Patterned Amphiphilic Polyphenylene Dendrimer with a Lipid Mono layer: Electrostatic Interactions Dominate. (mpg.de)
  • Compared to chemotherapy or photothermal treatment alone, the combined treatment in vitro significantly inhibited the survival rate of 4T1 cells to 17.7%, induced ROS generation, and reduced NAD + /NADH significantly. (dovepress.com)
  • Interestingly, we uncovered a novel role for COG4, a component of the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex, as a factor involved in cell survival to both dsRNA and SINV in human cells. (cnrs.fr)
  • We showed that COG4 knockout led to a decrease of extracellular HS that specifically affected dsRNA transfection efficiency and reduced viral production, which explains the increased cell survival of these mutants.IMPORTANCE When facing a viral infection, the organism has to put in place a number of defense mechanisms in order to clear the pathogen from the cell. (cnrs.fr)
  • Gene knockdown is achieved by reducing the expression of a particular gene in a cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Replacement of anionic phosphates with the uncharged phosphorodiamidate groups eliminates ionization in the usual physiological pH range, so Morpholinos in organisms or cells are uncharged molecules. (wikipedia.org)
  • They communicate via cytokines (biosignaling molecules), to each other and to nearby cells. (barefacedtruth.com)
  • 2021 Sep 14;10(9):2420, PTX-3 Secreted by Intra-Articular-Injected SMUP-Cells Reduces Pain in an Osteoarthritis Rat Model. (bioimagingsystem.com)
  • In addition, we coupled OGA to model peptides. (bvsalud.org)
  • Synthetic dsRNA is also able to mimic viral-induced activation of innate immune response and cell death. (cnrs.fr)
  • By challenging HCT116 human cells with either synthetic dsRNA or Sindbis virus (SINV), we identified the heparan sulfate (HS) pathway as a crucial factor for dsRNA entry, and we validated SINV dependency on HS. (cnrs.fr)
  • Delivering exogenous genetic materials encoding Notch into cells can reestablish downstream signaling and rescue cellular functions. (frontiersin.org)
  • specifically in the body affecting both normal and tumoral cells. (dokumen.tips)
  • His background includes research (physiology, cell biology, neurophysiology), clinical practice (nutrition, diabetes & regenerative medicine), and was formerly Medical Director for Johnson & Johnson. (barefacedtruth.com)