Cell mediated immune. Medical search. Frequent questions

Collectively, our results suggest that RUNX3-mediated CCL5 repression is critical for modulating anti-tumor immunity. (nature.com)
As of early 2016, there are three families belonging to the MACPF superfamily: 1.C.12 - The Thiol-activated Cholesterol-dependent Cytolysin (CDC) Family 1.C.39 - The Membrane Attack Complex/Perforin (MACPF) Family 1.C.97 - The Pleurotolysin Pore-forming (Pleurotolysin) Family Proteins containing MACPF domains play key roles in vertebrate immunity, embryonic development, and neural-cell migration. (wikipedia.org)
GSEA data showed that the age-dependent increase in viral replication was independent of type I and III IFN signaling but correlated with IFN-γ production, natural killer (NK) cell-mediated immunity, and immune cell activation. (news-medical.net)
Patients with TB cause impaired cell-mediated immunity and were admitted and the other 2 groups were compromise neutrophil functions [5]. (who.int)
The study was conducted under the di- the cell-mediated immunity plays a major rect observation of the ethical committee role in the disease. (who.int)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection results from 1 of 2 similar retroviruses (HIV-1 and HIV-2) that destroy CD4+ lymphocytes and impair cell-mediated immunity, increasing risk of certain infections and cancers. (msdmanuals.com)
These infections are not necessarily associated with immunocompromised host states, but dissemination from these sites of inoculation is more likely in immunocompromised hosts, particularly those with impaired cell-mediated immunity. (medscape.com)
T-cell-mediated immunity is the principal protective immune response to nocardiosis. (medscape.com)
[ 3 ] Therefore, nocardiosis is most problematic in individuals with impaired T-cell-mediated immunity. (medscape.com)

Secondary immunodeficiency is acquired and is defined by loss or qualitative deficiency in cellular or humoral immune components that occurs as a result of a disease process or its therapy. (cdc.gov)
In Drosophila , the humoral immune response is characterized by the rapid induction of a battery of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). (biomedcentral.com)

CCL5 is a unique chemokine with distinct stage and cell-type specificities for regulating inflammation, but how these specificities are achieved and how CCL5 modulates immune responses is not well understood. (nature.com)
Therefore, host CCL5 can obviously work as an anticancer molecule to mount relevant immune responses against some cancer cells. (nature.com)
Immune responses play an important part in maintaining homeostasis and normal physiological functions. (frontiersin.org)
Since the discovery of CD4+CD25+ tTreg 32 years ago, it is now well established that tTreg plays an essential role in homeostasis, particularly in protecting the host from self-destructive, over-aggressive immune response and in other immune responses such as organ graft outcome and graft versus host disease. (frontiersin.org)
We have shown that mast cell proteases and histamine induce endothelial inflammatory responses that are synergistically amplified by bacterial toxins . (bvsalud.org)
The Drosophila renal system is an important contributor to host defense and can modulate immune responses in an organ autonomous manner, responding to environmental changes such as desiccation. (biomedcentral.com)
This review paper will 1) present an overview of human physiological responses to cold exposure, 2) present the human studies examining the effects of cold exposure on immune responses, and 3) summarize recent experiments from our laboratories examining the effects of exercise and fatigue on immune responses during subsequent cold exposure. (researchgate.net)
The QuantiFERON®-TB Gold Plus assay tests for Cell Mediated Immune (CMI) responses to peptide antigens that simulate mycobacterial proteins. (cdc.gov)
These cells can participate in inflammatory responses by releasing mediators that attract or activate other cells, contributing to the pathogenesis of allergic and non-allergic diseases. (mdpi.com)
In this manuscript, we report the in vitro mutagenicity of waterpipe smoke condensate (WSC), the alteration in cellular parameters of lung alveolar cells in response to WSC exposure and discuss the implication of cellular responses in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (who.int)
Understanding the immune suppression in breast cancer patients may lead to insights into treatment responses, resistance mechanisms and novel treatment modalities aimed to hinder this phenomenon which would eventually encumber the devastating progression of breast cancer metastasis. (lu.se)

Ecological immunology - design, develop methods to investigate cellular immune response of leaf beetles, across Sweden, towards parasitoid wasps. (nottingham.ac.uk)

First and forefront, mast cells are well recognized for their multifaceted functions in allergic diseases . (bvsalud.org)

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are synthetic proteins expressed on the surface of T cells. (medscape.com)
Additionally, Mast cells express a wide range of surface and cytoplasmic receptors which enable them to respond to a variety of cytokines , chemicals , and pathogens. (bvsalud.org)
Endocannabinoids contribute to insulin resistance through activation of peripheral CB 1 receptors (CB 1 Rs) and also promote beta cell failure. (nature.com)
Other pain disorders, like complex regional pain disorder, have been associated with IgGs against β2-adrenergic receptor, muscarinic-2 receptors, AChR-nicotinic ganglionic α-3 receptors and calcium channels (N and P/Q types), but less consistently with immune treatment response. (ox.ac.uk)
These experiments suggest that effects of androgens on developing B cells are mediated through androgen receptors in bone marrow stromal cells. (jci.org)
Cell type-specific super-resolution imaging reveals an increase in calcium-permeable AMPA receptors at spinal peptidergic terminals as an anatomical correlate of inflammatory pain: PAIN Pain. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins) are single-pass cell surface receptors that have inhibitory activities on immune cells. (mdpi.com)

Some examples of immune-mediated diseases are autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Systemic Lupus, Type 1 Diabetes, Rheumatoid arthritis, Allergies, and cancer. (frontiersin.org)
Pain and the immune system: emerging concepts of IgG-mediated autoimmune pain and immunotherapies. (ox.ac.uk)
Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and other cellular therapy in multiple sclerosis and immune-mediated neurological diseases: updated guidelines and recommendations from the EBMT Autoimmune Diseases Working Party (ADWP) and the Joint Accreditation Committee of EBMT and ISCT (JACIE). (ox.ac.uk)
Dr. Matthias von Herrath is committed to clinical translation of immune-based interventions in autoimmune and metabolic diseases, the latter in particular being an exciting emerging field. (selectbiosciences.com)
Autoimmune disorders, which occur when the immune system malfunctions and attacks the body's own tissues and organs, can also occur. (medlineplus.gov)

Lichen planus associated with neoplasia: A cell-mediated immune response to tumor antigens? (psu.edu)
T2 - A cell-mediated immune response to tumor antigens? (psu.edu)
When these markers cause an immune response, they are called antigens . (scienceaid.net)
Another theory sug- perature, blood pressure, and noting signs gests that circulating immune complexes of liver cell failure such as pallor, jaundice, composed of HCV antigens and antibodies palmar erythema, fetor hepaticus and flap- deposit in tissues and initiate an inflamma- ping tremor. (who.int)
Abdominal examination was are local formation of immune complexes done to detect cases of enlarged liver or induced by viral antigens, or a local tissue spleen and presence of ascites as complica- inflammation induced by autoantibodies tions of liver cirrhosis. (who.int)

B and T lymphocytes, CD4+ B lymphocytes versus CD8+ T lymphocytes), and tests that measure T-cell proliferation or function in response to specific or nonspecific stimuli (e.g., lymphocyte proliferation assays) ( 4,5 ). (cdc.gov)
Although not a disease in itself, BeS, the innate immune response to beryllium identified by an abnormal beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test result, is a population-based predictor of CBD. (cdc.gov)
We hypothesized that, in CBD, failure of IL-10 to modulate the beryllium-specific, cell-mediated immune response would result in persistent, maximal cytokine production and T lymphocyte proliferation, thus contributing to the development of granulomatous lung disease. (cdc.gov)
bronchoalveolar lavage cells from control and CBD subjects to evaluate the beryllium salt-specific production of endogenous IL-10 and the effects of exogenous human rIL-10 (rhIL-10) on HLA expression, on the production of IL-2, IFN- , and TNF- , and on T lymphocyte proliferation. (cdc.gov)
Our data demonstrate that beryllium-stimulated bronchoalveolar lavage cells produce IL-10, and the neutralization of endogenous IL-10 does not increase significantly cytokine production, HLA expression, or T lymphocyte pro- liferation. (cdc.gov)

In addition to its roles in the regulation of inflammatory diseases and the maintenance of local immune cells, CCL5 expressed by cancer cells plays diverse roles in shaping cancer microenvironments toward their own survival. (nature.com)
Our findings furthermore point towards the contribution of Snail to an inflammatory tumor microenvironment, which is in line with our previous report of the Snail-mediated recruitment of pro-tumorigenic neutrophils to the lung tumors. (oncotarget.com)
HMGB1 is released by necrotic keratinocytes and is required for the recruitment of inflammatory cells and for the initiation of inflammation. (unimi.it)
Mast cells are important components of the immune system , and they perform pro-inflammatory as well as anti-inflammatory roles in the complex process of immune regulation in health and disease . (bvsalud.org)
Mast cell interactions with different immune and nonimmune cells through secreted inflammatory mediators may also turn in favor of disease promoting agents. (bvsalud.org)
Despite the mixed findings for use of MSCs in the treatment of GVHD, trials reviewed for other immune/inflammation-mediated diseases, including MS, inflammatory bowel disease, OA, RA, and inflammatory airway and pulmonary diseases demonstrated positive results pertaining to the safety of MSC therapy when used in this application. (stemedix.com)
The immune system has long been recognised important in pain regulation through inflammatory cytokine modulation of peripheral nociceptive fibres. (ox.ac.uk)
aHSCT may have a potential role in the treatment of the progressive forms of MS with a significant inflammatory component and other immune-mediated neurological diseases, including chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, neuromyelitis optica, myasthenia gravis and stiff person syndrome. (ox.ac.uk)
No studies have assessed acute PBC exposure on peripheral blood mononuclear cell mobilisation or compared these with cold water immersion (CWI), which may inform how PBC impacts inflammatory processes. (researchgate.net)
Neutrophils isolated from the cancer-induced inflammatory microenvironment contain β-endorphin protein and are identified by the Ly6G + immune marker. (frontiersin.org)
Anti-Siglec-8 antibody administration in vivo to humanized and transgenic mice selectively expressing Siglec-8 on mouse eosinophils and mast cells confirmed the in vitro findings, and identified additional anti-inflammatory effects. (mdpi.com)

Therefore, it might be safe to say that host CCL5 plays important roles in controlling cancer development but might create either pro- or anticancer environments according to the given situation, such as the type of cells that produce CCL5 and the type of cancers. (nature.com)
With the demonstration of heterogeneity within the Treg pool coming into focus, several Treg types including activated Treg may have different roles in immune-mediated disease. (frontiersin.org)
This enzyme is found predominantly in immune system cells and is critical for the cells' roles in preventing infection by recognizing and attacking foreign invaders, such as bacteria and viruses. (medlineplus.gov)

Next, flow cytometry analyzed intrahepatic and peripheral populations of CD8 T cells in depth. (news-medical.net)
CD8 T cells in peripheral blood also expressed CD38. (news-medical.net)
A 3.4-fold enrichment of SARS-CoV-2 S-specific CD8 T lymphocytes was noted in the intrahepatic CD8 T cell population compared to peripheral blood. (news-medical.net)
Moreover, S-specific CD8 T lymphocytes were 10.2-fold more abundant in the peripheral blood than T lymphocytes specific for an Epstein-Barr virus-specific T cell control epitope. (news-medical.net)
The team's findings demonstrate that the peripheral immune system plays an essential role in repairing damage within the brain lining following mTBI and that secondary injuries encountered too soon after the primary injury can adversely affect the regenerative program. (nih.gov)
This trial examined the impact of a single PBC exposure on circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells compared to CWI or a control. (researchgate.net)

Reciprocal communication between mast cells and endothelial cells in the presence of bacterial toxins in chronic/sub-clinical infections induce persistent vascular inflammation . (bvsalud.org)
Mast cells have been shown to exacerbate vascular changes in normal states as well as in chronic or subclinical infections , particularly among cigarette smokers . (bvsalud.org)
Figure 2: The effect of chronic JD5037 treatment on beta cell survival and function in ZDF rats. (nature.com)
Chronic lymphoid leukaemia and hairy cell leukaemia due to chronic exposure to benzene: Report of three cases. (cdc.gov)
We then evaluated the efficacy of chronic rG-CSF administration to attenuate oral cancer-induced nociception using a tongue xenograft cancer model with the HSC-3 human oral cancer cell line. (frontiersin.org)

Further, the team found infiltrates of T and B lymphocytes, macrophages, granulocytes, and plasma cells in the liver. (news-medical.net)
The cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) T lymphocytes was the most abundant among immune cells, a condition unanticipated for AIH. (news-medical.net)
While B and plasma cells were enriched predominantly in the periportal regions, a panlobular distribution was noted for CD8 T lymphocytes. (news-medical.net)
Recent studies using neutralizing anti-CCL5 antibodies have suggested that the constitutive expression of CCL5 plays a regulatory role in maintaining tissue-resident memory (Trm) T cells in the human vaginal tract 9 and mouse skin 10 , suggesting that constitutive CCL5 expression in noninflamed conditions, hereafter referred to as homeostatic CCL5 expression, might be important for homeostasis of tissue-resident lymphocytes. (nature.com)
It could be reproduced in primary splenocytes upon ex vivo culture with conditioned medium from Snail-expressing cancer cell lines, which suggests that a Snail-induced soluble factor secreted by the cancer cells mediates the Dlk1-Dio3 locus repression in immune cells, particularly in lymphocytes. (oncotarget.com)
In approved products, a patient's own T lymphocytes are collected by apheresis and transduced with a gene that encodes for a CAR to direct the T cells against cancer cells. (medscape.com)
A type of T cell called killer T lymphocytes bind to the pathogen and produce cytotoxin that destroys cells. (scienceaid.net)
Our results found that PBC stimulated a greater change in numbers of CD16 + NK cells and CD8 + T cells in comparison to CWI, suggesting a larger catecholamine response after PBC could result in a morepronounced mobilisation of lymphocytes than CWI. (researchgate.net)
An increase in circulating leukocyte subsets such as CD8⁺ T cells and CD56loCD16⁺ natural killer cells suggests that PBC may induce a transient mobilisation of lymphocytes. (researchgate.net)
Lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system can eradicate tumor cells. (lu.se)

In the present study, we used a transcriptomics approach to elucidate the mechanism of Snail-mediated tumor growth promotion in a Kras LSL-G12D/+ ;p53 fl/fl mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma. (oncotarget.com)
The immunosuppressive effect of tTreg, their mechanism of action and therapeutic effects have been extensively studied in many immune-mediated diseases including autoimmunity, GVHD, tumour therapy, and allergy. (frontiersin.org)
The objective of this research topic is to provide a comprehensive collection of research papers dealing with the role of T regulatory cells in immune-mediated diseases, their mechanism of action, and their therapeutic potential in these diseases. (frontiersin.org)
We hypothesize that a neutrophil-mediated endogenous analgesic mechanism is responsible for sex differences in nociception secondary to oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). (frontiersin.org)

The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
The mast cell 's role as a cellular interface between external and internal environments as well as between vasculature and tissues is critical for protection and repair. (bvsalud.org)
PBC may thus enable a more efficient trafficking of these cells from the circulation to the site of initial cellular insult from exercise, potentially accelerating the process of cellular recovery. (researchgate.net)
In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling , cellular differentiation , and cell death , as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth . (wikipedia.org)
[20] This finding has led to general acceptance of the endosymbiotic hypothesis - that free-living prokaryotic ancestors of modern mitochondria permanently fused with eukaryotic cells in the distant past, evolving such that modern animals, plants, fungi, and other eukaryotes are able to respire to generate cellular energy . (wikipedia.org)
However, WSC induced cell cycle arrest and cellular senescence mediated by the p53-p21 pathway. (who.int)

They provide a danger signal to the mammalian immune system that triggers a protective immune response characterized by the production of Th1 and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. (fda.gov)

Abnormal activity of immune cells either over reactivity leading to the destruction of tissues or excessive inflammation or underactivity leading to failure of recognising and fighting danger signals leading to immune-mediated diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treatment towards immune- and inflammation-mediated diseases: review of current clinical trials. (stemedix.com)
However, since that time, MSCs have demonstrated tremendous potential for allogeneic use in a number of applications, including cell replacement, and tissue regeneration, and for use in the therapeutic treatment of immune- and inflammation-mediated diseases. (stemedix.com)
Interestingly, nearly half of these trials involve attempts to better understand the use of MSCs in treating immune- and inflammation-mediated diseases - an indication of the recent shift in focus when determining effective therapeutic applications of MSCs. (stemedix.com)
found that the most common immune-/inflammation-mediated indications in MSC clinical trials were for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), osteoarthritis (OA), obstructive airway disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), and solid organ transplant rejection. (stemedix.com)
Despite these recommendations, the authors conclude that the current results and developments of these clinical trials demonstrate that the tremendous potential of MSC therapy in a wide range of areas, including the treatment of immune/inflammation-mediated diseases, can be expected in the near future to achieve clinical relevance. (stemedix.com)
Other discovered IgGs heighten pain indirectly by T-cell-mediated inflammation or destruction of targets within the nociceptive pathways. (ox.ac.uk)
We also assessed the effect of WSC on the expression of genes involved in cell cycle arrest and inflammation. (who.int)

Given the central role PGRP-LC plays in sensing systemic bacterial infections, steroid hormone regulation provides a significant degree of modulation on the ability of cells or animals to respond to bacterial infection. (biomedcentral.com)

This comprises translation from various animal models to human interventions, optimization of immunotherapies and their relative ranking, assessment of combination therapies, development of biomarkers as primary or secondary outcomes, induction of antigen specific tolerance in autoimmunity, regulatory cells and clinical T cell assays. (selectbiosciences.com)

Original research articles and review papers that increase our understanding of the role of this cell population in immune-mediated diseases are welcome. (frontiersin.org)
These updated EBMT guidelines review the clinical evidence, registry activity and mechanisms of action of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in multiple sclerosis (MS) and other immune-mediated neurological diseases and provide recommendations for patient selection, transplant technique, follow-up and future development. (ox.ac.uk)
Other experimental cell therapies are developmental for these diseases and patients should only be treated on clinical trials. (ox.ac.uk)

Once implanted at the apex, Mtb must engage the host immune response to drive matrix destruction, resulting in cavities within which it proliferates exponentially. (ersjournals.com)
Similarly, destruction of neonatally abundant pluripotent stem cells would likely have a more pervasive outcome than destruction of The value of incorporating immunologic appeared more severe and/or persistent when single lineages or differentiated cells that pre- data for the toxicologic assessment of drugs, the exposure occurred perinatally when com- dominate in adults. (cdc.gov)

This process is carried out by a number of different white blood cells, the most common being the neutrophils and macrophages . (scienceaid.net)
Oral cancer cells secrete granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), a growth factor that recruits neutrophils from bone marrow to the cancer microenvironment. (frontiersin.org)

Small hair-like projections on the epithelial cells in the various parts of the body. (scienceaid.net)

to a reduced number of circulating T-cells and reduced tuberculin reactivity, at least in animals [6]. (who.int)

From these data, we conclude that neutrophil-mediated endogenous opioids warrant further investigation as a potential strategy for oral cancer pain treatment. (frontiersin.org)

Spatial analysis of liver parenchyma for different subsets of immune cells revealed more extensive immune infiltration in the periportal areas. (news-medical.net)
Prior to MKTP, T-cell subsets and chemokines. (umassmed.edu)
By studying an animal model of mTBI, the investigators further showed that different subsets of blood-derived immune cells called monocytes are required for cleanup of dead cells and to promote the regrowth of injured blood vessels. (nih.gov)

It is produced by Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) a variety of cells, including monocytes and accounts for 90% of nephrosis in child- mesangial cells in the kidney [ 9 ]. (who.int)

The Dlk1-Dio3 locus repression mediated by Snail was found to occur specifically in several populations of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. (oncotarget.com)

Although the recognition of CpG DNA by B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells is mediated by TLR 9, these cell types differ in their ability to bind and respond to structurally distinct classes of CpG oligonucleotides. (fda.gov)

Its function is implicated in a receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathway that specifies differentiation and terminal cell fate. (wikipedia.org)

The plant protein CAD1 (TC# 1.C.39.11.3) functions in the plant immune response to bacterial infection. (wikipedia.org)
Although most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus , the mitochondrion has its own genome ("mitogenome") that is substantially similar to bacterial genomes. (wikipedia.org)

Mast cell-mediated immune regulation in health and disease. (bvsalud.org)
Here, we outline how the immune system contributes to development and regulation of pain, review specific IgG-mediated pain disorders and summarise recent development in therapy approaches. (ox.ac.uk)
Here, we use a murine model in which the E7 protein of HPV16 is expressed as a transgene in epithelium to show that mast cells are recruited to the basal layer of E7-expressing epithelium, and that this recruitment is dependent on the epithelial hyperproliferation induced by E7 by inactivating Rb dependent cell cycle regulation. (figshare.com)

Objective To study the clinical, electrophysiological and pathological characteristics and outcome of immune-mediated neuropathy (IMN) following stem cell transplantation (SCT). (bmj.com)
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) are the non-hematopoietic, multipotent stem cells with the capacity to differentiate into mesodermal lineages such as osteocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes as well ectodermal (neurocytes) and endodermal lineages (hepatocytes). (stemedix.com)
Until recently, when the immunomodulation properties of MSCs were proven to be clinically relevant, the use of these stem cells was met with skepticism and doubt by a large portion of the scientific community. (stemedix.com)
focus on this non-traditional clinical use of tissue-specific stem cells and highlight important findings and trends in this exciting area of stem cell therapy. (stemedix.com)
They are made from stem cells in the bone marrow (soft tissue in bones). (scienceaid.net)
To study is testing a study drug (fostamatinib) in people who have cytopenia after a blood stem cell transplant. (nih.gov)
Systemic transplantation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) is used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like disorders in MRL/lpr mice. (elsevierpure.com)
Subsequently, recipient bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) isolated from SHED-EV-administered MRL/lpr mice were examined for the in vitro and in vivo activity of hematopoietic niche formation and immunoregulation. (elsevierpure.com)
Live Simultaneous Monitoring of Mineral Deposition and Lipid Accumulation in Differentiating Stem Cells. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Cytometric analysis determined that CD8⁺ T-cell populations were significantly elevated after treatments, with PBC increasing CD8⁺ T cells to a greater degree than either CWI or CON. (researchgate.net)

Clinical trials involving MSCs, and specifically HSCs, in GVHD have indicated that while there may be indications of immunosuppressant therapy, immune rejection in the form of GVHD is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality, occurring in 30 ~ 40 % of allogeneic HSC transplantations. (stemedix.com)

Here we show that beta cell failure in adult ZDF rats is not associated with CB 1 R signaling in beta cells, but rather in M1 macrophages infiltrating into pancreatic islets, and that this leads to activation of the Nlrp3-ASC inflammasome in the macrophages. (nature.com)
moreover, the exposure of peritoneal macrophages (in vitro) to temperatures of 4, 10, 24, and 37°C for 1 hour suggested a close inverse association between incubation temperature and the number of cells capable of phagocytosis. (researchgate.net)
The centre of the tuberculous granuloma may undergo caseous necrosis surrounded by activated macrophages, T-cells and fibroblasts. (ersjournals.com)

To study the mechanisms behind how the innate immune system in late stage cancer patients is suppressed, with consequences and how to restore it. (lu.se)
For this they need to be activated by cells of the innate immune system. (lu.se)
All these mechanisms are mediated by innate immune cells. (lu.se)

We discovered that Snail mediated the downregulation of the imprinted Dlk1-Dio3 locus, a complex genomic region containing protein-coding genes and non-coding RNAs that has been linked to tumor malignancy in lung cancer patients. (oncotarget.com)

It is thought that when the skin is cooled, the PLCγ2 enzyme is turned on, and the abnormal activity triggers an immune reaction, resulting in hives and skin rashes. (medlineplus.gov)

A soluble inhibitor of tumor cell growth was produced in the rMuTNF-treated PC cultures, but there was no synergistic enhancement of production of this inhibitor by the addition of rMuIFN-γ. (johnshopkins.edu)
These results indicate that the antitumor activity of rMuTNF + rMuIFN-γ in PC from tumor-dormant mice involves both cell- and soluble factor-mediated mechanisms. (johnshopkins.edu)

Bender BS , Croghan T , Zhang L , Small PA Jr . Transgenic mice lacking class I major histocompatibility complex-restricted T cells have delayed viral clearance and increased mortality after influenza virus challenge. (cdc.gov)
A timely response limited viral titers in the lungs, mediated rapid viral clearance, and efficiently prevented progression to severe disease. (news-medical.net)

The intracellular domains ensure intracellular signaling necessary to activate the effector functions of the CAR T cell. (medscape.com)
Because of their strategic perivascular localization , sensitivity and adaptability to the microenvironment, and ability to release a variety of preformed and newly synthesized effector molecules, mast cells perform unique functions in almost all organs. (bvsalud.org)
Naive, effector, and memory CD8 T cells in protection against pulmonary influenza virus infection: homing properties rather than initial frequencies are crucial. (cdc.gov)
We next investigated the immunophenotype and effector functions of NK cells in a subset of these children using flow cytometry. (ox.ac.uk)

Notably, cytotoxic CD8 T cells (characterized by granzyme B) were highly accumulated, while the levels of other granzyme B-expressing cells remained unchanged. (news-medical.net)
Deletion of the proximal enhancer decreases CCL5 expression and augments the cytotoxic activity of tissue-resident T and NK cells, which coincides with reduced melanoma metastasis in mouse models. (nature.com)
Influenza nucleoprotein-specific cytotoxic T-cell clones are protective in vivo. (cdc.gov)
Moskophidis D , Kioussis D . Contribution of virus-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells to virus clearance or pathologic manifestations of influenza virus infection in a T cell receptor transgenic mouse model. (cdc.gov)
Nevertheless, CD38 expression on CD8 T cells specific for SARS-CoV-2 S protein and other cytotoxic markers were elevated when a relapse occurred during budesonide treatment but normalized after treatment with systemic immunosuppressants. (alecomm.com)
Perforin is released by cytotoxic T cells and lyses virally infected and transformed cells. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, perforin permits delivery of cytotoxic proteases called granzymes that cause cell death. (wikipedia.org)
Perforin is stored in granules within cytotoxic T-cells and is responsible for killing virally infected and transformed cells. (wikipedia.org)
Secondly, perforin permits delivery of the cytotoxic granzymes A and B into target cells. (wikipedia.org)
However, in the absence of L5178Y cells, rMuTNF + rMuIFN-γ induced antitumor cytotoxic activity in the plastic-adherent but not in the plastic nonadherent PC. (johnshopkins.edu)
Natural killer cell counts were also elevated after PBC, with the increase attributed specifically to the CD56loCD16⁺ cytotoxic subset. (researchgate.net)

The expression of TLR4 on both bone marrow-derived and radioresistant cells is necessary for carcinogenesis. (unimi.it)
TLR4-mediated skin carcinogenesis is dependent on immune and radioresistant cells / D. Mittal, F. Saccheri, E. Vénéreau, T. Pusterla, M.E. Bianchi, M. Rescigno. (unimi.it)

Autoantibodies attach to normal proteins and can trigger an immune attack against the body's own tissues. (medlineplus.gov)

and suppressor T cells that slow down the immune response about 1 week after the response. (scienceaid.net)

Treatment of both plastic-adherent PC and nonadherent PC cultures which contained L5178Y cells with rMuTNF + rMuIFN-γ resulted in inhibition of tumor cell growth. (johnshopkins.edu)

Castration of normal male mice induces expansion of the bone marrow B cell population, an effect that can be reversed by androgen replacement. (jci.org)
Immature B cells from normal mouse bone marrow were not responsive to the suppressive effect of androgens unless they were cocultured with marrow stromal cells or with supernatants from androgen-treated stromal cells, suggesting that the androgen effects are exerted through marrow stromal elements by production of a diffusible mediator. (jci.org)
Further experiments revealed that bone marrow stromal cells produced TGF-β in response to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and neutralization of TGF-β in the DHT-treated stromal cells reversed the suppressive effects. (jci.org)
The stromal cell requirement for androgen-mediated effects was confirmed in vivo by experiments using chimeric animals created by bone marrow transplantation in which androgen receptor expression was restricted to either the stromal or lymphoid cells of the bone marrow. (jci.org)
Several lines of evidence support the hypothesis that gonadal steroids exert effects on the development of B cells in bone marrow. (jci.org)
Androgens also exert effects on B cell development in bone marrow. (jci.org)

This underlines an important role for Snail in influencing the immune compartment of lung tumors and thus contributing to disease progression. (oncotarget.com)
It is clear however, that tumors skew the immune system towards a "tolerogenic" faith, leading to immune-paralysis. (lu.se)

Several types of adoptive cell transfer are under investigation, but CAR T-cell therapy is the first to enter clinical practice. (medscape.com)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) progresses from compensated insulin resistance to beta cell failure resulting in uncompensated hyperglycemia, a process replicated in the Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat. (nature.com)

Replication of examinations such as patient's mental state, the virus in lymphoid cells may cause extra- build, pulse rate, respiratory rate, body tem- hepatic manifestations. (who.int)

This may be prolonged in immunocompromised patients and those who have received varicella zoster immune globulin (VZIG). (cdc.gov)

The adult C57BL/6 mice initiated a rapid innate and adaptive immune response associated with high IFN-γ and low interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression. (news-medical.net)

Results: No evidence of autoantibody production characteristic of paraneoplastic pemphigus was found, and antibodies reactive with basal cell keratinocytes were not detected. (psu.edu)

Within the lung, Mtb is initially contained by granuloma formation, the characteristic host immune response to the pathogen [ 7 ]. (ersjournals.com)

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immune response to a tumor cell. (planteome.org)
Small concentrations of recombinant murine tumor necrosis factor (rMuTNF) synergized with recombinant murine γ-interferon (rMuIFN-γ) to inhibit tumor cell growth in peritoneal cell (PC) cultures from tumor-dormant mice. (johnshopkins.edu)

Additionally, if a non-live vaccine is administered during the period of altered immunocompetence, it might need to be repeated after immune function has improved. (cdc.gov)
Bottom line Vaccination using the VZV vaccine may increase IgG however, not IgE-specific viral replies and concurrently raise the numbers of Compact disc19+ B cells. (sdfca.org)

Here we identify two stage-specific enhancers: the proximal enhancer mediates the constitutive CCL5 expression during the steady state, while the distal enhancer located 1.35 Mb from the promoter induces CCL5 expression in activated cells. (nature.com)
In this state the immune response is suppressed by the tumor and even induces a wound healing processes stimulating tumor progression. (lu.se)

Developmental and environmental signals modulate the activity and sensitivity of the Imd immune response. (biomedcentral.com)

Delayed clearance of Sendai virus in mice lacking class I MHC-restricted CD8+ T cells. (cdc.gov)
Characteristics of the influenza virus-specific CD8+ T cell response in mice homozygous for disruption of the H-2lAb gene. (cdc.gov)
The secondary transplantation of recipient BMMSCs recovered the immune condition and renal functions of MRL/lpr mice. (elsevierpure.com)
Androgens only affected B cell development in chimeric mice with androgen-sensitive stromal cells. (jci.org)
Accordingly, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analyses revealed elevated viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) levels in the heart and brain of aged mice but no viral RNA-positive cells, indicating that SARS-CoV-2 does not disseminate systemically in aged animals. (news-medical.net)

Cancer Cell (2023) 41 (3): 585. (aacrjournals.org)

Activation, differentiation, and migration of naive virus-specific CD8+ T cells during pulmonary influenza virus infection. (cdc.gov)
Frequency, specificity, and sites of expansion of CD8+ T cells during primary pulmonary influenza virus infection. (cdc.gov)
However, the HLA-B molecules influencing immune control in adults have less impact on paediatric infection. (ox.ac.uk)
It is commonly believed that exposure to cold environmental temperatures depresses immune function and increases the risk for infection. (researchgate.net)

This review highlights the significant role of mast cells as the interface that acts as sensor and early responder through interactions with cells in systemic organs and the nervous system . (bvsalud.org)
Tissue, even entire organs that are transplanted have normal cell markers, but when they aren't your own, they cause the immune system to attack the tissue - this is why people receiving transplants need to take immunosuppressants. (scienceaid.net)
Laboratory studies can be useful for assessing the effects of a disease or drug on the immune system. (cdc.gov)
Diagnostic Evaluation to re-immunization Prior, VZV IgG Ab amounts were harmful ( ?0.90 Ab index) and VZV IgM VZV Ab amounts were also harmful (?0.90 Ab index) (Desk?1), indicating either zero prior contact with absence or VZV of a particular immune system response to immunization. (sdfca.org)
Mechanistically, the importance and meaning of these observations needs to be addressed in a suitable and easily manipulable in vitro system consisting of human islets and immune cells. (selectbiosciences.com)
PLCG2-associated antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation (PLAID) is an immune system disorder characterized by an allergic reaction to cold temperatures. (medlineplus.gov)
Other immune system problems can also occur. (medlineplus.gov)
In many people with PLAID, immune system function is reduced, leading to recurrent infections such as frequent colds, ear infections, or bouts of pneumonia. (medlineplus.gov)
The number of immune system cells called natural killer (NK) cells may also be reduced. (medlineplus.gov)
standing of the immune system. (cdc.gov)

A cell-mediated immune reaction possibly causes this phenomenon. (psu.edu)

Natural Killer (NK) cells contribute to HIV control in adults, but HLA-B-mediated T-cell activity has a more substantial impact on disease outcome. (ox.ac.uk)

Anatomy40

Organisms14

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs94

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Phenomena and Processes57

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Health Care2

Immunity9

Humoral2

Responses11

Immunology1

Multifaceted function1

Receptors7

Autoimmune5

Antigens5

Lymphocyte5

Inflammatory11

Roles3

Peripheral6

Chronic5

Lymphocytes10

Mechanism4

Cellular6

Response characterized1

Inflammation8

Modulation1

Regulatory1

Diseases3

Destruction2

Neutrophils2

Epithelial cells1

Reactivity1

Endogenous1

Subsets3

Monocytes1

Repression1

Dendritic cells1

Signaling pathway1

Bacterial2

Regulation3

Stem9

Populations1

GVHD1

Macrophages3

Innate immune3

Downregulation1

Triggers1

Soluble2

Viral clearance2

Effector4

Cytotoxic11

Carcinogenesis2

Tissues1

Suppressor T cel1

Inhibition1

Bone marrow6

Tumors2

Clinical1

Type 2 diabet1

Lymphoid1

Varicella zoster1

Adaptive immune r1

Keratinocytes1

Granuloma1

Tumor cell2

Vaccine2

Induces2

Modulate1

Mice5

20231

Infection4

System10

Reaction1

Outcome1