Cell junction. Medical search. Frequent questions

In vertebrates, there are three major types of cell junction: Adherens junctions, desmosomes and hemidesmosomes (anchoring junctions) Gap junctions (communicating junction) Tight junctions (occluding junctions) Invertebrates have several other types of specific junctions, for example septate junctions or the C. elegans apical junction. (wikipedia.org)
Squid embryos examined by freeze-fracture and thin-section electron microscopy exhibit identifiable gap junctions during mid-cleavage stages (stages 7-8), and junctional complexes composed of adherent appositions, elaborate septate junctions and gap junctions at slightly later stages (stages 12-13). (elsevierpure.com)
The existence of septate junctions and adherent contacts at later stages suggests that some functional specialization, perhaps the establishment of a strongly joined framework of cells at the surface of the embryo, accompanies the formation of germinal layers. (elsevierpure.com)

Cadherin molecules form the actual anchor by attaching to the cytoplasmic plaque, extending through the membrane and binding strongly to cadherins coming through the membrane of the adjacent cell. (wikipedia.org)
Adherens junctions share the characteristic of anchoring cells through their cytoplasmic actin filaments. (wikipedia.org)
At the ultrastructural level, gap junctions between the cytoplasmic processes of interfollicular fibroblasts constituted a novel observation. (nih.gov)
During germinal layer establishment (stages 12-13) cytoplasmic bridges frequently link the embryonic cells. (elsevierpure.com)

Cell junctions or junctional complexes, are a class of cellular structures consisting of multiprotein complexes that provide contact or adhesion between neighboring cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix in animals. (wikipedia.org)
Cells have developed several types of junctional complexes to serve these functions, and in each case, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells as well as to proteins in the extracellular matrix. (wikipedia.org)
its structural components include not only tight junctions (TJs), but also gap junctions (GJs) and atypical adherens junctional complexes - ectoplasmic specialization (ES) [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In a proof-of-concept paper, researchers detail a new approach for creating multi-junction solar cells using off-the-shelf components, resulting in lower cost, high-efficiency solar cells for use in multiple applications. (sciencedaily.com)
We want to create high efficiency solar cells at a reasonable cost," says Salah Bedair, Distinguished Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at NC State and lead author of the research. (sciencedaily.com)
Silicon-based thin solar cells are very popular because the material has around 20% efficiency and the cells cost about 1/10th what a multi-junction solar cell costs. (sciencedaily.com)
Manufacturers could simply tweak their existing products slightly to increase their efficiency in multi-junction solar cells, rather than having to create new products. (sciencedaily.com)
June 1, 2023 Researchers have achieved a breakthrough power-conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.31% with organic solar cells (OSCs), also known as polymer solar cells. (sciencedaily.com)
The current world record for triple-junction solar cell efficiency is 44 percent, but a collaboration between the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), the Imperial College of London, and MicroLink Devices Inc. has led to a multi-junction photovoltaic cell design that could break the 50 percent conversion efficiency barrier under concentrated solar illumination. (electronicdesign.com)
Presently, the best examples of traditional silicon solar cells top out at around 25 percent efficiency, whereas multi-junction cells have achieved more than 40 percent. (electronicdesign.com)
Multi-junction solar cells contain several layers of semiconducting material stacked one on top of another, each designed to absorb a different wavelength of light, thereby boosting their efficiency. (electronicdesign.com)
This research has produced a novel, realistically achievable, lattice-matched, multi-junction solar cell design with the potential to break the 50 percent power conversion efficiency mark under concentrated illumination,' said Robert Walters, Ph.D., NRL research physicist. (electronicdesign.com)
In an ambitious industry project with the French company Soitec , Fraunhofer ISE , Freiburg, Germany, is developing a new generation of multi-junction solar cells with efficiency potential as high as 50 % under "concentrated sunlight" [see definition below]. (optics.org)
This leads us into a new generation of multi-junction solar cells showing outstanding efficiency potential. (optics.org)
The result of this French-German collaboration is a four-junction solar cell device with an outstanding efficiency of 43.6 % at a concentration level of 319 suns. (optics.org)
It is the first time that such a high efficiency is obtained for a solar cell with four pn-junctions in series. (optics.org)
The application for these high efficiency multi-junction solar cells is primarily in photovoltaic concentrator modules from Soitec. (optics.org)
Since then, Fraunhofer ISE continues to support Soitec in the development of high efficiency solar cells and point-focus concentrator PV modules. (optics.org)
The new solar cells with their new process technology and outstanding efficiency potential will make an important contribution to the success of concentrator photovoltaics. (optics.org)
Dr. Andreas Bett and Dr. Frank Dimroth (left to right) working on highest-efficiency solar cells and concentrating solar modules to make solar energy cheaper. (azooptics.com)
This high degree of efficiency is made possible by stacking multiple top-quality solar cells on top of each other. (azooptics.com)
It is quite generally seen that the most viable platform on which this should be realized will be as augmented silicon solar cells, in which a top cell will be combined with the silicon bottom cell in a tandem configuration, by which the efficiency can be enhanced by a factor from 20% to 50%, depending on details of the approach. (lu.se)
This InAs-based structural arrangement comprising of 24 QD each of radius 100 nm radius embedded in 6 NS layers result in cell efficiency of 47.03%, which is an enhancement of 13% over the previously reported structure with a configuration of 12 InP spacing layers and 169 QD each of radius 25 nm. (amrita.edu)
The High Efficiency, Multi-Junction CPV Solar Cells project is developing virtual germanium (Ge) and germanium-tin (Ge-Sn) on silicon wafers for the next generation of multiple-junction solar cells, which are low in cost but highly efficient, meaning they can convert more energy from sunlight than most other solar cells. (arena.gov.au)
Lower cost and high efficiency concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) cells are required to maximise the dense array dish technology pioneered by Solar Systems Pty Ltd. (arena.gov.au)
This project will allow development of the germanium-tin-silicon material system, which offers an alternative way to produce the CPV cell material needed to generate ultra high efficiency. (arena.gov.au)
This could significantly reduce the cost and potentially improve the efficiency of the multiple-junction solar cell when used in CPV applications. (arena.gov.au)
Combining Solar Systems' dense array dish system with new 'virtual' multi-junction solar cells could revolutionise utility-scale photovoltaic systems in terms of cost and efficiency, producing around 1000 times the amount of energy as a roof-mounted flat plate photovoltaic panel with the same area of solar cells. (arena.gov.au)
High efficiency and low cost are critical in terms of developing solar cells. (nps.edu)
Multijunction solar cells by far have the best energy conversion efficiency among all solar cell devices. (nps.edu)
Transport imaging and luminescence characterization can help researchers and manufacturers to understand charge transport behavior at a microscopic level within a multijunction solar cell and therefore possibly increase energy conversion efficiency. (nps.edu)
III-V/Si multi-junction solar cells are potential successors to the silicon single-junction cell due to their efficiency potential of up to 40% in the radiative limit. (fraunhofer.de)
Implemented into a new triple-junction solar cell, an increase in short-circuit current density from 10.0 to 12.2mA(cm-2) is achieved, leading to a new record conversion efficiency of 25.9% under AM1.5g conditions. (fraunhofer.de)
Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells have strong potential for high efficiency and low cost photovoltaics. (enea.it)
Researchers at Coppin State University have managed to simulate high-efficiency solar cells using a multi-junction design. (coppin.edu)
Different projects involving different components of dye sensitized solar cells have been carried out to improve the efficiency of solar cells. (coppin.edu)
The highest recorded efficiency (defined as the ratio of the electrical output power of the cell to the solar radiant flux) for SJSCs is only 28%, while MJSCs with concentrator lenses have reached an efficiency of 46% with the latest design from Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems [ 1 ]. (edp-open.org)
Concentrators are able to reduce materials cost while at the same time increase efficiency of the solar cell by concentrating a large surface area of sunlight and its resulting heat onto a smaller solar cell, increasing its open circuit voltage by limiting entropy production during the absorption and emission of radiation [ 2 ]. (edp-open.org)

The cytoskeletal actin filaments that tie into adherens junctions are contractile proteins and in addition to providing an anchoring function, adherens junctions are thought to participate in folding and bending of epithelial cell sheets. (wikipedia.org)
It is believed that TGF-β1 signalling is involved in controlling epithelial cell proliferation, to drive epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and it plays a major role in lung fibrosis and emphysema. (springer.com)
The lens is an avascular organ composed of an anterior epithelial cell layer and fiber cells that form the bulk of the organ. (biomedcentral.com)

Early in his career, Tsukita succeeded in isolating and purifying the adherens junction with his wife Sachiko, an accomplishment that he followed up with an impressive series of discoveries of cell adhesion and cytoskeletal molecules, including what may have been his greatest contribution to the field, the identification of occludin and the claudin family of molecules, which were watershed discoveries in the study of the molecular nature of tight junctions. (rupress.org)
It would not be long, however, before they turned from the desmosome to the adherens junction, a cell-cell adhesion structure that Shoichiro and Sachiko were the first to isolate intact, from preparations of rat liver hepatocytes ( Tsukita and Tsukita, 1989 ). (rupress.org)

The photovoltaic performance of two ruthenium based dyes was measured and compared to assess the effect of anchoring groups on the current-voltage characteristics of dye sensitized solar cells. (coppin.edu)
If the tiniest fraction of that sunlight were to be captured by photovoltaic cells that turn it straight into electricity, there would be no need to emit any greenhouse gases from any power plant. (nature.com)

This triggered an increase in paracellular permeability via cellular redistribution of claudin 3 (CLDN3) from TJs into cell nuclei followed by disruption of epithelial integrity and formation of epithelial lesions. (springer.com)

page 527 ) find evidence that these structures work as true tight junctions to seal off the myelin sheath and are required for proper neural conductance in the Schwann cells of the PNS.Claudin proteins are major cell adhesion molecules in tight junctions. (rupress.org)
The specificity of the gap junction is determined by which connexin proteins comprise the hemichannel. (nih.gov)
The loss in gap-junction associated proteins was mirrored by a loss in functional conductance between coupled cells. (lincoln.ac.uk)
Cadherins are calcium dependent proteins which hold cells together at adherins junctions to form tissues and organs. (cdc.gov)

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Cells displayed many of the properties that characterize enterocytes, such as apical microvilli, basolateral basement membrane, and glycogen. (cdc.gov)

The team is continuing to follow the now two-year-old mice to see if a lack of proper tight junctions induces demyelination later in life. (rupress.org)

Claudin-19 (green) helps form tight junction structures that seal PNS myelin sheaths. (rupress.org)
Tight junction-like structures run along myelin sheaths in both the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS and PNS), but have only been functionally characterized in the CNS. (rupress.org)
Mice lacking functional claudin-19 showed behavioral and morphological abnormalities suggestive of peripheral nerve damage and disruption of the tight junction-like structures. (rupress.org)
The subsequent discovery of ZO-1, a known tight junction (TJ) protein, in what until then had been thought to be a pure AJ fraction led Tsukita to surmise that the fractions were in fact enriched with TJ components as well. (rupress.org)
Tsukita set Mikio Furuse, a gifted graduate student in his lab, to the task, and in 1993 the team developed a monoclonal antibody from their AJ preparation that recognized a protein in the tight junction. (rupress.org)

In multicellular plants, the structural functions of cell junctions are instead provided for by cell walls. (wikipedia.org)
Three types of anchoring junctions are observed, and differ from one another in the cytoskeletal protein anchor as well as the transmembrane linker protein that extends through the membrane: Anchoring-type junctions not only hold cells together but provide tissues with structural cohesion. (wikipedia.org)
In summary, CD97 increases the structural integrity of enterocytic adherens junctions by increasing and stabilizing junctional beta-catenin, thereby regulating intestinal epithelial strength and attenuating experimental colitis. (nih.gov)

Cell junctions are also especially important in enabling communication between neighboring cells via specialized protein complexes called communicating (gap) junctions. (wikipedia.org)
Gap junction protein inhibitor protects mice from death and liver damage after hepatotoxic drug challenge. (genengnews.com)
Their experiments demonstrated that treating mice with a small molecule inhibitor that specifically target the hepatic gap junction protein connexion 32 (Cx32) provides significant protection against liver damage and death resulting from subsequent or simultaneous challenge with known hepatotoxic drugs such as acetaminophen. (genengnews.com)
Initial in vivo studies demonstrated that mice deficient in Cx32, the primary gap junction protein in the liver, were far less susceptible than wild-type mice to actual liver damage and inflammation caused by treatment with the hepatotoxin thioacetamide (TAA). (genengnews.com)
The investigators moved on to think about evaluating the therapeutic potential of pharmacologically inhibiting Cx32, using 2-aminoethoxy-dipenyl-borate (2APB), a compound previously shown to transiently inhibit Cx32 gap junctions in vitro, and which they confirmed was specific to the Cx32 gap junction protein. (genengnews.com)
My first introduction to Tsukita's work in the field of cell adhesion came in 1986 at a Japan Society for Cell Biology meeting, where Sachiko, in collaboration with Shoichiro, was presenting their discovery of the desmosomal protein, desmocalmin. (rupress.org)
In the past, connexin protein names were based on their molecular weight, however the new nomenclature uses sequential numbers based on which form (alpha or beta) of the gap junction is present. (nih.gov)
Present study was designed to establish a causal connection between changes in the cell-cell junction protein expression at the blood-testis barrier and alterations in the adult rat testis histology following an anti-androgen flutamide exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
Particular emphasis was placed on the basal ectoplasmic specialization (ES) in the seminiferous epithelium and expression of gap junction protein, connexin 43 (Cx43). (biomedcentral.com)
Gap junction channels (GJCs) are massive protein channels connecting the cytoplasm of adjacent cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The protein produced from this gene, called SynGAP, plays an important role in nerve cells in the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations involved in this condition prevent the production of functional SynGAP protein from one copy of the gene, reducing the protein's activity in cells. (medlineplus.gov)

Cell junctions are especially abundant in epithelial tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Cells within tissues and organs must be anchored to one another and attached to components of the extracellular matrix. (wikipedia.org)
These junctions are most abundant in tissues that are subject to constant mechanical stress such as skin and heart. (wikipedia.org)
Dendritic cells and macrophages found in large quantities at the corticomedullary junction arise from mesodermal tissues (bone marrow). (medscape.com)
The epithelial cells and these other stromal tissues of the thymus influence the selection and maturation of the T lymphocytes. (medscape.com)

Immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody against Cx43 confirmed the distribution of gap junctions between stromal fibroblastic cells, which was compatible with the ultrastructural findings. (nih.gov)
The main constituent of the human thyroid stromal tissue was a CD34 positive reticular network involving fibroblasts, mononuclear cells and nerve terminals. (nih.gov)

The paper, "A New Approach for Multi-Junction Solar Cells from Off-the-Shelf Individual Cells: GaAs/Si" was presented at the IEEE Photostatic Specialist Meeting held June 19 in Chicago, IL. (sciencedaily.com)
1] Herein, latest results of epitaxially integrated GaInP/GaAs/Si triple-junction cells are presented. (fraunhofer.de)

En particular, las células solares de triple unión (GaInP/GaInAs/Ge) ajustadas en red siguen dominando el mercado CPV. (upm.es)
En particular, en esta tesis se presenta una nueva rutina de nucleación de la capa de nucleación de GaInP y de la capa buffer de GaInAs poniendo especial interés en la reducción de la carga térmica como consecuencia de disminuir el espesor de estas capas, además de la bajada en temperatura a la que se crece la buffer de GaInAs. (upm.es)
Continuando con el uso de Sb como elemento surfactante durante el crecimiento de la base del GaInP, en esta tesis hemos desordenado aún más el GaInP con el uso de dicho surfactante tanto en el crecimiento epitaxial de la base como del emisor, con el objetivo de aumentar la banda de energía prohibida (band gap) de esta subcélula y por tanto su VOC. (upm.es)

Combined with cell adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix, cell junctions help hold animal cells together. (wikipedia.org)
Similarly to desmosomes and hemidesmosomes, their transmembrane anchors are composed of cadherins in those that anchor to other cells and integrins (focal adhesion) in those that anchor to extracellular matrix. (wikipedia.org)
α-Catenin was the next molecule to emerge from the AJ trove, a finding that contributed immensely to our understanding of the cadherin cell adhesion machinery. (rupress.org)

Spot-like adherens junctions called focal adhesions help cells adhere to extracellular matrix. (wikipedia.org)
A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells, or between a cell and the extracellular matrix, or between two membrane-bound components of a cell, such as flagella. (planteome.org)

To reduce parasitic absorption losses, which have limited the current density in the Si bottom cell in the previous devices, transparent AlxGa1-xAsyP1-y step-graded metamorphic buffers are investigated. (fraunhofer.de)
In monolithic (two-terminal) configurations, one key element is the interconnection region of the two subcells, which should be designed for optimal light management and prevention of parasitic p/n junctions. (enea.it)

Used in the team's multi-junction solar cell, the alloys could achieve a maximum direct band gap of 1.8 electron volts (eV), which is higher than commonly used materials that, when lattice-matched to InP, result in a maximum of 1.4 eV. (electronicdesign.com)

Desmosomes, also termed as maculae adherentes, can be visualized as rivets through the plasma membrane of adjacent cells. (wikipedia.org)
The band-type of adherens junctions is associated with bundles of actin filaments that also encircle the cell just below the plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)

Solar cells can be composed of a single pair of semiconductor materials, called single junction solar cells (SJSCs), or multiple layers of different semiconductor materials, called multi-junction solar cells (MJSCs). (edp-open.org)

Previous work by the MIT/MGH and Rutgers team, along with independent research, has demonstrated a link between liver inflammation and the hepatic gap junctions that enable direct intercellular communication between coupled cells in the liver. (genengnews.com)
Gap junctions are unique membrane channels that play a significant role in intercellular communication in the developing and mature central nervous system (CNS). (biomedcentral.com)
Background/Aims: In the current study we examined if the adipocytokine, visfatin, alters connexin-mediated intercellular communication in proximal tubule-derived epithelial cells. (lincoln.ac.uk)
Functional intercellular communication was determined using transfer of Lucifer Yellow and paired-whole cell patch clamp electrophysiology. (lincoln.ac.uk)
These data suggest that visfatin reduces connexin-mediated intercellular communication in proximal tubule-derived epithelial cells via a TGF-β dependent pathway. (lincoln.ac.uk)

For the development of metamorphic triple-junction solar cells, the team has been closely collaborating for years with AZUR Space Solar Power in Heilbronn, the leading European manufacturer of solar cells for space. (azooptics.com)

Communicating junctions, or gap junctions allow for direct chemical communication between adjacent cellular cytoplasm through diffusion without contact with the extracellular fluid. (wikipedia.org)

Multi-junction, or stacked, solar cells are currently the most efficient cells on the market, converting up to 45% of the solar energy they absorb into electricity. (sciencedaily.com)
Multiple-junction solar cells are currently fabricated on expensive Ge wafer substrates (the bottom layer of a solar cell) that are not ideal for CPV systems. (arena.gov.au)

Gap junctions allow the transport of ions and metabolites between the cytoplasm of adjacent cells. (nih.gov)

A team at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and the Shriners Burns Hospital, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Rutgers University, demonstrated that the progression of DILI is gap-junction dependent. (genengnews.com)
Results: In low glucose (5mM), visfatin (10-200ng/mL) did not affect membrane integrity, cytotoxicity or cell viability at 48hrs, but did evoke a concentration-dependent reduction in Cx26 and Cx43 expression. (lincoln.ac.uk)
This also means that the angle of the solar cell relative to the sun is dependent on its global position and the season [ 6 ]. (edp-open.org)

Solar cell wafer with four-junction concentrator cells and test structures. (optics.org)
Dr. Frank Dimroth, Department, Head of III-V Epitaxy and Solar Cells at Fraunhofer ISE, comments, "We are very pleased about the success of a 43.6 % cell which we were able to reach due to the wafer bonding technology. (optics.org)
Full tandem devices were then tested, by applying a planar n-i-p mixed-cation mixed-halide perovskite top cell, fabricated via low temperature solution methods to be compatible with the processed Si wafer. (enea.it)

The key to the new multi-junction cell design was identifying what are known as 'InAlAsSb quaternary alloys' as a high band gap material that can be grown lattice-matched to an indium phosphide (InP) substrate. (electronicdesign.com)

J Cell Biol (2005) 169 (3): 375. (rupress.org)
J Cell Biol (2006) 172 (3): 321-323. (rupress.org)

[ 4 ] MG is caused by autoantibodies to postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (anti-AChRs) at the neuromuscular junction, causing weakness of skeletal muscles. (medscape.com)
connect with muscles at the neuromuscular junction. (msdmanuals.com)
These plates contain receptors that enable the muscle to respond to acetylcholine, a chemical messenger (neurotransmitter) released by the nerve to transmit a nerve impulse across the neuromuscular junction. (msdmanuals.com)
In addition, many drugs can cause the neuromuscular junction to malfunction. (msdmanuals.com)
Neuromuscular junction disorders typically decrease nerve cell activity and cause muscle weakness. (msdmanuals.com)
Some neuromuscular junction disorders decrease the nerve's activity, causing weakness. (msdmanuals.com)
Although the changes that cause stiff-person syndrome originate mainly in the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system), they also affect the neuromuscular junction. (msdmanuals.com)

In a proof-of-concept, the team stacked an off-the-shelf gallium arsenide solar cell on top of a silicon solar cell. (sciencedaily.com)

The connexon complexes stretches across the cell membrane and when two adjacent cell connexons interact, they form a complete gap junction channel. (wikipedia.org)

In Tg murine and normal human colonic enterocytes as well as in colorectal cell lines CD97 was localized preferentially in E-cadherin-based adherens junctions. (nih.gov)
2001) has shown that the wild-type Ahl gene codes for an outer-hair cell specific cadherin. (cdc.gov)

The further development of this new four-junction solar cell offers the opportunity to improve conversion efficiencies even further to 50 % in the future. (optics.org)
The next great opportunity for photovoltaics following this competitiveness in prices will be to enhance the cell and panel efficiencies. (lu.se)

The presence of gap junctions in cleavagestage embryos provides the morphological substrate for a demonstrated pathway of direct cell-cell communication that is modifiable by experimental treatments and may be physiologically regulatable. (elsevierpure.com)

The spatial patterns of liver injury in the TAA-treated wild-type mice led the authors to postulate that gap junction communication between cells might promote the propagation and amplification of an injury signal after TAA treatment. (genengnews.com)
Ultrastructural analysis revealed that overexpression of CD97 strengthened lateral cell-cell contacts between enterocytes, which, in contrast, were weakened in CD97 knockout (Ko) mice. (nih.gov)
Transepithelial resistance was not altered in Tg and Ko mice, indicating that tight junctions were not affected. (nih.gov)

Of the several factors affecting solar cell output power, the angle relative to the sun is one of the most important considerations in terms of collecting sunlight. (edp-open.org)
This poses a problem since concentrator MJSCs can only absorb direct sunlight, whereas non-concentrator solar cells can absorb both direct sunlight as well as diffused sunlight [ 7 ]. (edp-open.org)
This study attempts to enable the solar cell to capture the maximum amount of sunlight without the use of solar trackers based on the output power of the cell. (edp-open.org)

TGF-β1 is a major mediator of airway tissue remodelling during atopic asthma and affects tight junctions (TJs) of airway epithelia. (springer.com)
In summary, we demonstrate a role of motile cilia in TGF-β1 sensing and showed that TGF-β1 disturbs TJ permeability of conductive airway epithelia by redistributing CLDN3 from TJs into cell nuclei. (springer.com)

Compared with follicular epithelial cells, there are a few morphological studies on the stroma of human thyroid gland. (nih.gov)

Two dual-junction cell structures are first grown on separate III-V compound semiconductor substrates and then fused together so efficiently that the interface promotes the current flow through the four-junction solar cell device. (optics.org)
In this project, the partners demonstrated for the first time the successful transfer of ultra-thin solar cell layer structures and the application of re-usable engineered substrates. (optics.org)
From the corticomedullary junction, the cells enter the medulla or circulate in the periphery to other lymphoid structures (ie, lymph nodes). (medscape.com)

To solve that problem in current multi-junction solar cells heavily doped metals are used to create a tunnel junction between the various layers -- adding significant expense and complexity to the multi-junction solar cell's creation. (sciencedaily.com)
In multi-junction solar cells the tunnel junction enables electric connectivity by acting as a metal-to-metal connection," Bedair says. (sciencedaily.com)
We probed modified SHJ solar cells, made from double-side polished n-type Si wafers, which included the proposed front-side p/n tunnel junction with the p-type film simultaneously functioning as selective charge transport layer for the SHJ bottom cell, trying different thicknesses for the n-type layer. (enea.it)

Control of blood flow distribution and tissue homeostasis depend on the tight regulation of and coordination between the microvascular network and circulating blood cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell and Tissue Research , 239 (3), 477-484. (elsevierpure.com)

The model confirmed that all EACs must originate from BE and pinpointed a CXCL8/IL8↔neutrophil immune microenvironment as a driver of cellular transformation in EACs and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas. (jci.org)

Conclusions: The adipocytokine visfatin selectively evoked a non-toxic reduction in connexin expression in HK2-cells. (lincoln.ac.uk)

This change in conductance properties indicated that, without claudin-19, the myelin sheath of Schwann cell appeared to be inadequately sealed from the environment. (rupress.org)

The cells within their own specially designed concentrator modules measure only three square millimeters in size. (azooptics.com)

There is considerable morphologic diversity among adherens junctions. (wikipedia.org)
The transcriptional diversity of 25 Drosophila cell lines. (wustl.edu)

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