• We show that cellular glycolysis fuels endothelial activation, migration and contraction and that sites of high lactate production colocalize with active cytoskeletal remodelling within an endothelial cell. (nature.com)
  • RhoA activation triggers a glycolytic burst through the translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A3/GLUT3 to fuel the cellular contractile machinery, as demonstrated across multiple endothelial cell types. (nature.com)
  • Thus, it has been argued that the observed bivalency simply reflects cellular heterogeneity arising from the averaging of cells that carry either, but not both, marks at a given locus (Fig. 2). (researchgate.net)
  • Understanding the cellular mechanisms that mediate this cancer cell plasticity may lead to improved treatments. (sciencedaily.com)
  • One of the goals of my lab is to better understand the mechanisms that allow breast cancer cells to be remarkably heterogeneous, which is one of the reasons cancer is difficult to treat," said corresponding author Dr. Chonghui Cheng, associate professor at the Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, of molecular and human genetics and of molecular and cellular biology at Baylor College of Medicine. (sciencedaily.com)
  • We seek to understand the sources and consequences of this heterogeneity in cellular response to stimuli such as growth factors, cell stress, and targeted cancer therapeutics. (colorado.edu)
  • In the Vila Ellis Lab, we will investigate this newly discovered heterogeneity during development and regeneration with the ultimate objective of elucidating the transcriptional mechanisms underlying endothelial heterogeneity, endothelial cell fate, and the molecular and cellular components of lung angiogenesis. (northwestern.edu)
  • Large single-cell transcriptomic datasets have opened up many possibilities for new analyses, but their potential to inform parameter inference of molecular or cellular dynamics has not yet been realized. (biorxiv.org)
  • Through the analysis of large populations of posterior distributions we are able to quantify the relationships between single-cell transcriptional states and dynamic cellular responses, paving the way for more detailed mappings between gene expression states and dynamic cell fates. (biorxiv.org)
  • Ca 2+ signaling is a highly conserved pathway that regulates a host of cellular responses in epithelial cells: from death and division to migration and molecule secretion, as well as collective behaviors from organogenesis to wound healing [ 8 ]. (biorxiv.org)
  • The first-ever online and open-access education e-course, brought to you by The EBMT Trainee Committee, designed to cover all aspects surrounding hematopoietic cell transplantation and cellular therapy with a focus on trainee-relevant knowledge and skills. (ebmt.org)
  • Familiarize trainees with important clinical aspects of stem cell transplant and cellular therapy, including pharmacology, patient monitoring, and recognition and basic management of complications. (ebmt.org)
  • Our ultimate goal is to explore the signals controlling stem cell homeostasis, in order to gain mechanistic insights into organ morphogenesis, but also into the cellular hierarchy of the highly heterogeneous tumor cell populations. (stemcells-live.fr)
  • One of the earliest proteins to be expressed on CD8 T cells following infection is CD69, which is now widely used as a marker of cellular activation and tissue-residency. (emory.edu)
  • 6. Location and cellular fate. (emory.edu)
  • In summary, we present a human cellular model of neuronal differentiation exhibiting a novel essential function of NF-κB-c-REL in fate choice between neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis which will potentially be relevant for multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Due to cellular heterogeneity in the heart, the activation of gene programs representing specific atrial and ventricular cardiomyocyte subtypes would be highly desirable. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Similarly to normal hematopoiesis, leukemias are organized in cellular hierarchies where leukemic stem cells (LSCs) drive the tumor growth. (lu.se)
  • Leukemia treatment is vulnerable to cellular heterogeneity as rare LSCs often evade therapy and cause relapse. (lu.se)
  • From the abstract: 'Ovarian carcinoma is characterized by heterogeneity at the molecular, cellular and anatomical levels, both spatially and temporally. (cdc.gov)
  • In subsequent work, he showed that Seven in Absentia is activated by the Ras signal transduction pathway and acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase to rapidly degrade a transcriptional repressor of R7 cell differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • At the same time, the stem-cell like transcriptional signature and in vivo functionality remained intact. (emory.edu)
  • Chapter 2: Longitudinal analysis of the phenotype, transcriptional profile, and anatomic location of memory CD8 T cell subsets after acute viral infection. (emory.edu)
  • Collectively, these results indicate the potential for therapeutic alteration of cell fate decisions and pathological gene regulatory networks by GATA4-targeted compounds modulating chamber-specific transcriptional programs in multipotent cardiac progenitor cells and cardiomyocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To investigate the transcriptional diversity of BM-MSCs, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on freshly isolated CD271 + BM-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) from two human subjects. (ijbs.com)
  • This will allow for defining the transcriptional programs that govern HSC fate and explain the molecular basis for leukemogenesis. (lu.se)
  • In this study, we investigated cancer stem cells, a cell population that has the plasticity to generate cells with different properties, focusing on the cell surface molecule CD44. (sciencedaily.com)
  • We anticipate that other genes that also undergo alternative splicing could as well contribute to the cells' fate and to the plasticity that generates cancer heterogeneity," Cheng said. (sciencedaily.com)
  • We think that defective cell fate decisions fuel the intra-humoral heterogeneity and plasticity that makes treatment of human brain tumors so challenging. (stanford.edu)
  • Topics include the plasticity of memory CD4 T cells, the formation of germinal centers by memory B cells, the contributions of natural killer cells to immune memory, and the influence of commensal microbiota on immune responses. (cshlpress.com)
  • Despite these apparent differences in definitive hematopoiesis between fish and mammals, the definitive HSC niche functions to actively recruit stem cells and maintain their plasticity throughout adulthood ( 2 , 4 , 5 ). (amegroups.org)
  • Histone modifications and chromatin-associated protein complexes are crucially involved in the control of gene expression, supervising cell fate decisions and differentiation. (researchgate.net)
  • Background: Bivalent chromatin domains consisting of the activating histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and repressive histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) histone modifications are enriched at developmental genes that are repressed in embryonic stem cells but active during differentiation. (researchgate.net)
  • Yet, the precise mechanisms coordinating cell polarity and correct mitotic spindle dynamics and chromosome segregation fidelity, to ensure proper epithelial integrity and differentiation remain ill defined. (southampton.ac.uk)
  • The framework will allow to label for up to 10 markers to visualize at the same time ANXA1, centrosomes, chromosomes, cell-cell adhesion molecules, differentiation markers, proliferation, and apoptosis. (southampton.ac.uk)
  • To do this, we develop genetically encoded fluorescent sensors for signaling events of interest and use long-term live-cell microscopy and cell tracking to quantify the dynamics of upstream signals and link them to cell fate (proliferation, quiescence, apoptosis, differentiation). (colorado.edu)
  • Cell fate decisions within these hierarchical brain cell lineages are tightly controlled and irreversible: e.g. cells in the state of differentiation will not turn into progenitor cells or stem cells. (stanford.edu)
  • This is especially true for malignant glioma cells, which simultaneously express markers of different lineages and states exhibiting incomplete differentiation. (stanford.edu)
  • Our laboratory has a long-standing interest in immune signaling and cell metabolism underlying the differentiation and function of T cells, a central cell type in adaptive immunity and cancer immunotherapy. (stjude.org)
  • For dendritic cell-mediated extrinsic control of T cell differentiation, we focus on metabolic and inflammatory pathways (see Du Nature 2018). (stjude.org)
  • Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals that Differentiation and Spatial Signatures Shape Epidermal and Hair Follicle Heterogeneity. (crossref.org)
  • We examined memory CD8 T cell differentiation using the acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection model. (emory.edu)
  • We next sought to examine how these cells were generated, so we analyzed CD8 T cell differentiation in the earliest phase of the acute response-before the first division of an activated CD8 T cell, as well as in the first few days following infection. (emory.edu)
  • We sought to determine what happens to the number of these progenitor cells in the setting of increased effector differentiation. (emory.edu)
  • CD8 T cell differentiation during chronic infection. (emory.edu)
  • Here, we analyzed NF-κB subunit distribution during glutamatergic differentiation of hNSCs originating from neural crest-derived stem cells. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Chemical compounds that modulate atrial and ventricular cell fate could be used to improve subtype-specific differentiation of endogenous or exogenously delivered progenitor cells in order to promote cardiac regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, small molecules capable of influencing the fate decisions and differentiation programs of multipotent progenitor cells could facilitate therapeutic regeneration of lost myocardium. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We successfully identified LEPR hi CD45 low BM-MSCs within the CD271 + BM-MNC population, and further codified the BM-MSCs into distinct subpopulations corresponding to the osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation trajectories, as well as terminal-stage quiescent cells. (ijbs.com)
  • Cluster of differentiation (CD) 4 + T cells are essential organizers of cell-mediated immunity, participating in each stage of the immune response. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • that regulate the differentiation and activation of these cells. (cdc.gov)
  • How dysregulation in these mechanisms contributes to malignant transformation and tumour heterogeneity also remains an open question in cancer research. (southampton.ac.uk)
  • centrosome dynamics), and tumour cell fate, behaviour and heterogeneity. (southampton.ac.uk)
  • Our work will lay the foundation for a more ambitious, collaborative project bringing together expertise in cell and molecular biology, cancer biology, physics, and mathematics, to investigate the causal relationship between ANXA1-mediated defects in cell divisions and tumour heterogeneity, and the underlying mechanisms. (southampton.ac.uk)
  • The goal of this study was to develop the first successful iron labeling method of breast cancer cells derived from patient brain metastases and validate this method with imaging during tumour development. (biorxiv.org)
  • While these cell lines have been well characterized, they do not represent the tumour heterogeneity, metastatic behaviours, and histopathology seen clinically, and are unsuitable for evaluating therapies due to their fast progression in vivo ( 8 , 9 ). (biorxiv.org)
  • Patient-derived xenografts, or PDXs, have begun to supplant traditional cell lines due to their retention of clinical biomarkers and heterogeneity from the original tumour ( 10 ). (biorxiv.org)
  • Dr. Petritsch is an expert in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, and cancer stem cells, and her team's emphasis is on intra-tumoral heterogeneity, in vitro and in vivo cancer model development, and tumor-immune interactions. (stanford.edu)
  • The Petritsch lab broadly investigates underlying causes for the intra-tumoral heterogeneity and immune suppression in brain tumors from a developmental neuro-developmental perspective. (stanford.edu)
  • Moreover, single cell heterogeneity amongst stem cell populations may underlie important cell fate decisions. (jci.org)
  • However, given that bivalent domains can still be observed-albeit in lower proportion-in unipotent cells such as T cells and MEFs, an admixture of cell populations appears to be an unlikely explanation for the observed coexistence of these marks. (researchgate.net)
  • Typically, these methodologies require hundreds to millions of cells as input, often resulting in only a mediocre reading across cell populations. (genengnews.com)
  • The first wave, defined as primitive hematopoiesis, takes place in the extraembryonic yolk sac and generates transitory hematopoietic cell populations consisting of primitive erythrocytes. (amegroups.org)
  • We aim to perform a molecular characterisation of distinct angioblast populations and their derivatives using bioinformatic analyses of existing data, single cell multiome analyses of isolated ECs and their progenitors, and histological analyses using in situ hybridisation and immunofluorescence analyses throughout embryonic development. (ox.ac.uk)
  • At this time, at least two distinct populations of cells were identified-one population that was more effector-like, and one that appeared to have a memory precursor "precursor" phenotype. (emory.edu)
  • The objective of our research is to molecularly dissect known stem cell populations in order to discriminate between normal and malignant stem cells. (lu.se)
  • Delineate the heterogeneity of human hematopietic stem cell (HSC) populations at different ontogenetic stages and identify novel markers for improved HSC isolation. (lu.se)
  • Prospective isolation of human HSCs is in its infancy and current views of the molecular ground state driving HSCs and how it is altered in leukemia is based on studies of heterogeneous populations where HSC and LSC molecular signatures are masked by contaminating cells. (lu.se)
  • Polarised epithelial cell divisions represent a critical mechanism for correct partitioning of fate determinants and genomic material into the daughter cells during tissue homeostasis and morphogenesis, and their disruption can lead to severe developmental disorders and diseases such as cancer. (southampton.ac.uk)
  • Chromosome segregation errors cause aneuploidy and genomic heterogeneity, which are hallmarks of cancer in humans. (nature.com)
  • However, due to intrinsic genomic and immunogenic heterogeneity, immunotherapy had limited efficacy and the effect for different patients may be inconsistent [ 3 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • However, much less available are tools that give the ability to draw a map between the dynamic phenotypes of interest that are modeled, and the current state of a cell, as quantified by high-throughput genomic or proteomic measurements. (biorxiv.org)
  • Single-cell genomic measurement technologies have given us access to a wealth of information on the states of single cells that was not previously accessible [ 6 ]. (biorxiv.org)
  • In this project, you will receive extensive training in cutting edge bioinformatic, single cell genomic, flow cytometry and in vivo gene expression analysis, techniques that are broadly used to address scientific questions across disciplines in academia and industry. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Natural patterns result from the formation of discrete domains within developing tissues through the integration of positional cues by cells that consequently adopt specific fates and produce spatial heterogeneity. (europa.eu)
  • Our data shows that a post-translational mechanism controls spatial heterogeneity of Notch ligands in a multinucleated niche cell to maintain a continuum of diverse states within the SC pool during tissue homeostasis. (sciety.org)
  • We explore how molecular interactions between proteins and small molecules, defined at atomic resolution, govern biochemical output and in turn control cell behaviour. (southampton.ac.uk)
  • In addition, the use of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that regulate oncogenesis and contribute to tumor heterogeneity in colon cancer will be discussed. (corning.com)
  • Understanding what governs these properties at the molecular level is crucial for stem cell biology and its application to regenerative medicine. (lu.se)
  • Of particular relevance is to elucidate those molecular interactions which govern the reprogramming of somatic cells into ESC. (lu.se)
  • Molecular Biology of the Cell 24:2186-200. (colorado.edu)
  • 2009) Molecular Cell, 34:257-8. (colorado.edu)
  • Within the underlying theme of our research, we explore T cell responses from two complementary angles: the molecular pathways intrinsic to T cells, and the pathways that act in dendritic cells to cross-regulate T cell responses. (stjude.org)
  • Complex processes in biology involve a wide array of cell types, as do diseases such as cancer, so having the ability to accurately understand cell fates is critical to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with normal and abnormal tissue growth. (genengnews.com)
  • Here, making use of coupled data: single-cell gene expression and dynamic molecular measurements, we develop new methods for parameter inference. (biorxiv.org)
  • Together, our work deciphered a comprehensive single-cell atlas of the macrophage compartment of PDAC and provided novel macrophage-tumor interaction features with potential value in developing targeted immunotherapies and molecular diagnostics for predicting patient outcome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The molecular mechanisms underlying fate decisions of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) between neurogenesis and gliogenesis are critical during neuronal development and neurodegenerative diseases. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Here we show that bivalent domains and chromosome architecture for bivalent genes are dynamically regulated during the cell cycle in human pluripotent cells. (researchgate.net)
  • Using this method, he identified and studied the HeLa cell transcription factor USF and its role in regulating gene transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Carthew group also developed the first and second generations of transgene systems for performing RNAi against any Drosophila gene at any stage of the life cycle in a tissue- or cell-specific manner. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here, we used single cell analysis to resolve the gene expression profiles of 362 hiPSCs and hESCs for an array of 42 genes that characterize the pluripotent and differentiated states. (jci.org)
  • Comparison between single hESCs and single hiPSCs revealed markedly more heterogeneity in gene expression levels in the hiPSCs, suggesting that hiPSCs occupy an alternate, less stable pluripotent state. (jci.org)
  • As ChIP-seq cannot establish physical co-occurrence of two marks on the same allele, admixture of cells that either express (green) or do not express (red) the gene in focus could explain the occurrence of both marks as well as the low expression level in the overall population. (researchgate.net)
  • In contrast, in the case of ''true'' bivalency, virtually all cells in the population carry both marks simultaneously at the promoter in question, leading to low, if any, expression for that gene in all cells. (researchgate.net)
  • Recently, advances in single-cell transcriptomic technologies have allowed for the direct measurement of gene expression at the single-cell level, in order to quantify intracellular population heterogeneity and characterize cell types. (genengnews.com)
  • Additionally, the 10x-pert presenters will demonstrate how the new automated system will enable walkaway convenience while generating consistent single-cell gene expression results. (genengnews.com)
  • Though use of cell chains informed by single-cell gene expression does not improve sampling relative to random chain assignment, we show that the posteriors produced via gene expression-informed cell chains capture distinct properties of the dynamic Ca 2+ response. (biorxiv.org)
  • Take single-cell gene expression as an example: even if the overwhelming majority of the genes measured in a given experiment contain very little information about the phenotypes under investigation (say 90-95%, for sake of argument) that still leaves hundreds or thousands of genes that do contain relevant information. (biorxiv.org)
  • We address this question below using novel computational methods for single-cell data-informed parameter inference of Ca 2+ dynamics coupled with an innovative dataset jointly measuring dynamics and gene expression in the same single cells [ 7 ]. (biorxiv.org)
  • Heterogeneity is generated both passively, e.g. by differential gene expression in cells of a tissue, and actively, such as the generation of the immense variation for immunological recognition molecules. (researchsquare.com)
  • Pharmacological modulation of cell fate decisions and developmental gene regulatory networks holds promise for the treatment of heart failure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recent advances in transcriptomics have shown that gene expression states vary tremendously from cell to cell. (asip.org)
  • While BM-MSCs have high cell-to-cell heterogeneity in gene expression, the cell subtypes that contribute to this heterogeneity in vivo in humans have not been characterized. (ijbs.com)
  • In HNPCC, a mutation that inactivates an MMR gene leads to the accumulation of cell mutations and greatly increases the likelihood of malignant transformation and cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Single-cell analysis of fate-mapped macrophages reveals heterogeneity, including stem-like properties, during atherosclerosis progression and regression. (nih.gov)
  • Researchers identify the origin of endothelial cells that constitute the vascular niche for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in zebrafish. (go.jp)
  • Endothelial cells (ECs) line blood vessels and can serve as specialized vascular niches for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), a special environment where HSPCs reside and self-renew. (go.jp)
  • She returned to UCSF to conduct translational research, and apply her combined expertise in stem cells and signaling on the study of brain neoplasms and human stem and progenitor cells. (stanford.edu)
  • Her research identified conserved mechanisms of cell fate determination in mammalian brain progenitors and led to a paradigm shift in understanding how brain progenitor cells self-renew and differentiate. (stanford.edu)
  • Tumor cell hierarchies are poorly understood, providing no explanation for why tumor cells with stem-like, progenitor-like, and differentiated features co-exist and interact with normal brain cells and immune-infiltrating cells within a single tumor entity, and how this heterogeneity relates to the lack of active immune infiltration. (stanford.edu)
  • Figure 1 VCAM-1 + macrophages guide hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell to sites of definitive hematopoiesis. (amegroups.org)
  • Based on the extensive evidence linking the Notch pathway to stem and progenitor cells in a variety of tissues, we have chosen to mark these cells by the expression of the four Notch receptors. (stemcells-live.fr)
  • Macrophages that differentiate from monocytes in the adult bone marrow are distinguished from tissue resident macrophages (e.g., alveolar macrophages, glial cells) that originally derive from fetal yolk sac progenitor cells or monocytes from the fetal liver ( Hoeffel and Ginhoux, 2018 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • MoDCs are also distinct in origin from conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) that are derived from a common dendritic cell progenitor (CDP). (frontiersin.org)
  • Monocytes can develop from either a granulocyte-monocyte progenitor (GMP) or a monocyte-dendritic cell progenitor (MDP). (frontiersin.org)
  • Common myeloid progenitor (CMP), granulocyte progenitor (GP), monocyte-committed progenitor (MP), common monocyte progenitor (cMoP), common dendritic cell progenitor (CDP), conventional dendritic cell (cDC), plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC). (frontiersin.org)
  • Basal p21 controls population heterogeneity in cycling and quiescent cell-cycle states. (colorado.edu)
  • Even with only a few hundred genes retained, this is more than enough in theory to characterize any possible number of cell states or arbitrarily complex dynamical processes. (biorxiv.org)
  • Herein, we developed an insilico computational method incorporating bulk and single-cell transcriptome profiling to characterize macrophage heterogeneity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Published in the journal Genes & Development , the study shows that breast cancer cells expressing mainly CD44s have increased metastatic behavior and resistance to therapy, while those expressing CD44v do not associate with these behaviors but do present increased cell proliferation. (sciencedaily.com)
  • But when they switch to CD44v, they have fewer cancer stem cell properties but are engaged in proliferation. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Projects in the lab range from regulation of the cell cycle, to sensor and tool development, to more translational projects looking at the misregulated proliferation of cancer cells. (colorado.edu)
  • Notably, as in vitro experiments indicated, TAM-derived HBEGF promoted proliferation and invasion of the pancreatic cancer cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, the proliferation of Th17 cells and Th17‑associated cytokines, including interleukin (IL)17, IL23 and RAR‑related orphan receptor γt, was analyzed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • While macrophages were reported to act as one of the cells in LUAD, enrichment analysis of macrophage marker genes revealed the important role of macrophages in the activation of neutrophils. (aging-us.com)
  • During this first wave, small number of myeloid cells (e.g., primitive monocytes/macrophages and megakaryocytes) are also generated. (amegroups.org)
  • and the RBI cells are derived from the lateral mesoderm of the zebrafish head and differentiate into macrophages ( 4 - 8 ). (amegroups.org)
  • Subset of macrophages expressing ICAM-1 migrate to the sites of definitive hematopoiesis in AGM and CHT to recruit hematopoietic stem cells and initiate neonatal hematopoiesis and guide them further to sites of adult and definitive hematopoiesis in kidneys and thymus. (amegroups.org)
  • Monocytes and their derivatives, including macrophages and dendritic cells, play diverse roles in the response to fungal pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
  • Upon entering affected tissues, classical monocytes can further differentiate into macrophages and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). (frontiersin.org)
  • Classical "inflammatory" monocytes can give rise to non-classical "patrolling" monocytes or further differentiate into macrophages or monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). (frontiersin.org)
  • Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal disease harboring significant microenvironment heterogeneity, especially for the macrophages. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dimensionality reduction classified seven clusters within the myeloid cells wherein five subsets of macrophages were characterized by diverse cell states and functionality. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Further, we uncovered several ligand-receptor pairs lining tumor cells and macrophages. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, next-generation sequencing, especially single-cell RNA sequencing is a possible option for the analysis of detailed cell population subtypes of LUAD from bulk tissue samples at single cell level [ 10 , 11 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • We aim to address this gap in our knowledge, with the overarching goal of engineering specific subtypes of ECs (e.g. lymphatic ECs, liver ECs, brain ECs) from stem cells in vitro. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In recent years, our work has explored the impact that lineage history has on the terminal fate and function of subtypes of ECs (Stone and Stainier, Dev Cell, 2019, Lupu*, et al. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Understanding this phenomenon is important, as it will allow us to engineer subtypes of ECs from stem cells in a dish. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Then, we will discuss several principles that govern macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis), including the existence of redundant recognition mechanisms ("find-me" and "eat-me") that lead to a tight coupling between apoptosis and phagocytosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • The mechanisms for cell fate decisions in the human brain are largely unknown. (stanford.edu)
  • By using patient-derived cells from brain surgeries, we investigate cell fate decision mechanisms in the normal brain and in brain malignancies. (stanford.edu)
  • These studies will provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms controlling the maintenance, repair and regeneration of tissues, the basis for the development of effective therapeutic applications of stem cells in regenerative medicine. (stemcells-live.fr)
  • In some instances, fungi have developed mechanisms to evade the consequences of monocyte activation and subvert these cells to promote disease. (frontiersin.org)
  • In order to develop better vaccines and T cell-based therapies, we need to understand how CD8 T cells differentiate in different viral contexts, and what mechanisms regulate their fate and functional capacity. (emory.edu)
  • Finally, we investigated the basic mechanisms of immune dysfunction during chronic infection, when antigen is never cleared and classical memory CD8 T cells do not develop. (emory.edu)
  • Insight into the mechanisms and pathophysiology of breast cancer brain metastasis have long relied on the use of immortalized cell lines that have been injected intracardially into the left ventricle of the mouse heart in order to selectively grow tumours within the brain. (biorxiv.org)
  • These novel BM-PDXs retained intratumoural heterogeneity and metastatic potential, providing a clinically relevant model to study mechanisms of brain metastatic colonization and slower progression to allow for therapeutic testing. (biorxiv.org)
  • However, little is known about EC heterogeneity in hematopoietic tissues. (go.jp)
  • The second wave, referred to as definitive hematopoiesis, temporarily occurs in the fetal liver and transitions to the bone marrow and thymus, where multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) contribute to the generation of all blood lineages ( 1 - 3 ). (amegroups.org)
  • All of these fungi can cause invasive disease in a wide-spectrum of immunocompromised patients, such as those with genetic immunodeficiencies, HIV/AIDS, cancer, solid organ, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, autoimmune diseases, immunosuppressive treatments, and other predisposing states like diabetes and pregnancy. (frontiersin.org)
  • The production of blood cells, hematopoiesis, is maintained by a small number of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that have the capacity to differentiate into all hematopoietic lineages, and at the same time self-renew to maintain the HSC pool. (lu.se)
  • Our data indicate that Rho-GTPase signalling coordinates energy metabolism with cytoskeleton remodelling to regulate endothelial cell motility. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 4: Single-cell imaging of lactate production reveals RhoA drives endothelial cell glycolysis, which is necessary for contractions. (nature.com)
  • Laminar shear stress inhibits endothelial cell metabolism via KLF2-mediated repression of PFKFB3. (nature.com)
  • van Nieuw Amerongen, G. P., Koolwijk, P., Versteilen, A. & van Hinsbergh, V. W. Involvement of RhoA/Rho kinase signaling in VEGF-induced endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis in vitro. (nature.com)
  • Furthermore, recent single-cell RNA sequencing profiling of the human lung by others has also identified a similar endothelial cell population, underscoring the relevance of this research to human diseases. (northwestern.edu)
  • Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are promising candidate cell sources for regenerative medicine. (jci.org)
  • Our results suggest that caution should be exercised before assuming that hiPSCs occupy a pluripotent state equivalent to that of hESCs, particularly when producing differentiated cells for regenerative medicine aims. (jci.org)
  • Microglial phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) is at the core of the brain regenerative response. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our research is focused on the in vivo study of normal and malignant stem cells during development and tissue homeostasis in vivo in three dynamic epithelial tissues, the intestine, the mammary gland and the prostate. (stemcells-live.fr)
  • Our main experimental approach is based on lineage-tracing studies, to genetically label stem cells and follow their lineages and behavior in vivo during development, tissue remodeling and regeneration and in tumors. (stemcells-live.fr)
  • Transcription factor GATA4-targeted compounds that have previously shown in vivo efficacy in cardiac injury models were tested for stage-specific activation of atrial and ventricular reporter genes in differentiating pluripotent stem cells using a dual reporter assay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, we apply systems biology approaches, such as proteomics, metabolomics, single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), CRISPR screening and integrative network analysis, to reconstruct metabolic signaling circuits and identify new therapeutic targets. (stjude.org)
  • Understand the general concepts about stem cell biology, emerging concepts in the field of HSC biology, niche components, and regulation. (ebmt.org)
  • We recently used a proteomic-based screen to identify a novel mitotic complex including the membrane-associated Annexin A1 (ANXA1) protein that interacts with and regulates cortical recruitment of the LGN spindle orientation complex in mitotic mammary epithelial cells. (southampton.ac.uk)
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2014.02.015 epithelial cells and airway smooth muscle cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Cancer cells expressing high levels of CD44s have properties of cancer stem cells, they tend to be metastatic or recurrent and to survive treatment. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Wang H , Han G , Chen J , . Heterogeneity of tumor immune microenvironment in malignant and metastatic change in LUAD is revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. (aging-us.com)
  • Although several studies revealed the important role of immune cells and related marker genes impact on LUAD prognosis and process, a comprehensive understanding of TIME malignant and metastatic change in LUAD is still limited. (aging-us.com)
  • Therefore, our findings are keys to understanding how a lineage-dependent cue regulates EC heterogeneity in future studies. (go.jp)
  • Not only were stem-like CD8 T cells maintained following PD-1 blockade, but they actually increased their self-renewal in an mTOR-dependent manner, indicating that the PD-1 inhibitory pathway also regulates this process. (emory.edu)
  • Despite the heterogeneity of the studies, some evidence suggests that ridge preservation procedures are efficient in limiting the postextraction dimensional loss of the ridge and are accompanied by a different degree of bone regeneration, with varied amounts of residual graft material particles. (bvsalud.org)
  • Gerlinger, M. & Swanton, C. How Darwinian models inform therapeutic failure initiated by clonal heterogeneity in cancer medicine. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 2: MSI tumors show karyotype heterogeneity. (nature.com)
  • However, these defects fail to explain the incredible heterogeneity and immune suppression observed in malignant brain tumors, two major hurdles to their treatment, which remains mostly palliative. (stanford.edu)
  • Defects in cell fate control could explain many key defects present in brain tumors Of special emphasis, we study the establishment of cell fates within normal hierarchical brain lineages for comparison to the dysregulated cell-fate hierarchies seen in brain tumors. (stanford.edu)
  • The results revealed that the prevalence of Th17 cells in patients with LSCC was elevated in their primary tumors, as well as in peripheral blood, compared with that in healthy controls. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The present study revealed that patients with LSCC have elevated levels of Th17 cells in their primary tumors and peripheral blood compared with those in healthy controls. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Nat Cell Biol 24:1642-1654, 2022 (highlighted by News and Views "PTEN checkMAITs type-17 innate-like T cells" in the same issue). (stjude.org)
  • Cell Mol Immunol 19:299-302, 2022. (stjude.org)
  • These tissues are particularly suited for our studies, because they are harbor highly active stem cells, to ensure extremely rapid and continuous cell renewal in the case of the intestinal epithelium and to guarantee remarkable tissue remodeling upon hormonal stimulation in the case of the mammary gland and the prostate following castration. (stemcells-live.fr)
  • To achieve this goal, we combine the analysis of Notch-specific cell lineages with functional studies to determine and manipulate the fate of cells associated with Notch activity in both normal and cancer tissues. (stemcells-live.fr)
  • For example, brain ECs form tight junctions that prevent leakage of fluid, toxins and immune cells into brain tissue, whereas lymphatic ECs form specialised junctions that facilitate immune cell clearance and interstitial fluid absorption from tissues. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that have a critical role in the maintenance of skeletal tissues such as bone, cartilage, and the fat in bone marrow. (ijbs.com)
  • These models are more predictive of clinical outcomes and are superior to cell lines for preclinical drug evaluation and therapeutic strategies. (biorxiv.org)
  • Optimal therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs require an in-depth understanding of their origins, fates, and dynamics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present study investigated the expression of T helper (Th)17 cytokines in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and their clinical significance in providing new therapeutic insights. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In conclusion, Th17 cells have a substantial impact on the carcinogenesis of LSCCs, and could serve as a potential therapeutic target to modulate the anti‑tumor response in these carcinomas. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Investigate the role for super-enhancers in defining LSC heterogeneity and their potential as therapeutic targets for LSCs. (lu.se)
  • HSPCs are multipotent cells that can self-renew and differentiate to give rise to all blood cell lineages. (go.jp)
  • Proper cell fate decisions by neuroglia stem cells are critical for growing the cell lineages that form the brain during development and to maintain adult brain homeostasis. (stanford.edu)
  • It has been confirmed that naïve (uncommitted) CD4 + T cells can be induced to different specific lineages according to the local cytokine, including towards T helper (Th)1, Th2, Th17 and T regulatory (Treg) cells ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The quiescent muscle stem cell (QSC) pool is heterogeneous and generally characterized by the presence and levels of intrinsic myogenic transcription factors. (sciety.org)
  • Poikilosis indicates that all systems display intrinsic heterogeneity, which is a normal state. (researchsquare.com)
  • They also serve as specialized vascular niches that provide instructive signals to tissue-specific stem cells or parenchymal cells for tissue formation and repair. (go.jp)
  • It is becoming apparent that ECs acquire great specialization and heterogeneity to execute tissue-specific functions. (go.jp)
  • Firstly, the transcriptome landscape of heterogeneous cell types in LUAD was analyzed and memory T cells, NK cells, and helper T cells were revealed to be the common immune cells in tumor, normal, and metastasis tissue, respectively. (aging-us.com)
  • The identification of heterogenous distribution of factors across the myofiber is an important contribution for dissecting how muscle stem cell diversity in a tissue is achieved. (sciety.org)
  • These cells are critical for normal organ function and tissue repair, and are implicated in a range of pathologies that include heart disease, cancer and Alzheimer's. (ox.ac.uk)
  • 5.2 Tissue-resident memory cells. (emory.edu)
  • The prevalence of Th17 cells and their receptors in patients with LSCC was studied using immunohistochemical analysis via tissue microarray technology. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • We propose a computational model of the embryonic stem cell network, in which a core set of transcription factors (TFs) interact with each other and are induced by external factors. (lu.se)
  • Burst-Like Transcription of Mutant and Wildtype MYH7-Alleles as Possible Origin of Cell-to-Cell Contractile Imbalance in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. (crossref.org)
  • Transcription factor heterogeneity in pluripotent stem cells: a stochastic advantage. (helmholtzresearchschool-epigenetics.org)
  • A computational approach can be used as a framework to explore the dynamics of a simplified network of the ESC with the aim to understand how stem cells differentiate and also how they can be reprogrammed from somatic cells. (lu.se)
  • A stochastic treatment of the network dynamics suggests that NANOG heterogeneity is the deciding factor for the stem cell fate. (lu.se)
  • A stochastic epigenetic switch controls the dynamics of T-cell lineage commitment. (crossref.org)
  • CellPhoneDB algorithm was applied to infer macrophage-tumor interaction networks, whereas pseudotime trajectory for dissecting cell evolution and dynamics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The project aims to address the dynamics and functional role of 3D genome interactions of regulatory regions, in cell fate decision in the early mouse embryo. (helmholtzresearchschool-epigenetics.org)
  • 2014). Chromatin dynamics in the regulation of cell fate allocation during early mammalian embryogenesis. (helmholtzresearchschool-epigenetics.org)
  • In this study, single-cell sequencing datasets of LUAD were utilized to depict the transcriptome characteristic of LUAD based on the bioinformatic method. (aging-us.com)
  • In this study, we collected single-cell sequencing datasets of LUAD and applied an integrated bioinformatic method to depict the transcriptome characteristic of LUAD in normal, tumoral, and metastasis condition. (aging-us.com)
  • Smart-seq2 for sensitive full-length transcriptome profiling in single cells. (crossref.org)
  • Single-cell motility is spatially heterogeneous and driven by metabolic energy. (nature.com)
  • Here, we use single-cell metabolic imaging to measure glycolysis in individual endothelial cells with genetically encoded biosensors capable of deciphering metabolic heterogeneity at subcellular resolution. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 1: Single-cell LPR distinguishes metabolically heterogeneous subpopulations. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 3: Single-cell metabolism links migratory cell phenotypes to glycolysis states. (nature.com)
  • However, despite the common ability of hiPSCs and hESCs to differentiate into all 3 germ layers, their functional equivalence at the single cell level remains to be demonstrated. (jci.org)
  • Single-cell karyotype sequencing confirmed heterogeneity of copy number alterations in tumor PDOs and showed that monoclonal lines evolved novel karyotypes over time in vitro. (nature.com)
  • Fig. 4: Single-cell genome sequencing reveals karyotype heterogeneity in tumor PDOs. (nature.com)
  • The accession number for the single-cell and bulk whole-genome sequencing is PRJEB27084 (ENA repository). (nature.com)
  • In this study, single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses show that islet1 + -derived ECs express a set of genes that reflects their unique origin even as they become heterogeneous. (go.jp)
  • Mar. 17, 2023 The ability of a cell to divide, to proliferate, is essential for life and gives rise to the formation of complex organisms from a single cell. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Previous researchers had conducted a comprehensive analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data of LUAD and identified prognostic signatures based on B cells [ 12 ] and natural killer cells [ 13 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • In this GEN webinar, we will hear how Chromium Connect from 10x Genomics was designed to simplify single-cell library prep workflows and increase laboratory productivity. (genengnews.com)
  • Benchmarking Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Protocols for Cell Atlas Projects. (crossref.org)
  • â ³Nano-metamaterialsâ ³, rationally designed novel class metamaterials with multilevel microarchitectures and both characteristic sizes and whole sizes at the nanoscale, are introduced into the area of drug delivery system (DDS), and the relationship between release profile and treatment efficacy at the single-cell level is revealed for the first time. (bvsalud.org)
  • It is first demonstrated that nano-metamaterials of well-defined microstructures can modulate drug release profile at the single cell level, which in turn alters the downstream biochemical reactions and subsequent cell death modalities. (bvsalud.org)
  • The project will use a combination of embryological, 3D imaging, and genomics approaches including single cell dissection and analyses, 3D-FISH, ATACseq and RNAseq both in embryos (Torres-Padilla lab in Munich) as well as in ESCs through a collaboration with the Chambers lab. (helmholtzresearchschool-epigenetics.org)
  • This session will present the emerging single-cell technologies in transcriptomics and epigenomics, data analysis pipeline, and the biological significance of these data. (asip.org)
  • In the healthy brain, neuroglia stem cells generate progenitors, which in turn give rise to differentiating cells that will eventually acquire their final functional state. (stanford.edu)
  • Furthermore, it is unknown whether endogenous progenitors/stromal cells in the adult human heart could be chemically induced to generate functional atrial or ventricular heart muscle to treat adult heart diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Central to this is the transient increase in H3K4-trimethylation at developmental genes during G1, thereby creating a 'window of opportunity' for cell-fate specification. (researchgate.net)
  • The team published their findings in the journal Developmental Cell . (go.jp)
  • Developmental Cell. (lu.se)
  • One reason for this phenomenon may be the fascinating yet terrifying heterogeneity of these malignancies which makes it difficult to come up with a universal solution to cure and prevent the wide variety of complex aberrations that ultimately result in tumorigenesis. (dkfz.de)
  • 95% of all laryngeal malignancies are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Abstract title:Stem cells from the mammalian blastocyst-How similar are mouse and human? (csh-asia.org)
  • From the abstract: 'Multicancer early detection (MCED) blood tests can detect a cancer signal from circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA). (cdc.gov)
  • Explore the heterogeneity of HSCs and how niche signals influence their fate decisions, including myeloid and lymphoid lineage commitment. (ebmt.org)
  • These HSCs are primarily derived from endothelial cells within the ventral wall of the dorsal aorta. (amegroups.org)
  • He showed that the RING finger domain protein Seven in Absentia is essential for multipotent eye cells to adopt an R7 photoreceptor cell fate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Plenty of research had reported that the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) impacts cancer progression and metastases, as well as affects patient prognoses and outcomes [ 6 , 7 ], which emphasizes the important role of immune cells, vital components of the tumor microenvironment, impacting on patient survival and tumor progression [ 8 , 9 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Embryonic stem cells (ESC) have the capacity to self-renew and remain pluripotent, while continuously providing a source of a variety of differentiated cell types. (lu.se)
  • Thus, understanding the regulation of such cell fate allocation will provide key insights on the origin of pluripotency and embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which derive from the inner cell mass. (helmholtzresearchschool-epigenetics.org)
  • Our laboratory has made important discoveries in understanding the principle of metabolic reprogramming for immune cell fate, state and tolerance. (stjude.org)
  • Chi H . Immunometabolism at the intersection of metabolic signaling, cell fate, and systems immunology. (stjude.org)
  • E6 and Metabolic syndrome and risks of colon and rectal renal cell carcinoma. (who.int)
  • Studying these processes in single cells reveals remarkable cell-to-cell variability in response to stimuli, even among genetically identical cells in a uniform environment. (colorado.edu)
  • Understand the processes involved in stem cell transplant. (ebmt.org)
  • In this webinar, Dr. Regan will discuss the use of organoid technologies to study organogenesis and cell fate determination in the postnatal mammary gland. (corning.com)
  • NOD/SCID/ILIIrg -/- (n=5) mice received injections of 1×10 6 iron-labeled F2-7 cells into the fourth mammary fat pad (MFP). (biorxiv.org)
  • Carthew and fellow graduate student Lewis Chodosh decided to adopt this mechanism for their joint publication in Cell, inspired by its use by Andrew Fire and Mark Samuels. (wikipedia.org)
  • During two years as an instructor and head of a research group in Munich, Germany, Dr. Petritsch and her team showed that cell fate determinants use a bimodal mechanism (diffusion and active capturing) for proper intracellular location. (stanford.edu)
  • They also provide the proliferative burst of effector CD8 T cells after PD-1 directed immunotherapy. (emory.edu)
  • Flow cytometry was used to investigate the percentage of Th17 and Th1 cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The link between stem cells and cancer cells as well as the strategy to take advantage of the body's immune system to better understand and tackle this disease is especially intriguing to me. (dkfz.de)
  • Next, the results of cell-cell communication analysis suggested that pericytes interact with broad immune cells via MDK-NCL pathways in metastasis samples, MIF-(CD74+CXCR4) and MIF-(CD74+CC44) interaction especially occurred between different cell types in tumor and normal samples. (aging-us.com)
  • Then, multivariate analysis was performed to demonstrate that the signature was an independent prognostic factor and highly correlated with immune-cell infiltrations and immune-suppressive states. (aging-us.com)
  • After an initial encounter with a pathogen, the adaptive immune system creates immune cells that remember the antigens on the pathogen and allow the body to rapidly mount a response during future encounters. (cshlpress.com)
  • We hypothesize that these intracellular stores enable rapid recruitment of CD8 T cells following an immune insult. (emory.edu)
  • We conclude that ongoing CIN is common in colorectal cancer organoids, and propose that CIN levels and the tolerance for mitotic errors shape aneuploidy landscapes and karyotype heterogeneity. (nature.com)
  • Pan-cancer analysis of the extent and consequences of intratumor heterogeneity. (nature.com)
  • Researchers have discovered that breast cancer stem cells can shift between cell surface molecules CD44s and CD44v via alternative splicing and consequently alter their ability to survive. (sciencedaily.com)
  • One of the main obstacles to successfully treating breast cancer is the cells' ability to change in ways that make them resistant to treatment. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Taking a step in that direction, a team led by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine has discovered that breast cancer cells can shift between two forms of the cell surface molecule CD44, CD44s and CD44v. (sciencedaily.com)
  • CD44 is a well-known marker of cancer stem cells and one that is extensively studied in the Cheng lab. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Cheng and her colleagues investigated whether there was a difference in the two forms of CD44 expressed in human breast cancer cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Our findings support that cancer cells can use different forms of CD44 to survive and that they also can switch from one form of CD44 to the other," said Cheng. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The researchers envision that by manipulating the levels of the two forms of CD44, it might be possible to change the cancer cell properties in ways that may enhance the cancer's susceptibility to treatment. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Our long-term goal is to understand the normal mechanistic functioning of signaling pathways, to understand how these signals go awry in cancer, and eventually to alter the fate of individual cells. (colorado.edu)
  • Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common type of non-small cell lung cancer and accounts for approximately 40% of all lung cancer cases. (aging-us.com)
  • We also dissect the involvement of Notch in stem cell homeostasis and in cancer initiation. (stemcells-live.fr)
  • Imaging of PDX cells provides a powerful system to better develop personalized therapies targeting breast cancer brain metastasis. (biorxiv.org)
  • Interleukin (IL)17-producing Th17 cells, which are different from Th1 and Th2 cells, have been described as serving critical roles in inflammation and autoimmune diseases, as well as in cancer development ( 8 - 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Cancer Lett, 300:215-224.doi:10.1016/j. squamous cell carcinoma in north-eastern Iran. (who.int)
  • 99:209 -215.doi:10.1007/s11060 - 010 - 0129 -5 cell carcinoma-a population-based study in with and without cervical cancer in Tbilisi, Georgia. (who.int)
  • Furthermore, the model (iv) provides a framework for reprogramming from somatic cells and conveys an understanding of reprogramming efficiency as a function of OCT4 over-expression. (lu.se)
  • Research in my lab is focused on understanding how signaling events control cell fate. (colorado.edu)
  • Identifying and understanding acute complications after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT). (ebmt.org)
  • Define leukemic stem cell (LSCs) and identify therapy-insensitive cells in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). (lu.se)