Cell cycles determines cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

During cell growth and proliferation, ubiquitin plays an outsized role in promoting progression through the cell cycle. (intechopen.com)
Notably, the G1/S boundary represents a major barrier to cell proliferation and is universally dysfunctional in cancer cells, allowing for the unbridled proliferation observed in malignancy. (intechopen.com)
Numerous E3 ubiquitin ligases, which facilitate the ubiquitination of specific substrates, have been shown to control G1/S. In this chapter, we will discuss components in the ubiquitin proteasome system that are implicated in G1/S control, how these enzymes are interconnected, gaps in our current knowledge, and the potential role of these pathways in the cancer cycle and disease proliferation. (intechopen.com)
Failure of mammalian cells to regulate their proliferation cycle leads to cancer. (nih.gov)
An MTT assay was used to assess cell proliferation. (spandidos-publications.com)
In-depth study of small non-coding RNA molecules confirmed that microRNA (miR) has an important regulatory role in cell proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, apoptosis and development processes ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Under in vitro conditions, changes in the proliferation and invasion ability were detected in myeloma cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
It is a complex and dynamic process to form a continuous construct via the cells' adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition on a scaffold. (dovepress.com)
Proliferation-linked shifts in eligibility of T-cell progenitors, population dynamics, DN1 cells to undergo specification thus control kinetics of T-cell generation. (lu.se)

Stem cells resembling totipotent blastomeres from 2-cell stage embryos can arise spontaneously in mouse embryonic stem cell cultures and also can be induced to arise more frequently in vitro through down-regulation of the chromatin assembly activity of CAF-1. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, overexpression of USP19 increased cell invasiveness both in vitro and in vivo, further validating our findings. (nature.com)
Cell cycle analysis of in vitro cultured goral (Naemorhedus caudatus) adult skin fibroblasts. (druglib.com)
Stem cell senescence in the in vitro expansion stage is an essential concern in clinical procedures of cell therapy. (magiran.com)
To enhance the osteogenic potential of stem cell sheet, we fabricated bone morphogenetic protein 2 ( BMP-2 ) gene-engineered cell sheet using a complex of polyethylenimine-alginate (PEI-al) nanocomposites plus human BMP-2 complementary(c)DNA plasmid, and studied its osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo. (dovepress.com)
The expression of osteogenesis-related gene was increased, which demonstrated that released BMP-2 could effectively induce the cell sheet osteogenic differentiation in vitro. (dovepress.com)
Cadi, R. dc.description.abstract: Background: The success of in vitro-fertilization (IVF) cycles is determined in large part by the quality of embryo cleavage, which in turn, is dependent on the quality of the embryo culture media (CM). Many factors can influence the quality of embryo CM, one of which is the levels of Cell Free Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (who.int)

Potency is also described as the gene activation potential within a cell, which like a continuum, begins with totipotency to designate a cell with the most differentiation potential, pluripotency, multipotency, oligopotency, and finally unipotency. (wikipedia.org)
In the spectrum of cell potency, totipotency represents the cell with the greatest differentiation potential, being able to differentiate into any embryonic cell, as well as any extraembryonic cell. (wikipedia.org)

Our investigation indicates that most of these studies examined endothelial progenitor cells, hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells, and a few others were about less-discussed types of stem cells such as cardiac stem cells, myeloblasts, and induced pluripotent stem cells. (magiran.com)
PEI-al nanocomposites carrying BMP-2 gene could efficiently transfect bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. (dovepress.com)
Our results suggested that PEI-al nanocomposites efficiently deliver the BMP-2 gene to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and that BMP-2 gene-engineered cell sheet is an effective way for promoting bone regeneration. (dovepress.com)

In the past, our research focused on viral genomes as models for DNA replication in mammalian cell nuclei. (nih.gov)

Downloaded from periodic thymic colonization by progenitor cells guarantees stage. (lu.se)

It can thus be concluded that beta-ME, cysteine and DMSO at certain concentrations can synchronize the cell cycle effectively, which could have a positive impact on somatic cell nuclear transfer in the goral. (druglib.com)
However, osmolality was not found to be a confounding factor as increased frequencies of MNBN cells were observed at concentrations below where any marked osmolality shifts were apparent. (europa.eu)
Plaque titrations were con- probe concentrations were determined by cross-titration of ducted by standard methods (14). (cdc.gov)

Tumor cell dissemination in cancer patients is associated with a significant reduction in their survival and quality of life. (nature.com)
The ubiquitination pathway plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis both in normal and stressed conditions and its dysregulation has been associated with malignant transformation and invasive potential of tumor cells, thus highlighting its value as a potential therapeutic target. (nature.com)
In order to identify novel molecular targets of tumor cell migration and invasion we performed a genetic screen with an shRNA library against ubiquitination pathway-related genes. (nature.com)
We extended our investigation in vivo and confirmed that mice injected with USP19 depleted cells display increased tumor-free survival, as well as a delay in the onset of the tumor formation and a significant reduction in the appearance of metastatic foci, indicating that tumor cell invasion and dissemination is impaired. (nature.com)
More importantly, we demonstrated that USP19 catalytic activity is important for the control of tumor cell migration and invasion, and that its molecular mechanism of action involves LRP6, a Wnt co-receptor. (nature.com)
Alteration or exacerbation of malignant tumor cell migration and dissemination is the principal cause of death due to solid tumors 5 . (nature.com)
Safety dosimetry revealed kidney doses of approximately 0.75 Gy/GBq, red marrow doses of 0.03 Gy/GBq, and salivary gland doses of 1.4 Gy/GBq, irrespective of tumor burden and consistent on subsequent cycles. (snmjournals.org)
Mean tumor-absorbed dose ranged from 6 to 22 Gy/GBq during cycle 1. (snmjournals.org)
Therefore, it seems more promising that a radioactive PSMA ligand, which is directly internalized into tumor cells, will be effective in delivering high doses for systemic endoradiotherapy. (snmjournals.org)
The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of sprouty homolog 2 (SPRY2) gene regulation by miR-21 on the occurrence, development and tumor metastasis in multiple myeloma (MM). The miR‑21 expression lentiviral vector (LV)‑anti‑miR‑21 and a liposome transfection method were used to screen MM cell lines with stable silent SPRY2. (spandidos-publications.com)
We searched the databases such as EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science with the keywords "stem cell," "progenitor cell," "satellite," "senescence" and excluded the keywords "cancer," "tumor," "malignancy" and "carcinoma" until June 2020. (magiran.com)
The International Germ Cell Cancer Consensus Group (IGCCCG) developed a risk classification for advanced nonseminoma testicular cancer based on identifying clinically independent prognostic features, including extent of disease and levels of serum tumor markers. (medscape.com)

Induced pluripotent stem cells, commonly abbreviated as iPS cells or iPSCs, are a type of pluripotent stem cell artificially derived from a non-pluripotent cell, typically an adult somatic cell, by inducing a "forced" expression of certain genes and transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)
These transcription factors play a key role in determining the state of these cells and also highlights the fact that these somatic cells do preserve the same genetic information as early embryonic cells. (wikipedia.org)

To identify novel molecular targets within the ubiquitination pathway that positively regulate migration we conducted a loss-of-function genetic screen using an epithelial cell line derived from human triple-negative breast cancer (MDAMB231) infected with a pooled shRNA interference library. (nature.com)
Cell surface sensors on immune cells that ordinarily recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns produced by infectious agents may also interact with DAMPs, leading to the activation of signaling pathways resulting in a nonpathogen-induced 'sterile' inflammatory response. (nature.com)
My laboratory has developed new technologies and applied them towards understanding the molecular biology and enzymology of DNA replication in animal cells and viruses (SV40, polyomavirus, papillomavirus, and herpes simplex virus), and at the beginning of animal development (mouse preimplantation embryos and frog eggs). (nih.gov)

Adult T‐cell leukaemia/lymphoma in Brazil: A rare disease or rarely diagnosed? (bvsalud.org)
Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATL), caused by human risk of 4% (Iwanaga et al. (bvsalud.org)
ATL, Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma. (bvsalud.org)

Although treatment strategies changed from traditional chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to novel targeted drug therapy, the outcome was not improved ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

In fact, amplification of genes by over replication of certain regions of DNA is one of the primary mechanisms by which cancer cells become resistant to drug therapy. (nih.gov)

From our screen, we identified the Ubiquitin-specific protease 19 (USP19) as a candidate gene associated with the regulation of cell migration. (nature.com)
Recently, stem cell- and gene-based therapy has been applied in BTE and achieved some good clinical results. (dovepress.com)

Immune cell responses induced by DAMPs may include cytokine and chemokine release to activate inflammatory cells such as neutrophils and macrophages. (nature.com)
most of the neutrophils in the body are contained in the bone marrow, either as mitotically active (one third) or postmitotic mature cells (two thirds). (medscape.com)
A common reference range for the absolute neutrophil count (ANC), which is calculated on the basis of the percentage of neutrophils in the white blood cell count (see the Absolute Neutrophil Count calculator) is 2500-8000/µL. (medscape.com)

However, cell pluripotency is a continuum, ranging from the completely pluripotent cell that can form every cell of the embryo proper, e.g., embryonic stem cells and iPSCs, to the incompletely or partially pluripotent cell that can form cells of all three germ layers but that may not exhibit all the characteristics of completely pluripotent cells. (wikipedia.org)
dc.title: Cell-free DNA in Embryo Culture Media as Non-invasive Biomarker of the Quality of Embryo Cleavage dc.contributor.author: Jamil, M. (who.int)
Understanding the association between Cell-free DNA levels in embryo CM and the quality of embryo cleavage could help improve the quality of IVF techniques. (who.int)
Methods: This prospective study was conducted with 96 spent CM from patients undergoing IVF cycle, in order to determine relationships of Cell-free DNA levels in embryo CM with embryo cleavage quality on day 3. (who.int)

The inner cell mass, the source of embryonic stem cells, becomes pluripotent. (wikipedia.org)
These induced cells exhibit similar traits to those of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) but do not require the use of embryos. (wikipedia.org)
Traditional BTE involves three-dimensional biodegradable scaffolds, stem cells, and osteoinductive growth factors. (dovepress.com)

A scratch test/wound healing assay was used to detect the cell migration ability. (spandidos-publications.com)
A Transwell assay was used to detect the cell invasion ability. (spandidos-publications.com)

Synchronous cleavage was repeated for 9 cycles about every 27 min at 20°C after the first cleavage. (bioone.org)

Cell potency is a cell's ability to differentiate into other cell types. (wikipedia.org)
The more cell types a cell can differentiate into, the greater its potency. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, pluripotent cells can only differentiate into embryonic cells. (wikipedia.org)
In 2011, research revealed that cells may differentiate not into a fully totipotent cell, but instead into a "complex cellular variation" of totipotency. (wikipedia.org)
After reaching a 16-cell stage, the totipotent cells of the morula differentiate into cells that will eventually become either the blastocyst's Inner cell mass or the outer trophoblasts. (wikipedia.org)

10 9 apoptotic events occurring per day in human adult tissues, it is surprisingly difficult to histologically detect apoptotic cells due to the rapid recognition and clearance of apoptotic cells. (nature.com)
The present study was undertaken to examine cell cycle characteristics of endangered Goral (CITES Appendix I) adult skin fibroblasts. (druglib.com)
Accepted: 24 October 2012 cell yield data, our models require that adult DN1 cells divide multiple times before becoming competent to progress into DN2 stage. (lu.se)

Work with zebrafish and mammals suggest a further interplay between miRNA and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in determining development differences. (wikipedia.org)
Cell motility is a complex process that requires post-translational regulation of a wide variety of proteins. (nature.com)
We identified 231 proteins released from actomyosin contraction-dependent blebs and apoptotic bodies by adapted SILAC (stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture) combined with mass spectrometry analysis. (nature.com)

Dying cells have been defined as apoptotic by distinguishing features, including cell contraction, nuclear fragmentation, blebbing, apoptotic body formation and maintenance of intact cellular membranes to prevent massive protein release and consequent inflammation. (nature.com)

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a type of malignant plasma cell and has a high incidence in malignant tumors of the blood system, accounting for ~2% of the total mortality of cancer ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Apoptosis allows for efficient and immunologically silent removal of damaged or superfluous cells in multicellular organisms. (nature.com)

Among the chemically treated group, beta-ME, cysteine and DMSO showed better results for synchronization of G(0) + G(1) phases than cycling, serum-starved and fully confluent groups. (druglib.com)

In the first hours after fertilization, this zygote divides into identical totipotent cells, which can later develop into any of the three germ layers of a human (endoderm, mesoderm, or ectoderm), or into cells of the placenta (cytotrophoblast or syncytiotrophoblast). (wikipedia.org)
In mouse primordial germ cells, genome-wide reprogramming leading to totipotency involves erasure of epigenetic imprints. (wikipedia.org)
This pathway entails erasure of CpG methylation (5mC) in primordial germ cells via the initial conversion of 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), a reaction driven by high levels of the ten-eleven dioxygenase enzymes TET-1 and TET-2. (wikipedia.org)

In addition to maintenance of membrane integrity, apoptotic cells can be discriminated from viable counterparts based on several morphological hallmarks, including cell contraction, nuclear condensation and fragmentation, and actomyosin contraction-dependent membrane blebbing and apoptotic body formation. (nature.com)
Opponent cells injected with Lucifer yellow restricted their dendrites to the ON stratum of the inner plexiform layer and provided sufficient membrane area (∼2.1 × 10 4 μm 2 ) to collect ∼3.9 × 10 3 bipolar synapses. (jneurosci.org)
The eyecup was cut radially and flattened onto a membrane filter with ganglion cells up. (jneurosci.org)

To further test the osteogenic potential of the cell sheet in vivo, enhanced green fluorescent protein or BMP-2-producing cell sheets were treated on the cranial bone defects. (dovepress.com)

totipotentia, "ability for all [things]") is the ability of a single cell to divide and produce all of the differentiated cells in an organism. (wikipedia.org)

In cell biology, pluripotency (Lat. (wikipedia.org)

Least significant difference (LSD) was used to determine variation among treatment groups. (druglib.com)

Experiment I focused on the effects of cycling, serum-starved, and fully confluent stages of Goral cells. (druglib.com)
In Experiments II and III, the effects of different antioxidants like beta-mercaptoethanol (beta-ME, 10 microM), cysteine (2 mM), and glutathione (2 mM) were examined after cells were fully confluent without serum starvation for 24 h and 4 h, respectively. (druglib.com)

Real‑time quantitative PCR and western blot analysis showed that in the MM cell lines with high endogenous miR‑21 expression (RPMI8226 and KM3), SPRY2 expression was significantly lower. (spandidos-publications.com)
Day 2 and day 3 CM corresponding to each one of the embryos was analyzed, by quantitative PCR, for estimation of Cell-free DNA levels. (who.int)

The human development model can be used to describe how totipotent cells arise. (wikipedia.org)
Human development begins when a sperm fertilizes an egg and the resulting fertilized egg creates a single totipotent cell, a zygote. (wikipedia.org)
After intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), 48 embryos were evaluated on day 3 of their development, according to their cell number. (who.int)

In particular, ubiquitin-mediated degradation is critically important at transition points where it provides directionality and irreversibility to the cell cycle, which is essential for maintaining genome integrity. (intechopen.com)

Cytogenetic analysis and cell-flow analysis of the aspirate may be indicated. (medscape.com)
Flow cytometry was used for analysis of cell cycle. (spandidos-publications.com)

The present study intended to establish MM cell lines with stably silenced SPRY2 using RNA interference technology. (spandidos-publications.com)

Organic extracts of all five coal types induced cell cycle delays. (cdc.gov)
These measurements, however, do not link the physiologically opponent cells to morphologically defined cell types. (jneurosci.org)

Approximately four days after fertilization and after several cycles of cell division, these totipotent cells begin to specialize. (wikipedia.org)
The M and S components of opponent cell receptive fields had approximately the same diameter. (jneurosci.org)

DN1 stage) T-cell progenitors. (lu.se)
In detail, thymus-settling progenitors enter the thymus and generate early T-cell progeni- tors (ETP/DN1 stage), which in turn give rise to DN2, DN3 and DN4 cells. (lu.se)

The light is scattered by particles (= cells) in the culture medium. (beckman.com)
The quantity of scattered light is proportional to the biomass concentration of the cell suspension culture. (beckman.com)
For cell culture, 10% FBS RPMI 1640 medium and DMEM culture medium (Hyclone, GE Healthcare, Little Chalfont, UK) were used. (spandidos-publications.com)
Assays on the cell culture showed that the genetically engineered cells released the BMP-2 for at least 14 days. (dovepress.com)

Thirty patients received 1-3 cycles of 177 Lu-PSMA-617. (snmjournals.org)
In testicular cancer patients who have undergone orchiectomy, markers are used to determine risk classification. (medscape.com)

The effects on cell cycling were determined. (cdc.gov)
In addition to the aging phenomenon, stem cell senescence has been investigated in various concepts such as cancer, adverse drug effects, and as a limiting factor in cell therapy. (magiran.com)

We identified the deubiquitinase USP19 and demonstrated that its silencing reduces the migratory and invasive potential of highly invasive breast cancer cell lines. (nature.com)
7 The goal of these processes is detection and removal of dead cells and associated debris to limit potential further damage. (nature.com)

This was then followed in 2007 by the successful induction of human iPSCs derived from human dermal fibroblasts using methods similar to those used for the induction of mouse cells. (wikipedia.org)

The results indicated that the BMP-2-producing cell sheet group was more efficient than other groups in promoting bone formation in the defect area. (dovepress.com)

as they undergo cell division. (lu.se)

Drugs that block DNA replication can arrest the spread of cancer cells and eliminate viral pathogens. (nih.gov)

Therefore, the overall goal of our work is to discover how DNA replication is regulated both in the large chromosomes of cells and in the "mini-chromosomes" of viruses and small extrachromosomal DNA molecules. (nih.gov)

106 mature cells per day. (lu.se)

The cell sheet was made by culturing the cells in medium containing vitamin C for 10 days. (dovepress.com)

We used isolated nuclei from virus infected cells supplemented with cytoplasm, and discovered that viral replicating chromosomes could continue replication in the absence of a nucleus. (nih.gov)
Biotech Europe GmbH, Freiburg, Germa- cation of the virus in cells heterozygous for ny) was used to extract genomic DNA the mutation proceeded at an intermediate from white blood cells following the lysis rate [ 5 ]. (who.int)
T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection has a expected to develop ATL. (bvsalud.org)

Blood cell count was checked every 2 wk after the first and every 4 wk after succeeding cycles. (snmjournals.org)
of red blood cells. (who.int)

Anatomy25

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