• The power of the thiol proteinases to cleave a multitude of substrates in response to calcium mineral activation allows their involvement in a variety of cell processes offering cell motility, sign transduction, apoptosis, cell differentiation and legislation of the cytoskeleton (3). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • 3. Buhrmann C, Mobasheri A, Matis U, Shakibaei M. Curcumin mediated suppression of nuclear factor-kappaB promotes chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in a high-density co-culture microenvironment. (arjunanatural.com)
  • We carried out mosaic analysis to elucidate the functions of dMyc in the germline and somatic cells of the ovary during oogenesis, a process that involves cell proliferation, differentiation and growth. (biologists.com)
  • Since their discovery in 1993, miRNAs have been described in all multicellular organisms and are associated with a vast breadth of biological functions, including cellular proliferation, cellular differentiation and immunity, as well as tissue remodeling and various human diseases, including cancer ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • NGF, which can bind to endogenous p75, did not induce differentiation but enhanced the EGF-induced response, leading to differentiation of almost all cells. (umassmed.edu)
  • Both NGF and a caspase inhibitor reduced apoptosis and, thereby, enhanced differentiation. (umassmed.edu)
  • These results demonstrate that TrkA kinase initiates differentiation, and p75 enhances differentiation by rescuing differentiating cells from apoptosis via the PI3K pathway. (umassmed.edu)
  • Even though both EGF and NGF are required for differentiation of LAN5/ET-R cells, only NGF is required for survival of the differentiated cells. (umassmed.edu)
  • Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway is a multifunctional cytokine and plays important roles in regulating cell proliferation, cell cycle, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis in a broad spectrum of tissues [ 12 ]. (degruyter.com)
  • Tax orchestrates multiple interactions with cellular transcription factors and activates transcription from the viral promoter and modulates the transcription or activity of numerous cellular genes involved in cell growth and differentiation, cell cycle control, and DNA repair [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is essential in skeletal muscle cell differentiation and in response to low nutrients mediates the inhibitory effect on skeletal myoblast differentiation which also involves 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). (thermofisher.com)
  • Epigenetic regulation of the host gene by accumulation of methylation and gene silencing nucleosomes reduces expression of intronic miRNA affecting. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alterations in gene sequence or expression can occur in the cell-signalling and regulatory pathways involved in cell-cycle control, apoptosis, proteosome regulation and angiogenesis. (bmj.com)
  • LncRNA is involved in regulation of various biological processes including EMT. (bvsalud.org)
  • The luciferase assay results demonstrated that HMGB1 does not regulate the p53 promoter directly but may affect the expression of p53 via its regulation on the MDM2 and the E2F1 promoters. (edu.hk)
  • PTEN encodes a protein kinase of the same name and functions as a tumor suppressor through regulation of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • Recent data suggest that the chemopreventive effects of these botanicals may, in part, be mediated through regulation of key cancer-related microRNAs (miRNA) and their downstream gene targets. (arjunanatural.com)
  • Herein, we describe the epigenetic regulation of miR-148a and its impact on HCC cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Cellular senescence-inhibited gene (CSIG), also named as ribosomal_L1 domain-containing 1 (RSL1D1), is implicated in various processes including cell cycle regulation, cellular senescence, apoptosis, and tumor metastasis. (transhumanist.ru)
  • We aimed to determine the signaling pathway regulating cell metabolism and the mechanism related to the regulation of human tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in gastric cancer (GC). (cancerindex.org)
  • Tumor-infiltrated macrophages were isolated from human GC tissues using magnetic beads, gene transcription was determined by real-time PCR, protein expression was monitored using western blots, metabolites were determined using HPLC, and transcriptional regulation was analyzed by the luciferase-based reporter gene system. (cancerindex.org)
  • The fat-soluble vitamins include vitamins (A, D, E, and K). Fat-soluble vitamins were found to have an indisputable role in an array of physiological processes such as immune regulation, vision, bone and mental health. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Studies have shown that non-coding sequences play a pivotal role in the regulation of gene expression, tumorigenesis, immune regulation, ontogenesis, and many other biological processes. (cd-genomics.com)
  • Genome-wide CRISPR screening can be applied to study unknown non-coding DNA sequences that are of great significance for understanding gene regulation, disease, and biological evolution. (cd-genomics.com)
  • Finally, we found a key network of ENST00000429019 and three cell proliferation or apoptosis related key mRNAs (CDCA3, KIFC1, NCAPH), and validated their expression and regulation in tissue and cellular levels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The steady-state level of cellular mRNA is determined by the rates of synthesis and decay and, for that reason, the control of mRNA degradation is an important component of the regulation of gene expression. (uniroma1.it)
  • A new study characterized the role of p30 II in regulation of cellular gene expression using comprehensive human gene arrays. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They identified alterations in gene expression profiles unique to cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and T lymphocyte signaling/activation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, ECA39 may be involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, possibly at the G1 to S phase transition. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Schuldiner O, Eden A, Ben-Yosef T, Yanuka O, Simchen G, Benvenisty N. ECA39, a conserved gene regulated by c-Myc in mice, is involved in G1/S cell cycle regulation in yeast. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) links transcriptional regulation directly to intracellular energetics and participates in the coordination of several separated cellular functions such as cell cycle, repsonse to DNA damage, metabolism, apoptosis, and autophagy. (thermofisher.com)
  • KIN17, which is known as a DNA and RNA binding protein, is highly expressed in numerous types of human cancers and was discovered to participate in several vital cell behaviors, including DNA replication, damage repair, regulation of cell cycle and RNA processing. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Furthermore, KIN17 is associated with cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle regulation by regulating pathways including the p38 MAPK, NF‑κB‑Snail and TGF‑β/Smad2 signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Previous studies have indicated that KIN17 is involved in global genome repair, DNA replication, transcription and regulation of the cell cycle as part of a multi-protein complex. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • EGFL7 is known to be involved in cell migration and blood vessel formation, making EGFL7 and mir-126 opportune targets for disease, such as cancers, which require the continual formation of blood vessels to supply the tumour with nutrients and cell migration pathways to mediate tissue invasion. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although the specific mechanisms underlying the formation of drug tolerant cells (DTCs) remain unclear, various proteins and signalling pathways have been identified as being involved in the formation of DTCs. (bvsalud.org)
  • Once activated, p53 coordinates multiple downstream pathways, thereby maintaining the homeostasis of the host cell or organism (if the stress is mild, transient, and repairable) or eliminating damaged cells (if the stress is acute, prolonged, and difficult to resist). (nature.com)
  • Gene-expression arrays revealed that curcumin and AKBA regulated distinct cancer signaling pathways, including key cell-cycle regulatory genes. (arjunanatural.com)
  • Combined bioinformatics and in silico analysis identified apoptosis, proliferation, and cell-cycle regulatory signaling pathways as key modulators of curcumin and AKBA-induced anticancer effects. (arjunanatural.com)
  • In particular, we will discuss the modifications in intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways caused by proteins encoded by HPV early genes. (mdpi.com)
  • To screen important targets and signaling pathways modulated by CSIG, we compared the gene expression profiles in CSIG-silencing and control HEK293 cells using Affymetrix microarray Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 GeneChips. (transhumanist.ru)
  • Furthermore, we investigated the correlated expression patterns of Cdc14B, ESCO1 , KPNA5 , MAP3K3 , and CSIG during cell cycle and senescence progression, which imply the important pathways CSIG regulating cell cycle and senescence. (transhumanist.ru)
  • What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
  • Most c-di-GMP-dependent signaling pathways control the ability of bacteria to interact with abiotic surfaces or with other bacterial and eukaryotic cells (Romling et al, 2013). (learnlifescience.com)
  • The functional enrichment analysis revealed that ncRNA processing, DNA replication, cell cycle, apoptosis, cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction were the potentially disrupted pathways in URSA patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Given the importance of trophoblast cells in pregnancy process, a deeper understanding of its molecular biology and signaling pathways changes in trophoblast cells may shed light on the etiology of URSA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interestingly, p30 II is an overall repressor of cellular gene expression, while selectively favoring the expression of regulatory gene pathways important to T lymphocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Studies from a number of laboratories in the past decade have revealed that the central pathways deregulated in cancer often serve to coordinately regulate both classic oncogenic signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation and cell survival with pathways controlling cell metabolism. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Elucidating the function of the mutated gene, ALMS1 , is critical for the development of specific treatments and may uncover pathways relevant to a range of other disorders including common forms of obesity and type 2 diabetes. (springer.com)
  • CAPN3 provides some exclusive domains including its NH2-terminal domains I which has 20C30 additional proteins not within - and m-calpains and two exclusive insertion sequences' of 62 and 77 proteins on the COOH-terminal parts of domains II (known as Is normally1) and domains III (known as IS2). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Furthermore, these genes were classified into 11 functional groups including transcription factors, cell cycle related factors, apoptosis regulators, kinases and metabolism-related proteins, etc. (edu.hk)
  • Tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that normally provide negative control of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • Studies previously conducted show that HS negatively affects the skeletal muscle growth and development by changing its effects on myogenic regulatory factors, insulin growth factor-1, and heat-shock proteins. (frontiersin.org)
  • In the past few decades, studies have focused on investigating the genes and proteins responsible for the development and progression of HCC ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Accumulating studies have suggested that miRNAs are frequently dysregulated in tumors compared with normal tissues, resulting in aberrant expression of target genes or proteins and cancer progression 13 . (nature.com)
  • By holding the cell at this stage in the cell cycle, p53 gives the DNA repair proteins enough time to clean up the damaged DNA before DNA synthesis takes place. (reasons.org)
  • This insertion event can damage the genome by disrupting DNA sequences that encode proteins or DNA sequences that play a regulatory role. (reasons.org)
  • Normally, p53 works in conjunction with the proteins LSD1 and DNMT1 to suppress ERV expression. (reasons.org)
  • HTLV-1 pX ORF II encodes two proteins, p13 II and p30 II whose roles are beginning to be defined in the virus life cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Only recently has it become clear that viral encoded proteins, the so-called "accessory" gene products of this complex retrovirus, play an integral role in the pathogenic process. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Eukaryotic expression vectors containing genes encoding plant proteins for killing of cancer cells. (weeksmd.com)
  • consequently, genes encoding some of these proteins are being used to design constructs for the inhibition of multiplying cancer cells. (weeksmd.com)
  • To investigate the mechanism basis for the cell inhibition of curcumin on breast cancer cell lines, we examine curcumin effect on NFκB, cell cycle regulatory proteins and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in two breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and BT-483). (edu.hk)
  • Mutations in this gene as well as in its related proteins including D-type cyclins, p16(INK4a) and Rb were all found to be associated with tumorigenesis of a variety of cancers. (thermofisher.com)
  • Genetic changes include mutations, gene silencing through epigenetics, gene amplification or deletion and whole chromosome gains or losses. (bmj.com)
  • Alterations in receptor tyrosine kinases (TKs), such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, include overexpression, amplification or mutations. (bmj.com)
  • This group of cells first enters the drug tolerance state (DT state) under drug pressure, and gradually acquires stable drug resistance through adaptive mutations in this state. (bvsalud.org)
  • Increased curiosity about CAPN3 was highly stimulated when it had been reported that mutations in its gene bring about limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) type 2A, seen as a the continuous atrophy of hip and make muscle tissues (LGMD2A, or calpainopathy) (21). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • As opposed to other styles of muscles dystrophy, where mutations take place in genes encoding structural protein, calpainopathy was the initial reported kind of dystrophy predetermined by mutations within a gene encoding a proteolytic enzyme. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • You can find over 440 noted mutations within the calpain 3 gene up to now, included in this 212 (50%) are missense mutations, a lot of which alter its catalytic activity (22). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • [ 3 ] Loss of function mutations in this gene are implicated in pediatric retinoblastoma. (medscape.com)
  • Mutations that disrupt PTEN function define a condition called ​ PTEN hamartoma syndrome, which also includes Cowden syndrome , Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome, and Proteus/Proteus-like syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Recent studies have established that, similar to mutations, methylation-mediated silencing of tumor suppressor genes plays a major role in tumorigenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • About half of cancers sustain mutations in the TP53 gene, whereas the other half maintain a wild-type p53 (wtp53) but may compromise the p53 response because of other alterations. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
  • These characteristics are caused by altered gene expression, as a result of genetic mutations that inactivate tumour suppressor genes and / or activate oncogenes. (savedelicious.com)
  • or mutations in various genes. (savedelicious.com)
  • Activating mutations upstream may also underlie some epigenetic or within the ERK1/2 cascade are events that change cell signalling. (who.int)
  • Mutations in this gene cause various glaucoma phenotypes including primary congenital glaucoma, autosomal dominant iridogoniodysgenesis anomaly, and Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly. (cancerindex.org)
  • The basic unit of the p53 protein consists of three major functional domains such as an N-terminal transactivation domain (TAD), a core DNA-binding domain (DBD)-the main target for mutations, and a C-terminal regulatory domain (CTD) ( Figure 1 A) [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • These mutations account for 30% of all missense mutations in the TP53 gene. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Therefore, the metabolic dysregulation of deubiquitinases often lead to serious consequences, including the growth and metastasis of tumors. (bvsalud.org)
  • This review concentrated on the function and mechanism of deubiquitinase system in the proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis and autophagy of tumor cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Previous researches completed by our team have also demonstrated that resveratrol inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • CRISPR/Cas9 screening can also be used to study metastasis-related genes, to explore how viruses invade and injure host cells, and more. (cd-genomics.com)
  • SOX2 has capacity of increasing growth and metastasis of cancer cells. (drtaheriazam.com)
  • It specifically negatively regulates the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway to induce cell cycle arrest. (medscape.com)
  • Involvement of C/EBPβ-related signaling pathway in methamphetamine-induced neuronal autophagy and apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)
  • Herb-partitioned moxibustion may inhibit excessively activated autophagy and modulate the expression of immune-related factors by regulating the LKB1-mTOR-PI3KC signal transduction networks, thereby alleviating intestinal inflammation in CD rats. (hindawi.com)
  • Autophagy is a molecular "self-digestion" mechanism its function can be pro-survival or pro-death in tumor cells. (drtaheriazam.com)
  • Overexpression of miR-21 inhibits apoptosis and is vital for inducing pro-survival autophagy. (drtaheriazam.com)
  • Epigenetic alternations in genomic DNA include cytosine methylation in CpG islands, which usually extend throughout the promoters and the first exons of genes. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Keywords: Cancer Epigenetics DNA methylation DNA methyltransferase inhibitor Radiosensitization Background Epigenetic alteration is one of the most important gene regulatory mechanisms. (gasyblog.com)
  • Unlike genetic alterations epigenetic events are not changes in gene function that occur in conjunction with DNA sequence changes. (gasyblog.com)
  • In this study we could show that P53 negatively regulates the expression of Helicase, lymphoid specific (HELLS), previously described as an important pro-tumorigenic epigenetic regulator in hepatocarcinogenesis. (uni-greifswald.de)
  • The underlying mechanism responsible for the effects of lunasin on NK cells is likely due to epigenetic modulation on target gene loci. (weeksmd.com)
  • Role of indole curcumin in the epigenetic activation of apoptosis and cell cycle regulating genes. (cdc.gov)
  • This gene encodes a protein phosphatase 1 binding protein. (nih.gov)
  • The encoded protein plays a role in many cellular processes including cell cycle progression, DNA repair and apoptosis by regulating the activity of protein phosphatase 1. (nih.gov)
  • We also detected expression of RNA and protein by QPCR and western blotting. (bvsalud.org)
  • In a parallel experiment, a p53 expression plasmid was also included to find out if the p53 protein may influence the regulatory effect of HMGB1 on these promoters. (edu.hk)
  • RB1 encodes the protein pRB and was the first tumor suppressor gene to be molecularly defined. (medscape.com)
  • Analyzing 5′-upstream non-protein-encoding regions of the human mitochondrial function-associated genes, we speculate that mitochondrial functions could be recovered or improved at a transcriptional level. (intechopen.com)
  • Pseudogene, a subclass of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are considered as genomic loci that resemble real gene, but lost some functionality because they are lack of protein-coding ability because of disabling mutation, lack of transcription, or their inability to encode RNA [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our data show that the stable knockdown of HIPK2 led to wtp53 misfolding, as detected by p53 immunoprecipitation with conformation-specific antibodies, and that p53 protein misfolding impaired p53 DNA binding and transcription of target genes. (aacrjournals.org)
  • What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
  • DeMarini, and Chapter 20, by Rice and cell death determine the size protein in several signal ing path- and Herceg). (who.int)
  • The results obtained indicate that alpha6beta1 is necessary for VEGF expression because the ability of hypoxia to activate HIF-1 and to stimulate VEGF transcription in MDA-MB-435 cells is dependent on alpha6beta1 expression by a mechanism that involves protein kinase C-alpha. (umassmed.edu)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of small noncoding RNAs that regulate the expression of protein through targeting the 3′UTR of messenger RNA (mRNA), resulting in mRNA degradation or suppression of translation [ 5 ]. (degruyter.com)
  • The expression of microtubule-associated protein LC3II and SQSTM1/p62 in the colon tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. (hindawi.com)
  • Protein-protein interaction analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs was performed to identify hub genes and key modules. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, it appears that HTLV-1 has yet another multifunctional protein with transcriptional and post-transcriptional roles in regulating viral gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The regulatory mechanism included induction of the P53 target gene P21 (CDKN1A) resulting in repression of HELLS via downregulation of the transcription factor Forkhead Box Protein M1 (FOXM1). (uni-greifswald.de)
  • The underlying regulatory mechanism involved P53-dependent induction of P21 (CDKN1A), leading to repression of Forkhead Box Protein M1 (FOXM1) that in turn resulted in downregulation of HELLS expression. (uni-greifswald.de)
  • Cell cycle regulatory protein including cyclin D1, CDK4 and p21 were examined by immunochemistry. (edu.hk)
  • This protein is highly similar to the gene products of S. cerevisiae cdc28 and S. pombe cdc2. (thermofisher.com)
  • It is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression. (thermofisher.com)
  • Shiga toxins (Stx) are potent AB 5 cytotoxins that inhibit eukaryotic protein synthesis, eventually leading to host cell death ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Expression of the L1 protein using recombinant DNA technology produces noninfectious virus-like particles (VLPs). (cdc.gov)
  • Many of the current efforts regarding anti-cancer drug development are focused on directing tumor cells to undergo apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
  • In our laboratory we demonstrated that yeast mutants in genes of the mRNA decapping pathway show premature aging and undergo apoptosis by a YCA1-dependent pathway. (uniroma1.it)
  • At a fundamental level, cancer is caused by an accumulation of genetic changes that result in unregulated cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • Recent high-impact research has shown the genomic/genetic differences between cancer and normal cells using methods such as next-generation sequencing [ 1 , 2 ]. (intechopen.com)
  • Subramani (2019) said that Quorum sensing (QS) is a process of intercellular signaling or cell-cell communication and a vital regulatory mechanism for coordinating biofilm formation including common activities and physiological processes such as symbiosis, formation of spores or fruiting bodies, antibiotics synthesis, genetic competence, apoptosis, and virulence in many bacterial species using extracellular QS signaling molecules, which is often referred to as autoinducers. (learnlifescience.com)
  • CRISPR screening is a large-scale genetic loss-of-function screen approach that generates and screens a population of mutant cells to facilitate the discovery of key genes or genetic sequences in a particular cell type. (cd-genomics.com)
  • Although the conventional activities of p53 such as cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis are well accepted as the major checkpoints in stress responses, accumulating evidence implicates the importance of other tumor suppression mechanisms. (nature.com)
  • Is p53-dependent ferroptosis sufficient for tumor suppression in the absence of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis? (nature.com)
  • To date, various mechanisms have been suggested to explain the powerful tumor-suppressive effect of p53, including the induction of cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis. (nature.com)
  • Global Characteristics of CSIG-Associated Gene Expression Changes in Human HEK293 Cells and the Implications for CSIG Regulating Cell Proliferation and Senescence. (transhumanist.ru)
  • This study shows that expression profiling can be used to identify genes that are transcriptionally or post-transcriptionally modified following CSIG knockdown and to reveal the molecular mechanism of cell proliferation and senescence regulated by CSIG. (transhumanist.ru)
  • Abstract The major tumor suppressor P53 (TP53) acts primarily as a transcription factor by activating or repressing subsets of its numerous target genes, resulting in different cellular outcomes (e.g., cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence). (uni-greifswald.de)
  • miR-126 is located within the 7th intron of the EGFL7 gene which resides on human chromosome 9. (wikipedia.org)
  • This gene lies within the major histocompatibility complex class I region on chromosome 6, and alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene. (nih.gov)
  • In contrast to the toxin genes in S. dysenteriae 1, those in STEC are generally carried by lambdoid prophages, which integrate into the host bacterial chromosome ( 9 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Glioblastomas are intrinsic brain tumors believed to originate from neuroglial stem or progenitor cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Macrophages are essential inflammatory cells which regulate the features of immune reactions within tumors. (cancerindex.org)
  • DNMT overexpression has been detected in VTX-2337 a variety of malignancies including lung prostate and colorectal tumors [2-4]. (gasyblog.com)
  • MDA-MB-435 cells engineered to be deficient in alpha6beta1 expression form primary tumors that are highly apoptotic and unable to metastasize, although they exhibit no increased apoptosis in vitro under standard culture conditions. (umassmed.edu)
  • Nearly 50% of the cells recovered from tumors display either a mutation or a deletion of the gene that encodes p53. (reasons.org)
  • Curcumin, an active constituent of turmeric, has been shown to possess inhibitory effect of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis towards a board range of tumors. (edu.hk)
  • We found that, due to the hypermethylation of its CpG island, miR-148a undergoes methylation-mediated silencing in HCC cell lines. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Additionally, DNMT1, the DNA methyltransferase that maintains methylation patterns, is aberrantly upregulated in HCC cell lines, and its overexpression is responsible for hypermethylation of the miR-148a promoter. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • DNA methylation, which is associated with gene silencing ( 12 ), is carried out by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • It has become widely accepted that histone modification and DNA methylation are intricately interrelated in terms of affecting chromatin structure and gene expression [8]. (gasyblog.com)
  • DNA methylation profile discriminates sporadic giant cell granulomas of the jaws and cherubism from their giant cell-rich histological mimics. (cdc.gov)
  • Insight into the mechanism of DNA methylation and miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in ischemic stroke. (cdc.gov)
  • Complex haploinsufficiency in pluripotent cells yields somatic cells with DNA methylation abnormalities and pluripotency induction defects. (cdc.gov)
  • During apoptosis cell death, cells release apoptotic bodies containing paracrine signals to neighbouring cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Among these unconventional activities, an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death, termed ferroptosis, attracts great interest. (nature.com)
  • However, the ability of HPV-infected cells to resist apoptotic signals renders such therapies ineffective. (mdpi.com)
  • These actions block DNA synthesis, causing a block at G2 phase and subsequently apoptotic cell death. (savedelicious.com)
  • Inhibition of cancer progression occurs through mir-126s negative control of proliferation, migration, invasion and cell survival, while mir-126 also may support cancer progression through the promotion of blood vessel formation and inflammation at the site of activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Emerging evidence indicates that Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in tumor progression, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Importantly, we demonstrate that the overexpression of miR-148a significantly inhibits HCC cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The progression of hepatocellular carcinogenesis is thought to involve the deregulation of genes that are critical to cellular processes, such as cell cycle control, cell growth, apoptosis, cell migration and spreading. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Recently, an increasing number of reports have implicated a new class of small regulatory RNA molecules, termed microRNAs (miRNAs), in HCC progression. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • These traits are accompanied by elevated histone mRNA levels persisting throughout the cell cycle and defects in S-phase progression. (uniroma1.it)
  • miR-21 primarily decreases PTEN expression to induce PI3K/Akt signaling in cancer progression. (drtaheriazam.com)
  • The initiation and development of tumor cell is accompanied by elevated stresses, such as oncogene activation, DNA damage, genome instability, and reprogrammed tumor metabolism. (nature.com)
  • Increased expression of mir-126 inhibits cell proliferation of non-small cell lung carcinoma cells in vitro and prevents tumour growth through the targeting of EGFL7. (wikipedia.org)
  • Furthermore, we demonstrated in a mouse xenograft model that both curcumin and AKBA treatments suppressed tumor growth, which corresponded with alterations in the expression of miR-34a and miR-27a, consistent with our in vitro findings. (arjunanatural.com)
  • Moreover, this is the first paper to clearly establish that a CD56 bright CD3 - CD16 - perforin- NK reg population associates with a lack of cGvHD and has several unique characteristics, including the suppression of helper T-cell function in vitro. (haematologica.org)
  • Supporting our in vitro data, we found higher expression of HELLS in murine HCCs arising in a Trp53−/− background compared to Trp53+/+ HCCs as well as a strong and highly significant correlation between HELLS and FOXM1 expression in different HCC patient cohorts. (uni-greifswald.de)
  • In addition, NK cells stimulated with lunasin plus cytokines displayed higher tumoricidal activity than those stimulated with cytokines alone using in vitro and in vivo tumor models. (weeksmd.com)
  • Recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibodies are produced using in vitro expression systems. (thermofisher.com)
  • miRNA binds to target sequences reducing the expression of the target gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study aimed to investigate the regulatory signal axis among lncRNA SNHG12, miR-516a-5p and the target gene HEG1 during EMT. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we show, by microarray analysis, that wtp53 lost the target gene activation following stable knockdown of HIPK2 (HIPK2i) in colon cancer cell line. (aacrjournals.org)
  • And the cell achieves the target gene editing through non-homologous end joint (NHEJ) or homology directed repair (HDR). (cd-genomics.com)
  • Our results suggest the existence of a novel miR-148a-DNMT1 regulatory circuit and indicate that miR-148a acts as a tumor suppressor during hepatocellular carcinogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • For instance, CRISPR/Cas9 screening technologies are a boon for cancer therapy - target genes can be obtained and analyzed to find genes with a higher correlation of tumor cell survival ability. (cd-genomics.com)
  • By suppressing the expression of these genes, the tumor cell cycle is blocked and apoptosis is induced, while normal blood cells are not affected as much. (cd-genomics.com)
  • Activation of PI3K/Akt signaling promotes glucose uptake, favors glycolysis and increases tumor cell proliferation. (drtaheriazam.com)
  • Overexpression of miR-128-3p or knockdown of TGFBR2 ameliorated LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis. (degruyter.com)
  • Moreover, TGFBR2 was a direct target of miR-128-3p, and its overexpression reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-128-3p overexpression on inflammation and apoptosis in LPS-induced HK2 cells. (degruyter.com)
  • mir-126* is less abundantly found in organisms than mir-126 and fewer roles in regulating gene expression have been identified. (wikipedia.org)
  • To achieve this, p53 mainly functions as a transcription factor (TF) targeting hundreds of genes, but it also has TF-independent roles in the nucleus and cytoplasm [ 6 ]. (nature.com)
  • The potential regulatory roles of HMGB1 on some of these groups were then discussed. (edu.hk)
  • Many studies have reported their regulatory roles in immunity through cytokines and cell signaling. (cancerindex.org)
  • It has been demonstrated that, beside coding mRNAs, RNA polymerase II also transcribes for non coding RNA that could have regulatory roles. (uniroma1.it)
  • Some of p53's other important roles include stem cell maintenance and tumor suppression. (reasons.org)
  • The above biological processes have important roles in tumorigenesis, cancer development and chemoresistance in tumor cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Furthermore, this analyses confirmed the positive roles of CDK9 and Yorkie in regulating Mad-dependent gene expression in vivo. (sdbonline.org)
  • In endothelial cells, mir-126 is also released with in these bodies are upon absorption in a neighbouring cell induce the CXCL12 dependant vascular protection. (wikipedia.org)
  • He also mentions that microorganisms produce a wide variety of QS signaling molecules that can be self-recognized in a concentration-dependent manner and subsequently induce or suppress the expression of QS-controlled genes. (learnlifescience.com)
  • Conclusions Psammaplin A 5 and zebularine induce radiosensitivity in both A549 and U373MG cell lines and suggest that this effect might be associated with the inhibition of DNA repair. (gasyblog.com)
  • EGF may induce a limited number of neuronal cells because it also enhanced apoptosis. (umassmed.edu)
  • The phage remains in a lysogenic state until environmental conditions induce expression of phage lytic cycle genes, leading to new phage production and lysis of the host bacterium. (cdc.gov)
  • Transwell migration and invasion assays were used to examine cell migration and invasion abilities. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In competition with bacteriophages, bacteria and archaea have evolved unique ways of defending, which include the CRISPR/Cas systems, the immune systems of bacteria and archaea to resist the invasion of foreign DNAs or RNAs, recognize the foreign invading nucleic acids, and cleave them for immune defense. (cd-genomics.com)
  • Our finding extrapolates the antitumor activity of curcumin in mediating the breast cancer cell proliferative rate and invasion by down-regulating the NFκB inducing genes. (edu.hk)
  • qPCR and Western blot were used to analyze LncRNA PTTG3P, miR-383 and other target genes' expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The differential expression of genes such as ZNF616 , KPNA5 , and MAP3K3 was further validated by real-time PCR and western blot analysis. (transhumanist.ru)
  • The expressions of NFκB in breast cancer cells treated with curcumin were studied by immunochemistry and western blot. (edu.hk)
  • MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several pre- and post-transcription mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • In general, microRNAs, a class of small (~21 nucleotide) non-coding RNAs, negatively regulate the expression of their target genes. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Products of myc oncogenes are transcription factors that bind to the DNA sequence, CACGTG, and regulate the expression of multiple target genes. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • To avoid elimination by this mechanism, human papillomaviruses (HPV) have developed several mechanisms that enable the cells they infect to elude both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
  • In this manuscript, we review the current literature regarding how HPV-infected cells avoid apoptosis and the molecular mechanisms involved in these events. (mdpi.com)
  • Possible mechanisms for overcoming the resistance of HPV-infected tumor cells to anticancer drugs will be discussed. (mdpi.com)
  • Although the Myc oncogene has long been known to play a role in many human cancers, the mechanisms that mediate its effects in both normal cells and cancer cells are not fully understood. (biologists.com)
  • miRNAs are highly conserved, small, non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression in vertebrates through multiple mechanisms, such as complimentary base pairing with the 3′-UTR of their target mRNAs, resulting in translational repression, mRNA cleavage and mRNA decay initiated by miRNA-guided rapid deadenylation ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • However, cancer cells can become multidrug resistant, a phenomenon due to cells expressing mechanisms that cause simultaneous resistance to many different, structurally and functionally, unrelated drugs [6]. (savedelicious.com)
  • We tried to assess the influence of a variety of DNMT inhibitors on radiosensitivity in two human cancer cell lines of different histologic origins and to elucidate the mechanisms relevant to those influences. (gasyblog.com)
  • These transcripts are degraded by a variety of different mechanisms, including exosome, cytoplasmic decapping and 5-to-3 decay, and nonsense-mediated decay. (uniroma1.it)
  • The present review was the first, to the best of our knowledge, to systematically summarize and clarify the relevance between KIN17 and tumor development from different aspects ( Table I ), including the structure, function, expression level and regulatory mechanisms of KIN17, so as to explore the potential of KIN17 as a tumor diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and as a potential therapeutic target. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Mechanisms regulating cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest are of great interest partly because reversing this process could provide a way to stimulate cardiac regeneration after injury [ 17 ]. (springer.com)
  • Both curcumin and AKBA inhibited cellular proliferation, induced apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in colorectal cancer cell lines, and these effects were significantly enhanced with combined treatment. (arjunanatural.com)
  • Interest in ALMS1 is heightened by the recent discovery of its involvement in neonatal cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest, a process with potential relevance to regenerative medicine. (springer.com)
  • Despite a variety of advanced therapeutic approaches, including liver resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, or molecular targeted therapy, the prognosis of some HCC is still poor. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although the study of these gene products were largely by-passed by virologists until the mid 1990's, they intensified when infectious molecular clones provided the tools to better understand their role in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Reuben J. Shaw, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037. (aacrjournals.org)
  • CXCL12 binds the receptor CXCR4 actively counteracting apoptosis and recruiting progenitor cells to the site of injury. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tissue repair and maintenance are important parts of the life cycle of an organism, cells and tissues must remain in homeostasis to ensure survival. (wikipedia.org)
  • In a study on biofilm, Stoodley (2002) showed that biofilm formation seems to be an ancient and fundamental part of the life cycles of many microorganisms and essential for survival in diverse environments. (learnlifescience.com)
  • Methods A549 (lung cancer) and U373MG STAT3 (glioblastoma) cells were exposed to radiation with or without six DNMT inhibitors (5-azacytidine 5 zebularine hydralazine epigallocatechin gallate and psammaplin A) for 18 hours prior to radiation after which cell survival was evaluated via clonogenic assays. (gasyblog.com)
  • Based on the hypothesis that alpha6beta1 is necessary for the survival of these cells in the tumor microenvironment, we report here that hypoxia protects these cells from apoptosis induced by serum deprivation and that hypoxia-mediated protection requires alpha6beta1 expression. (umassmed.edu)
  • We investigated the influence of alpha6beta1 on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression because autocrine VEGF is necessary for the survival of serum-deprived cells in hypoxia. (umassmed.edu)
  • Arguments supporting the reactive nature of LCH include the occurrence of spontaneous remissions, the extensive elaboration of multiple cytokines by dendritic cells and T-cells (the so-called cytokine storm) in LCH lesions, and the good survival rate in patients without organ dysfunction. (medscape.com)
  • These new findings suggest that HTLV-1, which is associated with lymphoproliferative diseases, uses p30 II to selectively repress cellular and viral gene expression to favor the survival of cellular targets ultimately resulting in leukemogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • But these treatments, to some extent, easily produce side effects on normal cells, organs, and other tissues of the human body, thus accelerating the death process of cancer patients. (hindawi.com)
  • In this study, we found that PTTG3P was up-regulated in HCC tissues and cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2 cGvHD is a multisystemic disorder that occurs due to foreign donor immune cells attacking the recipient's tissues. (haematologica.org)
  • Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that there were significant differences in the expression of KIN17 between cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • A recent demonstration of the differential expression of miRNAs and their target mRNAs in cancer and the discovery that some miRNAs can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors have sparked considerable interest in elucidating their role in tumorigenesis ( 5 , 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • qRT-PCR was performed to validated the expression of key ENST00000429019 and mRNAs in URSA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We found that URSA placental villus have distinct mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles through ceRNA microarray, with a total of 347 mRNAs and 361 lncRNAs differentially expressed compared with controls. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is a second messenger that modulates a variety of bacterial growth phenotypes including biofilm formation. (learnlifescience.com)
  • Dr. Otto Warburg first described, more than 80 years ago, that a fundamental biochemical difference between tumor cells and their normal counterparts was that tumor cells rely on aerobic glycolysis for ATP generation, unlike most normal differentiated cells of the body, which use mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • It also provides an insight into how qPCR assays are typically undertaken today in many labs and what influences the choice in purchasing qPCR mastermixes and thermal cycling instruments. (ddw-online.com)
  • Here, we investigated the antitumorigenic effects of curcumin and 3 acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) on modulation of specific cancer-related miRNAs in colorectal cancer cells and validated their protective effects in vivo using a xenograft mouse model. (arjunanatural.com)
  • Bioinformatics algorithms including miRCODE ( http://www.mircode.org/ ) suggest that miRNAs can interact with lncRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aberrant expression of miRNAs is associated with the pathogenesis of sepsis. (degruyter.com)
  • Driver events in pediatric malignancies can occur through loss of function in tumor suppressor genes or gain of function in proto-oncogenes. (medscape.com)
  • PU.1 negatively regulates GATA3 expression, altering the response of the T helper 2 cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • We have been interested in how the human HMGB1 gene is regulated as well as how HMGB1 regulates other genes in the cell. (edu.hk)
  • Germline and somatic follicle cells mutant for dm exhibit a profound decrease in their ability to grow and to carry out endoreplication,a modified cell cycle in which DNA replication occurs in the absence of cell division. (biologists.com)
  • It can also exert its influence by arresting the cell cycle when the cell transitions between the G1 (cell growth) and S (DNA synthesis, readying the cell for replication) phases. (reasons.org)
  • In conclusion, we shed lights on these 4 DEmiRNAs (miR-135b-5p, miR-9-3p, miR-135b-3p, miR-455-5p) and 3 hub genes (FOXC1, FAM171A1, RGMA) as specific prognostic biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets for TNBC. (nature.com)
  • A deep understanding of regulatory mechanism of EMT is critical. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism underlying its functions. (transhumanist.ru)
  • We also found that viable NK reg cells may be isolated by sorting on CD56 + and CD16 - NK cells, and this population can suppress allogeneic CD4 + T cells, but not T reg cells or CD8+ T cells through a non-cytolytic, cell-cell contact dependent mechanism. (haematologica.org)
  • With further investigation we may decipher the mechanism of NK reg suppression and operationalize expansion of NK reg cells associated with cGvHD suppression. (haematologica.org)
  • It has been recognized that 50% of cancer patients acquire certain types of TP53 gene alterations [ 9 ] [ 10 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an important therapeutic option for patients with non-malignant diseases as well as high-risk and refractory hematopoietic malignancies. (haematologica.org)
  • The working group of the Histiocyte Society divided histocytic disorders into three groups: (1) dendritic cell histiocytosis, (2) macrophage-related disorders, and (3) malignant histiocytosis. (medscape.com)
  • Numerous vectors have been engineered for the sole purpose of killing cancer cells, and some have successfully suppressed malignant tumours. (weeksmd.com)
  • [ 3 ] Taken together, these findings have led some to speculate that LCH is not a specific disease of epidermal Langerhans cells, but rather one of mononuclear phagocyte dysregulation. (medscape.com)
  • Dysregulation of CDK8 (Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8) and its regulatory partner CycC (Cyclin C) , two subunits of the conserved Mediator (MED) complex, have been linked to diverse human diseases such as cancer. (sdbonline.org)
  • The expression profiles of these two cell lines were compared using cDNA microarray and the genes differentially expressed at a significant level were identified in these two cell lines. (edu.hk)
  • Real-time RT-PCR was also used to check the expression levels of some of the differentially expressed genes. (edu.hk)
  • In addition, to find out the possible interactions among these differentially expressed genes, Pathwayassist Software was used for analysis. (edu.hk)
  • It was found that the products of 16 of these differentially expressed genes fall into a complex network with p53 as the key node. (edu.hk)
  • Knockdown of SIRT1 was achieved by transfecting MCF7 cells with specific siRNA (Silencer® select Product # S23769, S23770). (thermofisher.com)
  • In addition, knockdown of KIN17 was found to enhance the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic agents. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was performed to evaluate the histone modification of gene loci that are regulated by lunasin and cytokine. (weeksmd.com)
  • Expression profiling and multi-marker diagnostics were rated as the most interesting new and emerging qPCR application areas. (ddw-online.com)
  • They was closely followed by fast PCR and then more distantly by single cell expression correlation, real-time immune PCR and multiway expression profiling. (ddw-online.com)
  • Based on the possible role of HMGB1 in the p53 network, investigattion on whether HMGB1 could regulate some potential downstream genes at the transcriptional level was carried out. (edu.hk)
  • More complex biological regulatory networks (such as transcriptome, gene interaction) within cells need further research. (cd-genomics.com)
  • Identification of miRNA-regulated targeting genes is important for understanding their specific biological functions [ 11 ]. (degruyter.com)
  • The gene expression patterns and biological characteristics of placental villus in patients with URSA remain largely unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ph.D. candidates in our institute do life-saving research that furthers our understanding of the biological basis of heart disease including heart failure, heart attacks, atherosclerosis, congenital heart disease, arrhythmias/sudden cardiac death and hypertension. (einsteinmed.edu)
  • The ceRNA microarray was used to identify the mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles of URSA patients and normal pregnancy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MMP1 mRNA expression in BT-483 and MDA-MB-231 had significantly decreased in curcumin treatment group compared with control group. (edu.hk)
  • The basic idea of CRISPR screening is to knock out every gene in the genome that could be important and only one gene per cell. (cd-genomics.com)
  • Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening can be used to identify disease-related genes, which is important for new drug targets discovery and provides strategies for treatment. (cd-genomics.com)
  • CRISPR/Cas9 genome-wide screening has been widely applied in various fields of cell biology. (cd-genomics.com)
  • The tumor suppressor p53, encoded by the TP53 gene and known as "the guardian of the genome", performs a variety of functions in cancer prevention. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • One way that p53 protects the genome is by suppressing the expression of ERVs. (reasons.org)
  • however, the toxin genes are not associated with a complete prophage genome ( 4 , 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • 20% of pediatric gliomas are high grade gliomas (HGGs) and include anaplastic astrocytoma (AA), diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). (frontiersin.org)
  • Conserved seed pairing, often flanked by adenosines, indicates that thousands of human genes are microRNA targets. (arjunanatural.com)
  • The myc recognition binding site of ECA39 is located 3' to the start site of transcription in the mouse and human genes, but this element is absent in the nematode and yeast. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • It has long been known as an architectural transcription factor involved in gene activation as well as in other nuclear processes. (edu.hk)
  • MicroRNA-30c expression was suppressed by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α activation and related to decreased mTOR activity as well as glycolysis in human GC TAMs. (cancerindex.org)
  • Activation-induced cytidine deaminase displays an alternative co-factor for modulating PIM1 expression in diffuse large B cell lymphoma cell lines. (cdc.gov)
  • [ 6 ] PTEN deficiencies have been described in a variety of cancers including breast, thyroid, and endometrial cancers. (medscape.com)
  • TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in cancers. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • High-risk types (e.g., types 16 and 18) can cause low-grade cervical cell abnormalities, high-grade cervical cell abnormalities that are precursors to cancer, and cancers ( 5 - 7 ). (cdc.gov)
  • An HMGB1 expression plasmid together with the p53, the MDM2 or the E2F1 promoter-containing reporter plasmid were co-transfected into the MCF-7, the HMGB1 suppressed MCF-7 and the p53-null human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cell lines to examine the transcriptional effects of exogenous HMGB1 on these promoters. (edu.hk)
  • Cell inhibition activities of curcumin are behaved differently in various cell types. (edu.hk)
  • It also suppresses metastatic endothelial recruitment, angiogenesis and colonisation, through interaction with its target genes IGFBP2, PITPNC1, and MERTK. (wikipedia.org)
  • Clinically, grade 3B follicular lymphoma is treated like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma . (medscape.com)