Cell clones antigen specificity after mouse cd4 gene mice after antigen. Medical search. Frequent questions

secreted version: antibodies) and T cell receptor (TCR), respectively. (nature.com)
Epstein SL , Lo CY , Misplon JA , Bennink JR . Mechanism of protective immunity against influenza virus infection in mice without antibodies. (cdc.gov)
Monoclonal antibodies developed against immunogenic proteins (Tumor Specific Antigens/TSA's) that are expressed in human cancers, display a unique behavioral pattern. (jcancer.org)
In the case that the translation products of a gene are cell surface molecules, a method for selectively separating cells which have expressed the specific gene, while being viable, is to make fluorescence labeled antibodies bind to the surface molecules for labeling the cells fluorescently, to identify fluorescing cells by flow cytometry, and to separate the identified cells with a cell sorter (Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter, FACS). (justia.com)
In addition, the panning method is also known wherein only the objective cells are absorbed on the bottom surface of a dish over which is covered with antibodies specifically binding to the cell surface molecules. (justia.com)
In this case, it is theoretically possible to fluorescently label the gene-expressing cells by introduction of fluorescence-labeled antibodies that are specific to the molecules localized in the cells into the cells, through microinjection and to separate the objective gene-expressing cells with the cell sorter described above based on the difference in fluorescence intensity of the cells with irradiation of laser beam or the like. (justia.com)
The number of the cells to which the labeled antibodies can be introduced for one experiment is at most ten or less. (justia.com)
This is because, during the process where polypeptide chains generated based on the genetic information are folded and secreted, their structure changes gradually and from time to time to prevent any known antibodies from binding to the polypeptide chains within or on the surfaces of live cells efficiently. (justia.com)
Binding of the Fc portion of the antibodies to FcR leads to activation of effector cells and further release of proinflammatory cytokines and proteolytic enzymes, mediators of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). (hindawi.com)
c) Effect of antibodies and antigen-specific B cells on antigen uptake. (hindawi.com)
There are two main mechanisms in the adaptive immune system-humoral immunity and cellular immunity, which are mediated by antibodies and cells respectively. (frontiersin.org)
3. Li Z, Nestor KE, Saif YM, Fan Z, Luhtala M, Vainio O. Cross-reactive anti-chicken CD4 and CD8 monoclonal antibodies suggest polymorphism of the turkey CD8α molecule. (southernbiotech.com)
or actively by prior immunization of the recipient with graft antigens which evoke specific antibodies and form antigen-antibody complexes which bind to the antigen receptor sites of the T-cells and block their cytotoxic activity. (lookformedical.com)

HLA, human leukocyte antigen. (cdc.gov)
CeD is triggered by gluten consumption in genetically susceptible individuals carrying certain major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)

Right panel: antigen binds to the BCR of antigen-specific B cells and is internalized. (hindawi.com)
This Antibody was verified by Relative expression to ensure that the antibody binds to the antigen stated. (thermofisher.com)
DOTA antibody reporter 1 (DAbR1) comprises a single-chain fragment of the antilanthanoid-DOTA antibody 2D12.5/G54C fused to the human CD4-transmembrane domain and binds irreversibly to lanthanoid ( S )-2-(4-acrylamidobenzyl)-DOTA (AABD). (snmjournals.org)
NF-Y, a critical transcription factor, binds to the CCAAT-box in target gene promoters, playing a pivotal role in plant development and abiotic stress response. (bvsalud.org)
An interferon regulatory factor that binds upstream TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORY ELEMENTS in the GENES for INTERFERON-ALPHA and INTERFERON-BETA . (lookformedical.com)
PHOSPHORYLATION of IRF-3 causes the protein to be translocated from the CYTOPLASM to CELL NUCLEUS where it binds DNA , and activates transcription. (lookformedical.com)

The LISA showed high specificity (99.20%) and sensitivity (92.00%) with 4-16 times more sensitivity compared with an ELISA. (bvsalud.org)
This gene encodes a DNA-binding protein which has high specificity for scaffold or matrixattachment region DNA elements (S/MAR DNA). (immune-source.com)

This suggests that unique tissue-specific factors (including local lipid antigens, cytokines and/or hormones) may shape the population of iNKT cells resident in those tissues, ultimately regulating local immune responses. (elifesciences.org)
Several studies have shown that adipocytes highly express CD1d, which presents lipid antigens to invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and stimulates the activation of iNKT cells ( 5 - 7 ). (frontiersin.org)

Adaptive immune repertoires are composed by the ensemble of B and T-cell receptors within an individual, reflecting both past and current immune responses. (nature.com)
Dendritic cell (DC) -specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN), Mannose receptor (MR) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs) associated to inflammasome activation. (tbdb.org)
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) endow T cells with antigen-specific recognition, activation, and proliferation independent of major histocompatibility complex ( 1 - 3 ). (snmjournals.org)

Recent advances in single-cell sequencing enable recovery of the complete adaptive immune receptor sequences in addition to transcriptional information. (nature.com)
By analysing iNKT cells from lymphoid tissues of mice and humans we demonstrate that their T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is highly diverse and is distinct for cells from various tissues resulting in differential lipid-antigen recognition. (elifesciences.org)
Moskophidis D , Kioussis D . Contribution of virus-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells to virus clearance or pathologic manifestations of influenza virus infection in a T cell receptor transgenic mouse model. (cdc.gov)
Mutations in this gene are associated with interleukin 2 receptor alpha deficiency. (thermofisher.com)
The natural cytotoxicity receptor NKp44 (NCR2, CD336) is expressed on the majority of porcine NK cells ex vivo without stimulation. (usda.gov)
There remains an urgent need for the noninvasive tracking of transfused chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells to determine their biodistribution, viability, expansion, and antitumor functionality. (snmjournals.org)

CD4 T cells are important for immunity to tuberculosis as a result of they produce cytokines, together with interferon-γ. (tbdb.org)
The role of B cells in autoimmune diseases involves different cellular functions, including the well-established secretion of autoantibodies, autoantigen presentation and ensuing reciprocal interactions with T cells, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and the generation of ectopic germinal centers. (hindawi.com)
Independent of antibody secretion B cells secrete proinflammatory cytokines, support the formation of ectopic GCs, and serve as antigen presenting cells. (hindawi.com)
These anaphylatoxins promote release of proinflammatory cytokines and serve as chemoattractants for effector cells. (hindawi.com)
Next, we summarize various cytokines produced by adipocytes that regulate the survival, activation and differentiation of B cells. (frontiersin.org)
T cell immunity is at the center of the disease contributing to the inflammatory process through the loss of tolerance to gluten and the differentiation of HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8-restricted anti-gluten inflammatory CD4 + T cells secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines and to the killing of intestinal epithelial cells by cytotoxic intraepithelial CD8 + lymphocytes. (frontiersin.org)

Here, we recovered transcriptome and immune repertoire information for polyclonal T follicular helper cells following lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection, CD8+ T cells with binding specificity restricted to two distinct LCMV peptides, and B and T cells isolated from the nervous system in the context of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. (nature.com)
Whether or not CD4 T cells act as "helper" cells to advertise optimum CD8 T cell responses throughout Mycobacterium tuberculosis is unknown. (tbdb.org)
Others may act through activation of T-CELLS or by inhibiting the activation of HELPER CELLS. (lookformedical.com)

Moreover they induce the upregulation of activating FcR on effector cells. (hindawi.com)
It has also been shown that through stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with PvRAMA in vitro, the antigen can induce CD4 + T cells to produce interleukin-10. (biomedcentral.com)
Animal models for human tumour mental animals is not easy to answer does induce adult T-cell leukaemia/ viruses that make use of animal virus- for these agents, because cancer bi- lymphoma (ATLL), albeit in monkeys es are scarce. (who.int)

Consistent with this, iNKT cells from different organs show distinct basal activation, proliferation and clonal expansion. (elifesciences.org)
In addition, various adipokines secreted by adipocytes regulate the proliferation and differentiation of T cells. (frontiersin.org)
IL-2 stimulates the proliferation of B cells, augments natural killer cell activity, and inhibits granulocyte macrophage colony formation. (thermofisher.com)
IL-18 stimulates the proliferation and IFN-γ release of CD4 + T cells in the chicken: conservation of a Th1-like system in a nonmammalian species. (southernbiotech.com)
They confer resistance against many different viruses, inhibit proliferation of normal and malignant cells, impede multiplication of intracellular parasites, enhance macrophage and granulocyte phagocytosis, augment natural killer cell activity, and show several other immunomodulatory functions. (lookformedical.com)

Since iNKT cell activation can prevent or promote immunopathology in diverse disease contexts, the strict control of peripheral iNKT cell homeostasis is vital to regulate local immunity. (elifesciences.org)
Beyond the common features shared by all iNKT cells (including their CD1-restriction and innate-like properties), cells found in discrete tissues have distinct phenotypes and functions that critically modulate the outcome of immunity ( Crosby and Kronenberg, 2018 ). (elifesciences.org)
The adaptive immune response consists of T cell-mediated cellular immunity and B cell-mediated humoral immunity. (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, adipocytes play an important role in B cell-mediated adaptive immunity. (frontiersin.org)
This review describes how adipocytes participate in adaptive immunity from the perspective of T cells and B cells, and discusses their role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Adaptive immunity is characterized by specificity, immunological memory, and self/nonself recognition ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
The T and B cells are the major components of adaptive immunity. (frontiersin.org)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved regulators of mammalian gene expression in development, immunity and pathophysiologic processes during inflammation and infection, including Chlamydia infection. (cdc.gov)

Despite this prototypical TCR repertoire gene usage, in recent years it has become apparent that there are variations within the iNKT cell repertoire that ultimately impact the antigen recognition capacity and consequently the functional outcomes during an immune response. (elifesciences.org)
The authors postulated that the age of the animal at the time of its first encounter with a foreign body was the critical factor in determining its responsiveness and, hence, its recognition of nonself antigens. (medscape.com)

Tissue homeostasis is critically dependent on the function of tissue-resident lymphocytes, including lipid-reactive invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. (elifesciences.org)

Bender BS , Croghan T , Zhang L , Small PA Jr . Transgenic mice lacking class I major histocompatibility complex-restricted T cells have delayed viral clearance and increased mortality after influenza virus challenge. (cdc.gov)
Further insights on the roles of CD8 + specificities and TCR avidity of naturally arising tumor-specific T cells, where both high and low avidity T cells recognizing the same peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) coexist in the same tumor, are crucial for understanding T cell exhaustion and resistance to PD-1 immunotherapy. (bmj.com)
Transplantation between genetically identical individuals, i.e., members of the same species with identical histocompatibility antigens, such as monozygotic twins, members of the same inbred strain, or members of a hybrid population produced by crossing certain inbred strains. (lookformedical.com)
Identification of the major histocompatibility antigens of transplant DONORS and potential recipients, usually by serological tests. (lookformedical.com)
Donor and recipient pairs should be of identical ABO blood group, and in addition should be matched as closely as possible for HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in order to minimize the likelihood of allograft rejection. (lookformedical.com)
It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. (lookformedical.com)
Besides the isolation and identification of major histocompatibility complex I-restricted peptides from the surface of cancer cells, one of the challenges is eliciting an effective antitumor CD8+ T-cell-mediated response as part of therapeutic cancer vaccine. (elifesciences.org)

Left panel: antigen bound by antibody is taken up via FcR on APCs such as dendritic cells or macrophages. (hindawi.com)
Transitional dendritic cells are distinct from conventional DC2 precursors and mediate proinflammatory antiviral responses. (stanford.edu)
High-dimensional approaches have revealed heterogeneity amongst dendritic cells (DCs), including a population of transitional DCs (tDCs) in mice and humans. (stanford.edu)
that is histopathological y very simi- T cel s, B cel s, natural kil er cel s, LMP1 of EBV can transform ro- lar to that caused by hepatitis B vi- macrophages, and dendritic cells, dent fibroblasts and is expressed rus (HBV) in humans, but it does so and this humanized mouse model in most of the human cancers as- through a different mechanism. (who.int)

Among intestinal epithelial lymphocytes, the major CD8 + T cell populations present in mice are conserved but there is a population of TCRγδ CD8αβ cells in the chicken that is not found in rodents. (southernbiotech.com)
The aim of this study was to investigate whether DAbR1 can be expressed on lymphocytes and used as a reporter gene as well as a suicide gene for therapy of immune-related adverse effects. (snmjournals.org)
In addition to antiviral activity, it activates NATURAL KILLER CELLS and B-LYMPHOCYTES , and down-regulates VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR expression through PI-3 KINASE and MAPK KINASES signaling pathways. (lookformedical.com)
All experiments performed on red cell lysed human blood gated on lymphocytes. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)

Activation, differentiation, and migration of naive virus-specific CD8+ T cells during pulmonary influenza virus infection. (cdc.gov)
Naive, effector, and memory CD8 T cells in protection against pulmonary influenza virus infection: homing properties rather than initial frequencies are crucial. (cdc.gov)
Here, we demonstrate that contamination of mice with the helminth induces a polyclonal T-cell response that is reflected by unbiased distribution of TCR-V families among naive and activated CD4 T cells. (mundial-brasil2014.net)
Different from pre-cDCs, tDCs have less turnover, capture antigen, respond to stimuli and activate antigen-specific naive T cells, all characteristics of differentiated DCs. (stanford.edu)

Tetramer staining was performed to determine the frequency and avidity of CD8 + T cells targeting the tumor-specific epitope GSW11 and confirmed with tetramer competition assays. (bmj.com)
Likewise, antigen/antibody complexes are bound by the FcR of APCs and processed in a unique fashion dependent on the epitope specificity of the bound antibody. (hindawi.com)

Separation of human Helios positive T cells (red-filled) from Helios negative T cells (black-dashed) in flow cytometry analysis (intracellular staining) of human peripheral whole blood stained using anti-human Helios (22F6) Alexa Fluor® 488 antibody (4 μl reagent / 100 μl of peripheral whole blood). (exbio.cz)
Figure A. Alexa Fluor 488 conjugated Mouse anti Human CD19 ( MCA1940A488 ) and Pacific Blue conjugated Mouse IgG1 isotype control ( MCA928PB ). (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Figure A. Alexa Fluor 488 conjugated Mouse anti Human CD19 ( MCA1940A488 ) and RPE-Alexa Fluor 647 conjugated Mouse IgG2a isotype control ( MCA929P647 ). (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Figure B. Alexa Fluor 488 conjugated Mouse anti Human CD19 ( MCA1940A488 ) and RPE-Alexa Fluor 647 conjugated Mouse anti Human HLA ABC ( MCA81P647 ). (bio-rad-antibodies.com)

However, recent studies emphasize that the individual contribution of each of these cell subsets is not sufficient and that interactions between these different populations of T cells and the simultaneous activation of innate and adaptive immune pathways in distinct gut compartments are required to promote disease immunopathology. (frontiersin.org)
Selective T cell ablation in vivo with 177 Lu-AABD seems feasible for clustered T-cell populations. (snmjournals.org)
Transcriptomic profiling of T-cell populations in non-muscle invasive and muscle invasive bladder cancer. (lu.se)

Thus, CD4 T cell assist performs a vital function in producing protecting CD8 T cell responses towards M. tuberculosis an infection in vitro and in vivo. (tbdb.org)
Influenza nucleoprotein-specific cytotoxic T-cell clones are protective in vivo. (cdc.gov)
In addition, the feasibility of imaging of DAbR1-positive T cells in vivo after intravenous injection of 86 Y/ 177 Lu-AABD was studied and radiation doses determined. (snmjournals.org)
Imaging studies showed 86 Y-AABD was retained by DAbR1-positive T cells while it continuously cleared from normal tissues, allowing for in vivo tracking of intravenously administered CAR T cells. (snmjournals.org)
We have demonstrated for the first time that T cells can be modified with DAbR1, enabling their in vivo tracking via PET and SPECT. (snmjournals.org)
For instance, mice are able to reconstitute most lymphomas in monkeys and humans woodchuck hepatitis virus induces major components of the human provides strong support for a direct hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) haematolymphoid system including oncogenic role of EBV in vivo. (who.int)

We reveal new immunomodulatory actions of the above rexinoids, especially their ability to diminish the percentage of macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the lung and to redirect activation of M2 macrophages. (aacrjournals.org)

C57BL/6 mouse splenocytes were stained with CD45R (B220) Monoclonal Antibody, FITC (Product # 11-0452-82) and 0.25 µg of Rat IgG2b kappa Isotype Control, Super Bright 600 (Product # 63-4031-82) (left) or 0.25 µg of CD3 Monoclonal Antibody, Super Bright 600 (right). (thermofisher.com)
Figure A. RPE conjugated Mouse anti Human CD19 ( MCA1940PE ) and Pacific Blue conjugated Mouse IgG2a isotype control ( MCA929PB ). (bio-rad-antibodies.com)

This includes the amount of shed antigen in the serum at the time of treatment that could initiate immune complex formation as well as the shedding of inhibitory material into the serum possibly effecting an immune response. (jcancer.org)
T cells play a large role in the cellular immune response, while B cells are intimately involved in the humoral immune response. (frontiersin.org)
First, we introduce adipocytes as APCs to participate in T cell-mediated adaptive immune response. (frontiersin.org)
The targeted disruption of a similar gene in mice leads to ulcerative colitis-like disease, which suggests a role in the immune response to antigenic stimuli. (thermofisher.com)
An immune response with both cellular and humoral components, directed against an allogeneic transplant, whose tissue antigens are not compatible with those of the recipient. (lookformedical.com)
An induced state of non-reactivity to grafted tissue from a donor organism that would ordinarily trigger a cell-mediated or humoral immune response. (lookformedical.com)
Recent advances have been made in the of host factors, polymorphisms, and candidate genes associated characterization of the immune response to low-molecular- with occupational asthma may improve our understanding of weight agents. (cdc.gov)

Monoclonals developed from these tumor antigens are in the initial phases of investigation with regard to their specificity and antitumor activity. (jcancer.org)

Functional characterization of high and low avidity GSW11-specific CD8 + T cells was conducted using flow cytometry and bulk RNA-seq. (bmj.com)
Flow cytometry: The reagent is designed for analysis of human blood cells using 4 μl reagent / 100 μl of whole blood or 10 6 cells in a suspension. (exbio.cz)
Flow cytometry Single-cell suspensions were generated from lymph nodes, spleen or PBS-perfused lung samples that had been cut into small pieces and mechanically dispersed using a 70-m nylon strainer (BD Falcon, Bedford, MA). (mundial-brasil2014.net)
Also, spleen cells of rPvRAMA-immunized mice were stimulated with rPvRAMA in vitro and levels of T cells were measured by flow cytometry. (biomedcentral.com)

Antigens that exist in alternative (allelic) forms in a single species. (lookformedical.com)
However, allelic exclusion by the transgenic TCR can be leaky so that a second, endogenous TCR -chain is expressed, resulting in a peripheral T-cell pool with oligoclonal TCR specificities. (mundial-brasil2014.net)

Several environmental, genetic, and immune factors create a "perfect storm" for the development of coeliac disease: the antigen gluten, the strong association of coeliac disease with HLA, the deamidation of gluten peptides by the enzyme transglutaminase 2 (TG2) generating peptides that bind strongly to the predisposing HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 molecules, and the ensuing unrestrained T cell response. (frontiersin.org)
These peptides were then tested in our previously described oncolytic cancer vaccine platform PeptiCRAd, a vaccine platform that combines an immunogenic oncolytic adenovirus (OAd) coated with tumor antigen peptides. (elifesciences.org)

Associations of natural variation in the cd163 and other candidate genes on host response of nursery pigs to PRRSV infection. (usda.gov)

Purified helped, however not helpless, CD8 T cells effectively prohibit intracellular bacterial progress in vitro. (tbdb.org)
The Armenian hamster monoclonal antibody 22F6 recognizes Helios, a transcription factor (intracellular antigen) expressed in some hematopoietic stem cells, and at high levels in thymic-derived regulatory T cells. (exbio.cz)
For the intracellular metabolomic analysis, cells were quickly washed three instances with PBS to remove contaminations from the metabolites in the press. (immune-source.com)

In an unassertive red-brick building on a quiet, tree-lined street on Harvard University's leafy campus in Cambridge, Massachusetts, a team of researchers is trying to endow mice with a special trait: the ability to fend off HIV. (vilcek.org)

ELISA assay confirmed the immunological specificity of the obtained protein within the presence of MTB-infected human serum samples. (tbdb.org)
Recently, an increasing number of studies have shown that adipocytes have immunological functions capable of recruiting and activating immune cells. (frontiersin.org)

Deposited immune complexes can activate complement and effector cells. (hindawi.com)
Adipocytes can directly activate CD4 + T cells through antigen:MHCII complex in a contact-dependent manner. (frontiersin.org)

If living cells from mouse strain CBA were injected into an adult mouse of strain A, some immunologic process destroyed the CBA cells, and the A-line mouse that received the CBA cells quickly destroyed any subsequent graft from the same donor strain. (medscape.com)

and TH2 (T Helper 2) which has humoral immune functions, e.g., activation of B cells to produce antibody molecules to neutralize foreign matters and (See FIG. 94). (justia.com)

Transcriptomics analyses showed pathways related to TCR signaling, cytotoxicity and oxidative phosphorylation were significantly enriched in Tet lo found in both regressing and progressing tumors compared with Tet hi , whereas genes related to DNA damage, apoptosis and autophagy were downregulated. (bmj.com)
Stat1 interacts with P53 TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN and regulates expression of GENES involved in growth control and APOPTOSIS . (lookformedical.com)

In the case that the translation products of the gene are not cell surface molecules, but molecules that are liberated into the extracellular fluid and that do not remain in the cell or near the cell membrane, it is very difficult to selectively trap the molecules to separate the cells expressing the specific gene, from other molecules with the approaches described above. (justia.com)
Plasmodium vivax rhoptry-associated membrane antigen (RAMA) is a glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein currently under consideration as a malaria vaccine candidate. (biomedcentral.com)
Plasmodium falciparum rhoptry-associated membrane antigen (PfRAMA) is a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein highly expressed in the early stage of the asexual erythrocyte cycle [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The 38 kDa protein is a serious antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis and has been broadly utilized in TB serodiagnosis, on account of its extremely sensitivity and specificity. (tbdb.org)
Right here we try to ascertain a manufacturing platform of recombinant 38 kDa protein in mammalian cells and to guage the potential worth of 38 kDa protein in TB serodiagnosis. (tbdb.org)
For the Harvard team, the target of the tool is a gene called CCR5 , which encodes a protein that adorns the surface of the immune sentinels targeted by the virus. (vilcek.org)
DAbR1 was subcloned together with green fluorescent protein into an SFG-retroviral vector and used to transduce CD3/CD28-activated primary human T cells and second-generation 1928z (CAR) T cells. (snmjournals.org)
Recombinant PvRAMA (rPvRAMA) protein was expressed and purified, and then used to immunize mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Scaffoldattachment factors are a specific subset of nuclear matrix proteins (NMP) that specifically bind toS/MAR. The encoded protein is thought to serve as a molecular base to assemble atranscriptosome complex in the vicinity of actively transcribed genes. (immune-source.com)

Utilizing two unbiased fashions , we present that CD4 T cell assist enhances CD8 effector features and prevents CD8 T cell exhaustion. (tbdb.org)

The function of the adaptive immune system is to recognize, remember and destroy invading pathogens through their antigens, and relieve pathogen-associated toxicities. (frontiersin.org)

Chicken CD8 is expressed on approximately 80% of thymocytes, 45% of blood mononuclear cells, and 50% of spleen cells but less than 1% of cells in the bursa and bone marrow. (southernbiotech.com)

Autoantibodies can bind to basic structural molecules and interfere with the synthesis of structural elements and facilitate the uptake of antigen. (hindawi.com)
This FcR-mediated antigen uptake is more efficient than antigen uptake by pinocytosis. (hindawi.com)
BCR-mediated antigen uptake can influence antigen processing and the nature of MHC-displayed T-cell determinants. (hindawi.com)
Cell surface expression of DAbR1 was confirmed by cell uptake studies with radiolabeled AABD. (snmjournals.org)
A panel of DAbR1-expressing T cells and CAR T cells exhibited greater than 8-fold increased uptake of 86 Y-AABD in vitro when compared with nontransduced cells. (snmjournals.org)

The correlation between TCR diversity and efficiency of worm expulsion can be determined by contamination of TCR-transgenic mice. (mundial-brasil2014.net)
The majority of T cells in these mice express a transgenic TCR that does not react with helminth antigens. (mundial-brasil2014.net)
Transgenic mouse models pro- fection. (who.int)
Inoculation with a high dose strains of LMP1 transgenic mice vide a powerful tool in mechanistic of EBV caused a B-cell lymphopro- were established that express LMP1 studies on the role of individual viral liferative disorder in these mice, under the control of the immunoglob- genes in cancer. (who.int)
Monographs , transgenic mouse tients. (who.int)

Mabs capable of targeting the malignancies noted above were produced following immunization of BALBc mice with the Tumor Specific Antigens. (jcancer.org)
The resulting mAbs were found to switch their isotypes to an IgG1 subsequent to chimerization and or humanization, when expressed in CHO cells. (jcancer.org)
We will also look at the combination of mAbs with immunostimulants such as GMCSF and IL-2 (fusion proteins) and eventual conjugation of the mAbs with alpha and possibly B -emitters to help in targeting bystander cells. (jcancer.org)

IgG1 was the predominant IgG subclass in rPvRAMA-immunized mice, followed by IgG2b. (biomedcentral.com)

It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. (lookformedical.com)
8000 peptide targets from the CT26 tumor cell line. (elifesciences.org)

Together, this dataset provides a resource for immunologists that can be integrated with future single-cell immune repertoire and transcriptome sequencing datasets. (nature.com)
Within peripheral tissues iNKT cell recent thymic emigrants exhibit a different TCR repertoire than mature cells, suggesting that the iNKT population is shaped after arrival to the periphery. (elifesciences.org)
Moreover, the iNKT cell TCR repertoire changes following immunisation and is shaped by age and environmental changes. (elifesciences.org)
Furthermore, it remains unclear whether a polyclonal TCR repertoire is required for a protective T-cell response against helminths. (mundial-brasil2014.net)

One of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells. (lookformedical.com)

IL2 plays an important role as a growth factor, differentiation factor, and regulator of cell death. (thermofisher.com)

Efficacy of influenza haemagglutinin and nucleoprotein as protective antigens against influenza virus infection in mice. (cdc.gov)
Webster RG , Kawaoka Y , Taylor J , Weinberg R , Paoletti E . Efficacy of nucleoprotein and haemagglutinin antigens expressed in fowlpox virus as vaccine for influenza in chickens. (cdc.gov)
Current methods used to predict or monitor the activity of infused T cells in patients provide limited data on treatment efficacy ( 6 , 7 ). (snmjournals.org)

mice on a C57BL/6 background were originally obtained from The Jackson Laboratory. (mundial-brasil2014.net)

Here, we describe for the first time a streamlined pipeline for the generation of personalized cancer vaccines starting from the isolation and selection of the most immunogenic peptide candidates expressed on the tumor cells and ending in the generation of efficient therapeutic oncolytic cancer vaccines. (elifesciences.org)

Immunologic tolerance is a state of immune unresponsiveness specific to a particular antigen or set of antigens induced by previous exposure to that antigen or set. (medscape.com)

In the case that the translation products of a gene are not cell surface molecules but localize in the cells (in the cytoplasm or in organella), the method described above cannot be adopted. (justia.com)
Also, even in the case that the translation products are present on the surfaces of cells, it is difficult to selectively separate the cells unless the molecules are specifically present on the surfaces of particular cells. (justia.com)
After processing, antigen is presented on MHC molecules. (hindawi.com)
Obese adipocytes overexpress MHC class II molecules and costimulators to act as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and promote the activation of CD4 + T cells. (frontiersin.org)
The adipocyte was reported as an antigen-presenting cell (APC) which expresses CD1d and MHC class I and II molecules. (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, like other nucleated cells, adipocytes express MHC class I molecules. (frontiersin.org)

These tumor proteins, when first defined, were referred to as tumor associated antigens. (jcancer.org)
Proteins secreted by vertebrate cells in response to a wide variety of inducers. (lookformedical.com)
Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. (lookformedical.com)

Resistance to and recovery from lethal influenza virus infection in B lymphocyte-deficient mice. (cdc.gov)
Frequency, specificity, and sites of expansion of CD8+ T cells during primary pulmonary influenza virus infection. (cdc.gov)
While several lines of evidence suggest a protective role of T cells against disease associated with Dengue virus (DENV) infection, their potential contribution to immunopathology in the acute phase of DENV infection remains controversial, and it has been hypothesized that the more severe form of the disease (dengue hemorrhagic fever, DHF) is associated with altered T cell responses. (mdpi.com)
genic models are inadequate for number of activated CD8-positive T LMP1 was strongly expressed in the understanding the cancer etiology in cells increased considerably in the lymphoma tissues but was hardly the context of natural viral infection. (who.int)
also, miR-378b(-/-) mice exhibited a relatively higher Chlamydia burden throughout the duration of infection. (cdc.gov)

Home adiponectin elisa CD4 T cell help prevents CD8 T cell exhaustion and promotes control. (tbdb.org)
Tet lo demonstrated precursor exhausted or progenitor T cell phenotypes marked by higher expression of Tcf-1 and T-bet, and lower expression of the exhaustion markers CD39, PD-1 and Eomes compared with Tet hi , whereas Tet hi cells were terminally exhausted. (bmj.com)

Both secreted autoantibodies and BCR on B cells can modulate the processing and presentation of antigen and thereby affect the nature of presented T-cell determinants. (hindawi.com)

Over a career spanning nearly three decades and a wide array of themes in immunology, Littman has unraveled intricately braided molecular pathways that control the identity of immune cells, the specificity of immune responses, the ability of immune cells to turn against their hosts, and the interplay between immune cells and the human body's microbial denizens. (vilcek.org)

iNKT cells have been traditionally defined by the expression of an invariant TCR α-chain (Vα14-Jα18 in mice or Vα24-Jα18 in humans) and their capacity to recognise the glycolipid antigen α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer) presented on CD1d. (elifesciences.org)

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. (lookformedical.com)

Conclusions Targeting subdominant T cell responses with lower avidity against pMHC affinity neoepitopes showed potential for improving PD-1 immunotherapy. (bmj.com)
Reciprocal roles of T-cell help for B cells during adaptive immune responses and B-cell help in CD4+ T-cell activation are being increasingly recognized. (hindawi.com)
Recurrent infections in young individuals with a permissive genetic background could interfere with the maturation of the mucosal immune system and the composition of the microbiome ( 17 ), and thus favor the subsequent induction of an inflammatory T cell responses and the loss of oral tolerance to dietary gluten ( 18 , 19 ). (frontiersin.org)

I thought that genetics was cool, and discovering new genes even cooler. (aai.org)

By using Fh1-deficient mouse epithelial kidney cells we have recently demonstrated that in the absence of Fh1, the TCA cycle is definitely truncated causing an build up of fumarate and succinate paralleled by a decrease of malate and citrate. (immune-source.com)

Anatomy23

Organisms13

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs144

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes46

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Antibodies13

Human leukocy2

Binds6

High specificity2

Lipid antigens2

Receptors3

Receptor6

Cytokines6

Helper cells3

Induce3

Proliferation5

Immunity8

Recognition2

Invariant natural killer1

Histocompatibility7

Dendritic4

Lymphocytes4

Naive4

Epitope2

Alexa Fluor4

Populations3

Vivo6

Macrophages1

Isotype Control2

Immune response7

Antitumor1

Flow cytometry4

Allelic2

Peptides2

Candidate genes1

Intracellular3

Endow1

Immunological2

Activate2

Graft1

Humoral1

Apoptosis2

Membrane3

Protein6

Effector1

Recognize1

Mononuclear cells1

Uptake5

Transgenic5

Mabs3

IgG2b1

Tumor cell2

Repertoire4

Peripheral blood1

Differentiation1

Efficacy3

C57BL1

Expressed on the tumor1

Exposure1

Molecules6

Proteins3

Infection5

Exhaustion2

Presentation1

Immunology1

CD1d1

Vitro1

Responses3

Genetics1

Epithelial1