• This encoded protein is expressed in many tissues, among them skeletal muscle, thymus, B- and T-cells, and may participate in regulating lineage-specific gene expression through the formation of heterodimers with other bHLH E-proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • A 200-amino acid region of human MNDA is strikingly similar to a region in the proteins encoded by a family of interferon-inducible mouse genes, designated Ifi-201, Ifi-202, and Ifi-203, that are not regulated in a cell- or tissue-specific fashion. (origene.com)
  • Here we used an affinity-purification mass spectrometry-based (AP-MS) approach to identify novel and particularly intracellular sGAG-interacting proteins in human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC). (degruyter.com)
  • Enrichment analysis for protein localization showed that mainly intracellular and cell-associated interacting proteins were identified. (degruyter.com)
  • Here we identified Nup2 in a pool of enriched proteins that co-purify with tagged Ndj1 from meiotic cell extracts. (biorxiv.org)
  • Methods of inducing differentiation in stem cells and muscle cells produced therefrom may be used for the study of cellular and molecular biology of tissue development, for the discovery of genes and proteins such as differentiation factors that play a role in tissue development and regeneration. (justia.com)
  • Every variety of cells in an exceedingly mature organism includes a distinctive assortment of proteins. (alliedacademies.org)
  • The blueprints for creating these proteins area unit found within the nucleus of every cell within the variety of DNA (DNA). (alliedacademies.org)
  • Translation factors control the translation of all proteins including those vital for cell growth and differentiation as well as those involved in cellular response to chemical toxicity. (cdc.gov)
  • To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)
  • Transfer of a single nucleus at a specific stage of development, to an enucleated unfertilized egg, provided an opportunity to investigate whether cellular differentiation to that stage involved irreversible genetic modification. (todayinsci.com)
  • It is strongly recommended that when using a reagent for the first time, users compare the spillover on cells and BD CompBead to ensure that BD CompBeads are appropriate for your specific cellular application. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Cellular differentiation of this stem cell type occurs when hormonal precursors are added to the medium. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1), also known as differentiation related gene 1, was previously identified as an up - regulated gene upon cellular differentiation. (scirp.org)
  • Meiosis is a specialized cellular program required to create haploid gametes from diploid parent cells. (biorxiv.org)
  • Our findings propose that it is not necessary to employ gene induction systems to establish immortalized erythroid cell lines sustaining differentiation potential and describe novel cellular characteristics for desired functionally competent clones. (lu.se)
  • His pioneering studies into cell-cycle control and cellular differentiation led to the programme of work at Roslin that gave birth to the first mammal to be cloned from adult cells - ie. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Cell proliferation involves the replication of all cellular contents with the required energy for this to happen. (hindawi.com)
  • In normal cells, glucose participates in cellular energy production through glycolysis as well as through its complete catabolism via the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). (hindawi.com)
  • Genovese and colleagues found, in a subset of tumor cells, after the original oncogenic driver fades, depletion of a gene called SMARCB1 results in a cellular change to mesenchymal status, a mobile and invasive cell state. (mdanderson.org)
  • We have here examined various cell-derived cytokines for their ability to enhance both the cellular outgrowth of newly infected B cells and the clonability of infected B cells and lymphoblastoid cell lines. (lu.se)
  • Our results show that the murine thymoma cell line EL-4 is superior to peripheral blood mononuclear cells in both cellular outgrowth and cloning experiments, whereas monocyte-derived factors and monocyte cell lines were less capable than peripheral blood mononuclear cells in enhancing cellular outgrowth and cloning. (lu.se)
  • function of proliferative responses provoked in the induction cell products favor immediate type hypersensitivity reactions, phase of contact allergy, the murine local lymph node assay serving as growth and differentiation factors for mast cells and (LLNA), has been accepted as a stand-alone method for skin eosinophils, the cellular effectors of the clinical manifestations of sensitization testing (NIH, 1999). (cdc.gov)
  • ABSTRACT This study examined haematopoietic stem cells of 19 high-risk cases of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) for apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signals and cellular proliferation and correlated these with clinical and cytogenetic subtypes, particularly trisomy 8. (who.int)
  • Human bmMSCs were described in the late nineties as well [ 6 ] and at the same time a breakthrough study investigated the expression of typical cell surface markers and the proliferation and differentiation properties of human MSCs in more detail [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Human BeWo cell line has been used to study the effects of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) on the proliferation and gene transcription in the BeWo trophoblast cell line. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Even though its sequence along with its expressional pattern in cancer cell lines are evident, the functional aspects concerning cell proliferation, viability, differentiation and cell cycle regulation of NDRG1 remains vague. (scirp.org)
  • Unpredictably, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and DNA synthesis were unaffected fol lowing NDRG1 expression. (scirp.org)
  • T. Napso, N. Azzam, A. Lerner and F. Fares, " N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1 Increases Differentiation Factors Level in Human Prostate Cancer Cells without Affecting Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle Profiles," Journal of Cancer Therapy , Vol. 4 No. 2, 2013, pp. 568-574. (scirp.org)
  • First, we are interested in Epstein Barr Virus-mediated mechanisms of immune evasion with particular emphasis on pathways that promote survival and proliferation of EBV B cell lymphomas, the characterization of the human T cell and NK cell response to EBV and the identification of novel therapeutics for treatment of EBV B cell lymphomas. (stanford.edu)
  • To prevent aberrant cell proliferation, these pathways are tightly regulated. (hindawi.com)
  • This activation is necessary for both cell proliferation as well as glucose uptake and use. (hindawi.com)
  • the regulation of the proliferation, differentiation and activity of leukocytes (Dale et. (referat.ru)
  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a potent inducer of polyclonal B lymphocyte proliferation and is widely used as a tool for the establishment of B cell lines producing human monoclonal antibodies. (lu.se)
  • These are the malignant proliferations of abnormal clones of white blood cells within the bone marrow that are broadly categorized into lymphoid and myeloid neoplasms depending on the type of white cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • Transcription factor over-expression is a proven method for reprogramming cells to a desired cell type for regenerative medicine and therapeutic discovery. (nature.com)
  • In its pattern of expression and/or regulation, MNDA resembles IFI16, suggesting that these genes participate in blood cell-specific responses to interferons. (origene.com)
  • Expression of AND-34 regulates epithelial cell growth pattern, motility, and growth factor dependence. (molvis.org)
  • T-bet expression correlates with IFNgamma expression in Th1 and NK cells. (nih.gov)
  • ORF sequences can be delivered in our standard vector, pcDNA3.1 + /C-(K)DYK or the vector of your choice as an expression/transfection-ready ORF clone. (genscript.com)
  • We present a novel and efficient non-integrating gene expression system in human embryonic stem cells (hESc) utilizing human artificial chromosomes (HAC), which behave as autonomous endogenous host chromosomes and segregate correctly during cell division. (nih.gov)
  • However, differentiation-defective iPSC clones maintained high LTR expression levels, which indicated that these clones failed to complete reprogramming. (nih.gov)
  • The expression of KLF4 was low in normal iPSC clones, but remained high in differentiation-defective clones. (nih.gov)
  • The forced expression of KLF4 in human embryonic stem cells led to the activation of LTRs and defects in neural differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • Furthermore, human cDNA of NDRG1 from normal placenta was cloned into a eukaryotic expression vector and transfected into the three cancer cell lines. (scirp.org)
  • This resulted in over-expression of NDRG1, which in turn markedly up regulated two differentiation markers of the prostate tissue, p21 and cytokeratin 8/18. (scirp.org)
  • These results revealed that NDRG1 is functional in prostate cancer cells and able to induce expression of differentiation factors through p53 independent pathway. (scirp.org)
  • N. van Belzen, W. N. Dinjens, B. H. Eussen and F. T. Bosman, "Expression of Differentiation-Related Genes in Colorectal Cancer: Possible Implications for Prognosis," Histology and Histopathology, Vol. 13, No. 4, 1998, pp. 1233-1242. (scirp.org)
  • The ectopic expression of human papilloma virus (HPV) E6/E7 gene has successfully been employed to establish these cell lines. (lu.se)
  • To induce differentiation and maturation of the immortalized cell lines, terminating the HPV-E6/E7 expression through a gene induction system has been believed to be essential. (lu.se)
  • Here, we report that erythroid cell lines established from human bone marrow using simple expression of HPV-E6/E7 are capable of normal erythroid differentiation, without turning gene expression off. (lu.se)
  • Upon differentiation, other ELLU clones shift from fetal to adult hemoglobin expression, giving rise to more mature cells. (lu.se)
  • During differentiation the expression of stem cell specific genes and markers are often lost and cells acquire gene expression profiles of somatic cells or their precursors. (justia.com)
  • Generally, when a stem cell culture is induced to differentiate, the differentiated population is analysed for particular cell types by expression of genes, markers or phenotypic analysis. (justia.com)
  • These observations support the hypothesis that axonal influences affect oligodendrocyte survival, differentiation, and expression of proteolipid protein gene products. (rupress.org)
  • Automatically expanded hiPSCs exhibit normal growth characteristics, and show sustained expression of the pluripotency associated stem cell marker TRA-1-60 over at least 5 weeks (10 passages). (frontiersin.org)
  • By employing the real time PCR technique, we have investigated the expression levels of various translation factors in human cancer cell lines and their corresponding controls. (cdc.gov)
  • Similarly, expression levels of the translation factors were investigated in human prostate epithelial cells, RWPE1, exposed to a cytotoxic concentration of cadmium chloride. (cdc.gov)
  • Among the translation factors studied, the expression level of translation elongation factor 1A2 (TEF1A2) exhibited the highest alteration (approximately 2000-fold overexpression) in the cancer cell lines compared with the corresponding controls. (cdc.gov)
  • The present results also suggest that one potential role of the MP6-derived thioredoxin could be the up regulation of IL-6 receptor expression in EBV-infected B cells. (lu.se)
  • immature cell is then subjected to negative selection to delete grouped based on their previously defined pheno- self-reactive cells before it leaves the BM to enter peripheral typic features, and a gene expression pattern for lymphoid organs, where it becomes a mature B cell [9]. (lu.se)
  • the gene expression profile during B lymphoid differentiation. (lu.se)
  • B lymphocyte development is a highly ordered process pro- expression analysis without the use of intermediate amplifica- ceeding from the progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) to tion steps. (lu.se)
  • Both the structure of the PGs and the GAG chains, and the expression of the enzymes involved in their biosynthesis and degradation, vary between normal cells and tumor cells. (lu.se)
  • Nousbeck J, Sarig O, Magal L, Warshauer E, Burger B, Itin P, Sprecher E. Mutations in SMARCAD1 cause autosomal dominant adermatoglyphia and perturb the expression of epidermal differentiation-associated genes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Our results suggest that although trisomy 8 cells are in a pro-apoptotic state, they are checked by the enhanced expression of anti-apoptotic signals which provide them with their proliferative advantage. (who.int)
  • Expression increases throughout myelocyte differentiation and peaks in the mature myelomonocytic cells. (lu.se)
  • Expression detected in several myeloid leukemic, colon cancer, and prostate cancer cell lines. (lu.se)
  • Fertilization of mammalian eggs is followed by successive cell divisions and progressive differentiation, first into the early embryo and subsequently into all of the cell types that make up the adult animal. (todayinsci.com)
  • Viable Offspring Derived from Petal and Adult Mammalian Cells', Nature (1997), 385 , 810. (todayinsci.com)
  • Trichostatin A (TSA) is a Streptomyces metabolite, which specifically inhibits mammalian histone deacetylase at a nanomolar concentration and causes accumulation of highly acetylated histone molecules in mammalian cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • His research blossomed after he came to Roslin Institute where in a series of papers he put the intellectual framework into the method of mammalian cloning that ultimately led to the birth of Dolly in 1996. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Scientists have applied somatic cell nuclear transfer to clone human and mammalian embryos as a means to produce stem cells for laboratory and medical use. (asu.edu)
  • Mammalian cells produce PGs, which are involved in biological processes such as cell growth and differentiation. (lu.se)
  • We identified 24 common genes that were significantly altered in both PMNs and PBMCs, including genes involved in IFN signaling that were downregulated after treatment in both cell populations, and IL1R1 that was upregulated. (frontiersin.org)
  • K. Kokame, H. Kato and T. Miyata, "Homocysteine-Respondent Genes in Vascular Endothelial Cells Identified by Differential Display Analysis. (scirp.org)
  • In some cases, "master" genes have been described which control differentiation versus self-renewal. (justia.com)
  • Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)
  • Gene Therapy Although gene therapy is defined as any treatment that changes gene function, it is often thought of as the insertion of normal genes into the cells of a person who lacks such normal genes because. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Genes and Chromosomes Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body or the code for functional ribonucleic. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The full-length isoform is active (expressed) in multiple tissues, where it regulates the activity of a wide variety of genes involved in maintaining the stability of cells' genetic information. (medlineplus.gov)
  • culturing a stem cell in the presence of an embryonic cell and/or extracellular medium of an embryonic cell, under conditions that induce differentiation of the stem cell. (justia.com)
  • The intricate molecular mechanisms involved in the regenerative process of the normal intestine and the identity of putative somatic intestinal stem cells have become clear. (mdpi.com)
  • Dolly the Sheep, the first mammal to be cloned from an adult derived somatic cell, was born in 1996. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a technology applied in cloning, stem cell research and regenerative medicine. (asu.edu)
  • Somatic cells are cells that have gone through the differentiation process and are not germ cells. (asu.edu)
  • The birth of lambs from differentiated fetal and adult cells also reinforces previous speculation that by inducing donor cells to became quiescent it will be possible to obtain normal development from a wide variety of differentiated cells. (todayinsci.com)
  • 1983) and the multipotent progenitor cells from fetal disease (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 2000). (lu.se)
  • Naive T helper cells differentiate into two subsets, Th1 and Th2, each with distinct functions and cytokine profiles. (nih.gov)
  • Differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to cells of the endoderm lineage with our specialized cell culture media. (stemcell.com)
  • To directly differentiate to pancreatic cells, use our pancreatic progenitor kit to generate functional PDX1 + /NKX6.1 + cells that can be matured into insulin-producing beta cells. (stemcell.com)
  • Through simply changing cell culture conditions, a newly established cell line, Erythroid Line from Lund University (ELLU), is able to differentiate toward mature cells, including enucleated reticulocytes. (lu.se)
  • ELLU is heterogeneous and, unexpectedly, clones expressing adult hemoglobin rapidly differentiate and produce fragile cells. (lu.se)
  • In particular, the induction of stem cells to differentiate into muscle cells (myocytes) is useful for muscle transplantation and therapeutic purposes, as well as providing potential human disease models in culture (e.g. for testing pharmaceuticals). (justia.com)
  • because the embryo develops, some cells differentiate, whereas others, referred to as stem cells stay pluripotent, which suggests that they will bring about to a particular set of cell sorts referred to as a lineage. (alliedacademies.org)
  • However, transplanting other than hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is still limited to a few applications, and it mainly applies to mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from bone marrow. (hindawi.com)
  • At the same time, by asymmetric cell division or after specific activation, stem cells must be able to generate more mature progenitor cells or differentiated effector cells (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
  • They display differentiation capacities and therefore qualify as multipotent progenitor cells (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
  • Human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) are adult stem cells, located in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. (intechopen.com)
  • Different phenotypes and subtypes of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), such as early and late EPCs, have been described according to their functionality. (intechopen.com)
  • Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microsurgery and genetics reveal the logic of developmental control: Gene cloning and sequencing reveal. (alliedacademies.org)
  • genetics of a complex differentiation process. (lu.se)
  • Expansion of MSCs was shown to be limited to a few passages of in vitro culture and the cells underwent replicative senescence [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Changes in the differentiation potential of MSCs after in vitro expansion were noted and chondrogenic clones especially disappeared early on [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, available in vitro protocols for expansion of MSCs do not yield true stem cells. (hindawi.com)
  • The induction of a specific differentiated cell type can be useful for transplantation or drug screening and drug discovery in vitro. (justia.com)
  • Many sources state that cloning is just simply an extension of in vitro fertilization, but the root of cloning goes further than that. (benjaminbarber.org)
  • Cloning embryos is different from the genetic process of in vitro fertilization, but still holds many similarities with it. (benjaminbarber.org)
  • The fact that a lamb was derived from an adult cell confirms that differentiation of that cell did not involve the irreversible modification of genetic material required far development to term. (todayinsci.com)
  • A clone is an organism that is a genetic copy of an existing one. (who.int)
  • 2. Nuclear transfer is a technique used to duplicate genetic material by creating an embryo through the transfer and fusion of a diploid cell in an enucleated female oocyte.2 Cloning has a broader meaning than nuclear transfer as it also involves gene replication and natural or induced embryo splitting (see Annex 1). (who.int)
  • Thus, T-bet initiates Th1 lineage development from naive Thp cells both by activating Th1 genetic programs and by repressing the opposing Th2 programs. (nih.gov)
  • This is the first report of successfully generating gene expressing de novo HAC in hESc, and is a significant step towards the genetic manipulation of stem cells and potential therapeutic applications. (nih.gov)
  • There he continued his research on the cloning and genetic modification of livestock. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Therefore, the root for understanding the method of differentiation lies within the nucleus of the first fertilized ovum, that contains all of the genetic directions (DNA) to create all of the cell sort repertoire of the mature organism. (alliedacademies.org)
  • However, cancer cells overcome these controls, in particular by acquiring genetic mutations leading to the activation of oncogenes (pten, myc) or loss of tumor suppressors (p53) [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In contrast, cancer cells shift their metabolism toward lactate production even in the presence of oxygen [ 4 ], partly through genetic modifications that stabilize the transcription factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) involved in the adaptation of the cells to hypoxia, under nonhypoxic conditions as well as generating an adaptive response to the hypoxic microenvironment (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
  • While human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) provide novel prospects for disease-modeling, the high phenotypic variability seen across different lines demands usage of large hiPSC cohorts to decipher the impact of individual genetic variants. (frontiersin.org)
  • In the now-famous "Dolly" experiments, cells from a sheep (donor cells) were fused with unfertilized sheep eggs from another sheep (recipient cells) from which the natural genetic material was removed by microsurgery. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Then the genetic material from the donor cells was transferred into the unfertilized eggs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • As expected, Dolly was an exact genetic copy of the original sheep from which the donor cells were taken, not of the sheep that provided the eggs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Studies suggest that cloned higher animals (and thus humans) are more likely to have serious or fatal genetic defects than normally conceived offspring. (msdmanuals.com)
  • These genetic changes prevent the production of any functional skin-specific isoform from one copy of the gene, which reduces the total amount of this protein in skin cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Within Host Evolution Selects for a Dominant Genotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis while T Cells Increase Pathogen Genetic Diversity. (cdc.gov)
  • We recently showed that some human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) clones were defective in neural differentiation and were marked with the activation of long term repeats (LTRs) of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs). (nih.gov)
  • Deliver 2 clonally expanded mycoplasma free iPSC lines (15 x 300k cells). (lu.se)
  • Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the embryo and are pluripotent, thus possessing the capability of developing into any organ, cell type or tissue type. (justia.com)
  • Whilst differentiation of some lineage specific stem cells can be induced with a degree of certainty, a differentiation outcome of a population of pluripotent stem cells is less predictable. (justia.com)
  • The advent of the human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) technology offers unprecedented opportunities for disease modeling, personalized medicine, and the development of new therapeutic interventions. (frontiersin.org)
  • 2005). Notch1 and syndecan-1 potent human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (lu.se)
  • The hESc retained pluripotency, differentiation and teratoma formation capabilities. (nih.gov)
  • These results demonstrated that the transient overexpression of KLF4/LTR/lincRNA-RoR played crucial roles in reprogramming toward pluripotency in humans, whereas a failure in its re-silence resulted in differentiation defects. (nih.gov)
  • cell authentication (STR), pluripotency and undifferentiated state confirmation, molecular karyotype, g-banding and iPS growth pattern and morphology analysis. (lu.se)
  • The myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) is detected only in nuclei of cells of the granulocyte-monocyte lineage. (origene.com)
  • Several cells are known to initiate the process of plasma cell differentiation and are known collectively as antigen presenting cells (APCs) (Waller & Renwick, 1994). (referat.ru)
  • LymphokinesThe antigen on the surface of the APC triggers TH-cells to produce hormone-like lymphokines (Lessof, 1993). (referat.ru)
  • This complex has several functions: for instance, to immobilise an antigen therefore preventing attack upon host cells, to block active toxic regions of particular bacteria, and to allow phagocytic attack. (referat.ru)
  • Memory cellsOnce the antigens have been destroyed the plasma cells disappear leaving a few as memory cells which enable a swift response upon second exposure to the antigen (Trounce, 1997). (referat.ru)
  • The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is com- isolate the NSCs from neonatal mice and rats (Campos monly used as a cell surface marker to identify the pluri- et al. (lu.se)
  • SIV antigen has been demonstrated by immunohistochemical methods in lymph node sinus histiocytes, macrophages, and giant cells (14) as well as in macrophage-derived cells in brain tissue from diseased monkeys (8). (cdc.gov)
  • The following Rnmt gene cDNA ORF clone sequences were retrieved from the NCBI Reference Sequence Database (RefSeq). (genscript.com)
  • Further transcriptomic analysis of isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and PMNs from patients with acute brucellosis before treatment initiation and after successful treatment revealed a positive correlation of the molecular signature of active disease with pathways associated with response to interferons (IFN). (frontiersin.org)
  • The main issue as to whether or not human cloning is possible through the splitting of embryos began in 1993 when experimentation was done at George Washington University Medical Center in Washington D. C. There Dr. Jerry Hall experimented with the possibility of human cloning and began this moral and ethical debate. (benjaminbarber.org)
  • They attempted to create seventeen human embryos in a laboratory dish and when it had grown enough, separated them into forty-eight individual cells. (benjaminbarber.org)
  • Two of the separated cells survived for a few days in the lab developed into new human embryos smaller than the head of a pin and consisting of thirty-two cells each (Brownlee 24). (benjaminbarber.org)
  • The discovery of this new class of SSCs is based on the conjunction of evidence from unbiased single-cell molecular profiling and functional dissection of the BMSC lineage hierarchy using in vivo cell lineage analysis. (nature.com)
  • However, the molecular pathways that lead to specification and terminal differentiation of specific cell types, such as myocytes, from embryonic stem cells during development are not entirely clear. (justia.com)
  • Its Molecular Mechanisms the process of cell specialization throughout development is termed differentiation. (alliedacademies.org)
  • A key challenge in treating cancer stems from molecular and genomic variability of tumor cells, which causes functional differences across cells that can fuel resistance to treatment. (mdanderson.org)
  • basic characterization, including cell authentication (STR), undifferentiated state (FACS) and molecular karyotyping. (lu.se)
  • Typically, rapidly proliferating tumor cells have glycolytic rates up to 200 times higher than those of their normal tissue of origin, even in the presence of oxygen [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • A team from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center describes this week in the journal Nature a series of preclinical experiments using patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDXs) and mouse models that point to potential treatments for patients with a rapidly-progressing and resistant subgroup of tumor cells. (mdanderson.org)
  • Translation initiation factor 5A2 (TIF5A2) and translation elongation factor 1delta (TEF1 delta) also exhibited significant overexpression (10- and 5-fold overexpression, respectively) in the tumor cells compared with the corresponding control cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Note: When using high concentrations of antibody, background binding of this dye to erythroid cell subsets (mature erythrocytes and precursors) has been observed. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Ex vivo manufactured red blood cells (RBC) generated from immortalized erythroid cell lines which can continuously grow are expected to become a significant alternative in future transfusion therapies. (lu.se)
  • 5. In 2001, France and Germany requested the United Nations General Assembly to develop international conventions on human reproductive cloning, therapeutic cloning and research on stem cells. (who.int)
  • HAC have so far been obtained in immortalized or tumour-derived cell lines, but never in stem cells, thus limiting their potential therapeutic application. (nih.gov)
  • The present invention also provides methods of using the differentiated cells of the present invention for therapeutic purposes. (justia.com)
  • The induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation in stem cells is especially useful in developing therapeutic methods and products for heart disease and abnormal heart conditions. (justia.com)
  • This pioneering study has helped pave the way for others to develop gene and stem-cell based strategies for therapeutic purposes. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • These malignancies are further characterized by the maturity and differentiation of the individual cell types and are divided into acute leukemias such as acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic leukemias such as chronic myeloid leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (medscape.com)
  • The white blood cells (leukocytes) are further divided into phagocytes or myeloid (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes) and immunocytes or lymphoid (lymphocytes). (medscape.com)
  • The bone marrow contains various populations of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) in the stromal compartment, which are important regulators of bone formation. (nature.com)
  • It is well-described that leptin receptor (LepR) + perivascular stromal cells provide a major source of bone-forming osteoblasts in adult and aged bone marrow. (nature.com)
  • These Fgfr3 + stem/stromal cells with OCT identities are abundant in the young bone marrow and depleted in the old bone marrow, denoting their transitional nature. (nature.com)
  • The term "transitional" emphasizes the unique feature of these cells that are particularly abundant in the young bone marrow. (nature.com)
  • Overall, our findings indicate that Fgfr3 + endosteal stem/stromal cells with OCT identities dictate active and aggressive osteogenesis, identifying these cells as an important regulator of long-term bone homeostasis. (nature.com)
  • Today, more than 50 years after the first successful bone marrow transplantation, clinical application of hematopoietic stem cells is a routine procedure, saving the lives of many every day. (hindawi.com)
  • Recently, MSCs isolated from bone marrow (bmMSCs) were shown to be a blend of distinct cells and MSCs isolated from different tissues show besides some common features also some significant differences. (hindawi.com)
  • The MSCs have been described for the first time as colony forming fibroblasts (CFU-F), a rare population of cells residing in the bone marrow of guinea-pigs or mice [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • It seems that the term "stem cell" became more popular although the "stemness" was only shown in a more strict sense for MSCs involved in osteogenesis and bone repair. (hindawi.com)
  • Nowadays, experts agree that MSCs may generate upon appropriate stimulation quite different mature cells including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, tenocytes, adipocytes, smooth muscle cells, and stromal cells of the bone marrow [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Decreased WBC count, leukopenia, is seen when supply is depleted by infection or treatment such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy, or when a hematopoietic stem cell abnormality does not allow normal growth/maturation within the bone marrow, such as myelodysplastic syndrome or leukemia. (medscape.com)
  • 15]. The percentage of bone common of which are trisomy 8, mono- marrow blast cells for estimation of the Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is somy 7 and 5q- [11]. (who.int)
  • A reduction in the cell fusion index and the number of nuclei in the syncytiotrophoblast are found in the placentas of pregnancies complicated by IUGR, suggesting that the occurrence of IUGR may be related to inadequate trophoblast syncytialization. (bvsalud.org)
  • Different characteristics of the nuclei and cytoplasm of the cell allow differentiation by instrumentation and microscopy. (medscape.com)
  • 4. Dilute the antibody 1:10 in 1× PBS, and stain the cells by adding 50 µl of the diluted antibody conjugate to each well and incubating for 1 hour at RT. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • HUMORAL IMMUNITYHumoral or antibody-mediated immunity is associated with B-lymphocyte cells. (referat.ru)
  • However, because of low transformability, low clonability, and the inherent instability of EBV-infected B cells, valuable antibody-producing B cells are often lost during this procedure. (lu.se)
  • English embryologist who in 1996 supervised the team of scientists that produced a lamb named Dolly, the first mammal cloned from a cell from an adult. (todayinsci.com)
  • Professor Campbell was instrumental in the creation of Dolly the Sheep, the first cloned mammal, a breakthrough which paved the way for the successful cloning of many other mammal species. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Remarkably, retroviral gene transduction of T-bet into polarized Th2 and Tc2 primary T cells redirects them into Th1 and Tc1 cells, respectively, as evidenced by the simultaneous induction of IFNgamma and repression of IL-4 and IL-5. (nih.gov)
  • CD133+), but are rarely codetected with the neural stem dents, very few human-specific NSC markers have been cell (NSC) marker CD15. (lu.se)
  • 2000). In *Correspondence to: Perrine Barraud, Department of Veterinary Medi- contrast, several cell surface markers have been used to cine, Neurosciences, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OES, United enrich for NSCs in the rodent CNS. (lu.se)
  • Cadmium -induced cell transformation and tumorigenesis were found, at least in part, to be mediated through overexpression of TIF3 and TEF-1delta. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure of RWPE1 cells to a cytotoxic concentration of cadmium chloride also resulted in overexpression of several translation factors. (cdc.gov)
  • Further, Fgfr3 + endosteal stromal cells give rise to aggressive osteosarcoma-like lesions upon loss of p53 tumor suppressor through unregulated self-renewal and aberrant osteogenic fates. (nature.com)
  • To qualify as stem cells, self-renewal has to be shown as well [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Overview on self-renewal or differentiation of stem cells in their respective stem cell niche. (hindawi.com)
  • The first offspring to develop from a differentiated cell were born after nuclear transfer from an embryo-derived cell line that had been induced to became quiescent. (todayinsci.com)
  • Using the same procedure, we now report the birth of live lambs from three new cell populations established from adult mammary gland, fetus and embryo. (todayinsci.com)
  • These clones provided direct evidence that the epicardium is a heterogeneous population of cells. (arizona.edu)
  • For researchers studying these cell populations, or in cases where light scatter gating does not adequately exclude these cells from the analysis, this background may be an important factor to consider when selecting reagents for panel(s). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • We are working to dissect the cell populations within tumors to attempt to understand the functional vulnerabilities of each, then to plan for more rational combinatorial treatment approaches," said Giulio Draetta , M.D., Ph.D., professor of Genomic Medicine and director of MD Anderson's Institute for Applied Cancer Science . (mdanderson.org)
  • They identified two major sub-populations, one preserving simpler epithelial differentiation, one displaying mesenchymal features. (mdanderson.org)
  • Profiling the two types of escaper populations revealed that mesenchymal clones are characterized by the extinction of KRAS signaling, a common driver of pancreatic cancer, and the abnormal activation of epigenetic programs regulated by the chromatin remodeling factor SMARCB1. (mdanderson.org)
  • WHA50.37 of 1997 argues that human cloning is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human integrity and morality. (who.int)
  • A Novel Gene Which Is Up-Regulated during Colon Epithelial Cell Differentiation and Down-Regulated in Colorectal Neoplasms," Laboratory Investigation: A Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology, Vol. 77, No. 1, 1997, pp. 85-92. (scirp.org)
  • J Cell Biol (1997) 137 (2): 459-468. (rupress.org)
  • Both epithelial and mesenchymal components of carcinosarcoma show high-grade malignant cells. (medscape.com)
  • To identify and study the impact of pancreatic cancer cell plasticity, the team established an experimental approach to isolate and characterize single cell clones called "escapers" that spontaneously acquire malignant features. (mdanderson.org)
  • We have developed a feeder-free, Sendai virus-mediated reprogramming protocol suitable for cell culture processing via a robotic liquid handling unit that delivers footprint-free hiPSCs within 3 weeks with state-of-the-art efficiencies. (frontiersin.org)
  • It is a method that involves the production of a group of identical cells or organisms that all derive from a single individual (Grolier 220). (benjaminbarber.org)
  • A clone is a group of genetically identical cells or organisms derived from a single cell or individual. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Differentiation of stem cells is known be triggered by various growth factors and regulatory molecules. (justia.com)
  • These conditions include growing the cells to high or low density, changing media, introducing or removing cytokines, hormones and growth factors, creating an environment which suits differentiation toward a specific cell type, such as providing a suitable substrate. (justia.com)
  • Professor Campbell was a cell biologist/embryologist with a research career spanning more than 30 years, the majority of which was in the field of cell growth and differentiation. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Furthermore, the human T cell hybridoma cell line MP6 that secretes a B cell growth and differentiation factor, recently identified as an isoform of thioredoxin, is also capable of stimulating EBV-infected B cells and lymphoblastoid cell lines. (lu.se)
  • Next, we show that the proepicardium, which provides the precursor cells required for epicardial and coronary vessel development, migrates to the developing heart via direct contact of multicellular proepicardial villi to the developing myocardium. (arizona.edu)
  • He then moved to PPLTherapeutics, the company that was spun out from Roslin Institute, where that procedure and his expertise led to the birth of cloned and genetically modified sheep, pigs and cattle. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • These Fgfr3-creER -marked endosteal stromal cells contribute to a stem cell fraction in young stages, which is later replaced by Lepr-cre -marked stromal cells in adult stages. (nature.com)
  • MSCs were also investigated for stem cell qualities in vivo. (hindawi.com)
  • upregulated by Bic (60 M) which eventually resulted in cell apoptosis. (mingsheng88.org)
  • A successful therapy must therefore eliminate these cells known to be highly resistant to apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
  • In this paper, we describe the metabolic changes as well as the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis occurring in cancer cells and cancer stem cells, underlying the connection between these two processes. (hindawi.com)
  • The process of differentiation in stem cells involves selective development of immature cells to committed and fully mature cells of various lineages. (justia.com)
  • The second method of cloning a human involves taking cells from an already existing human being and cloning them, in turn creating other individuals that are identical to that particular person. (benjaminbarber.org)
  • 2000. A metabolite of methoxychlor, 2,2-bis( p hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane, reduces testosterone biosynthesis in rat leydig cells through suppression of steady-state messenger ribonucleic acid levels of the cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme. (cdc.gov)
  • The microtubule cytoskeleton is critical for muscle cell differentiation and undergoes reorganisation into an array of paraxial microtubules, which serves as template for contractile sarcomere formation. (elifesciences.org)
  • A subset of epicardial cells undergoes EMT, migrates into the developing heart, and differentiates into cardiac fibroblast, vascular endothelial, and smooth muscle cells. (arizona.edu)
  • Inevitably most people will remember him for Dolly the sheep although his recent work was focused on fundamental and applied stem cell research as a tool for the study of human disease. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • See More Use our definitive endoderm (DE) differentiation kit to obtain functional DE cells that are capable of downstream differentiation to hepatic, intestinal, pancreatic and pulmonary cells. (stemcell.com)
  • Stem cells are undifferentiated cells which can give rise to a succession of mature functional cells. (justia.com)
  • We show that oMAP4 is expressed upon muscle cell differentiation and is the only MAP4 isoform essential for normal progression of the myogenic differentiation programme. (elifesciences.org)
  • However, the pathway downstream NDRG1, involving p21 and c8/18, regulating cell cycle progression and DNA synthesis is unfunctional. (scirp.org)
  • Accumulating evidence shows that cancer stem cells are key drivers of tumor formation, progression, and recurrence. (hindawi.com)