• Various studies have shown though, that PUMA does not rely on direct interaction with Bax/Bak to induce apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many cancers do exhibit p53 gene mutations, making gene therapies that target this gene[clarification needed] impossible, but an alternate pathway may be to focus on therapeutic to target PUMA and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Inhibiting PUMA induced apoptosis may be an interesting target for reducing the side effects of cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, which induce apoptosis in rapidly dividing healthy cells in addition to rapidly dividing cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • On the other hand, Triphala failed to induce apoptosis or activate ERK or p53 in normal human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE-6) cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • With the objective of developing stronger anticancer compounds, we studied 18 recently described CAPE derivatives for their ability to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines. (propolisscience.org)
  • In bax − / − bak − / − cells, introduction of Bak mutants selectively targeted to either mitochondria or the ER can induce apoptosis. (rupress.org)
  • In addition, a recent report [ 15 ] revealed that SSc autoantibodies bind to CMV late protein UL94 and induce apoptosis in endothelial cells therefore implicating molecular mimicry as a potential mechanism accounting for the link between SSc and CMV. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At high concentrations, NSAIDs have anticarcinogenic properties operating through cyclooxygenase-2-dependent and -independent pathways to inhibit cellular proliferation, inhibit angiogenesis, and induce apoptosis. (medscape.com)
  • Studies have shown that xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) accelerates tumor growth, and also induces mutations or produces cytotoxic effects concurrently. (medsci.org)
  • Here we show that methanolic extracts of Sapota fruit (MESF) induces cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner in cancer cell lines. (nature.com)
  • Because PUMA has high affinity for binding to Bcl-2 family members, another hypothesis is that PUMA directly activates Bax and/or Bak and through Bax multimerization triggers mitochondrial translocation and with it induces apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • This increase in PUMA levels induces apoptosis through mitochondrial dysfunction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Khz ( fusion of Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus mycelia ) induces apoptosis by increasing intracellular calcium levels and activating JNK and NADPH oxidase-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species. (springer.com)
  • By regulating the expression of several genes in host liver cells, NS5A also induces cellular proliferation, and influences the curative effect of interferon ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Reishi inhibits proliferation and induces programmed cell death in human prostate cancer cells. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Ganoderma lucidum inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells PC-3. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • The Bcr-Abl protein induces the upregulation of proto-oncogene c-Jun, which is involved in Bcr-Abl transforming activity in Bcr-Abl positive cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • This study is the first to show that VALD-3 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer cells by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling, indicating that it could be a potential drug for the treatment of breast cancer. (researchsquare.com)
  • In normal cells, mdm2 availability is controlled by ARF, the product of the p14ARF gene located on INK4a/ARF locus, which binds with mdm2 and induces its degradation. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, based on clinical experience as well as cytotoxic activity against multiple human cancer cells, we hypothesized that induction of apoptosis is the underlying mechanism for the treatment of psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
  • Green husk extract generates an antiproliferative effect in HL-60 cells, which is related to an induction of the early stages of apoptosis and a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. (ejbiotechnology.info)
  • Extracts prepared from Trametes versicolor under the trade name of I'm-Yunity exhibit anti-tumorigenic activities, as supported by inhibition of the proliferation and induction of apoptosis in malignant cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Moreover, ethanolic extracts of I'm-Yunity-Too exhibited more potent activity compared to its aqueous extracts with regard to suppression of the growth and induction of apoptosis, as assayed by the more pronounced downregulation of phosphorylation of Rb and increased cleavage of poly(ADP‑ribose) polymerase (PARP) from its native 112-kDa form to the inactive 89-kDa product. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Strong induction of apoptosis in one compartment of the Drosophila wing disc causes apoptosis of cells in the other compartment, indicating that dying cells can release long-range death factors. (elifesciences.org)
  • Induction of apoptosis by ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum in human gastric carcinoma cells. (springer.com)
  • Triphala-mediated reduced cell survival correlated with induction of apoptosis, which was associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Solanum nigrum (SN) is a herb with anticancer effects such as destruction of tumor cell membrane, induction of apoptosis by NF-kappaB, caspase activation, nitric oxide production and inhibition of angiogenesis [ 3 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Therefore, remedies based on the induction of programmed cell death attracted greater attention for cancer treatment [ 8 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Induction of apoptosis leads to characteristic cellular changes leading to death. (ijpsonline.com)
  • The stilbene promoted p53-dependent apoptosis, whereas EGF opposed induction of apoptosis by resveratrol via a PKC-α-mediated mechanism. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • c-Jun did not alter growth inhibition and apoptotic induction by STI571 treatment, but inhibited STI571-induced erythroid differentiation. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Moreover, c-Jun did not alter growth inhibition and apoptotic induction by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (apicidin, sodium butyrate, and MS275) treatment, but inhibited HDAC inhibitors-induced erythroid differentiation. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Apoptosis induction was further confirmed by morphological changes, an increase in Caspase 3/7 and a decrease in the ATP levels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We isolated primary tumor cells from 13 astrocytoma and oligoastrocytoma patients of all four WHO grades of malignancy and compared the levels of TRAIL-induced apoptosis induction, long-term tumor cell survival, caspase, and caspase target cleavage. (aacrjournals.org)
  • More than 15 years ago, cholesterol decrement was first shown to inhibit tumor cell growth, metastasis of tumor cells, and induction of apoptosis (7). (cdc.gov)
  • Moreover, our results showed that PCA increased the intracellular levels of glutathione and decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species that might be related to the inhibition effect of PCA on OVCAR-3 cells. (nih.gov)
  • We have tested simultaneous inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling by novel indolinone derivatives using 14 myeloid, including 11 human leukemic, cell lines. (nih.gov)
  • More importantly, we show that MESF treatment leads to significant inhibition of tumor growth and a 3-fold increase in the life span of tumor bearing animals compared to untreated tumor mice. (nature.com)
  • When the inhibition of these is lifted, they result in the translocation of Bax and activation of mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in release of mitochondrial apoptogenic proteins cytochrome c, SMAC, and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) leading to caspase activation and cell death. (wikipedia.org)
  • PUMA apoptosis may also be induced independently of p53 activation by other stimuli, such as oncogenic stress growth factor and/or cytokine withdrawal and kinase inhibition, ER stress, altered redox status, ischemia, immune modulation, and infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our recent examine showed that maintenance of protein tyrosine phosphorylation by PTP inhibition was connected with increased cell proliferation, clonogenic survival, and mutagenesis following just one Cr publicity in human lung fibroblasts. (cetp-signal.com)
  • Notably, PTP inhibition enhanced Cr induced forward Cyclovirobuxine D mutations at the HPRT locus in two mammalian cell lines, which was coincident with enhanced clonogenic survival, suggesting regulators of tyrosine phosphorylation might figure out cell survival death as an initial event just after Cr insult. (cetp-signal.com)
  • The mechanisms of apoptosis inhibition by NS5A in liver cancer cells remains unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • It was found that inhibition of autophagy attenuated the NS5A‑mediated apoptosis inhibition of HepG2 cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The inhibition of cell growth was also demonstrated by cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Exposure of these cells to epidermal growth factor (EGF) for up to 4 hours resulted in brief activation of MAPK followed by inhibition of resveratrol-induced signal transduction, p53 phosphorylation, and apoptosis. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Inhibition of PKC activation in LNCaP cells, however, resulted in a reduction, rather than increase, in p53 activation and apoptosis, suggesting that resveratrol-induced apoptosis in these two cell lines occurs through different PKC-mediated and MAPK-dependent pathways. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Therefore, to search for indole compounds with more efficacy and less side effect for cancer therapy, we developed a novel indole compound SK228 and examined its effects and mechanisms on antitumor growth and invasion inhibition in cell and tumor xenografts in nude mice models. (ntnu.edu.tw)
  • These results suggest that c-Jun may modulate anticancer drugs-induced cell differentiation but not growth inhibition and apoptosis in CML cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Huang, HM & Liu, JC 2009, ' c-Jun blocks cell differentiation but not growth inhibition or apoptosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia cells induced by STI571 and by histone deacetylase inhibitors ', Journal of Cellular Physiology , vol. 218, no. 3, pp. 568-574. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Cannabis sativa in particular cannabidiol, we propose it plays important role in helping the body fight cancer through inhibition of pain and cell growth. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There was also no translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria to the nucleus in apoptotic keratinocytes, indicating Tan IIA-induced apoptosis occurs mainly through the caspase pathway. (hindawi.com)
  • Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, upregulation of proapoptotic proteins, activation of MCL-1, PARP-1 and Caspase 9 suggest that MESF treatment leads to activation of mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. (nature.com)
  • Western blotting revealed that silibinin downregulated SOD1 and SOD2 and triggered the JNK/c-Jun pathway in oral cancer cells. (jcancer.org)
  • Silibinin considerably reduced the development of oral cancer cells by inducing apoptosis, G 0 /G 1 arrest, ROS generation, and activation of the JNK/c-Jun pathway. (jcancer.org)
  • Increased sub-G1 population and annexin-V binding, activation of caspases 9 and 3, cleavage of poly(ADPribose) polymerase (PARP), and a decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) indicated involvement of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in terpinen-4-ol-treated A549 and CL1-0 cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Our results indicated that terpinen-4-ol induced apoptosis through a mitochondria-mediated pathway in NSCLC cells and that the apoptosis elicited by terpinen-4-ol was p53 dependent. (hindawi.com)
  • Eiger is produced in apoptotic cells and, through activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, is able to propagate the initial apoptotic stimulus. (elifesciences.org)
  • found that the JNK pathway activated apoptosis in anterior cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • The Ras Raf Mek Erk pathway interacts with other mitogenic pathways to find out cell fate after extracellular stimuli. (cetp-signal.com)
  • OSI-027 and PP242 diminish cell proliferation in every 3 cell lines with IC50 beliefs which range from 0.63 to 17.95 M. Both drugs inhibit phosphorylation of both mTORc2 and mTORc1 pathway components. (m2cobalt.com)
  • These findings demonstrate that in addition to their functions at mitochondria, Bax and Bak also localize to the ER and function to initiate a parallel pathway of caspase activation and apoptosis. (rupress.org)
  • These results demonstrate that TrkA kinase initiates differentiation, and p75 enhances differentiation by rescuing differentiating cells from apoptosis via the PI3K pathway. (umassmed.edu)
  • Due to the pleiotropic effect of bortezomibenhanced TRAIL DISC formation upon TRAIL triggering, down-regulation of cFLIP L and activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway seem to cooperatively contribute to the antitumor effect of bortezomib/TRAIL cotreatment. (aacrjournals.org)
  • VALD-3 also regulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer cells, inhibiting the activation of downstream molecules. (researchsquare.com)
  • In response to DNA-damaging agents, the wild-type p53-activated fragment 1 (WAF1 also known as p21) is an important downstream effector in the p53-specific growth arrest pathway. (lu.se)
  • We present a rate equation model for the TGF-b pathway in endothelial cells together with novel measurements. (lu.se)
  • Furthermore, such approaches allow for predicting the Transforming Growth Factor b (TGF-b) pathway in quantities not yet measured. (lu.se)
  • This signal transduction cascade regulates fundamental cellular processes which includes cell proliferation and survival, differentiation, Romidepsin and apoptosis. (cetp-signal.com)
  • In this study, we investigated the physiological roles of c-Jun in cell proliferation, apoptosis and erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • NGF, which can bind to endogenous p75, did not induce differentiation but enhanced the EGF-induced response, leading to differentiation of almost all cells. (umassmed.edu)
  • Both NGF and a caspase inhibitor reduced apoptosis and, thereby, enhanced differentiation. (umassmed.edu)
  • Even though both EGF and NGF are required for differentiation of LAN5/ET-R cells, only NGF is required for survival of the differentiated cells. (umassmed.edu)
  • 2 Lipids are major participants in the conversion of energy within cells, the transportation of substances, and cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. (sanbio.nl)
  • Specify the components and their interactions and set up cluding proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, embryonic the system of equations. (lu.se)
  • May be involved in regulation of transcriptional responses to NF-kappa-B, including cell adhesion, immune and proinflammatory responses, apoptosis, differentiation and growth. (lu.se)
  • PCA treatment induced cell cycle arrest in G 2 /M phase, the activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3, the upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2 in OVCAR-3 cells. (nih.gov)
  • The aim of the present investigation was to elucidate the cellular mechanisms whereby Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro in keratinocytes, the target cells in psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
  • Tan IIA inhibited proliferation of mouse keratinocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner and induced apoptosis, resulting in S phase arrest accompanied by down-regulation of pCdk2 and cyclin A protein expression. (hindawi.com)
  • Moreover, it induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, apoptosis, and ROS generation in these cells. (jcancer.org)
  • Recent reports have indicated that terpinen-4-ol exerts its antitumor effects by triggering caspase-dependent apoptosis in human melanoma cells or by inducing necrotic cell death and cell-cycle arrest in mouse mesothelioma and melanoma cell lines without affecting normal cells [ 14 , 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Upon publicity to a genotoxin cells undergo apoptosis, development arrest, and cell cycle checkpoint arrest according to the extent on the damage. (cetp-signal.com)
  • CAPE Analogs Induce Growth Arrest and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells. (propolisscience.org)
  • Flow cytometry analysis showed that VALD-3 triggered cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells. (researchsquare.com)
  • Annexin V-propidium iodide double-staining demonstrated that Sapota fruit extracts potentiate apoptosis rather than necrosis in cancer cells. (nature.com)
  • Diminution of p53 by RNA interference induced necrosis instead of apoptosis in A549 cells following terpinen-4-ol treatment, indicating that terpinen-4-ol-elicited apoptosis is p53-dependent. (hindawi.com)
  • We identified Eiger, the Drosophila tumor necrosis factor (TNF) homolog, as the signal responsible for apoptosis-induced apoptosis (AiA). (elifesciences.org)
  • We now show that during early apoptosis limited membrane permeabilization occurs in blebs and apoptotic bodies, which allows release of proteins that may affect the proximal microenvironment before the catastrophic loss of membrane integrity during secondary necrosis. (nature.com)
  • Therefore, the shift from apoptosis to secondary necrosis is more graded than a simple binary switch, with the membrane permeabilization of apoptotic bodies and consequent limited release of DAMPs contributing to the transition between these states. (nature.com)
  • The antitumor effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in gliomas has thus far only been thoroughly established in tumor cell lines. (aacrjournals.org)
  • [ 6 ] NF-KB protects cells from apoptosis in response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). (medscape.com)
  • Some retroperitoneal extragonadal germ cell tumors may represent metastases from a testicular cancer , with subsequent spontaneous necrosis of the primary tumour. (medscape.com)
  • the process of apoptosis and necrosis. (who.int)
  • Mitochondrial regulation of apoptosis further downstream was investigated, showing changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release into the cytoplasm, and enhanced activation of cleaved caspase-3 and Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). (hindawi.com)
  • This process plays a major role in development and tissue homeostasis, and abnormal regulation of apoptosis is associated with a variety of human diseases ( Fuchs and Steller, 2011 ). (elifesciences.org)
  • Furthermore, it was confirmed that Beclin 1 expression by NS5A was involved in the negative regulation of starvation‑induced liver cancer apoptosis, which was accompanied by reduced p53 and apoptosis regulator Bax expression, as well as decreased caspase‑3/-7 activation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Our data demonstrate that Ganoderma lucidum inhibits cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner by the down-regulation of expression of cyclin B and Cdc2 and by the up-regulation of p21 expression. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • To describe how defects in the regulation of these process contribute to the metastatic behaviour of cancer cells. (bath.ac.uk)
  • 1. Describe the regulation of key cellular processes such as the formation and maintenance of epithelial cell polarity and the regulation of cell migration. (bath.ac.uk)
  • Interest in an undergraduate biochemistry course led me to a Ph.D. program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology where I researched transcriptional regulation of type I collagen gene in cells from hypertensive fibrotic animal models. (fdu.edu)
  • The disease is characterized by up-regulation of growth factors (TGF-β 1 , PDGF-A and B). Apoptosis was detected in the intimal layer of affected aortas. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tight regulation of this process ensures that a dividing cell's DNA is copied properly, any errors in the DNA are repaired, and each daughter cell receives a full set of chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Disruption of normal regulation of the cell cycle can lead to diseases such as cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Rong M, Chen G, Dang Y. Increased MiR-221 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and its role in enhancing cell growth and inhibiting apoptosis in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
  • [ 17-20 ] In vitro and in vivo research suggests that NSAIDs and selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors hinder growth and survival of bladder cancer cells and nitrosamine-induced tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Cell surface sensors on immune cells that ordinarily recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns produced by infectious agents may also interact with DAMPs, leading to the activation of signaling pathways resulting in a nonpathogen-induced 'sterile' inflammatory response. (nature.com)
  • Signaling pathways that regulate cell survival and proliferation are altered within the operation of carcinogenesis. (cetp-signal.com)
  • In fact, CAPE is well documented as inducing cell death by inhibiting NFκB and by inducing pro-apoptotic pathways (i.e., p53). (propolisscience.org)
  • In this review, we focused our attentions on carcinogenic metal-induced signal transduction pathways leading to the activation of NF-kappaB, cell apoptosis and cell cycle progression, three crucial steps or events involved in the transformation and carcinogenesis. (cdc.gov)
  • This review summarizes current knowledge and our recent studies concerning intracellular signal transduction pathways initiated by carcinogenic metals and the cross-talk that occurs among these pathways in cells in response to metals. (cdc.gov)
  • Today, lipid research has started to map the lipidome of human cells and describe lipid biological pathways. (sanbio.nl)
  • C1QBP significantly increased ROS level, apoptosis, and the expression of apoptotic proteins such as cleaved caspase-3 and bax/bcl2 via regulating XDH. (medsci.org)
  • The p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) also known as Bcl-2-binding component 3 (BBC3), is a pro-apoptotic protein, member of the Bcl-2 protein family. (wikipedia.org)
  • By assaying their anti-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects using human promyelocytic HL-60 cells, we found that the ethanolic extract of I'm-Yunity-Too was more active in inducing cell death compared to I'm-Yunity, based on measured changes in the expression of caspase 3 and Bax. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Apoptotic cells can produce signals to instruct cells in their local environment, including ones that stimulate engulfment and proliferation. (elifesciences.org)
  • We identified a novel mode of communication by which apoptotic cells induce additional apoptosis in the same tissue. (elifesciences.org)
  • We also show that during coordinated cell death of hair follicle cells in mice, TNF-α is expressed in apoptotic cells and is required for normal cell death. (elifesciences.org)
  • Although this process can occur in individual cells, apoptotic signals may also dictate the 'communal death' of many cells simultaneously. (elifesciences.org)
  • Apoptosis has been thought to resemble a form of silent suicide by cells, but more recent work suggests that apoptotic cells can also transmit signals. (elifesciences.org)
  • To explore whether apoptotic cells could communicate with other cells, Pérez-Garijo et al. (elifesciences.org)
  • found that TNF is produced by apoptotic cells in hair follicles, and that blocking TNF inhibits the death of other cells in the same cohort: this suggests that a common mechanism could regulate the communal death of cells in flies and mammals. (elifesciences.org)
  • Only more recently has it become clear that apoptotic cells are the source of signals that can have profound effects on their neighbors. (elifesciences.org)
  • Dying cells have been defined as apoptotic by distinguishing features, including cell contraction, nuclear fragmentation, blebbing, apoptotic body formation and maintenance of intact cellular membranes to prevent massive protein release and consequent inflammation. (nature.com)
  • Blebbing, apoptotic body formation and protein release during early apoptosis are dependent on ROCK and myosin ATPase activity to drive actomyosin contraction. (nature.com)
  • We identified 231 proteins released from actomyosin contraction-dependent blebs and apoptotic bodies by adapted SILAC (stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture) combined with mass spectrometry analysis. (nature.com)
  • 10 9 apoptotic events occurring per day in human adult tissues, it is surprisingly difficult to histologically detect apoptotic cells due to the rapid recognition and clearance of apoptotic cells. (nature.com)
  • 2 , 3 A key feature of apoptosis has been defined as the maintenance of an intact cellular membrane (detectable as exclusion of impermeable dyes such as propidium iodide, PI) throughout the apoptotic program to prevent intracellular protein release and subsequent immunological activation. (nature.com)
  • In addition to maintenance of membrane integrity, apoptotic cells can be discriminated from viable counterparts based on several morphological hallmarks, including cell contraction, nuclear condensation and fragmentation, and actomyosin contraction-dependent membrane blebbing and apoptotic body formation. (nature.com)
  • MDA-MB-435 cells engineered to be deficient in alpha6beta1 expression form primary tumors that are highly apoptotic and unable to metastasize, although they exhibit no increased apoptosis in vitro under standard culture conditions. (umassmed.edu)
  • In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of VALD-3, a Schiff base ligand synthesized from o-vanillin derivatives, on human breast cancer cells and the possible underlying mechanisms. (researchsquare.com)
  • The expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and anti-apoptotic proteins in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells was investigated by Western blotting. (researchsquare.com)
  • The cell carrying this abnormality is relatively protected against apoptotic death because of the oncogenic effect of CCND2, leading to re-initiation of cell cycle and genomic instability. (medscape.com)
  • In vivo and in organized cells, and proper symmetry are healthy individuals, macrophages can characteristics of higher-quality embryos, which phagocytize DNA that has been passively point to healthy development and higher rates of released into the blood from apoptotic or necrotic implantation. (who.int)
  • Strikingly, undead cells in the posterior (back) region of the wing imaginal disc-the tissue in the larva that gives rise to the wing in the adult fruit fly-could trigger apoptosis in cells in the anterior (front) half. (elifesciences.org)
  • Apoptosis was partially blocked by the caspase-3 inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO. (hindawi.com)
  • Liu et al ( 13 ) reported that Beclin 1 gene deletion by either RNA interference or the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (MA) significantly enhances melatonin-induced apoptosis in mouse hepatoma H22 cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Regardless of the tumor heterogeneity, cotreatment with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib efficiently sensitized all primary glioma samples for TRAIL-induced apoptosis and tremendously reduced their clonogenic survival. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Our data revealed that PCA could modulate apoptosis and autophagy, suggesting the potential of PCA for chemoprevention and chemotherapy of ovarian cancer. (nih.gov)
  • Autophagy provides energy to tumor cells for survival and metabolic reprogramming, in order to accommodate rapid cell growth and proliferation ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Increasing amounts of evidence indicate that autophagy is induced by a number of stressors in tumor cells, such as starvation, growth factor deprivation, hypoxia, damage stimulation and therapeutic drugs, and is an important survival mechanism in response to cellular stress ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Thus, the present study hypothesized that NS5A inhibits apoptosis by inducing Beclin 1-dependent autophagy. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The MTT assay assessed cell viability, and autophagy was detected by electron microscopy. (medscimonit.com)
  • In this investigation, the role of autophagy and apoptosis in Solanum nigrum fruit extract-induced cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-468, a triple negative breast cancer cell line was studied. (ijpsonline.com)
  • The expression levels of autophagy-related genes, Lc3 and Beclin1 increased in cells treated with 1.5 mg/ml of Solanum nigrum extract. (ijpsonline.com)
  • These findings indicated that Solanum nigrum extract induced cell death in MDA-MB-468 cells by two distinct mechanisms, apoptosis and autophagy, and these findings further suggest a possibility that this extract could be used to treat triple negative breast cancer. (ijpsonline.com)
  • A previous study reported that the extract of the whole plant of SN activated cell death in hepatoma cells through autophagy and apoptosis [ 7 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Autophagy, the type II cell death, is a physiological mechanism involving degradation of intracellular damaged proteins and organelles into membrane vacuoles. (ijpsonline.com)
  • One cell range exhibited apoptosis in response to mixture medications, whereas the various other 2 cell lines possess increased degrees of autophagy indicative of level of resistance to apoptosis. (m2cobalt.com)
  • In a preliminary study it has been shown that phenolic antioxidants such as methyl 4- O -galloylchlorogenate and 4- O -galloylchlorogenic acid derived from Sapota fruits can induce cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells 23 . (nature.com)
  • Xanthoxyletin significantly inhibited the proliferation of oral cancer cells (IC₅₀, 10-30 µM) with lower cytotoxicity for normal cells. (medscimonit.com)
  • In this study, the antitumor effects of terpinen-4-ol and the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for it were evaluated and studied, respectively on human nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Collectively, these data provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying terpinen-4-ol-induced apoptosis in NSCLC cells, rendering this compound a potential anticancer drug for NSCLC. (hindawi.com)
  • Thus, Ganoderma lucidum exerts its effect on cancer cells by multiple mechanisms and may have potential therapeutic use for the prevention and treatment of cancer. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Thus, resveratrol and EGF activate MAPK by discrete mechanisms in DU145 cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • The majority of PUMA induced apoptosis occurs through activation of the tumor suppressor protein p53. (wikipedia.org)
  • Studies have shown that cells with p53 mutations have significantly lower levels of PUMA, making it a good candidate for a protein marker of p53 mutations, providing a simpler method for testing for p53 mutations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Effects of triterpenes from Ganoderma lucidum on protein expression profile of HeLa cells. (springer.com)
  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) modulates cellular apoptosis, which is involved in the occurrence and development of liver cancer. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This protein serves as a transcriptional activator of cell growth. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In addition, NS5A significantly increases the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclin D1 and nuclear factor-κB, but decreases p53 protein expression in HepG2 cells ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Resveratrol, a naturally occurring stilbene with antitumor properties, caused mitogen-activated protein kinase [MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2)] activation, nuclear translocation of Ser 15-phosphorylated p53, and p53-dependent apoptosis in hormone-insensitive DU145 prostate cancer cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • The results obtained indicate that alpha6beta1 is necessary for VEGF expression because the ability of hypoxia to activate HIF-1 and to stimulate VEGF transcription in MDA-MB-435 cells is dependent on alpha6beta1 expression by a mechanism that involves protein kinase C-alpha. (umassmed.edu)
  • Both DAPG and DPPG significantly increased the CASP3 protein expression that was detected by staining the cells with the super-view 488-CASP3 substrate. (harvard.edu)
  • Protein transport between the nuclear and the cytoplasmic compartment is a key factor for cell viability and proliferation. (massgeneral.org)
  • DeMarini, and Chapter 20, by Rice and cell death determine the size protein in several signal ing path- and Herceg). (who.int)
  • The effects of silibinin on the migration and invasion of oral cancer cells were evaluated using transwell assays. (jcancer.org)
  • We have previously demonstrated that Ganoderma lucidum down-regulated the expression of NF-kappaB-regulated urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) and uPA receptor (uPAR), which resulted in suppression of cell migration of highly invasive human breast and prostate cancer cells. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Formation and maintenance of epithelial cell polarity, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, cell migration. (bath.ac.uk)
  • L1CAM plays a role in neural development, axon guidance, and cell migration. (pharmiweb.com)
  • The skin manifestations occur along the lines of Blaschko, which represent the routes of embryonic cell migration. (medscape.com)
  • They facilitate adhesion between leukocytes and endothelial cells, enabling leukocyte extravasation into tissues during inflammation. (pharmiweb.com)
  • VCAMs are involved in mediating the adhesion of leukocytes to vascular endothelial cells, facilitating the recruitment of immune cells during inflammation. (pharmiweb.com)
  • PECAM-1 is expressed on the surface of platelets and endothelial cells and is involved in cell adhesion and signaling during immune responses. (pharmiweb.com)
  • endothelial cells. (lu.se)
  • Breast cancer cells were treated with varying concentrations (1 to 5 mg/ml) of Solanum nigrum extract for 24 and 48 h. (ijpsonline.com)
  • By xenografting human breast cancer cells into nude mice, we found that VALD-3 significantly suppressed tumor cell growth while showing low toxicity against major organs. (researchsquare.com)
  • If a cell has an error in its DNA that cannot be repaired, it may undergo self-destruction ( apoptosis ). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Cancerous cells undergo major changes in lipid metabolism, meaning that lipids play a major role in the proliferation of cancerous tumours. (sanbio.nl)
  • The first suggests that fetal gonocytes whose development into spermatogonia is blocked may undergo abnormal cell division and then invasive growth mediated by postnatal and pubertal gonadotrophin stimulation. (medscape.com)
  • Reduced tumor-growth in Triphala fed mice was due to increased apoptosis in the tumors cells, which was associated with increased activation of p53 and ERK. (biomedcentral.com)
  • SK228-induced apoptosis was confirmed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay and immunohistochemistry of cleaved caspase-3 in tumors from treated mice. (ntnu.edu.tw)
  • explains the growth of cancerous tumors. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Extragonadal germinal cell syndromes are rare tumors that predominantly affect young males. (medscape.com)
  • Literature suggests that the only known risk factor for extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGCTs) is Klinefelter syndrome (47XXY), which is associated with mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
  • In extragonadal germ cell tumors, no evidence of a primary malignancy is present in either the testes or ovaries by radiologic imaging or physical examination. (medscape.com)
  • Extragonadal germ cell tumors produce a rich symptomatology and may reach large volumes if they arise in silent areas. (medscape.com)
  • Controversy remains regarding the origin of extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGGCTs). (medscape.com)
  • The classic theory suggests that germ cell tumors (GCTs) in these areas are derived from local transformation of primordial germ cells misplaced during embryogenesis. (medscape.com)
  • According to this theory, the differences in phenotypes expressed by mediastinal germ cell tumors (MGCTs) and gonadal germ cell tumors may be explained by differences in the cellular environment between the gonad and the anterior mediastinum. (medscape.com)
  • Hematologic malignancies are frequently associated with mediastinal germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Highly differentiated yolk-sac tumors make up 30% of mediastinal germ cell tumors, providing a possible basis for this association. (medscape.com)
  • The balance of the p53-mdm2 interaction has been shown to be disrupted in intracranial germ cell tumors (ICGCTs). (medscape.com)
  • Lan et al ( 2 ) demonstrated that HCV NS5A suppresses p53-mediated transcriptional transactivation and apoptosis during HCV infection, contributing to hepatocarcinogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The process by which the body regulates the erratic growth of cells by insructing certain cells to die. (emfacts.com)
  • In the skin, NF-KB regulates cell growth in the stratified epithelium and apoptosis. (medscape.com)
  • The study included SCC-1 human oral cancer cells and EBTr normal embryonic bovine tracheal epithelial cells, which were treated with 0 µM, 5 µM, 10 µM, and 20 µM of xanthoxyletin for 24 hours. (medscimonit.com)
  • These molecules are essential for embryonic development, wound healing, immune cell recognition, and many other physiological functions. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Our preclinical studies demonstrate that Triphala is effective in inhibiting the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells in both cellular and in vivo model. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to a previous study, NS5A inhibits cell apoptosis in vivo and in vitro ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This study aimed to investigate the effects of xanthoxyletin, a plant-derived coumarin, on human oral squamous cancer cells in vitro and in mouse xenografts in vivo . (medscimonit.com)
  • Renal cell carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in the urinary system, causing over 140,000 deaths worldwide each year[ 1 ]. (medsci.org)
  • C1QBP knockdown and overexpression cells were established via lentiviral infection and subjected to apoptosis and ROS assay in vitro . (medsci.org)
  • A549 xenografts by inducing apoptosis, as confirmed by TUNEL assay. (hindawi.com)
  • Growth-inhibitory effects of Triphala were evaluated in Capan-2, BxPC-3 and HPDE-6 cells by Sulphoradamine-B assay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Apoptosis was determined by cell death assay and western blotting. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This occurs frequently in animal development: in human fetuses, for example, cells in the hand are directed to die to remove webbing between the fingers. (elifesciences.org)
  • Tumor suppressor genes can promote cellular senescence, a state in which cells stop dividing, preventing the replication of damaged DNA. (pharmiweb.com)
  • B cells The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This manuscript demonstrated that DAPG and DPPG inhibited lung and colorectal cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. (harvard.edu)
  • We found that PCA treatment significantly reduced the cell viability and colony formation of OVCAR-3, SKOV-3, and A2780 cells. (nih.gov)
  • The normal cells were not affected when juglone is present at concentrations of 1 μM, while at higher concentrations, there is loss of viability of both cancerous and healthy cells. (ejbiotechnology.info)
  • Embryo morphology al ows options, the discovery of cell-free DNA in the evaluation of its growth, viability, and biological fluids has led to major advances in implantation capacity. (who.int)
  • A new and abnormal growth of tissue of the type that is characteristic of cancer. (emfacts.com)
  • Cells are potent to go under abnormal growth processes and finally lead to tumor/cancer. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Therefore a potential benefit pathologically to confirm the presence cells, which leads to abnormal differen- could be expected if we had a feasible or absence of gastritis and/or malignan- tiation of cells [3]. (who.int)
  • Notably, terpinen-4-ol was able to increase p53 levels in A549 and CL1-0 cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, in this study, the anticancer effects of terpinen-4-ol were evaluated on two NSCLC cell lines, namely, A549 and CL1-0 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. (hindawi.com)
  • The A549 human lung adenocarcinoma and CL1-0 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines were cultured in Dulbecco′s modified eagle medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% antibiotic antimycotic. (hindawi.com)
  • This study aimed to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of Khz on A549 lung cancer cells. (springer.com)
  • Khz inhibited cell division and induced apoptosis in A549 cells. (springer.com)
  • Growth of an A549 tumor cell xenograft was markedly inhibited without significant side effects. (ntnu.edu.tw)
  • DPPG and DAPG inhibited 83 and 59% of human colorectal cancer HCT116 cell growth at 40.0 µg/ml, and 74 and 57% of human lung cancer A549 cell growth at 10.0 µg/ml concentrations respectively. (harvard.edu)
  • DPPG and DAPG induced apoptosis in the HCT116 and A549 cells that was confirmed by Hoechst 33342 and FITC-annexin V staining. (harvard.edu)
  • This result also revealed that ROS generated in both the HCT116 and A549 cells after treatment with DPPG. (harvard.edu)
  • However, no ROS production was observed in HCT116 and A549 cells after treatment with DAPG. (harvard.edu)
  • DAPG and DPPG inhibited A549 and HCT116 cells growth by inducing apoptosis. (harvard.edu)
  • Other agents that induce p53 dependent apoptosis are neurotoxins, proteasome inhibitors, microtubule poisons, and transcription inhibitors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pretreatment of cells with pifithrin-α or U0126, specific inhibitors of p53 or MEK-1/2, significantly attenuated Triphala-induced apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dual mTOR inhibitors inhibit Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride cell proliferation We analyzed whether OSI-027 and PP242 would inhibit BC cell development. (m2cobalt.com)
  • Both inhibitors decrease the proliferation of BC cell lines within a dose-dependent style (Fig. 2) with IC50 beliefs in the reduced micromolar range (Desk 3), recommending that dual mTOR inhibitors could be effective remedies for BC. (m2cobalt.com)
  • Open in another home window Fig. 2 Dual mTOR inhibitors inhibit bladder tumor cell growth within a dose-dependent way. (m2cobalt.com)
  • Studies have suggested that statins may inhibit tumor cell growth and possibly prevent carcinogenesis. (cdc.gov)
  • Khz, a naturally occurring compound derived from the fusion of Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus mycelia, inhibits the growth of cancer cells. (springer.com)
  • Zhao S, Ye G, Fu G, Cheng JX, Yang BB, Peng C. Ganoderma lucidum exerts anti-tumor effects on ovarian cancer cells and enhances their sensitivity to cisplatin. (springer.com)
  • Additionally, juglone is present in the green husk of walnut, which suggests evaluating the effect of GH extracts on carcinogenic cell lines. (ejbiotechnology.info)
  • Results obtained indicate that both cannabidiol and Cannabis sativa extracts were able to halt cell proliferation in all cell lines at varying concentrations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In conclusion, these data suggest that cannabidiol rather than Cannabis sativa crude extracts prevent cell growth and induce cell death in cervical cancer cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 4 For example, eicosanoids have been identified to play a role in cancerous cells' neoplastic transformations and blocking eicosanoid receptors can impede the inflammatory response of tumour cells. (sanbio.nl)
  • Silibinin significantly inhibited xenograft tumor growth in nude mice, with no obvious toxicity. (jcancer.org)
  • SK228 significantly inhibited growth of different lung and esophageal cancer cell lines at sub-micromolar range, but not normal lung cells. (ntnu.edu.tw)
  • During this stage of germ cell development, aberrant chromatid exchange events associated with crossing over can occur. (medscape.com)