Cell adhesion ligand for integrin. Medical search. Frequent questions

Targeting ligands that bind to receptors characteristic of intravascular diseases can be conjugated to microbubbles, enabling the microbubble complex to accumulate selectively in areas of interest, such as diseased or abnormal tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Vascular ligand for integrin receptors which may play a role in vascular development and remodeling. (thermofisher.com)
Glycosylation of classical death receptors fine-tunes cell death programs. (nature.com)
GAGs and PGs perform multiple functions in specific stages of the metastatic cascade due to their defined structure and ability to interact with both ligands and receptors regulating cancer pathogenesis. (hindawi.com)
Free glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycan- (PG-) containing GAGs, key effectors of cell surface, pericellular and extracellular microenvironments, perform multiple functions in cancer by virtue of their coded structure and their ability to interact with both ligands and receptors that regulate cancer growth [ 1 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
In the Cell Press paper, titled "Integrin αvβ5 Internalizes Zika Virus during Neural Stem Cells Infection and Provides a Promising Target for Antiviral Therapy," the authors note that "Integrins, a family of 24 heterodimers consisting of α and β subunits, are transmembrane adhesion receptors that are key components of cell signaling mechanisms involved in cancer progression and metastasis ( Hynes, 2002 ). (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Fibronectin is a key component of the extracellular matrix and a ligand for integrin cell-adhesion receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
Podosomes are structurally divided into a core, which mainly contains proteins involved in actin polymerization (such as WASP, the Arp2/3 complex and cortactin ), and a surrounding ring populated by integrin receptors and adhesion proteins (for example, paxillin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK/Pyk2) ) [15] . (cellmigration.org)
Integrin adhesion receptors mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, which control cell morphology and migration, differentiation, and tissue integrity. (nih.gov)
In particular, this project is aimed at looking at the signalling pathways that are activated when these growth factors activate their receptors, which are on these stem and tumor cells. (edu.au)
Mechanistically, P5NTHi375 is not a ligand for CEACAM1 or α5 integrin receptors. (qub.ac.uk)
Integrins are the cellular receptors for the proteins which constitute the extracellular matrix of all tissues. (upstate.edu)
The binding of integrin receptors to extraceullular proteins permits cell adhesion and migration during development, wound healing, and inflammation. (upstate.edu)
Recently it has been recognized that integrin receptors not only provide a physical link between cells and substrates, but also transduce signals to the cell which affect cell behavior. (upstate.edu)
First, how does the leukocyte utilize these receptors to mediate selective adhesion and migration through complex extracellular tissues? (upstate.edu)
Second, how does the ligation of integrin receptors affect leukocyte behavior? (upstate.edu)
find a touch of romance in the engagement between integrin adhesion receptors and their extracellular matrix ligands. (rupress.org)
Cell membranes are highly enriched in signaling receptors, transmembrane mechanosensors, pumps and channels, and, depending on their makeup, can recruit and retain a pool of mechanosensors important in the field of mechanobiology. (mechanobio.info)
That the sensing of stromal rigidity originates at the adhesion nexus, the junctional structure that links cells to the ECM via integrin receptors. (manchester.ac.uk)
Three counter-receptors have been described for LFA-1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), ICAM-2 and ICAM-3. (biovendor.com)
Integrins are heterodimeric, transmembrane receptors that function as mechanosensors, adhesion molecules and signal transduction platforms in a multitude of biological processes. (thno.org)
Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors found in nearly all metazoan cell types, composed of non-covalently linked α and β subunits. (thno.org)
These 2 members mediate leukocyte adhesions to endothelial cells but they also serve as receptors for iC3b (inactivated C3b). (medscape.com)

Two decades later, pioneering studies suggested that lectin-like molecules constitutively expressed on the surface of macrophages can selectively recognize changes on glycans decorating the surface of apoptotic thymocytes, 4 , 5 although these studies likewise did not provide substantial insight into the mechanisms by which lectin-glycan interactions regulate cell death. (nature.com)
The surface of the living cells is decorated by a complex layer of glycosylated molecules that store relevant biological information. (nature.com)
Cell type and tissue specific alterations in fine GAG structure, which are strictly predetermined [ 8 - 10 ], allow these molecules to modulate with high specificity different cellular processes [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
PGs, molecules which consist of a protein core that is covalently modified with GAG chains, are distributed both to the ECM "proper" associated with the cell membrane as well as located to intracellular compartment. (hindawi.com)
Integrins are molecules found on the surface of cells that play a role in cell adherence and communication. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Integrins are well known as molecules that many different viruses use as doorknobs to gain entry into human cells," Rana explained in a press release. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
I was expecting to find Zika using multiple integrins, or other cell surface molecules also used by other viruses. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
We identify previously unreported components of integrin adhesion complexes and observe receptor-specific enrichment of molecules with previously reported links to cell migration and cell signaling processes. (nih.gov)
Integrins are cell adhesion molecules that reside on the surface of cells as transmembrane proteins made of an alpha and beta subunit. (harvard.edu)
There are 24 known integrin molecules classified into different families depending on the subunits (i.e. αv family of integrins) or by the ligands they bind to (i.e. (harvard.edu)
Defining integrin biology at a molecular level, including delineation of required signalling molecules, will produce additional targets for pharmacologic intervention in diseases as diverse as cancers and inflammation. (upstate.edu)
Adhesion molecules are important for the extravasation of neutrophils into organs where they may exhibit detrimental effects. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, we investigated the in vitro effect of DHEA on the expression pattern of adhesion molecules of human endothelial cells and neutrophils. (biomedcentral.com)
Activated by cytokines and chemokines, leukocytes and endothelial cells express distinct adhesion molecules on their cell surfaces [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
These adhesion molecules enable the deceleration of blood cells on the endothelial layer in order to enable subsequent diapedesis. (biomedcentral.com)
The importance of adhesion molecules in traumatic and septic diseases has been widely recognized. (biomedcentral.com)
Indeed, granule cells from the rostral region of perinatal Gpr56 −/− cerebella show loss of adhesion to extracellular matrix molecules of the pial basement membrane. (jneurosci.org)
These studies establish a novel role for GPR56 in the adhesion of developing neurons to basal lamina molecules and suggest that this adhesion is critical for maintenance of the pia and proper cerebellar morphogenesis. (jneurosci.org)
Consistent with this hypothesis, developing granule cells from the rostral region of Gpr56 −/− cerebella at birth exhibit a specific defect in cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules of the pial basement membrane (BM) but no defects in migration, proliferation, or process outgrowth. (jneurosci.org)
As a cell crawls along, integrin heterodimers bind extracellular matrix molecules such as fibronectin and help the cell gain traction. (rupress.org)
We hope then to perturb the function of candidate molecules in organoids using knockdown and pharmacological inhibition, and employ molecular cell biology approaches to pinpoint how the sensory mechanisms vary between wild type (WT) and tumour cells. (manchester.ac.uk)
In order to be effective and integrated to the receiving area, the bone graft is required to allow a strong cell adhesion, interacting with several molecules to induce migration, differentiation, and thus the mineralization of the new bone on the graft. (bvsalud.org)
These cell adhesion molecules (CAM) will mediate the contact between two cells or between cells and the extracellular matrix, an essential process to the success of the implant. (bvsalud.org)
This paper is a systematic review of the literature on the mechanisms of cell adhesion to bone grafts associated to nanotechnology, describing the importance and the role of those molecules in the adhesion and thus in tissue regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
The main reported mechanisms involve cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and extracellular matrix components. (bvsalud.org)
Several molecules are involved in the process of cell adhesion to bone grafts, highlighting the role of integrins, the focal adhesion mechanism, the influence of the collagen matrix, and the activity of alkaline phosphatase in bone matrix formation. (bvsalud.org)
Tissue engineering is a strategy very used to obtain functional repairing through the development of biological substitutes that can restore, keep or substitute damaged tissues or organs 31 , through the combination of scaffolds biocompatible with live cells and/or bioactive molecules 19 . (bvsalud.org)
Notwithstanding, to achieve the effectiveness and integration of the grafted tissue to the receptor site, it is necessary a strong cell adhesion, so that it demands many molecules interaction to induce cell differentiation and the bone matrix mineralization formed onto the graft. (bvsalud.org)
Some of these molecules are glycoproteins expressed on the cell surface, socalled cell adhesion molecules (CAM), which mediate either the contact between two cells or the contact among cells and the extracellular matrix, being therefore of fundamental importance for adhesion 3 . (bvsalud.org)

The MEC13.3 antibody specifically recognizes CD31, also known as PECAM-1 (Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1). (bdbiosciences.com)
Their work led them to αvβ5 integrin, the molecule responsible for Zika virus' ability to entering brain stem cells. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Background E-cadherin is a calcium-dependent intercellular adhesion molecule encoded by the CDH1 gene and present on epithelial cells. (qedbio.com)
Lifitegrast works by binding to the integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1, blocking the cell surface protein's interaction with its ligand, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, which is excessive in the corneal and conjunctival tissues of dry eye patients. (pharmacytimes.com)
CD31 is a 130-140 kD glycoprotein, also known as platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1), EndoCAM, and gpIIa. (biolegend.com)
After two, four and 24 hours, fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis for vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin was performed. (biomedcentral.com)
In the present study, we were able to demonstrate effects of DHEA on the expression of every adhesion molecule investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, we conclude that one mechanism by which DHEA may exert its protection in animal models is via the differential regulation of adhesion molecule expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-3 (ICAM-3) is a member of the immunoglobulin supergene family and functions as a ligand for the Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 (LFA-1). (biovendor.com)
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency results from an adhesion molecule defect that causes granulocyte and lymphocyte dysfunction and recurrent soft-tissue infections. (msdmanuals.com)
The protein-based communication between leukocytes and inflamed endothelial cells leading to diapedesis has been largely investigated and several key players such as IL6, TNFα, or the damage associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP) calprotectin are now well identified. (uni.lu)

Glycans, either alone or complexed with glycan-binding proteins, can deliver intracellular signals or control extracellular processes that promote initiation, execution and resolution of cell death programs. (nature.com)
Herein, we review the role of glycans and glycan-binding proteins as essential components of the cell death machinery during physiologic and pathologic settings. (nature.com)
At that time, glycobiology, which is the study of carbohydrates and their recognition by motif-specific carbohydrate-binding proteins or lectins, lagged far behind the studies that defined the structural and cellular biology of cell death. (nature.com)
As demonstrated on LF fibroblasts, the resistance to trypsin was similar in serum-supplemented and serum-free media, i.e., medium without cell adhesion-mediating proteins. (nature.com)
Based on all the results, the increased resistance to trypsinization of C2C12, LF, HaCaT, and VSMC cells on amine PPs can be explained most probably by a non-specific cell adhesion such as electrostatic interaction between the cells and amine groups on the material surface, rather than by the receptor-mediated adhesion through serum-derived proteins adsorbed on the PPs. (nature.com)
They labeled the Zika virus with green fluorescent protein to make its movements more visible, then exposed each variation of the cancer cells to the virus to determine which proteins' presence was necessary for Zika to invade cells. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
FAK's ability to bind numerous structural and signaling proteins via a variety of interactions is important for FAK activation level, and for FAK interaction with a variety of substrates localized to sites of cell adhesion. (fishersci.com)
Although focal adhesions are similar, in terms of molecular composition, to nascent adhesions and focal complexes, several adhesion proteins appear to change as focal adhesions evolve in response to tension, e.g., zyxin and vinculin . (cellmigration.org)
Biological Function Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins (PubMed:11976333). (qedbio.com)
White blood cells, or leukocytes, are extremely dependent upon integrin receptor recognition of matrix proteins in order to exit the vasculature and resolve inflammatory events within the tissues. (upstate.edu)
The cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic network of filamentous proteins that enables the active transport of cellular cargo, transduces force, and when assembled into higher-order structures, forms the basis for motile cellular structures that promote cell movement. (mechanobio.info)
There are specific receptor proteins like integrin on the external surface of focal attachments. (omicsonline.org)
Many proteins in adhesion plaque such as integrin, cytoskeleton proteins, proteases, protein kinases, phosphatases take part in signal transferring by co-localizing with vinculin and talin [ 3 ]. (omicsonline.org)
We hope therefore to answer fundamental questions about the proteins that control normal cell behaviour, how these proteins are altered in disease, and how these changes convert normal cells into cancer cells. (manchester.ac.uk)
The integrin tails have no intrinsic kinase activity but rather serve as a site for the docking of various kinases and related adaptor proteins that comprise focal adhesions. (thno.org)
Proteins that incorporate vWF domains participate in numerous biological events (e.g. cell adhesion, migration, homing, pattern formation, and signal transduction), involving interaction with a large array of ligands. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Among the potential binding partners we identified not only established components of integrin signalling pathways and cytoskeletal proteins, but also several novel LFA-1 binding partners including CD13, galectin-3, thrombospondin-1 and CD44. (northumbria.ac.uk)
A mass spectrometry-based approach of IL27 ± calprotectin cell stimulation enlightened a calprotectin modulatory role in the expression of 28 proteins, mostly involved in the mechanism of leukocyte transmigration. (uni.lu)
These properties will act mediating the action of cell adhesion proteins, regulating cell behavior and causing tissue regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
To occur the adhesion of CAMs to the biomaterial, it is necessary their interaction with some components of extracellular matrix, such as proteoglycans, collagen and proteins 23 . (bvsalud.org)
This gene provides instructions for making one part (the β2 subunit) of at least four different proteins known as β2 integrins. (medlineplus.gov)
β2 integrins recognize signs of inflammation and attach (bind) to proteins called ligands on the lining of blood vessels. (medlineplus.gov)

Whereas the formation of focal adhesions requires actomyosin-mediated contractile force mediated by RhoA , podosome formation is stimulated by a local loss of contractility and the recruitment of negative regulators of RhoA, such as p190RhoGAP [16] . (cellmigration.org)
What steps are involved in the formation of focal adhesions? (mechanobio.info)
The β-tail is the primary docking site in the formation of focal adhesions, but the alpha tail in some cases may also serve as a signaling scaffold for calcium dependent signaling events. (thno.org)

Understanding the function of lectin-glycan recognition systems in cell death will facilitate the implementation of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling unbalanced cell proliferation and survival in several pathologic conditions. (nature.com)
Our previously-obtained impressive results of highly increased C2C12 mouse myoblast adhesion to amine plasma polymers (PPs) motivated current detailed studies of cell resistance to trypsinization, cell proliferation, motility, and the rate of attachment carried out for fibroblasts (LF), keratinocytes (HaCaT), rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), and endothelial cells (HUVEC, HSVEC, and CPAE) on three different amine PPs. (nature.com)
In one of the outside-in signaling mechanisms of integrins, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is phosphorylated and activated to recruit additional kinases and induce complex signaling cascade to regulate cell survival, proliferation, and migration ( Mitra and Schlaepfer, 2006 ). (drugdiscoverynews.com)
CDH1 is involved in mechanisms regulating cell-cell adhesions, mobility and proliferation of epithelial cells (PubMed:11976333). (qedbio.com)
They play an important role in many different vital cell processes including migration, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. (harvard.edu)
in the proliferation and differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. (edu.au)
It will also have links through our USA collaborators to understanding the role of such growth factors in the proliferation tumor cells within the brain (U87 a nasty brain tumor). (edu.au)
Loss of GPR56 does not affect cell proliferation, migration, or neurite outgrowth. (jneurosci.org)
Changing surface characteristics of scaffolds was a way to promote regeneration and ion implantation was one of the methods to modify surface properties which play a huge role in enhancing the proliferation and integration of cells. (omicsonline.org)
In this study, it was observed that the ion implantation stimulated the neural proliferation and the implantation of different ions on cell culture surfaces was essential to determine the effects of this technique on adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis properties of cells in details. (omicsonline.org)
A universal feature is the generation of a dense and highly rigid stromal extracellular matrix (ECM) that, based on analyses of the adhesion-dependent control of cell phenotype in other systems, is likely to alter proliferation, migration and differentiation. (manchester.ac.uk)
Determination of the mechanisms whereby rigidity influences cell proliferation. (manchester.ac.uk)
The outcomes of the programme will advance our understanding of cancer in two ways: by defining how the adhesive stromal microenvironment influences tumour cell proliferation, and by identifying potential clinical targets in a cancer of massive unmet need. (manchester.ac.uk)
Integrin-mediated interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) are required for the attachment, cytoskeletal organization, mechanosensing, migration, proliferation, differentiation and survival of cells in the context of a multitude of biological processes including fertilization, implantation and embryonic development, immune response, bone resorption and platelet aggregation. (thno.org)
Signals emanating from focal adhesions have been shown to promote survival, differentiation and proliferation [ 5 ]. (thno.org)

These datasets provide a resource for future studies of integrin receptor-specific signaling events. (nih.gov)
The primary ligands for CD31 have been reported to be CD38 and the vitronectin receptor (α v β 3 integrin, CD51/CD61). (biolegend.com)
Human keratinocytes and fibroblasts adhered to the alkali-treated collagen via the collagen receptor integrin alpha2beta1. (lookformedical.com)
Integrins are not constitutively active but rather exist in multiple activation states wherein ligand binding stability is related to the activation status of the receptor. (thno.org)
Neuropilin-2 (NRP2) is a widely expressed membrane-bound multifunctional non-tyrosine kinase receptor, which has previously been implicated in influencing cell adhesion and migration by interacting with α5-integrin and regulating adhesion turnover. (uea.ac.uk)
BACKGROUND: We have recently reported a novel mutation in the beta3 subunit of the platelet fibrinogen receptor (alpha(IIb)beta3D723H) identified in a patient with dominantly inherited macrothrombocytopenia, and we have shown that this mutation promotes a new phenotype in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, characterized by fibrinogen-dependent, microtubule-driven proplatelet-like cell extensions. (uni.lu)

Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that colocalizes with integrins in focal adhesions. (fishersci.com)
This cellular localization is directed by a 125 amino acid sequence at the C-terminus called the "Focal Adhesion Targeting" sequence (FAT). (fishersci.com)
Rho activation is thought to generate focal adhesions and actin bundling due to increased myosin II activity. (cellmigration.org)
Owing to their highly localized nature, cell-matrix adhesions were initially called focal adhesions. (cellmigration.org)
Focal complexes are adhesions in the early stages of maturation. (cellmigration.org)
Like nascent adhesions, they also tend to either disassemble (turnover) or grow and elongate into focal adhesions. (cellmigration.org)
Focal adhesions: this term is currently reserved for mature adhesions that evolve slowly over time [12] . (cellmigration.org)
Although their molecular composition is very similar to that of focal adhesions, their spatial distribution is radial, forming dot-like structures similar to 'suction cups' [14] . (cellmigration.org)
The four panels represent roughly the different steps in the formation and disassembly of focal adhesions. (mechanobio.info)
Focal adhesions act as molecular clutches that provide grip to the substrate for the lamellipodium to protrude forward during motility. (mechanobio.info)
The adhesions between cultured cells and the material surface are called focal attachments or adhesion plaques. (omicsonline.org)
Focal attachments have 10-15 nm distance between the cell membrane and the material surface and they are tight connections. (omicsonline.org)

Promotes adhesion of endothelial cells through interaction of integrins and the RGD motif. (thermofisher.com)
We demonstrated the striking difference in the resistance to trypsin treatment between endothelial and non-endothelial cells. (nature.com)
The increased resistance observed for the non-endothelial cell types was accompanied by an increased rate of cellular attachment, even though spontaneous migration was comparable to the control, i.e., to the standard cultivation surface. (nature.com)
It is a member of the Ig superfamily, expressed on endothelial cells, platelets, granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, and T and B cell subsets, and is critical for cell-to-cell interactions. (biolegend.com)
Endothelial cells derived from human umbilical cord were subjected to an lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. (biomedcentral.com)
Neutrophils were freshly isolated from blood of 10 male healthy volunteers, stimulated the same way as endothelial cells and analyzed for surface expression of L-selectin, CD11b and CD18. (biomedcentral.com)
In the first phase of the extravasation process, selectins such as L-selectin on leukocytes and E- and P-selectin on endothelial cells lead to a loose connection that permits tethering and rolling of leukocytes on the endothelium under hydrodynamic shear [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent data suggest that ICAM-3 expression can be induced on endothelial cells in lymphoid neoplasms as shown for Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's disease. (biovendor.com)
Without stable anchorage to the extracellular matrix (ECM), endothelial cells (ECs) are unable to sense, integrate and disseminate growth factor stimulated responses that drive growth of a vascular bed. (uea.ac.uk)
Upon loss of endothelial NRP2, vascular outgrowth from the optic nerve during superficial plexus formation is disrupted, likely due to reduced FAK phosphorylation within sprouting tip cells. (uea.ac.uk)
Therefore, we examined the inflammatory impact of IL27 on primary endothelial cells and the potentially modulatory effect of calprotectin on both transcriptome and proteome levels. (uni.lu)
This disease is a defect in fucose metabolism (lack of fucosylation of the carbohydrate selectin ligands) that results in failure to express the ligand for E and P selectin, sialyl Lewis-X (CD15s) expressed on leukocytes and endothelial cells. (medscape.com)

For example, cell adhesion to a fibronectin substratum involves concurrent activation of Src and phosphorylation of the FAK activation loop. (fishersci.com)
Agonist activity at alpha5beta1 in human K562 cells assessed as increase in cell adhesion to fibronectin pre-incubated for 30 mins before fibronectin. (bindingdb.org)
Agonist activity at alpha5beta1 integrin in human K562 cells assessed as increase of fibronectin-mediated cell adhesion after 30 mins by fluorescence. (bindingdb.org)
You might expect that the harder the integrin-fibronectin bond is pulled, the more likely it is to break. (rupress.org)
They used atomic force microscopy to measure how long individual bonds between α 5 β 1 integrin and fibronectin lasted when pulled apart with constant forces. (rupress.org)
α5-integrin, and its ECM ligand fibronectin (FN) are both known to be upregulated during the formation of neo-vasculature. (uea.ac.uk)

CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1) expressed on lymphocytes is known to play an important role in lymphocyte trafficking (adhesion to vascular endothelium), as well as interactions to antigen presenting cells (APC). (medscape.com)

In the earliest stages of development, the physical properties of the microenvironment can direct cell differentiation, and initiate the coordinated movement of groups of cells to establish the patterns that will define how the body is arranged. (mechanobio.info)
During the differentiation of human DCs from monocyte precursors, LFA-1 ligand binding capacity is completely lost, even though its expression levels were remained constant. (northumbria.ac.uk)

The process of metastasis is the consequence of migration of melanoma cells from the primary lesion, to locoregional and distant body sites via the lymphatic circulation and the bloodstream. (hindawi.com)
It is expected that the genes involved include those that regulate cell adhesion, cell migration and invasiveness. (biomedcentral.com)
They showed that overexpression of RhoC in the parental A375P cells dramatically increased metastasis in vivo and cell migration in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
Cell adhesion (the physical interaction of a cell with another cell or with the extracellular matrix (ECM)) is essential for cell migration and tissue integrity. (cellmigration.org)
Cell-cell adhesion maintains epithelial tissues, supports functional contacts between specialized cells, and can facilitate directed migration (for example, radial glia can guide neuronal progenitor cells to specific layers of the brain). (cellmigration.org)
Cell-matrix adhesion is the best-studied form of adhesion that mediates cell migration, and is the focus of this outline. (cellmigration.org)
Matrix degradability controls multicellularity of 3D cell migration. (mpg.de)
The data reported here support a model whereby NRP2 actively promotes EC adhesion and migration by regulating dynamic cytoskeletal remodeling and by stimulating Rab11-dependent recycling of α5-integrin-p-FAK complexes to newly assembling adhesion sites. (uea.ac.uk)
The β2-integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) plays an important role in the migration, adhesion and intercellular communication of dendritic cells (DCs). (northumbria.ac.uk)

LFA-1, an alpha-beta complex, is a member of the leukocyte integrin family which mediate lymphocyte adhesion. (biovendor.com)

The process of metastasis involves the spread of neoplastic cells to locoregional or distant body sites via lymphatic vessels and/or bloodstream. (hindawi.com)
Metastasis, the ability of cancer cells to leave the primary tumor site and spread throughout the body, presents the greatest clinical threat to the survival of cancer patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Integrins also function in pathological processes such as inflammation, wound healing, angiogenesis, and tumor metastasis. (thno.org)

Type 1 results from mutations in the integrin beta-2 gene ( ITGB2 ), encoding CD18 beta-2 integrins. (msdmanuals.com)
Mutations in the ITGB2 gene cause leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1. (medlineplus.gov)
ITGB2 gene mutations that cause leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 lead to the production of a β2 subunit that cannot bind with other subunits to form β2 integrins. (medlineplus.gov)

The different functions of specific integrin heterodimers, such as α4β1 and α5β1, have been attributed to distinct signal transduction mechanisms that are initiated by selective recruitment of adhesion complex components to integrin cytoplasmic tails. (nih.gov)

CD18, also known as integrin β2 subunit, LFA-1 β subunit, and β2 integrin, is a 90 - 95 kD type I glycoprotein. (biolegend.com)
CD18 and associated α chains function in the adhesion and signaling in hematopoietic cells. (biolegend.com)
Diagnosis of leukocyte adhesion deficiency is by detecting absence or severe deficiency of adhesive glycoproteins on the surface of WBCs using monoclonal antibodies (eg, anti-CD11, anti-CD18) and flow cytometry. (msdmanuals.com)
This 3-year-old girl had leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I) with complete absence of CD18 expression. (medscape.com)
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I) is a failure to express CD18, which composes the common ß 2 subunit of LFA1 family (ß2 integrins). (medscape.com)
Variants of leukocyte adhesion deficiency have also been reported, including fully expressed but nonfunctional CD18 and an E selectin that is expressed but rapidly cleaved from the cell surface (only present in soluble form). (medscape.com)

Upon knockdown of β3 or β5 expression using small interfering RNA (si-RNA) treatment, a marked decrease in the cell surface expression of the αv subunit was observed without a change in the mRNA levels of the αv subunit. (harvard.edu)
The ex vivo expression of CNS-related integrins (α4β1 and α L subunit of LFA-1) and the gut-related integrin (α4β7) was assessed using flow cytometry on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. (neurology.org)

10 Galectins can function inside the cells by modulating signaling pathways, 11 although they also act extracellularly by establishing multivalent interactions with cell surface glycans and delivering signals that lead to disruption of cellular homeostasis. (nature.com)
Since integrins also serve as cellular entry points for viruses such as adenovirus, foot-and-mouth disease virus and rotavirus, they systematically inhibited each integrin with a different antibody. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
E-cadherin downregulation decreases the strength of cellular adhesion within a tissue, resulting in an increase in cellular motility. (qedbio.com)
Integrin mediated cellular adhesion is dynamic process that is both indicative of and influenced by cell status. (thno.org)
these glycoproteins facilitate cellular interactions, cell attachment to blood vessel walls, cell movement, and interaction with complement fragments. (msdmanuals.com)
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are increasingly used as an intravenously applied cellular therapeutic. (stemcellslab.net)

Hap involvement in NTHi375-host interaction was shown to be limited, despite promoting bacterial cell adhesion when expressed in H. influenzae RdKW20. (qub.ac.uk)
The initial interaction of ICAM-3 with LFA-1 might increase LFA-1-mediated cell binding to ICAM-1. (biovendor.com)

In the case of melanoma, circulating cells may find a suitable microenvironment in the first draining lymph node, known as the sentinel lymph node, in other lymphnodes or in distant organs, leading to secondary tumor growth (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
The consecutive stages of cancer growth and dissemination are obligatorily perpetrated through specific interactions of the tumor cells with their microenvironment. (hindawi.com)
Importantly, cell-associated and tumor microenvironment glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)/proteoglycan (PG) content and distribution are markedly altered during tumor pathogenesis and progression. (hindawi.com)
The consecutive steps of tumor growth, local invasion, intravasation, extravasation, and invasion of anatomically distant sites are obligatorily perpetrated through specific interactions of the tumor cells with their microenvironment. (hindawi.com)
Specifically, these extracellular matrix (ECM) components critically modulate the tumor cell "motile phenotype" affecting their adhesive/migratory abilities which are directly correlated to the metastatic cascade [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Cell-associated and tumor microenvironment GAG content and distribution is markedly altered during tumor pathogenesis and progression [ 11 , 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
In addition, blocking the integrin in glioblastoma tumor samples removed from human patients during surgery also blocked the infection. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Analysis of highly metastatic melanoma cells using oligonucleotide arrays has identified genes regulating tumor invasiveness. (biomedcentral.com)
Poorly metastatic tumor cell populations are injected into the tail vein and relatively rare cells that are capable of metastasizing to the lungs are dissected several weeks later. (biomedcentral.com)
OBJECTIVE: To observe the anti-tumor effect of moxibustion with seed-sized moxa cones on Hepa1-6 liver cancer bearing (HLCB) mice and its regulatory mechanism on cell apoptosis. (bvsalud.org)

We discuss here the contribution of glycan-lectin interactions to the initiation, execution and resolution of apoptosis and their emerging roles in other cell death programs including autophagy. (nature.com)
Researchers have long speculated that integrins might display this unusual behavior, but experiments measuring the forces that disrupt integrin-ligand interactions failed to find any evidence of catch bonds. (rupress.org)

CAMs have been classified into: cadherins, the immunoglobulin superfamily, integrins and selectins. (bvsalud.org)
It is a defect in the expression of ligands for selectins due to lack of enzymes required for expression of selectin ligands. (medscape.com)

While leukocyte behavior remains a major laboratory focus, we also study a variety of vascular and tissue cells, both primary and immortal lines. (upstate.edu)
We also demonstrate that EC-NRP2 is required for normal postnatal retinal vascular development, specifically by regulating cell-matrix adhesion. (uea.ac.uk)

Dendritic cells (DCs), which are the most important antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that send signals to the T cells, mainly participate in the pathogenesis of many diseases with immunoregulatory mechanisms, such as AR. (frontiersin.org)

Integrins recruit multimolecular adhesion complexes to their cytoplasmic domains, which provide structural and mechanosensitive signaling connections between the extracellular and intracellular milieux. (nih.gov)

Our laboratory studies two aspects of leukocyte integrin biology. (upstate.edu)

Nascent adhesions are the first observable adhesive structures, emerging within the lamellipodium. (cellmigration.org)
Nascent adhesions are small and highly transient - either maturing or disassembling ('turning over') - and are therefore not easily observed in every cell type [6] , [7] . (cellmigration.org)
They are larger than nascent adhesions, depend on myosin II for their formation and maintenance, and reside at the boundary of the lamellum and lamellipodium [10] , [11] . (cellmigration.org)
From left: Panel 1 shows formation of nascent adhesions at the cell periphery. (mechanobio.info)

Two-color flow cytometric analysis of CD31 expression on BALC/c mouse bone marrow cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
Two-color flow cytometric dot plots show the correlated expression patterns of CD31 (or Ig Isotype control staining) versus CD45R/B220 for gated events with the forward and side light-scatter characteristics of viable bone marrow cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
CD31 is a 130 kDa integral membrane protein, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, that mediates cell-to-cell adhesion. (bdbiosciences.com)

These adhesions generate signals that activate Rac, promoting actin polymerization and preventing myosin II engagement in the lamellipodium. (cellmigration.org)
2010). Actin and serum response factor transduce physical cues from the microenvironment to regulate epidermal stem cell fate decisions. (mpg.de)
We are testing a new hypothesis that nucleation of cytoskeletal actin originates with the adhesion site - somewhat at odds with currently accepted models. (upstate.edu)
At the lamellipodium-lamellum interface, unstable adhesions disappear and stable ones start to elongate in a centripetal fashion along the direction of actin retrograde flow. (mechanobio.info)

Thus, FAK activity is regulated by a complex set of phosphorylation sites, and thisphospho-regulation could be important for cell motility, cell growth, cytoskeletal organization, and adhesion-dependent cell survival. (fishersci.com)

Sequence Location Cell junction, adherens junction, Cell membrane, Single-pass type I membrane protein. (qedbio.com)
2010). Exploiting the superior protein resistance of polymer brushes to control single cell adhesion and polarisation at the micron scale. (mpg.de)
The laboratory utilizes techniques ranging from molecular biology to whole animal inflammation models, with an emphasis on cell biology and protein biochemistry. (upstate.edu)
Currently, 18 subtypes have been reported: 12 are type I (dysfunctional lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor synthesis), and 6 are type II (dysfunctional trimming/processing of the protein-bound oligosaccharide), including leukocyte adhesion deficiency II (CDG-IIc). (medscape.com)

Patients with leukocyte adhesion deficiency II manifest the Bombay phenotype (ie, negative for O and H blood group antigens with potential production of anti-H antibody). (medscape.com)

The objectives of this study were to characterize how the αv integrins regulate each other in both a normal and pro-fibrotic environment in order or decipher any mutual regulation between the αv integrins and to assess if there is a good in vitro model to look at potential compensation mechanisms specifically in an inflammatory environment. (harvard.edu)
The cell and molecular mechanisms that underlie developmental motoneuron cell death. (edu.au)
We propose that cells have evolved mechanisms to monitor adhesive status, and that mechanical cues in the extracellular environment are converted into signals linking to one or more cell cycle checkpoints. (manchester.ac.uk)
Accurate identification of these mechanisms of cell adhesion is essential for further advancement in tissue engineering, such as the production of biological bone substitutes that achieve a better clinical outcome. (bvsalud.org)
Mechanisms of skin sensitization and allergic epidermal Langerhans cells (LC), although other cuta- contact dermatitis neous (dermal) dendritic cells (DC) may also contrib- ute. (cdc.gov)

Specific ligands bind and cluster integrins to regulate vehicle trafficking and transduce both outside-in and inside-out signaling events ( Hynes, 2002 ). (drugdiscoverynews.com)
The biodirectional nature of integrin mediated signaling allows both extra- and intracellular cues to regulate activation [ 4 ] (Fig. 1 ). (thno.org)

The binding of extracellular matrix ligands to integrins triggers autophosphorylation at Tyr-397, and activation of FAK through phosphorylation of Tyr residues (Tyr-576 and Tyr577) in the kinase domain activation loop. (fishersci.com)
Signaling through the β2 integrins triggers the transport of the attached leukocyte across the blood vessel wall to the site of infection or injury. (medlineplus.gov)

Chandhoke, S.K. and Blystone, S.D. Beta-3 integrin phosphorylation is essential for Arp3 organization into leukocyte avb3 -vitronectin adhesions. (upstate.edu)
Blystone, S.D. Kinetic regulation of b3 integrin tyrosine phosphorylation. (upstate.edu)

The objective of this study is to explore the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) expression profiles of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, ICAM-3 expression has been shown for dendritic epidermal Langerhans cells, whereas it is absent on other dendritic cells from different lymphoid organs. (biovendor.com)
In recent years, much has been learned of the characteristics of immune responses to skin sensitizing chemicals and of the roles played by dendritic cells, cytokines and chemokines. (cdc.gov)

Alkali-treated collagen retained the triple helical conformation and the ligand activity for the cell adhesion via alpha2beta1 integrin. (lookformedical.com)
Pivotal studies by the group of Horwitz in children with osteogenesis imperfecta, an inherited enzyme deficiency of collagen synthesis by mesenchymal cells in bone, opened the field for intravenous use of MSCs. (stemcellslab.net)
This concept started from the observation that bone marrow transplantation can provide stromal cells able to synthesize intact collagen type I, replacing deficient patient cell function and ameliorating disease symptoms [5]. (stemcellslab.net)

What is the precise role of intracellular and extracellular galectins in the control of cell death programs? (nature.com)
Intracellular signaling events that converge on the cytoplasmic domain of integrin tails are also capable of activating the high affinity state. (thno.org)
Intracellular signals that result in integrin activation are referred to as 'inside-out' signaling events. (thno.org)
Integrin ligation via cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix contacts transduces intracellular signaling events in a process called 'outside-in' signaling (Fig. 2 ). (thno.org)

The integrins' involvement in all of these processes can facilitate the communication between extracellular matrix, inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, and parenchymal cells through their ability to bind to extracellular matrix ligands, cell-surface ligands, and soluble ligands. (harvard.edu)

Several years later, Kerr and co-workers 2 defined the morphological changes in cells undergoing this process, also known as apoptosis. (nature.com)
Sequential proteolysis induced by apoptosis or calcium influx, results in translocation from sites of cell-cell contact to the cytoplasm. (qedbio.com)

Cells were analyzed by qPCR and flow cytometry to assess the changes in the integrin expression profile. (harvard.edu)

Another reported type of leukocyte adhesion deficiency involves dysfunction in platelet aggregation in addition to a defect in leukocyte adhesion. (medscape.com)

Therefore, many laboratories try with great effort to develop resorbable tissue scaffolds that could support the patient´s cells. (nature.com)
ECM provides mechanical support for cells and also determines the shape of tissue 9 . (nature.com)
Later, Arnold Caplan's group described mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) as multipotent mesenchymal cell populations which can differentiate into several tissue types, and demonstrated roles for MSCs in the regeneration of bone, cartilage or ligaments in animal and clinical studies [2-4]. (stemcellslab.net)
The tissue source of the MSCs was in most cases not decisive, and cells from various tissue sources were explored. (stemcellslab.net)

In this work, bicyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptides are established as novel selective, high-affinity integrin ligands, which can be applied for membrane-integrinvisualization and integrin-mediated cell adhesion in 2D and 3D polymer matrices. (rwth-aachen.de)
Both avb3- and a5b1-selective bicycles promoted HUVEC adhesion and growth on 2D ELR surfaces with much higher efficiencies than linear benchmark GRGDS, and with at least equal or even higher efficiencies as compared to mono-cyclic (cyclo-[KRGDf]) and knottin-RGD benchmark peptides. (rwth-aachen.de)
The overall results of this work reveal that bicyclic RGD peptides represent an entirely novel and valuable platform with high potential for the development of new cell integrin biomarkers as well as cell adhesion-promoting compounds. (rwth-aachen.de)

The structural basis for the divalent cation-dependent binding of heterodimeric alphabeta integrins to their ligands, which contain the prototypical Arg-Gly-Asp sequence, is unknown. (rcsb.org)

Ligand Diffusion Enables Force-Independent Cell Adhesion via Activating a5b1 Integrin and Initiating Rac and RhoA Signaling. (mpg.de)
For the affinity-based screening and selection of hundreds of potential RGD-bicycles for their binding to integrins avb3, avb5 and a5b1, a fast and cost-efficient ELISA method was developed applying a high-affinity, biotinylated cysteine-knot RGD peptide(knottin-RGD) as a benchmark ligand. (rwth-aachen.de)
In 3D PIC hydrogels, the a5b1-selective bicycle CT3RGDcT3AWGCT3 promoted superior cell adhesion and the formation of numerous protrusions already after one day as compared to hydrogels functionalized with linear, monocyclic and knottin-RGD benchmarks. (rwth-aachen.de)

Scheme depicts the process of adhesion maturation. (cellmigration.org)
Fibrillar adhesions represent an extreme in the maturation of adhesions and are not generally seen in migrating cells. (cellmigration.org)
The protrusions of the cell edge are shown as green arrows corresponding to points of adhesion maturation (panels 3 and 4). (mechanobio.info)

The ligand binds at the major interface between the alphaV and beta3 subunits and makes extensive contacts with both. (rcsb.org)

They were first observed in cells expressing a constitutively active form of Rac [8] . (cellmigration.org)

In the absence of integrin ligation, these processes are abrogated therefore pharmacological inhibition of integrin ligation is of great interest for the therapy of numerous diseases resulting from abberant integrin mediated signaling. (thno.org)

Therefore, pharmacological inhibition of integrins is of great interest for the treatment and prevention of disease. (thno.org)

These results support a novel hypothesis that the cerebellar defects in Gpr56 knock-outs, and potentially in human patients with GPR56 mutations, arise from the disrupted adhesion of developing granule cells to the pial BM. (jneurosci.org)
Type 3 is caused by mutations in the FERMT3 gene (11q13.1), which encodes kindlin-3 in hematopoietic cells. (msdmanuals.com)
which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. (medlineplus.gov)

2014). Micropatterned multicolour dynamically adhesive substrates to control cell adhesion and multicellular organization. (mpg.de)

The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis found 16 significant regulated pathways in imDCs and 10 significant regulated pathways in mDCs, including the phagosome, cell adhesion signaling pathway, and inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels pathway. (frontiersin.org)

Anatomy42

Organisms7

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs127

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes50

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Receptors23

Molecules29

Molecule11

Proteins22

Formation of focal adhesions3

Proliferation15

Receptor6

Focal12

Endothelial12

Fibronectin6

Endothelium1

Differentiation2

Migration9

Mediate1

Metastasis3

ITGB23

Specific integrin1

CD186

Subunit2

Cellular6

Interaction2

Tumor10

Interactions2

Selectins2

Vascular2

Antigen1

Complexes1

Leukocyte integrin1

Nascent adhesions4

CD313

Actin4

Cytoskeletal1

Protein4

Phenotype1

Mechanisms5

Regulate2

Triggers2

Phosphorylation2

Dendritic cells3

Collagen3

Intracellular4

Bind1

Apoptosis2

Flow cytometry1

Platelet aggregation1

Tissue4

Peptides3

Heterodimeric1

A5b13

Maturation3

Subunits1

Constitutively active1

Ligation1

Pharmacological inhibition1

Mutations3

Adhesive1

Signaling pathway1