• These include the role of connexins in cell growth migration apoptosis signaling and development. (liveconscience.com)
  • 2 Gap junction-independent functions of connexins on tumorigenic cell growth migration and apoptosis Loewenstein and Kanno [11] first established evidence that liver cancer cells were different from normal liver cells in that they lacked intercellular communication. (liveconscience.com)
  • Biochemical and molecular aspects of cellular function, interactions and communication including cell cycle, apoptosis, cancer, neuronal transmission and the signal transduction pathways that integrate them. (sfu.ca)
  • On the other end of the spectrum, the microvascular endothelial cells are the first cells to undergo apoptosis at the onset of corpus luteum regression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • JAM3 knockdown additionally inhibited trophoblast proliferation and increased the number of trophoblasts in the sub-G1 and G2/M phases, indicating cell-cycle disturbance and apoptosis. (bioone.org)
  • SI221, which showed to be mainly effective against the SFK member YES, significantly reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis, without affecting non-tumor cells, such as primary human skin fibroblasts and differentiated C2C12 cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • In a different study, in which researchers systematically analyzed mutations identical to those found in patients with Darier disease, mutant SERCA2 protein aggregates were found to cause stress to the endoplasmic reticulum, subsequently inducing cell apoptosis. (medscape.com)
  • Embryotrophic factor-3 from human oviductal cells enhances proliferation, suppresses apoptosis and stimulates the expression of the beta1 subunit of sodium-potassium ATPase in mouse embryos. (nih.gov)
  • Connexins a family of transmembrane proteins are components of both gap junction channels and hemichannels which mediate the exchange of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells and between the inside and outside of the cell respectively. (liveconscience.com)
  • Keywords: Connexin Gap junction Hemichannel Independent function 1 Introduction Connexins are proteins which form both gap junctions and hemichannels which are ubiquitously found in both vertebrates and invertebrates. (liveconscience.com)
  • A plethora of connexin-associated proteins have been discovered including cytoskeletal elements enzymes adhesion molecules and signaling molecules. (liveconscience.com)
  • These proteins are localized in the tight junctions between endothelial cells or epithelial cells. (rndsystems.com)
  • Proteome analyses revealed a high abundance of lysosomal enzymes and lysosome-associated proteins in cancer cells treated with TGFβ-1 and E64d. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Rho proteins promote reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and regulate cell shape, attachment, and motility. (cancerindex.org)
  • DRAM2 overexpression also increased proteins CDK4, CyclinD3, and decreased p27 expression, all of which are cell cycle-related factors. (cancerindex.org)
  • Mainly associated with cytoskeleton organization, in active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as cytoskeletal dynamics, cell migration and cell cycle. (cusabio.com)
  • Transcriptional integration of upstream signaling Examination of M6 unveiled an enrichment for TFs together with other nuclear proteins involved in cell cycle regulation, chromatin modifications, and epigenetic regulation. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
  • Na/K-ATPase beta1 subunit expression is required for blastocyst formation and normal assembly of trophectoderm tight junction-associated proteins. (nih.gov)
  • Here, we applied a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach to identify proteins modulated after beta-catenin knockdown in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. (unich.it)
  • We used a label free analysis to compare trypsin-digested proteins from CTR (shCTR) and beta-catenin knockout cells (sh beta cat). (unich.it)
  • In detail, proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism and tricarboxylic acid cycle were found to be down-regulated, whereas proteins associated to lipid metabolism were found up-regulated in sh beta cat compared to shCTR. (unich.it)
  • Polarized cells must direct proteins from the Golgi apparatus to the appropriate domain since tight junctions prevent proteins from diffusing between the two domains. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cells and cell theory, the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the plasma membrane and organelles. (londonmet.ac.uk)
  • The prokaryotic cell-structure/function, principles of cell membrane transport and cells and energy (mitochondria and chloroplasts) (LOs 1-3). (londonmet.ac.uk)
  • Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. (cusabio.com)
  • It controls the localization of APC and CLASP2 to the cell membrane, via the regulation of GSK3B activity. (cusabio.com)
  • In turn, membrane-bound APC allows the localization of the MACF1 to the cell membrane, which is required for microtubule capture and stabilization. (cusabio.com)
  • Non-transfected (-) and transfected (+) HeLa whole cell extracts (50 μg) were separated by 7.5% SDS-PAGE, and the membrane was blotted with FAK (phospho Tyr576) antibody (GTX132140) diluted at 1:500. (genetex.com)
  • FAK (phospho Tyr576) antibody detects FAK (phospho Tyr576) protein at cell membrane by immunohistochemical analysis. (genetex.com)
  • Various whole cell extracts (30 μg) were separated by 7.5% SDS-PAGE, and the membrane was blotted with FAK (phospho Tyr576) antibody (GTX132140) diluted at 1:1000. (genetex.com)
  • This protein may also affect cytoskeletal-membrane organization, cell adhesion, protein trafficking, and the activation of transcription factors. (thermofisher.com)
  • Electron microscopy reveals loss of desmosomes (epithelial intercellular junctions formed by membrane and submembrane protein complexes), breakdown of desmosome-keratin intermediate filament attachment, and perinuclear aggregates of keratin intermediate filaments. (medscape.com)
  • A loss of mitochondrial mass and membrane potential was also assessed by fluorescent probes in sh beta cat cells with respect to the controls. (unich.it)
  • Studies in epithelial cells have indicated that Popdc1 plays a role in cell-cell conversation and adhesion and that the conversation of Popdc1 molecules with one another is important for the maintenance of intercellular junctions [8]C[10]. (sdfca.org)
  • Even more examination of M7 unveiled an enrich ment of signaling cascades which might be downstream of cellular junctions, most appreciably the focal adhesion pathway. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
  • Lysosomal patterning and junctional adhesion molecule A (Jam-a) localization and abundance were analyzed by immunofluorescence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Junctional adhesion molecule 3 (JAM3) is involved in epithelial cell junction, cell polarity, and motility. (bioone.org)
  • Recombinant Human JAM-B/VE-JAM Fc Chimera (Catalog # 1074-VJ ), immobilized onto a microplate previously coated with Goat Anti-Human IgG Fc (Catalog # G-102-C ), supports the adhesion of the J45.01 human acute lymphoblastic leukemia T lymphocyte cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line), as measured by endogenous cellular lysosomal acid phosphatase activity. (rndsystems.com)
  • Normal epithelial cells and carcinoma cells can acquire invasiveness by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process of considerable cellular remodeling. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results demonstrate an important role of lysosomal proteolysis in cellular remodeling during EMT and a pivotal contribution of lysosomal cysteine cathepsins to TGFβ-1 induced acquisition of breast cancer cell invasiveness. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This is a module which provides students with an understanding of basic cell structures and an awareness of different cell types and relates the structure and activities of cell components to their functions and to cellular activities as a whole. (londonmet.ac.uk)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • beta-catenin plays an important role as regulatory hub in several cellular processes including cell adhesion, metabolism, and epithelial mesenchymal transition. (unich.it)
  • TGFβ-1 induced morphological and functional changes of cells are the result of substantial gene regulation and protein alterations leading to: loss of epithelial cell-cell adhesion and apical-basolateral polarity, change of differentiation markers, acquisition of fibroblastoid shape, reversion of intermediate filaments, gain of cell motility and increased extracellular proteolysis [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Photoreceptor cells of the vertebrate neural retina originate in the neuroepithelium, and like other neurons, must undergo cell body translocation and polarity transitions to acquire their final functional morphology, which includes features of neuronal and epithelial cells. (ehu.eus)
  • The ectopic photoreceptor progenitors initially migrated in an apparent random manner, profusely extending cell processes, until they encountered other cells to establish cell rosettes in which they stayed, acquiring photoreceptor-like polarity. (ehu.eus)
  • His research is focused on Cell surface receptors, Ligand-receptor networks, Signalling pathways and inhibition, Signal transduction, Trafficking mechanisms. (hoajonline.com)
  • High-risk groups had significant involvement of the cell cycle, DNA replication, adherens junction, actin cytoskeleton regulation, pathways in cancer, and TGF-β signaling pathways. (aging-us.com)
  • Whereas the mechanisms activating mechanotransduction are well studied, the reversibility of this process, whereby cells disassemble and reverse force-activated signalling pathways upon cessation of mechanical stimulation is far less understood. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) 2 of 317 pathways' ## [1] 'Querying. (tu-dortmund.de)
  • Additionally GJIC independent involvement of connexin-associated intercellular adhesion has also been presented [7]. (liveconscience.com)
  • Involvement of Popdc1 in the regulation and signaling of tight junction formation and function, vesicular transport and receptor cycling has been exhibited [11]C[14]. (sdfca.org)
  • This review is designed to provide an overview of the types of endothelial cells present in the corpus luteum and their involvement in corpus luteum development and regression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our previous work showed that upon the alteration of the blood-retina barrier, the serine protease thrombin could contribute to the transformation, proliferation, and migration of RPE cells. (molvis.org)
  • Collectively, these studies demonstrate that the rate of endothelial cell proliferation is highest during corpus luteum formation, then decreases and remains low during the mid-luteal phase and structural regression of the corpus luteum. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The regulation of endothelial cell proliferation in the corpus luteum of pregnancy is less clear. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 12 ] found that the lncRNA FAM207BP facilitated LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. (aging-us.com)
  • Previous researches completed by our team have also demonstrated that resveratrol inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Overexpression of this gene is associated with tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. (cancerindex.org)
  • Transwell migration, cell cycle analysis, MTT and colony formation assays were performed to determine the effect of DRAM2 overexpression and knockdown on NSCLC-cell migration and proliferation. (cancerindex.org)
  • Additionally, DRAM2 overexpression promoted cell metastasis and proliferation in vitro, while knockdown of DRAM2 expression yielded opposite result. (cancerindex.org)
  • SFK inhibition also induced muscle differentiation in RMS cells by affecting the NOTCH3 receptor-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) axis, which regulates the balance between proliferation and differentiation. (oncotarget.com)
  • Fer kinase also regulates cell cycle progression in malignant cells. (umbc.edu)
  • Cell-cycle arrest was associated with the engagement of checkpoint kinase 2-cell division cycle 25C-cyclin-dependent kinase 1/cyclin B1 signaling. (bioone.org)
  • IRE1 RNase inhibition (MKC8866) and PERK kinase inhibition (GSK-2606414) affect autophagy flux in U251 and U87 cells (p62 degradation and LC3β-II/LC3β-I ratio) in different ways. (mdpi.com)
  • The laboratories of Dr. Bhattacharyya and Dr. Dalal study the biogenesis and size and copy control mechanisms of organelles such as the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, the nucleus, the centrosome and the cell-cell adhesion junction the desmosome. (actrec.gov.in)
  • One such input is mechanical force, which activates signalling and regulates cell behaviour in the process of mechanotransduction. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • The family of juctional adhesion molecules (JAM), comprising at least three members, are type I transmembrane receptors belonging to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily (1, 2). (rndsystems.com)
  • Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. (rndsystems.com)
  • Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. (cusabio.com)
  • It is well documented that GJIC is important in mediating normal cell growth differentiation and development. (liveconscience.com)
  • We previously provided an overview of the gap junction-independent functions of connexins on cell growth differentiation and tumorigenicity [6]. (liveconscience.com)
  • Overall, our findings suggest that SFK inhibition, besides reducing RMS cell growth and invasive potential, could also represent a differentiation therapeutic strategy for RMS. (oncotarget.com)
  • This study explores the use of a simple human neurosphere-based in vitro model to characterise the pharmacological and toxicological effects of LiCl and VPA using gene expression changes linked to phenotypic alterations in cells. (plos.org)
  • Human embryonic stem cells (hESc) can also be used to analyze the in vitro development from undifferentiated pluripotent cells leading to terminally differentiated cell types, recapitulating the process of early embryonic development [5] . (plos.org)
  • Important insights on the morphology and function of luteal endothelial cells have been gained from a combination of in vitro and in vivo studies on endothelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In in vitro experiment using HaCaT cells, we found that the S. lappa components, including alantolactone, caryophyllene, costic acid, costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone significantly decreased the expression of PI3Kca but not IL20Rβ in vitro . (molcells.org)
  • Moreover, SI221 decreased in vitro cell migration and invasion and reduced tumor growth in a RMS xenograft model. (oncotarget.com)
  • Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries Here, the computationally predicted functional purpose for Stat3 in primitive, but not definitive, erythroid cell maturation is validated in vitro. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
  • This group focuses on the cell biology of normal and tumor cells and how these differences can explain tumor progression and possibly identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention. (actrec.gov.in)
  • The objectives of these studies are to provide novel insights into how the cell regulates organelle size and number, how these mechanisms are altered in tumor cells and the subsequent consequences for tumor progression. (actrec.gov.in)
  • The laboratories of Dr. Dalal, Dr. Hasan and Dr. Teni study cell cycle progression and checkpoint control. (actrec.gov.in)
  • Since then there has been a surge of studies dedicated to discovering the role of gap junctions and connexins in tumor progression [5 12 Reduced expression of connexins and GJIC has been shown in many tumor types and connexins have been recognized as tumor suppressors. (liveconscience.com)
  • Required for the apical junction formation of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion. (cusabio.com)
  • Overexpression of JAM3 or recombinant JAM3 protein enhanced trophoblast adhesion and migration, which were inhibited by JAM3 knockdown. (bioone.org)
  • A combination treatment of Simvastatin (Simva) and Temozolomide (TMZ) inhibits autophagy flux and induces unfolded protein response (UPR) in GBM cells (U251, U87). (mdpi.com)
  • Full length human recombinant protein of human SDCBP produced in HEK293T cell. (thermofisher.com)
  • The investigators found that the resultant transfected cells showed defects in ATP2A2 protein expression (15 mutants), ATP hydrolysis (29 mutants), calcium transport (4 mutants), and calcium binding and kinetics (3 mutants). (medscape.com)
  • Adhesion elicited by Recombinant Human JAM-B/VE-JAM Fc Chimera (0.2 µg/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Mouse Anti-Human JAM-B/ VE-JAM Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB10741). (rndsystems.com)
  • Clinical studies show that deficient or abnormal connexins are frequently found in tumor tissues and cell lines such as breast PCI-34051 cancer prostate cancer lung cancer and many other cancers. (liveconscience.com)
  • But these treatments, to some extent, easily produce side effects on normal cells, organs, and other tissues of the human body, thus accelerating the death process of cancer patients. (hindawi.com)
  • The results displayed that LINC00659 is upregulated in IVC tissues and isolated endothelial group cells (EPCs) of patients with LEDVT. (biomedcentral.com)
  • GRE Subject Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology was a standardized exam provided by ETS (Educational Testing Service) that was discontinued in December 2016. (wikipedia.org)
  • After learning that test content from editions of the GRE® Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology (BCM) Test has been compromised in Israel, ETS made the decision not to administer this test worldwide in 2016-17. (wikipedia.org)
  • Current opinion in cell biology. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • Molecular Biology of the Cell , 7th edition. (sfu.ca)
  • Tutorials will consolidate the foundation learnt in lectures but will seek to link the content to the impact of modern cell biology on medicine and agriculture in a social and cultural context in the modern day environment. (londonmet.ac.uk)
  • Weblearn-assisted sessions will also seek to link the module content to the impact of modern cell biology on medicine and agriculture in a social and cultural context in the modern day environment but in a wider context than covered in the lectures in an aim to encourage self-directed learning. (londonmet.ac.uk)
  • Dr. Paul Robert Fisher holds the Chair in Microbiology at La Trobe University, where he leads the Microbial Cell Biology Group. (hoajonline.com)
  • Medical Biology - Cell Biology is a one semester subject for students of Dentistry. (semmelweis.hu)
  • Medical Biology - Cell Biology has theoretical (lecture) and laboratory (practice) parts. (semmelweis.hu)
  • Final exam (Medical Biology - Cell Biology) consists of an oral test (preparations, electron micrographs, methods applied in cell biology) and a written test (multiple choice, essays, drawings, etc. covering theoretical part of the subject). (semmelweis.hu)
  • Essential Cell Biology. (semmelweis.hu)
  • At present, with the in-depth understanding of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and the increase of research, it has become the focus of medical research [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The cyclic nature of the capillary bed in the corpus luteum offers a unique experimental model to examine the life cycle of endothelial cells, involving discrete physiologically regulated steps of angiogenesis, blood vessel maturation and blood vessel regression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To assess the role of cell adhesion in the organization of photoreceptor progenitors, we knocked-down cdh2 /N-cadherin and observed the cell behavior by time-lapse microscopy. (ehu.eus)
  • This ultra-lightweight panel can achieve up to an incredible 248-degree arc of flexibility thanks to advanced solar cell technology and lamination techniques. (wattsmonocrystallinesolar.com)
  • In this review we provide an updated overview on the current knowledge of gap junction- and hemichannel-independent functions of connexins in particular their effects on tumorigenesis neurogenesis and disease development. (liveconscience.com)
  • Whilst LiCl exposure did not significantly alter the proportion of cells expressing markers for stem cells/undifferentiated cells (Oct4, SSEA4), neurons (Neurofilament M), astrocytes (GFAP) or cell cycle phase, the drug caused a 1.4-fold increase in total cell number. (plos.org)
  • Of particular interest is their contribution to Developmental Neurotoxicity (DNT) as well as their potential impact on stem cells. (plos.org)
  • This gene encodes a member of the Rho family of small GTPases, which cycle between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states and function as molecular switches in signal transduction cascades. (cancerindex.org)
  • Small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. (cusabio.com)
  • Al though it has been shown that EPO induces tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 in addition to a likely purpose for this gene continues to be inferred in fetal definitive erythropoi esis through pathway examination, activation of Stat3 is uncommon in hematopoietic cell lines. (hdac-inhibitors.com)
  • JAM-B, alternatively named vascular endothelial JAM (VE-JAM), is expressed prominently on high endothelial venules of lymphoid organs where it is localized to the intercellular boundaries of high endothelial cells. (rndsystems.com)
  • Endothelial cells communicate with cells comprising the functional unit of the corpus luteum, i.e ., other vascular cells, steroidogenic cells, and immune cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The potential clinical applications of research directed on corpus luteum endothelial cells are intriguing considering reproductive processes in which vascular dysfunctions may play a role such as ovarian failure, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The role of lysosomal proteolysis in TGFβ-1-induced EMT and invasion was investigated in a normal and a novel malignant murine mammary epithelial cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interestingly, E64d caused lysosomal accumulation of Jam-a, a tight junction component facilitating epithelial cell-cell adhesion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Involved in a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. (cusabio.com)
  • We hypothesized that cysteine cathepsins affect transforming growth factor β-1 (TGFβ-1)-induced EMT of normal and malignant mammary epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We found increased lysosome activity during EMT of malignant mammary epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This highly malignant tumor has traditionally been considered to arise from committed skeletal muscle precursor cells that fail to differentiate [ 1 ], although some RMSs develop in organs lacking a skeletal muscle component [ 2 , 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • In conclusion, HFD-induced obese Ldlr −/− .Leiden mice develop an aberrant ITO and alterations in the spermatogenic cycle in crucial stages (stages VII and VII). (nature.com)
  • Abnormal keratinocyte-keratinocyte adhesion and aberrant epidermal keratinization are the primary histologic features of keratosis follicularis (Darier disease). (medscape.com)
  • The ability of two cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma, are evaluated as paracrine mediators of endothelial cell function during angioregression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Finally, chemokines are discussed as a vital endothelial cell secretory products that contribute to the recruitment of eosinophils and macrophages. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. (cusabio.com)
  • Gene set enrichment analysis showed that samples from low-risk group were more active in the IgA production in intestinal immune network and the T and B cell receptor signaling pathway. (aging-us.com)
  • The MEMO1-RHOA-DIAPH1 signaling pathway plays an important role in ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex. (cusabio.com)
  • [ 22 ] Investigators transfected a fibroblast cell line with 51 different mutations seen in keratosis follicularis (Darier disease) pedigrees. (medscape.com)