Cdk1 (cyclin-dependent kinase 1), also known as p34Cdc2 (cell division control protein kinase 2) depends on cyclin A and B and is triggered by a positive feedback loop at the end of G2 phase, which is the key event that initiates mitotic entry. (arigobio.cn)
The kinase complex is able to phosphorylate CDK2 and CDC2 kinases, thus functions as a CDK-activating kinase (CAK). (novusbio.com)
Because Cdc2 kinase is important for cell entry into mitosis, cyclin C's ability to regulate cell cycle progression may be attributed, in part, to modulation of Cdc2 protein expression.6 Cyclin C has a predicted molecular weight of 36 kD. (bdbiosciences.com)
CDK1, also named as CDC2, belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family and CDC2/CDKX subfamily.CDC2 plays a key role in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle. (caslab.com)
CDC2 is a catalytic subunit of the highly conserved protein kinase complex known as M-phase promoting factor (MPF) , which is essential for G1/S and G2/M phase transitions of eukaryotic cell cycle. (caslab.com)
However, it was discovered recently that the mitotic kinase Cdk1 (Cdc2a) compensates for the loss of Cdk2. (elsevierpure.com)
p21 mediates its various biological activities primarily by binding to and inhibiting the kinase activity of the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) CDK2 and CDK1 (also known as CDC2) leading to growth arrest at specific stages in the cell cycle (FIG. 2). (darkskiesfilm.com)
A cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex that has a cyclin B regulatory subunit and a Cdk1 kinase subunit. (proconsortium.org)
Although we did not identify any highly Clb2-specific substrates, we found that Clb2-Cdk1 possessed higher intrinsic kinase activity than Clb5-Cdk1, enabling efficient phosphorylation of a broad range of mitotic Cdk1 targets. (nature.com)
Fisher, D. L. & Nurse, P. A single fission yeast mitotic cyclin B p34 cdc2 kinase promotes both S-phase and mitosis in the absence of G1 cyclins. (nature.com)
Targets of the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk1. (nature.com)
P34Cdc21
The clone POH-1 specifically detects Cdk1 (p34Cdc2). (arigobio.cn)
Cyclin11
Destruction of cyclin B during metaphase results in inactivation of Cdk1, allowing mitotic exit and cell division. (arigobio.cn)
CDK1/CDC2-cyclin-B controls pronuclear union in interphase fertilized eggs. (arigobio.cn)
During G2 and early mitosis, CDC25A/B/C-mediated dephosphorylation activates CDK1/cyclin complexes which phosphorylate several substrates that trigger at least centrosome separation, Golgi dynamics, nuclear envelope breakdown and chromosome condensation. (arigobio.cn)
Cyclin C associates with Cdk8, forming a complex which can induce gene transcription of Cdc2 (Cdk1). (bdbiosciences.com)
In eukaryotes, the entry into mitosis is regulated by the activation of CDC2/Cyclin B1 complex (M-phase promoting factor, MPF). (biomedcentral.com)
Increasingly numerous results have demonstrated overexpression of CDC2/Cyclin B1 in various tumors however there is still no report of CDC2/Cyclin B1 expression in clinical samples from patients with gliomas. (biomedcentral.com)
Tissue microarrays (TMAs) including I-IV grade clinical glioma samples was used to determine the prognostic effect of the CDC2/Cyclin B1 expression in gliomas on different grades. (biomedcentral.com)
To reveal the roles of CDC2/Cyclin B1 in human malignant gliomas, CDC2 in glioma cell line, it was down-regulated by retrovirus vectors expressing short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) ex vivo and in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
This may be due to compensation provided by CDK1 (also called Cdc2), which can also bind cyclin E and drive the G1 to S phase transition. (umbc.edu)
Here we compare the specificity of two budding yeast cyclins, the S-phase cyclin Clb5 and the M-phase cyclin Clb2, in the phosphorylation of 150 Cdk1 (Cdc28) substrates. (nature.com)
This effect is mediated by downregulation of the key cell cycle progression factors cyclin B1, cyclin D1, CDK1, CDK4, and survivin, the latter also constituting an essential inhibitor of apoptosis, underlying additionally the onset of apoptosis. (uandes.cl)
Mitotic2
it can also activate Cdc2 (Cdk1), the principal mitotic Cdk. (wikipedia.org)
Mitotic cyclins stably associate with CDC2 and function as regulatory subunits. (caslab.com)
Antibody3
CDC2 (Ab-161) antibody was raised against a peptide sequence around aa.159~163 (T-Y-T-H-E) derived from Human CDC2. (prosci-inc.com)
This antibody detects endogenous level of total CDC2 protein. (prosci-inc.com)
The antibody is specific to the 2 isoforms of CDC2. (caslab.com)
Protein2
We found that both male and female Cdk2 -/- Cdk1 +/Cdk2KI mice were sterile, similar to Cdk2 -/- mice, even though they expressed the Cdk2 protein from the Cdk1 locus in testes. (elsevierpure.com)
Western Blotting was used to determine the level of expression of CDC2 protein as measure to quantify down regulation of CDC2 expression along with use of flow cytometry to investigate effect of shRNAs on cell cycles and detection of apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene4
In addition, we generated Cdk2 -/- Cdk1 +/Cdk2KI mice in which one copy of Cdk2 and one copy of Cdk1 were expressed from the Cdk1 locus and the Cdk2 gene was deleted from the endogenous Cdk2 locus. (elsevierpure.com)
Following ex vivo study, viral particles containing small interfering RNA for CDC2 were subsequently injected into xenogeneic graft tumor of nude mice and the weight of human glioma xenografts, survival and resulting phenotypic changes of target gene were investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
CDC2 gene plays an important role in the proliferation of human gliomas. (biomedcentral.com)
From these results, it was suggested that CDC2 might be a potential target on gene therapy of human gliomas. (biomedcentral.com)
CDK25
In the present study, we tested whether Cdk2 can compensate for the loss of Cdk1. (elsevierpure.com)
We generated a knockin mouse in which the Cdk2 cDNA was knocked into the Cdk1 locus (Cdk1 Cdk2KI ). (elsevierpure.com)
Substitution of both copies of Cdk1 by Cdk2 led to early embryonic lethality, even though Cdk2 was expressed from the Cdk1 locus. (elsevierpure.com)
The translocational and cell cycle properties of knockin Cdk2 in Cdk2 -/- Cdk1 +/Cdk2KI cells were comparable to those of endogenous Cdk2, but we detected premature transcriptional activation of Cdk1 during liver regeneration in the absence of Cdk2. (elsevierpure.com)
This study provides evidence of the molecular differences between Cdk2 and Cdk1 and highlights that the timing of transcriptional activation and the genetic locus play important roles in determining the function of Cdk proteins in vivo. (elsevierpure.com)
Apoptosis2
Used as a CDK1 substrate (0.25 mM) and also a competitive inhibitor with IC 50 =50 µM for inhibition of apoptosis induced by perforin and fragmentin-2 in YAC-1 lymphoma cells (peptide A). (enzolifesciences.com)
Retroviral vectors expressing short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) against CDC2 caused efficient deletion of CDC2, cellular G2/M arrest concluding in apoptosis and inhibition of proliferation in human glioma cells U251 and SHG-44 cell lines ex vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibits1
2007), explained for the first time the molecular mechanism of the G1 block due to CK2 inactivation: Sic1 accumulation inhibits Cdk1-Clb5 complex, thus preventing the onset of DNA replication. (unimib.it)
Yeast3
CK2 also phosphorylates two key regulators of the G1/S transition in yeast: Sic1, the Cdk1-Clb5/6 inhibitor, which is phosphorylated by CK2 on Ser201 (Coccetti et al. (unimib.it)
Figure 1: Identification of Clb5-specific Cdk1 substrates in budding yeast. (nature.com)
Stern, B. & Nurse, P. A quantitative model for the cdc2 control of S phase and mitosis in fission yeast. (nature.com)
Phosphorylation3
Once chromosomes are condensed and aligned at the metaphase plate, CDK1 activity is switched off by WEE1- and PKMYT1-mediated phosphorylation to allow sister chromatid separation, chromosome decondensation, reformation of the nuclear envelope and cytokinesis. (arigobio.cn)
In proliferating cells, CDK1-mediated FOXO1 phosphorylation at the G2-M phase represses FOXO1 interaction with 14-3-3 proteins and thereby promotes FOXO1 nuclear accumulation and transcription factor activity, leading to cell death of postmitotic neurons. (arigobio.cn)
This sequence, QLQLQAASDFKSPVKTI, contains a CKII autophosphorylation site plus a CDK1 (p34 cdc2 ) consensus phosphorylation site Ser 209 . (enzolifesciences.com)
Inhibition2
In all five HPV negative and HPV positive cell lines tested, roscovitine caused inhibition of CDK1 and 2. (oncotarget.com)
We showed that the observed increase of Sic1 level was responsible for an inhibition of Cdk1-Clb5 kinasic activity. (unimib.it)
Cyclinb11
Human glioma tissue microarrays indicated the positive expression rates of CDC2/CyclinB1 with a positive correlation with pathologic grades (r = 0.982, r = 0.959, respectively). (biomedcentral.com)
Prognostic1
Recently, a series of studies revealed the diagnostic and prognostic value of CDKs (mainly CDK1-7) in different types of human cancer, including oral cancer, medulloblastoma, pancreatic cancer ( 11 - 14 ). (jcancer.org)
Cdk1 can be ihibited by several transcriptional targets of p53, such as p21WAF. (arigobio.cn)
Downregulate2
Retroviral vectors expressing short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeted against CDC2 were designed and transducted into human glioma cell line ex vivo in order to downregulate the expression of CDC2. (biomedcentral.com)
Other miRNAs that are upregulated include nuclear-encoded hsa-miR-5096 and hsa-miR-3609, whose mimics downregulate CDK1. (uandes.cl)
Inhibit2
Furthermore, our study revealed that knockdown of CDK1 could inhibit development of MM in vitro , and alleviate the CHPF over-expression induced promotion of MM. In conclusion, our study showed, as the first time , CHPF as a tumor promotor for MM, whose function was carried out probably through the regulation of CDK1. (bvsalud.org)
Downregulation of CDC2 could potentialy inhibit human gliomas cells growth ex vivo and in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
Malignant1
Chondroitin polymerizing factor (CHPF) promotes development of malignant melanoma through regulation of CDK1. (bvsalud.org)
For subcutaneous tumors, injection of CDC2-shRNA retroviruses significantly decreased tumor weight and volume compared with control. (biomedcentral.com)
Identification1
In this study an attempt has been made to understand the molecular pathological basis of tumorigenesis which led to an identification of an oncogene, CDC2, and an epigenetic strategy has been evaluated to control the tumorigensis by downregulating this oncogene. (biomedcentral.com)
Cells1
En face co-immunostaining of the mouse aortic arch revealed a low level of PDCD4 in endothelial cells undergoing pulsatile shear stress. (plos.org)
Mice2
And the viral particles containing small interfering RNA for CDC2 were subsequently injected into subcutaneous and intracranial xenogeneic graft tuomrs of nude mice. (biomedcentral.com)
For mice implanted with intracranial gliomas, treatment of CDC2-shRNA retroviruses increased survival times compared with control. (biomedcentral.com)
Tissue1
Staining of Cdk1 reflects the proliferating potential of respective tissue. (arigobio.cn)
Level1
Real-Time PCR was used to determine the level of CDC2 mRNA. (biomedcentral.com)
Target1
RNA -sequencing followed by Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was performed for exploring downstream of CHPF and identified CDK1 as the potential target. (bvsalud.org)