Cd56 dim nk cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Along this line, although human NK cells collected from nonreactive LN display almost no KIR and CD16 expression, NK cells derived from highly reactive LN, efferent lymph, and PB express significant amounts of KIR and CD16, implying that CD56bright NK cells could acquire these molecules in the LN during inflammation and then circulate through the efferent lymph into PB as KIRCD16 NK cells. (unime.it)
NK cells respond to tumor and virus-infected cells directly through several activation receptors, including natural cytotoxicity receptors, or indirectly through the activating Fc receptor CD16 for antibody-coated cells. (nih.gov)
FcRγ-deficient NK cells displayed dramatically reduced expression of the natural cytotoxicity receptors NKp46 and NKp30 but still expressed substantial levels of CD16. (nih.gov)
Unexpectedly, however, FcRγ-deficient NK cells exhibited significantly more robust responsiveness upon stimulation through CD16, particularly for cytokine production, compared to FcRγ-expressing NK cells. (nih.gov)
While the percentages of CD56 (dim) cells and their CD16 expression were lower in the chronic group, this was not statistically significant. (who.int)
Si le pourcentage des cellules CD56 (dim) et de leur expression de CD16 était inférieur dans le groupe de patients infectés chroniquement, la différence n'était pas statistiquement significative. (who.int)
Studies sug- terized by flow cytometry using anti between the immune response and the gest that HCV inhibits receptor genes in CD3, CD56 and CD16 monoclonal virus replication rate [5] and play a cru- the activation of NK cells [20], and the antibodies. (who.int)
We also found that viable NK reg cells may be isolated by sorting on CD56 + and CD16 - NK cells, and this population can suppress allogeneic CD4 + T cells, but not T reg cells or CD8+ T cells through a non-cytolytic, cell-cell contact dependent mechanism. (haematologica.org)
Moreover, this is the first paper to clearly establish that a CD56 bright CD3 - CD16 - perforin- NK reg population associates with a lack of cGvHD and has several unique characteristics, including the suppression of helper T-cell function in vitro. (haematologica.org)
ABCC3 Expressed by CD56 dim CD16 + NK Cells Predicts Response in Glioblastoma Patients Treated with Combined Chemotherapy and Dendritic Cell Immunotherapy. (bvsalud.org)
In a fraction of these patients, an aberrant and hyporesponsive CD56 − CD16 + p75/AIRM1 − NK-cell subset (mostly KIR + NKG2A − ) reminiscent of that described in patients with viremic HIV was detected. (ashpublications.org)
E ) Proportions of CD56 bright CD16 - , CD56 dim CD16 + , and intermediate non-CD56 bright/dim NK cells. (jci.org)
H and I ) Proportions of granzyme and perforin expression in ( H ) CD56 dim CD16 + or ( I ) CD56 bright CD16 - NK cells. (jci.org)
Results The ratio of absolute count for NK cells (defined by CD16 + CD56 + ) at C2D8/C1D8 was identified as a potential predictive marker of response in all groups. (bmj.com)
The largest proportion of NK cells at C1D8 and C2D8 were CD56 dim CD16 bright cytotoxic phenotype. (bmj.com)
Addition of DEP further reduced CD16 expression in pI:C stimulated cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Based on effector function, NK cells are divided into two major subsets: more cytotoxic NK cells (CD56 dim CD16 + ) and more cytokine-secreting NK cells (CD56 bright CD16 dim/- ) [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The 'disease severity network' pointed to attenuated inflammation and an "exhaustion"-like gene expression state in CD56 dim CD16 hi NK cells as a primary positive correlate of disease severity. (covidreference.com)
In the current study it is shown that this NKp46 high phenotype was correlated with an increased expression of CD16 and CD27 compared to the CD8α + NKp46 - and NKp46 + NK-cell subsets in spleen and blood. (biomedcentral.com)

Human NK cells can be divided into CD56dimCD16 killer Ig-like receptors (KIR)/ and CD56brightCD16 KIR subsets that have been characterized extensively regarding their different functions, phenotype, and tissue localization. (unime.it)
NK cells contribute to early defenses against viruses through their inborn abilities that include sensing of PAMPs and inflammatory signals such as cytokines or chemokines, recognition, and killing of infected cells through activating surface receptors engagement. (frontiersin.org)
Triggering of NK-cell effector functions through these receptors depends on physically associated transmembrane signaling adaptors, such as FcRγ (also known as FcεRIγ) and CD3ζ, both of which have been traditionally believed to be expressed by all mature NK cells. (nih.gov)
Their function is regulated by the activation of a number of activating and inhibitory receptors that bind to specific ligands expressed on the surface of target cells. (frontiersin.org)
In particular, NK cells mediate their cytolytic function through the engagement of activating receptors, such as NKG2D, DNAM-1, NKp30, NKp46, and NKp44 ( 3 , 4 ), or following pro-inflammatory cytokine stimulation ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
KIR3DL2 (3DL2, p140, CD158k) is a type I transmembrane protein of the p70 family of killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR). (rndsystems.com)
Natural killer (NK)-cell function is finely regulated by an array of receptors transducing either inhibitory or activating signals. (ashpublications.org)
1-3 Among receptors negatively regulating NK-cell function, a crucial role is played by those interacting with MHC class I molecules. (ashpublications.org)
These receptors allow NK cells to spare autologous normal cells and to kill cells in which MHC class I expression is down-regulated (eg, by tumor transformation or viral infection) or cells expressing non-self MHC class I alleles unable to engage these receptors (eg, allogenic transplantation settings). (ashpublications.org)
Human NK cells also express on their cell surface non-MHC-specific inhibitory receptors, including p75/AIRM1 (siglec-7) that is expressed virtually by all NK cells. (ashpublications.org)
Preclinical studies have shown that resveratrol induces immunomodulatory effects, including the upregulation of NKG2D receptors on natural killer cells (NK) that it promotes the NKG2D-dependent killing of tumor cells [ 13 , 14 ] and the induction of regulatory T cells (Treg) in the colonic tissues of mice exposed to colonic inflammatory stress [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
Surface receptors such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and nuclear transcription factors attenuate T cell responses, where CTLA-4 competes with CD28 for binding to CD80/86, resulting in inhibitory downstream signalling [ 6 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Altogether our data propose a novel tumor escape-mechanism based on the modulation of chemokine receptors that play pivotal roles in NK cells bone marrow homing, egress, or recruitment into peripheral tissues. (unicatt.it)
Remarkably, sera of symptomatic patients contained significant higher levels of soluble ligands for NK activating receptors. (unige.it)
NK cells express a heterogeneous repertoire of chemoattractant receptors that are distinct for each cell subset, and thus differentially regulate the recruitment of each population to the tumor bed. (encyclopedia.pub)

Nonetheless, the developmental relationship between these two NK cell subsets remains controversial. (unime.it)
Our results confirm a potential role of NK cells and the different subsets in the pathogenesis of chronic HCV infection. (who.int)
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has impaired cellular immune response and circulating NK cells, NK subsets (in- the ability to establish chronic infection virus persistence [8]. (who.int)
KIR are expressed on CD56 dim NK cells and T cell subsets where they participate in identifying normal and abnormal cells and regulating effector functions of the innate immune system (1-4). (rndsystems.com)
However, limited information is currently available regarding the presence of Natural Killer (NF cell subsets within vessel plaque, and more in general, regarding their role in human atherosclerosis. (unige.it)
Functional analyses revealed that splenic NKp46 high NK cells produced much higher levels of Interferon-γ and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α upon stimulation with cytokines or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate/Ionomycin compared to the other two subsets. (biomedcentral.com)
A considerable number of phenotypically and functionally different NK-cell subsets have been identified up to date [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In the mouse likewise CD27 and CD11b (Mac-1) are used to dissect NK cells into functionally and developmentally different subsets [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Despite these hints on important functions of porcine NK cells in vivo, so far no investigations on the existence of functionally differing NK-cell subsets have been reported. (biomedcentral.com)
Nevertheless, a recent study from our group with newly developed monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the activating receptor NKp46 enabled a more comprehensive insight into the phenotype of porcine NK cells and putative subsets [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In contrast, NKp46 in the pig was shown to divide porcine CD3 - CD8α + NK cells into NKp46 - and NKp46 + subsets in blood and all organs tested [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
CD4+ T-cells and other lymphocyte subsets in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (cdc.gov)

During anti-HCMV responses, NK cells can reshape their receptor repertoire and function, through epigenetic remodeling, and acquire adaptive traits such as longevity and clonal expansion abilities. (frontiersin.org)
Characterization of human NK cells using the NK cell inhibitory receptor panel. (bdbiosciences.com)
Designer T and NK cells are a modality within immunotherapy that manipulates receptor-ligand interactions to enhance cells of the immune system to destroy cancer more effectively. (encyclopedia.pub)
Here, the peptide neoantigen on the DCs' MHC is presented to the awaiting CD4 + or CD8 + T cell receptor (TCR) complex. (encyclopedia.pub)
Subsequently, binding of the CD28 co-stimulatory receptor to the DCs' CD80/86 receptor fully activates the cytotoxic T cells which then migrate to infiltrate the tumour and kill the cells by locally releasing perforin and granzymes [ 2 ] [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
PD-1 is an immunoinhibitory receptor that stymies lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion when bound to its membrane-bound or secreted ligands, PD-L1 or PD-L2, expressed by both immune and tumour cells [ 7 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
In addition, activated T cells can express an inducible co-stimulator (iCOS), a surface receptor that is structurally and functionally similar to CD28 and enhances expression of Th2-related interleukin (IL)-10 rather than immune activating IL-2 [ 8 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
In this study, we show that neuroblastoma (NB) cell conditioning affects the chemokine receptor repertoire of human resting NK cells. (unicatt.it)
The phenomenon was dependent on the release by NB cells of TGF-beta 1, and rTGF-beta 1 induced a chemokine receptor repertoire identical to that of NB-conditioned NK cells. (unicatt.it)
Notably, a similar receptor modulation was observed in rTGF-beta 2-conditioned NK cells. (unicatt.it)
NKG2D is an activating NK cell surface receptor that recognizes ligands, such as MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence (MIC) A and B and UL16-binding proteins (ULPBs), displayed on the surfaces of stressed cells, thereby preventing non-specific killing by bringing NK cells into close proximity with their targets [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Analysis of the expression of NK activating receptor ligands (including MICA/B, ULBP-3, and B7-H6) in atherosclerotic carotid plaques revealed that they were abundantly expressed by a HLA-DR(+)CD11c(+) myeloid cell population resident in the plaques. (unige.it)
CD56 bright NK cells are known to express CCR2, CCR5, CCR7, and CXCR3, while CD56 dim NK cells specifically express CXCR1, CXCR2, CX3CR1, S1P 5 , and Chemerin Receptor 23 (ChemR23) [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Additionally NKp46 high NK cells expressed elevated levels of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 on mRNA level. (biomedcentral.com)
T-cell numbers were derived from three measurements deter- attributable to the decrease in the number of T cells that bear mined with two different instruments, a hematology analyzer the CD4 receptor ( 5-9 ). (cdc.gov)

However, we have identified a distinct subset of human NK cells that are deficient for FcRγ expression but express normal levels of CD3ζ. (nih.gov)
Thus, our study reveals FcRγ-deficient NK cells as a novel subset of human NK cells that have remarkably potent responses toward antibody-coated targets. (nih.gov)
Natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in early immunity after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation because they are the first lymphocyte subset recovering after the allograft. (ashpublications.org)
In particular, NB cells upregulated the expression of CXCR4 and CXCR3 in all NK cells and downregulated CX(3)CR1 in the CD56(dim) subset. (unicatt.it)
Furthermore, cross-linking of NKp46 by NKp46-specific mAbs led to a superior CD107a expression in the NKp46 high NK cells, thus indicating a higher cytolytic capacity of this subset. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore porcine splenic NKp46 high NK cells represent a highly activated subset of NK cells and may play a profound role in the immune surveillance of this organ. (biomedcentral.com)
CD3 - CD8α + NKp46 - NK cells show phenotypic and functional properties of NK cells although they produce reduced levels of IFN-γ compared to the NKp46 + subset after in vitro stimulation. (biomedcentral.com)

CXCR3 expression on the surface of NK cells promotes chemotaxis to sites of infection through the release of IP-10 by other cells including epithelial cells [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In contrast, knockdown of BRD4 but not of BRD2 impairs NK cell cytolytic responses, suggesting BRD4 as critical regulator of NK cell mediated tumor cell elimination. (frontiersin.org)
Unfortunately, exposure to tumor cells and to the components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) impairs NK-cell effector functions and makes them dysfunctional. (encyclopedia.pub)

We report that, upon cytokine activation, peripheral blood (PB)-CD56bright NK cells mainly gain the signature of CD56dim NK cells. (unime.it)
Compared to FcRγ-expressing NK cells, FcRγ-deficient NK cells showed poor direct reactivity toward tumor targets as measured by cytokine production and degranulation. (nih.gov)
Using a chemo-genetic approach, we identify BET bromodomain containing proteins BRD2 and BRD4 as central regulators of NK cell functions, including direct cytokine secretion, NK cell contact-dependent inflammatory cytokine secretion from monocytes as well as NK cell cytolytic functions. (frontiersin.org)
We show that both BRD2 and BRD4 control inflammatory cytokine production in NK cells isolated from healthy volunteers and from rheumatoid arthritis patients. (frontiersin.org)
Given the important role of both cytokine-mediated inflammatory microenvironment and cytolytic NK cell activities in immune-oncology therapies, our findings present a compelling argument for further clinical investigation. (frontiersin.org)
This immunosuppressive helper T cell phenotype can be further induced by the zinc-finger transcription factor GATA3, which regulates Th2 cytokine expression [ 9 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
NK cells were subsequently analyzed for changes in surface marker expression, cytokine production, gene expression changes, and cytotoxic function using flow cytometry, ELISA, qRT-PCR, and cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)

Indeed, in a group of patients, a relevant fraction of NK cells expressed a mature phenotype characterized by the KIR + NKG2A − signature 3-6 months after transplantation. (ashpublications.org)
In other patients, most NK cells maintained an immature phenotype even after 12 months. (ashpublications.org)
John Tsang, Can Liu and colleagues assessed the cell surface protein phenotype, transcriptome, and T cell clonality of peripheral immune cells of COVID-19 patients over time. (covidreference.com)
Soluble factors released by immune, tumor, and stromal cells, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, adenosine, and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), not only inhibit NK cell functionality, but they additionally determine their conversion toward a non-cytolytic phenotype. (encyclopedia.pub)
Phenotypical analyses with newly developed monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against porcine NKp46 recently revealed that in blood NKp46 - and NKp46 + cells with NK phenotype exist with comparable cytotoxic properties. (biomedcentral.com)
In spleen a third NKp46-defined population with NK phenotype was observed that was characterised by a low to negative CD8α and increased NKp46 expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, a third NK cell population with elevated NKp46 expression levels was identified in high frequencies in spleen and liver, pointing towards a special role of NK cells with this phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)

Various immune-suppressive cell populations appear to associate with suppression of cGvHD, including T reg cells, B reg cells, M2 macrophages, dendritic cells, and CD56 bright natural killer (NK) cells. (haematologica.org)
Interestingly, the presence of swollen DeltaccpA conidia led to higher activation of neutrophils and dendritic cells than was seen with wild-type conidia and caused significantly less damage to epithelial cells in vitro In addition, virulence was highly attenuated when cortisone-treated, immunosuppressed mice were infected with DeltaccpA conidia. (hki-jena.de)
As cells undergo oncogenesis, neoantigens are released and captured on major histocompatibility complex (MHC)/ human leukocyte antigen (HLA) of dendritic cells (DCs) that subsequently mature and migrate to central lymphoid organs. (encyclopedia.pub)

These cells secrete immune inhibitory growth factors and cytokines, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which is primarily produced by microglia, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs). (encyclopedia.pub)
An additional inhibitory mechanism exploited by the tumor microenvironment is represented by the imbalance in immune checkpoint molecules, responsible for NK cell exhausted status. (encyclopedia.pub)

Besides their role as cytotoxic cells through the production of perforin and granzymes, NK cells are potent producers of cytokines like Interferon (IFN)-γ and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α [ 3 ] and thus play important roles in immunomodulation and the defence against viral, parasitic and bacterial pathogens [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Moreover, NK cells are poised to release cytokines such as IFN- γ , TNF-α and growth factors that can initiate inflammatory responses mediated by both the innate and the adaptive arm of the immune system. (frontiersin.org)
Resveratrol was safe and well tolerated and was associated with significant increases in the numbers of circulating γδ T cells and regulatory T cells and resulted in small, yet significant, decreases in the plasma levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF- α and MCP-1 and a significant increase in the plasma antioxidant activity compared with the corresponding antioxidant baseline activity and with that in four control individuals. (hindawi.com)
Their two main functions are direct cell-mediated cytotoxicity and the release of cytokines. (biomedcentral.com)
Dysfunctional NK cells are defined by a limited release of effector cytokines and a decreased ability to kill malignant cells. (encyclopedia.pub)
Trained immunity of natural killer (NK) cells has shown great potential in the treatment of cancers by eliciting enhanced effector responses to restimulation by cytokines or cancer cells for long time periods after preactivation. (cancerbiomed.org)

Similarly, cell-mediated cytotoxicity was significantly reduced by the addition of DEP. (biomedcentral.com)
Nowadays, we are conscious that NK cells are key in anti-tumor immunity, given their potent cytotoxicity against cancer cells. (encyclopedia.pub)

Our data indicate that, also in this transplantation setting, NK cells are the first lymphoid population detectable in peripheral blood. (ashpublications.org)
NK cells were isolated from peripheral blood obtained from normal healthy volunteers and subsequently stimulated with the viral mimetic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (pI:C), DEP, or pI:C+DEP for 18 hours. (biomedcentral.com)

Stimulation of NK cells with pI:C and pI:C+DEP, but not DEP alone, increased the release of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IFN-γ and TNF-α. (biomedcentral.com)

Natural killer cells are cytolytic lymphocytes belonging to the innate immune system and are involved in anti-viral and anti-tumor responses ( 1 ) and are recognized as major players in immune-mediated anti-tumor therapies ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Indeed, hypoxia, low pH, glucose deprivation, and lactate accumulation could determine both the inhibition of NK cell cytolytic activity and NK cell apoptosis. (encyclopedia.pub)

of various populations of NKR+ T cells whole blood were withdrawn from Natural killer (NK) cells are potent have been reported to be impaired in each participant on ethylenediamine- antiviral cells which eliminate the vi- chronic hepatitis C patients [16,21]. (who.int)

The CMV-induced generation of highly differentiated adaptive-like NK cells has been proposed to affect favorably on the maintenance of remission in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). (aacrjournals.org)
Consequently, adoptive transfer of autologous or allogeneic NK cells represents a novel opportunity in cancer treatment that is under clinical investigation. (encyclopedia.pub)

Altogether, our results suggest that CD56brightCD16 KIR and CD56dimCD16KIR/ NK cells correspond to sequential steps of differentiation and support the hypothesis that secondary lymphoid organs can be sites of NK cell final maturation and self-tolerance acquisition during immune reaction. (unime.it)
A possible role for cytomegalovirus in the promotion of NK-cell development was suggested by the observation that a more rapid NK-cell maturation together with expansion of NKG2C + NK cells was confined to patients experiencing cytomegalovirus reactivation. (ashpublications.org)

The major mechanisms of recognition and effector responses employed by NK cells against Herpesviruses, related to their genomic organization will be addressed, including those allowing NK cells to generate memory-like responses. (frontiersin.org)

Patient's own immune cells are isolated, genetically modified to improve responses against cancer cells, expanded, and subsequently reintroduced into the individual. (encyclopedia.pub)
Therapeutic approaches that take advantage of the anti-tumor activities of NK cells, such as the adoptive transfer of genetically modified NK cells and the modulation of checkpoint molecules, turned out to be promising immunotherapeutic strategies to eliminate cancer. (encyclopedia.pub)

We evaluated the distribution of NK cells in human carotid atherosclerotic plaques, dissecting asymptomatic and symptomatic patients (identified as affected by stroke, transient ischemic attack, or amaurosis fugax within 6 months) with the aim of shedding light on the putative contribution of NK cells to the pathogenic process that leads to plaque instability and subsequent clinical complications. (unige.it)

Additionally, NK reg cells do not kill leukemic cells. (haematologica.org)

The percentage of CD56(bright) cells was significantly higher than the control group ( P = 0.04). (who.int)
Le pourcentage des cellules CD56 (bright) était significativement supérieur ( P = 0,04) à celui du groupe témoin. (who.int)
In large patient populations, we have shown a CD56 bright natural killer (NK) population to strongly associate with a lack of cGvHD and we hypothesize that these cells function to suppress cGvHD. (haematologica.org)
Transcriptome analysis of a small patient cohort of CD56 bright compared to CD56 dim NK cells found the NK reg cells to also overexpress Granzyme K, IL-7R, GPR183, RANK, GM-CSFR, TCF7, and IL23A. (haematologica.org)
We observed that carotid plaques were consistently infiltrated by NK cells and, among them, CD56(bright)perforin(low) NK cells were abundantly present and displayed different markers of tissue residency (i.e. (unige.it)
Interestingly, carotid atherosclerotic plaques of symptomatic patients showed a higher content of NK cells and an increased ratio between CD56(bright)perforin(low) NK cells and their CD56(dim)perforin(high)counterpart. (unige.it)
Our observations indicate that CD56(bright)( )NK cells accumulate within human atherosclerotic lesions and suggest a possible contribution of NK cells to the process determining plaque instability. (unige.it)

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that play a pivotal role in the immune surveillance and elimination of transformed or virally infected cells. (frontiersin.org)
ABSTRACT Natural kil er (NK) cel s are key players in the immune response to viruses. (who.int)
Natural killer (NK) cells are an important lymphocyte population in the nasal mucosa and play important roles in linking the innate and the adaptive immune response. (biomedcentral.com)
Natural Killer Cells in Cancer: Mechanisms of Dysfunction" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/45851 (accessed November 29, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
Natural killer cells (NK) are innate lymphocytes endowed with the ability to recognize and kill cancer cells. (encyclopedia.pub)
Natural killer cells were first described in the late 1960s as cells capable of killing cancer cells without restriction by HLA molecules [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Mechanisms of Natural Killer (NK) cell dysfunction within the tumor microenvironment. (encyclopedia.pub)
Natural Killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in the early phase of immune responses against various pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)

Remarkably, KIR can be induced not only on CD56bright, but also on CD56dim KIR NK cells, and their expression correlates with lower proliferative response. (unime.it)

Upon infection many viruses, including Herpesviruses, target T cell function via specific interactions with TCR and HLA-I molecules. (frontiersin.org)

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is reported to promote NK cell differentiation and education. (aacrjournals.org)
The impact of CMV infection and adaptive-like NK cells on relapse and survival of patients with AML not receiving allo-SCT remains unknown. (aacrjournals.org)
et 20 témoins en bonne santé ne présentant pas d'infection par le virus de l'hépatite C. Une réduction importante de la fréquence des cellules tueuses naturelles totales dans le groupe des patients porteurs d'une infection chronique a été observée par rapport au groupe des témoins ( P = 0,001) ou au groupe des patients dont l'infection a connu une résolution spontanée ( P = 0,01). (who.int)
The elimination or persistence (NKRs) and mediate functions of both cells and CD56+NT cells was charac- of the infection depends on a balance T cells and NK cells [13]. (who.int)
Our data support the concept that cytomegalovirus infection may drive NK-cell development after umbilical CB transplantation. (ashpublications.org)

FcRγ-deficient NK cells were readily detectable in about one-third of the healthy individuals examined. (nih.gov)
CcpA-specific memory T cell responses were detectable in healthy human donors naturally exposed to A. fumigatus conidia, suggesting a role for CcpA as a structural protein impacting conidial immunogenicity rather than possessing a protein-intrinsic immunosuppressive effect. (hki-jena.de)

Their fundamental role in anti-viral responses has been unveiled in patients with NK cell deficiencies suffering from severe Herpesvirus infections. (frontiersin.org)
In order to study the possible role over Ficoll-Hypaque (density 1.077 production, and are the key players in that NK cells might play in the patho- g/L) (Amersham Biosciences) and immune responses to viruses [7]. (who.int)
The T cells also effectively terminate their activation and proliferation as a means of avoiding autoimmunity, resulting in different phenotypes that either further activate Th1 immune responses or suppress via Th2-driven responses. (encyclopedia.pub)
Protein conjugated pneumococcal vaccine elicit antibody responses that are T-cell dependent. (medscape.com)

However, cancer renders NK cells dysfunctional, thus restraining the efficacy of cell-based therapies. (encyclopedia.pub)

The CDC guidelines concerning CD4+ T-cell determinations (33) were first published in the MMWR in 1992 to provide laboratorians with the most complete information about how to measure CD4+ T-lymphocytes in blood from HIV-infected persons by using flow cytometry. (cdc.gov)

Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of human NK cells developing after umbilical cord blood transplantation: a role for human cytomegalovirus? (ashpublications.org)
however, little is known about the in vivo effects of this naturally occurring polyphenol on human immune cells. (hindawi.com)
These findings demonstrate that resveratrol has some clear biological effects on human circulating immune cells. (hindawi.com)
Resveratrol is the most extensively studied stilbene, and preclinical studies have revealed that this compound has several biological effects including, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects against human cancer cell lines derived from various tumor types [ 1 , 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
However, the human NK cells responsible for the generation and maintenance of trained immunity are largely unknown. (cancerbiomed.org)
Accurate and reliable measures of CD4+ T-lymphocytes (CD4+ T-cells) are essential to the assessment of the immune system of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons (1-3). (cdc.gov)

The recruitment and infiltration of NK cells within the tumor site are inhibited by the alteration of extracellular matrix stiffness as well as by the imbalanced presence of chemokines. (encyclopedia.pub)

These lymphocytes successfully eliminate the genetically unstable tumour cells with intrinsically high immunogenicity [ 4 ] through a series of successive stages [ 5 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
A wide array of immune cells, including lymphocytes, is known to be present and to play a pathogenetic role in atherosclerotic lesions. (unige.it)
and the percentage of lymphocytes that are CD4+ T-cells. (cdc.gov)

Therefore, in this study we focused on functional and phenotypical properties of CD8α dim/- NKp46 high NK-cells in the spleen. (biomedcentral.com)

2 cGvHD is a multisystemic disorder that occurs due to foreign donor immune cells attacking the recipient's tissues. (haematologica.org)
We assessed the effects of repeated doses of resveratrol (1000 mg/day for 28 days) on circulating immune cells in healthy Japanese individuals. (hindawi.com)
Thus, the current study evaluated the effects of repeated oral doses of resveratrol on circulating immune cells in healthy individuals. (hindawi.com)
Our data revealed that resveratrol induced measurable changes in circulating immune cells in humans and showed considerable antioxidant activities and other biological effects in humans in vivo. (hindawi.com)
The rapidly growing tumour alters the balance of interaction between cancer and immune cells, by outstripping its metabolic resources and shifting to glycolysis [ 15 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

NK and CD4 + T cells from patients with spondylarthritides show increased KIR3DL2 + expression and may play a role in disease pathology (10). (rndsystems.com)
A ) CD3 - CD56 + NK cell activation by HLA-DR expression. (jci.org)

Following activation, NK cells mediate killing of target cells through two major pathways that require direct contact between NK cells and their target cells ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)

The specific environmental conditions that mark the tumor site are responsible for NK cell exhaustion and dysfunction. (encyclopedia.pub)

They revealed a network of cell type specific signatures linked to disease severity, dissected timing effects, and uncovered a late period during which the host immune response undergoes a striking divergence in patients with distinct disease severity and outcomes. (covidreference.com)

Chronic graft- versus -host disease (cGvHD) is a major cause of morbidity after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). (haematologica.org)
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an important therapeutic option for patients with non-malignant diseases as well as high-risk and refractory hematopoietic malignancies. (haematologica.org)

The frequency of CD3+CD56- T cells was significantly lower in both the chronic and resolved groups compared to the control group ( P = 0.04). (who.int)
In in vitro studies, resveratrol significantly improved the growth of γδ T cells and regulatory T cells. (hindawi.com)

Finally, the analysis of NK cells from patients with stage 4 NB suggests that NB conditioning could exert in vivo an immune modulatory effect resembling that emerged from in vitro experiments. (unicatt.it)

This reduction in the potential ability of NK cells to kill virus-infected host cells may increase the susceptibility to viral infections after DEP exposure. (biomedcentral.com)

We aimed to isolate and define the characteristics of regulatory NK (NK reg ) cells associated with suppression of cGvHD. (haematologica.org)
Due to this molecular design, nemvaleukin treatment leads to preferential expansion of antitumor CD8 + T and NK cells, with minimal expansion of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (T regs ). (bmj.com)

Anatomy17

Organisms6

Chemicals and Drugs83

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment11

Phenomena and Processes13

CD1619

Receptors15

Subsets12

Receptor15

Subset7

CXCR31

Impairs NK cell2

Cytokine7

Phenotype7

Dendritic cells3

Inhibitory2

Perforin and granzymes1

Cytokines5

Cytotoxicity2

Peripheral2

Stimulation1

Cytolytic2

Potent1

Allogeneic2

Maturation2

Effector responses1

Genetically modified2

Putative1

Additionally1

Bright7

Natural8

Remarkably1

Molecules1

Infection5

Detectable2

Responses4

Renders1

Flow cytometry1

Human6

Infiltration1

Lymphocytes3

NKp461

Immune cells5

Expression2

Mediate1

Exhaustion1

Outcomes1

Hematopoietic stem cell trans2

Significantly2

Vitro1

Virus-infected1

Regulatory2