• Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion . (wikidoc.org)
  • Due to the previous development of vaccine candidates against the related highly pathogenic coronaviruses SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, the antigen that elicits immune protection is known: the surface spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 or specific domains encoded in that protein, e.g., the receptor binding domain. (bvsalud.org)
  • The protein has no known natural ligand [4] and its function is to enable optimal B-cell immune response, specifically against T-independent antigens. (wikidoc.org)
  • However all the cell lines established so far were grown in medium containing at least 10% serum, and it has been shown that primary cell lines cultured under these conditions lose their ability to differentiate, acquire gene expression profiles that differ from that of tissue specific stem cells or the primary tumor they derive from, and in some cases are neither clonogenic nor tumorigenic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In melanocytic cells Glycophorin C gene expression may be regulated by MITF . (wikidoc.org)
  • By the genetic recombination the viruses were conferred with high specificity against tumor cells without targeting normal tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hammarstrom S. The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family: structures, suggested functions and expression in normal and malignant tissues. (wikidoc.org)
  • Members of this nascent protein family are characterized by common structural features and similar intron / exon splice boundaries and display unique expression patterns among hematopoietic cells and nonlymphoid tissues. (wikidoc.org)
  • With increasingly high therapeutic efficacy being achieved recent years and owing to the unique features such as specific tumor tropism, low cytotoxicity against normal cells, OVT has been inviting a great attention as an ideal weapon against cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Graves' Disease results from the production of autoantibodies against receptors for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) on thyroid epithelial cells, and represents the prototype for numerous autoimmune diseases caused by autoantibodies that bind to organ-specific cell membrane antigens. (silverchair.com)
  • 353:765-769), selective expression of mHEL autoantigen on thyroid cells did not trigger elimination or inactivation of circulating HEL-reactive B cells. (silverchair.com)
  • The role of an intact endothelial barrier in sequestering organ-specific antigens from circulating preimmune B cells is discussed. (silverchair.com)
  • B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 or CD20 is an activated- glycosylated phosphoprotein expressed on the surface of all B-cells beginning at the pro-B phase ( CD45 R+, CD117 +) and progressively increasing in concentration until maturity. (wikidoc.org)
  • The primary cell cultures, obtained from four human pleural mesotheliomas, were expanded in vitro in a low serum proliferation-permissive medium and the expression of different markers as well as the tumorigenicity in immunodeficient mice was evaluated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Demonstration of tumor-specific antigens in human colonic carcinomata by immunological tolerance and absorption techniques. (wikidoc.org)
  • Our cell cultures were strongly positive for CD46, CD47, CD56 and CD63 and were also strongly positive for some markers never described before in mesothelioma cell lines, including CD55, CD90 and CD99. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By real time PCR we found that our cell lines expressed high mRNA levels of typical mesothelioma markers as mesothelin (MSLN) and calretinin (CALB2), and of BMI-1, a stemness marker, and DKK1, a potent Wingless [WNT] inhibitor. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the non erythroid cell lines, expression is lower than in the erythrocyte and the protein is differentially glycosylated . (wikidoc.org)
  • [3] It was found that serum from individuals with colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, lung and breast carcinomas had higher levels of CEA than healthy individuals. (wikidoc.org)
  • 11. Expression of complement membrane regulators membrane cofactor protein (CD46), decay accelerating factor (CD55), and protectin (CD59) in human malignant gliomas. (nih.gov)
  • The classical pathway is activated by an antibody binding to a target antigen, forming a complex. (aacc.org)
  • 3. Human glioma-mesenchymal extracellular matrix antigen defined by monoclonal antibody. (nih.gov)
  • This Antibody was verified by Knockdown to ensure that the antibody binds to the antigen stated. (thermofisher.com)
  • Recognition of antigen-antibody complexes by C1q initiates the 'classical pathway' . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The classical pathway for complement activation is initiated by the binding of the recognition molecule C1q to pathogen antigens, C-reactive protein bound to bacterial polysaccharides or antigen-antibody complexes [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is of interest to note in this context that pathogen opsonisation and antibody ligation by C1q also provide a bridge to activation of the adaptive immune system, which includes an enhancement of antigen retention in lymphoid tissues, a decrease in the B cell activation threshold and increased memory B cell survival [ 22 - 24 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Individuals without K antigens(K 0 ) who have formed an antibody to a K antigen, must be transfused with blood from donors who are also K 0 to prevent hemolysis. (wikidoc.org)
  • Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) occurs when the body produces an antibody against a blood group antigen on its own red blood cells. (wikidoc.org)
  • 19. Downregulation of major histocompatibility complex antigens in invading glioma cells: stealth invasion of the brain. (nih.gov)
  • We found that ERK1/2 is involved in both TNF-α- and IFN-γ-induced CD55 downregulation. (oncotarget.com)
  • Using EL4 cell-derived transfectants with differential expression levels of exogenous human CC chemokine receptor 4 or human CD20 as target cells, ADCC of fucose variants of chimeric IgG1 antibodies specific for these antigens were measured. (aacrjournals.org)
  • T cell-targeted immunomodulators such as monoclonal antibodies against PD-1 or CTLA-4 are used in combination with T cells engineered with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) (CAR-T cells) against several malignancies in clinical trials. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • An introduction to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy for human cancer. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The quantitative analysis revealed that fucose depletion could reduce the antigen amount on target cells required for constant degrees of ADCC induction by 10-fold for CC chemokine receptor 4 and 3-fold for CD20. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Interestingly, CD55 depletion in HaCaT human keratinocytes enhanced autoantibody-mediated complement activation. (oncotarget.com)
  • CD40 is a transmembrane protein belonging to the TNF-α superfamily, normally expressed in the resting cell types, with the highest levels of expression found in B cells and dendritic cells (DCs). (medscape.com)
  • Moreover, complement activation was blocked by exogenous recombinant CD55 protein in both skin sections and keratinocytes exposed to pathogenic antibodies from patients with bullous pemphigoid. (oncotarget.com)
  • [1] [2] The Kell antigens are peptides found within the Kell protein , a 93- kilodalton transmembrane zinc -dependent endopeptidase which is responsible for cleaving endothelin-3 . (wikidoc.org)
  • The Kell glycoprotein links via a single disulfide bond to the XK membrane protein [6] that carries the Kx antigen . (wikidoc.org)
  • Absence of the XK protein (such as through genetic deletion or through a single point mutation within the coding region of the XK gene [8] ), leads to marked reduction of the Kell antigens on the red blood cell surface. (wikidoc.org)
  • In this report, we investigated the relationship between enhanced ADCC and antigen density on target cells using IgG1 antibodies with reduced fucose. (aacrjournals.org)
  • 17. Human glioma-associated antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies. (nih.gov)
  • Complement component 1q (C1q) is the recognition molecule of the classical pathway of the complement system that can bind to an array of closely spaced antigen-bound immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies. (explorationpub.com)
  • Individuals lacking a specific Kell antigen may develop antibodies against Kell antigens when transfused with blood containing that antigen. (wikidoc.org)
  • Both AIHA and HDN may be severe when caused by anti-Kell antibodies, [10] as they are the most immunogenic antigens after those of the ABO and Rhesus blood group systems . (wikidoc.org)
  • demonstrated that immunotherapy using either a plasmid DNA encoding mycobacterial 85A antigen or interleukin-12 (IL-12) DNA vaccine combined with conventional chemotherapy was highly effective for the prevention AZD6738 supplier of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) reactivation and reinfection in mice [9]. (erksignal.com)
  • [ 7 ] Although it is conceivable that rituximab may be useful for some carefully selected MM patients, such as t(11;14) translocation patients, who exhibit relatively high CD20 expression, it is unlikely to be of value for the majority of cases. (medscape.com)
  • This is particularly true for the "K" antigen which shows a relatively high antigenicity and moderately low frequency (~9%) in Caucasian populations. (wikidoc.org)
  • A wide range of antigens may ultimately be targeted in MM therapy, including those involved in cell survival, antiapoptotic pathways, cell-to-cell communication, angiogenesis, and interactions between MM cells and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and/or other cells in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. (medscape.com)
  • As a crucial regulator of the complement system, CD55 has been widely studied in autoimmune diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Bullous pemphigoid is the most common autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease and is characterized by the production of autoantibodies that directly target the bullous pemphigoid antigen 180 (BP180 or COL17A1) within the dermoepidermal junction (DEJ) [ 1 , 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • The Kell antigen system (also known as Kell-Cellano system ) is a group of antigens on the human red blood cell surface which are important determinants of blood type and are targets for autoimmune or alloimmune diseases which destroy red blood cells. (wikidoc.org)
  • Kell antigens are important in transfusion medicine , autoimmune hemolytic anemia and hemolytic disease of the newborn (anti-Kell) . (wikidoc.org)
  • Results were consistent in several cell lines expressing different levels of CD40 antigen, as well as in patient-derived primary tumors. (medscape.com)
  • 16. Antigen variation in a human glioblastoma: from the primary tumor to the second recurrence, permanent cell line and xenotransplantation tumors. (nih.gov)
  • 6 According to the 2018 GLOBOCAN study, tumors with the highest mortality rates (e.g., lung, stomach, liver, breast, colorectal cancers) are usually highly heterogeneous and exhibit different extents of stem cell activities. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Here, we investigated the involvement of CD55 in bullous pemphigoid, as little is known regarding its role in this disease. (oncotarget.com)
  • Moreover, while we can exclude that CSC-induced reduction in splenic GR expression is sufficient to induce functional GC resistance, the role of MIF in CD11b+ cell-mediated splenomegaly and GC resistance requires further investigation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Low-fucose IgG1s showed potent ADCC at low antigen densities at which their corresponding high-fucose counterparts could not induce measurable ADCC. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Finally, the use of rituximab for MM may induce a selective loss of CD20 expression. (medscape.com)
  • This ready-to-use, pre-coupled magnetic beads are in uniform particle size and narrow size distribution with large surface area, which is conducive to convenient and fast capture target molecules with high specificity and achieve magnetic separation. (creativebiomart.net)
  • To understand the influence of demographical, clinical, laboratory, pathogenetic and treatment features on the diabetes transcript profiling, we performed an analysis integrating these features with the gene expression profiles of the annotated genes included in databases containing information regarding GWAS and immune cell expression signatures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a powerful analysis tool to reveal the gene expression state in a single cell. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Higher rates of infection for formed in 1993 and they also failed for unknown both retroviruses and herpesviruses are found in cap- reasons. (who.int)
  • 10. Cellular differentiation and expression of matrix genes in type 1 neurofibromatosis. (nih.gov)
  • 6. Cellular antitumor immune response to a branched lysine multiple antigenic peptide containing epitopes of a common tumor-specific antigen in a rat glioma model. (nih.gov)
  • McLeod phenotype (or McLeod syndrome) is an X-linked anomaly of the Kell blood group system in which Kell antigens are poorly detected by laboratory tests. (wikidoc.org)
  • While mild forms of CSC-induced GC resistance, increased splenic CD11b expression and/or splenomegaly were detectable on days 8 and 9 of CSC, more severe forms took until days 15 and 16 to develop, but normalized almost completely within 30 days following stressor termination (day 51). (bvsalud.org)
  • While MIF expression was increased on days 15 and 16 of CSC, it was decreased in CSC versus SHC mice on day 20 despite persisting splenomegaly, increased CD11b expression and functional GC resistance. (bvsalud.org)
  • The XK appears to be required for proper synthesis or presentation of the Kell antigens on the red blood cell surface. (wikidoc.org)
  • 12. Role of high molecular weight extracellular matrix proteins in glioma cell migration. (nih.gov)
  • In contrast, splenic GR expression was decreased in CSC versus single-housed control (SHC) mice at all days assessed. (bvsalud.org)