Causes obstructive sleep apnea. Medical search. Frequent questions

The terms obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) or obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) may be used to refer to OSA when it is associated with symptoms during the daytime (e.g. excessive daytime sleepiness, decreased cognitive function). (wikipedia.org)
When hypopneas are present alongside apneas, the term obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea is used and when it is associated with daytime sleepiness and other daytime symptoms, it is called obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
Common symptoms of OSA syndrome include unexplained daytime sleepiness, restless sleep, and loud snoring (with periods of silence followed by gasps). (wikipedia.org)
Temporary spells of OSA syndrome may also occur in people who are under the influence of a drug (such as alcohol) that may relax their body tone excessively and interfere with normal arousal from sleep mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
de Lima FF, Mazzotti DR, Tufik S, Bittencourt L. The role inflammatory response genes in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a review. (medlineplus.gov)
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is OSA with more than 5 events per hour that has also some effect on either daytime function or symptoms. (medscape.com)
Other consequences of OSA that would then qualify for sleep apnea syndrome include refractory hypertension , depression, and fatigue. (medscape.com)
From 3 percent to 12 percent of children snore, while obstructive sleep apnea syndrome affects 1 percent to 10 percent of children. (aafp.org)
Sleep-disordered breathing refers to a pathophysiologic continuum that includes snoring, upper airway resistance syndrome, obstructive hypopnea syndrome, and OSA. (aafp.org)
Snoring, a symptom which may indicate the presence of the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSA), is also common in the general population. (researchgate.net)
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) is characterized by the upper airway instability during sleep, reduction or elimination of airflow (hence oxygen desaturation), periodic arousals (hence sleep disruption), and daytime hypersomnolence. (hindawi.com)
Sleep disturbances and hypoxemia contribute to excessive daytime sleepiness-a common symptom of the syndrome. (hindawi.com)
Based on previous studies, 57% of stroke patients suffer from obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in rehabilitation units ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Ribeiro DK, Pinto JA, Kohler R, Sobreira Nunes HDS, da Silva Cavallini AF (2018) Evaluation of multiple surgeries as therapeutic options for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. (peertechzpublications.com)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is a chronic disease characterized by repeated airflow obstruction in the upper airway. (peertechzpublications.com)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) consists of a chronic disturbance, characterized by repeated episodes of collapse of the upper airways that lead to fragmented sleep. (peertechzpublications.com)
The most outstanding characteristic of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSA) is the partial (hypopnea) or total (apnea) obstruction of the upper airway that occurs repeatedly during sleep. (scirp.org)
Aging is associated with an increase in the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) as well as the shortening of telomeres. (oncotarget.com)
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep related breathing disorder which is characterized by repetitive episodes of respiratory pauses (apnea) or partial upper airway obstruction (hypopnea). (oncotarget.com)

Symptoms may be present for years or even decades without identification, during which time the person may become conditioned to the daytime sleepiness, headaches and fatigue associated with significant levels of sleep disturbance. (wikipedia.org)
Interrupted and poor quality sleep can lead to daytime sleepiness and fatigue, impaired attention and memory, headaches, depression , and sexual dysfunction. (medlineplus.gov)
Daytime sleepiness leads to a higher risk of motor vehicle accidents in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea. (medlineplus.gov)
Its effect on nocturnal sleep quality and ensuing daytime fatigue and sleepiness are widely acknowledged. (nih.gov)
Simple queries of the patient or bed-partner for the symptoms and signs of the disorder, namely, loud snoring, observed apneas, and daytime sleepiness, would help identify those in need of further diagnostic evaluation. (nih.gov)
Evidence from methodologically strong cohort studies indicates that undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea, with or without symptoms, is independently associated with increased likelihood of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, daytime sleepiness, motor vehicle accidents, and diminished quality of life. (nih.gov)
Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Functional Outcome of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ) measured subjective sleepiness. (cdc.gov)
Secondary outcomes included recovery of motor and neurocognitive function, personal activities of daily living assessment (ADL), sleep quality and sleepiness scale. (frontiersin.org)
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), is characterized by loud snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness. (neurologyindia.com)
Material and Methods: A pre-designed proforma with clinical details, symptom-specific questions for diagnosis of OSA, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was administered to 20 patients presenting to the Sleep Disorder Clinic of our hospital and to 40 age and sex-matched relatives (control group). (neurologyindia.com)
It is associated with a constellation of symptoms and objective findings which include loud snoring, motor restlessness, unrefreshing sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). (neurologyindia.com)
Studies conducted in different countries (considering a hypopnea and apnea index ≤ 5 plus daytime sleepiness report) indicate that the prevalence of the OSA goes from 2% to 10% in general population. (scirp.org)
It is known to disturb normal sleep architecture and cause intermittent hypoxia that is associated with daytime sleepiness, and increased incidence of cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric, and endocrinologic disorders. (researchsquare.com)
It is often associated with reduced blood oxygen saturation, snoring, sleep disruption and daytime sleepiness [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Benefits of CPAP include keeping your airways open while you sleep, easing snoring, improving sleep quality, relieving daytime sleepiness, and lowering blood pressure. (vastmedic.com)

The first landmark study regarding the prevalence of OSA was the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort study, which identified 24% of men and 9% of women who had an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of at least 5 events per hour. (medscape.com)
Population-based epidemiologic studies have uncovered the high prevalence and wide severity spectrum of undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea, and have consistently found that even mild obstructive sleep apnea is associated with significant morbidity. (nih.gov)
Strategies to decrease the high prevalence and associated morbidity of obstructive sleep apnea are critically needed. (nih.gov)
In WTC responders we hypothesized that chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) would be associated with increased prevalence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), mediated by elevated total nasal resistance (TNR). (cdc.gov)
The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration and the Federal Railroad Administration on Aug. 4 withdrew a March 10, 2016, advance notice of proposed rulemaking concerning the prevalence of moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea among individuals occupying safety sensitive positions in highway and rail transportation, and its potential consequences for the safety of highway and rail transportation. (cbia.com)
A chronic condition, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has a high prevalence in adults, [ 1 ] and the propensity for developing it depends on the complex interaction between anatomical and physiologic factors. (medscape.com)

This review focuses on obstructive sleep apnea, its epidemiology, treatment and impact on mortality and morbidity. (rgare.com)

Polysomnography (PSG) shows more than 5 scoreable respiratory events (eg, apneas, hypopneas, RERAs) per hour of sleep and/or evidence of respiratory effort during all or a portion of each respiratory event. (medscape.com)
All studies used sleep laboratory testing (polysomnography, or PSG) to diagnose OSA. (cbia.com)
Medicare currently covers the use of CPAP in beneficiaries who have been diagnosed with moderate to severe OSA when ordered and prescribed by a licensed treating physician and confirmed by polysomnography (PSG) performed in a sleep laboratory in accordance with § 240.4 of the Medicare NCD Manual. (cms.gov)
Overnight polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for the evaluation of sleep-related breathing disorders. (hindawi.com)
30 eligible patients (apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) 22±11 events·h −1 ) then completed standard in-laboratory polysomnography (baseline) and returned for two additional overnight sleep studies (nights 1 and 30) after receiving either nightly zopiclone (7.5 mg) or placebo during a 1-month, double-blind, randomised, parallel trial ( ANZCTR identifier ANZCTRN12613001106729). (ersjournals.com)
Though the gold standard for diagnosis is overnight polysomnography (PSG), sleep questionnaires have also been used to diagnose this with good predictive value. (neurologyindia.com)
Diagnosis is based on sleep history and polysomnography. (msdmanuals.com)
OSA should be diagnosed accurately based on history, physical examination, upper airway evaluation, for example, using imaging tests and drug-induced sleep endoscopy, and polysomnography [ 4 ]. (sleepmedres.org)

Obstructive sleep apnea is differentiated from central sleep apnea (CSA), which is characterized by episodes of reduction or cessation in breathing attributable to decreased effort, rather than upper airway obstruction. (wikipedia.org)
Central sleep apnea (CSA) is a disorder in which a person repeatedly stops breathing at night. (sleepfoundation.org)
Obstructive and central sleep apnea both affect your ability to sleep by making it difficult to breathe. (333dentalcare.com)

Symptoms include tossing and turning during sleep, snoring, daytime fatigue, and headaches upon waking. (sleepfoundation.org)
The diagnosis of OSA is made based upon a combination of an increased frequency of obstructive apnea events during sleep and daytime signs or symptoms of disturbed sleep. (freemedicalvideos.com)

Obstructive sleep apnea has been associated with neurocognitive morbidity and there is a link between snoring and neurocognitive disorders. (wikipedia.org)
In the third edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD-3), obstructive sleep apnea is classified amongst the sleep-related breathing disorders and is divided in two categories, namely adult OSA and pediatric OSA. (wikipedia.org)
Characteristics of OSA include snoring and sleep arousal, mood disorders, and increased body mass index (BMI). (medscape.com)
Another contributing factor is that there is a narrowed focus on sleep disorders during medical school and residency, which has led to a limited understanding of these conditions among many primary care clinicians. (medscape.com)
The subjects were 364 patients referredto a sleep disorders consultation service from an inpatientpsychiatric hospital. (psychiatrist.com)
His research and clinical practice focuses on the entire myriad of sleep disorders. (sleepfoundation.org)
OSA is the most common type of sleep-related breathing disorder , which is a group of sleep disorders marked by abnormal breathing during sleep. (sleepfoundation.org)
There are three other types of sleep-related breathing disorders in addition to obstructive sleep apnea, which differ from OSA in their causes and features. (sleepfoundation.org)
Dr. Blanc and colleagues conclude, "Pending more definitive data, clinicians should take into account occupational factors in considering sleep disorders and OSA, which carry significant associated costs from comorbidities and occupational disability. (cbia.com)
OSA has been diagnosed in previous studies using a sleep questionnaire designed to assess the specific symptoms associated with sleep-related breathing disorders with higher predictive ability, with additional data on body mass index (BMI). (neurologyindia.com)
Fifty-eight patients were evaluated in the Sleep Disorders Clinic, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, between January and December 2000. (neurologyindia.com)
Respiratory disorders during sleep have as a general characteristic the alteration of the respiratory cycle while sleeping. (scirp.org)
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is one of the most prevalent sleep disorders increasing the risk for cardiovascular diseases and other severe sequelae [ 1 - 3 ]. (ersjournals.com)
The science behind sleep-related breathing disorders has advanced. (medscape.com)
Rather than assuming that all OSA is related to an abnormal critical closing pressure (Pcrit), we now know that muscle tone, loop gain, and the RAT contribute to sleep-related breathing disorders. (medscape.com)
Among sleep disorders , obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) appears to be a potentially interesting comorbidity , as it is highly prevalent in the middle- aged and elderly population , often associated with some cognitive impairment , associated with an increased risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia including AD, and indeed treatable. (bvsalud.org)
Sleep disorders including sleep apnea are assessed by a single question located in the health history portion of the CDME form which is filled-out by the examinee. (cdc.gov)

In fact, in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study, it was estimated that 93% of women and 82% of men with moderate to severe OSA are undiagnosed. (medscape.com)
Highland Hospital is now the first hospital in the Rochester region to offer an implantable device called a hypoglossal nerve stimulator (Inspire ®) as a treatment for patients who suffer from moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea. (medworm.com)
adult population has a moderate to severe case of obstructive sleep apnea. (cdc.gov)
PAP is primarily recommended for the treatment of moderate-to-severe OSA [apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 15] [ 1 , 12 , 13 ]. (sleepmedres.org)
Moderate to severe OSA requires the use of a device that uses positive pressure to keep your airway open while you sleep (CPAP). (southcentraldentistry.com)

This is a case report of an 18-year-old male with a history of lymphoproliferative disease who presented to the otolaryngology head and neck surgery service with signs and symptoms of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). (imedpub.com)

See also Upper Airway Evaluation in Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Physiologic Approach in Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea . (medscape.com)

Most individuals with obstructive sleep apnea are unaware of disturbances in breathing while sleeping, even after awakening. (wikipedia.org)
Individuals with obstructive sleep apnea may experience interrupted sleep with frequent awakenings and loud snoring. (medlineplus.gov)

The pathogenesis of OSAS and its physiopathology are complex, and its primary aggression mechanism would depend on repetitive episodes of hypoxia during apnea events followed by Reoxygenation, causing inflammatory changes and atherosclerosis2. (peertechzpublications.com)
Thus, the present study aimed to compare the leukocyte telomere length (LTL) between OSAS patients and controls, as well as to verify the correlation between LTL and sleep parameters. (oncotarget.com)
OSAS is known to stimulate oxidative stress, inflammation, sympathetic nervous system activation and endothelial dysfunction due mainly to sleep fragmentation and intermittent hypoxia mechanisms [ 2 - 7 ]. (oncotarget.com)

There has been a progressive increase in the number of patients diagnosed with sleep apnea over the last decade. (medscape.com)
Patients who have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) generally have smaller upper airways than normal individuals. (medscape.com)
This study evaluated the riskfactors for obstructive sleep apnea in psychiatric patients. (psychiatrist.com)
Patients with schizophrenia were significantly heavierand had higher rates of sleep apnea than did other psychiatricpatients. (psychiatrist.com)
Obesity, male gender, and chronicneuroleptic administration are risk factors for obstructive sleepapnea in psychiatric patients. (psychiatrist.com)
Since patients with schizophreniaare often on long-term neuroleptic treatment, they may have highrates of obstructive sleep apnea, mediated via the weight gainproduced by such medications. (psychiatrist.com)
Overweight psychiatric patients andthose on chronic neuroleptic treatment (e.g., patients withschizophrenia) should be evaluated for sleep apnea if signs andsymptoms of this disorder are present. (psychiatrist.com)
Refer patients who screen positive for OSA symptoms for further evaluation such as a sleep study. (ihs.gov)
Seventeen male patients, 10 with OSA (apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) 26.2 events x h(-1)) and seven simple snorers (AHI 3.8 events x h(-1)), were studied. (researchgate.net)
In conclusion, this study demonstrates significant differences in the sound power spectrum of snoring sound between subjects with simple snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea patients. (researchgate.net)
More than half these patients (140/235) had an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of at least 20 and were randomized to an nCPAP group or a control group. (drbicuspid.com)
Although one concern is choosing the moment for starting nCPAP treatment given neurological deficits, including facial palsy, and impaired psychological status of stroke patients immediately after stroke," the authors conclude, "early use of nCPAP may prevent recurrent hypoxemia and cerebral flow fluctuations due to apnea that could damage the area of ischemic penumbra and, therefore, affect prognosis. (drbicuspid.com)
The treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with acute ischemic stroke may represent one such approach. (lu.se)
Ictal central apnoea can easily be overlooked and is likely more common than currently recognised in patients with epilepsy. (bmj.com)
Many pediatric patients continue to experience problems and symptoms such as hypersomnia and apnea after adenotonsillectomy and need CPAP/NIPPV treatment. (europeanreview.org)
The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in polysomnographic and cephalometric features according to positional and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep dependencies in obstructive sleep apnea patients. (researchsquare.com)
Positional and REM-related OSA patients showed significantly lower non-supine apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), non-REM (NREM) AHI and overall AHI and higher NREM oxygen saturation (SpO 2 ) and mean SpO 2 compared to non-positional and not-REM-related OSA patients, respectively. (researchsquare.com)
Positional and REM-related OSA patients have lower severity of sleep apnea, suggesting the possibility of lower collapsibility of the upper airway. (researchsquare.com)
5 Patients with OSA have been repeatedly reported to have more obstructive events in the supine position than in other non-supine positions, and not only the frequency but also the duration of apneas are influenced by body position as well. (researchsquare.com)
Positional OSA patients are defined as those who have a supine respiratory disturbance index (RDI) or apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) at least twice the value compared to that observed in non-supine sleeping positions. (researchsquare.com)
9 Positional therapy changing to the non-supine position during sleep can be a simple and effective measure in reducing AHI, but unsatisfactory for patients with non-positional OSA, emphasizing the need of further related investigations for accurate diagnosis. (researchsquare.com)
However, home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) may be an acceptable alternative for patients who are strongly suspected of having OSA and who do not have medical comorbidities (eg, heart failure) that require more detailed or additional sleep-related measures (sleep stage, arousals, leg and arm movements, seizure monitoring, etc). (freemedicalvideos.com)
In theory, then, these medications could be administered to patients with OSA and a low RAT to improve sleep continuity. (medscape.com)
The Sleep Wellness Center at Island Hospital in Anacortes, WA is a stand-alone state-of-the-art facility dedicated to helping both adult and pediatric patients get the sleep they need to improve their. (whidbeylocal.com)

The RDI is defined as the average number of respiratory disturbances (obstructive apneas, hypopneas, and respiratory event-related arousals [RERAs]) per hour. (medscape.com)
The simple definition of obstructive sleep apnea is collapse of the upper airways during sleep, resulting in airflow obstruction and repetitive arousals. (medscape.com)
Thus, OSA is defined as repetitive arousals from sleep from collapse of the upper airway. (medscape.com)
These nocturnal respiratory disturbances result in brief arousals from sleep (i.e., sleep fragmentation) that considerably disturb sleep architecture and may lead to a significant deprivation of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and stages 3 and 4 of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. (hindawi.com)
However, recent advances in understanding OSA pathogenesis indicate that frequent arousals destabilise sleep and breathing, and contribute to OSA [ 12 , 13 ]. (ersjournals.com)
The acute hemodynamic and autonomic perturbations that accompany obstructive apneas during sleep, with associated repeated arousals and intermittent hypoxemia, appear to result in sustained hypertension. (minervamedica.it)
In particular, the most outstanding characteristic of the OSA it's the partial (hypopnea) or total (apnea) obstruction of the upper airway that occurs repeatedly during sleep which frequently leads to a reduction of oxygen saturation in blood and culminates with brief arousals from sleep. (scirp.org)

These episodes are termed "apneas" with complete or near-complete cessation of breathing, or "hypopneas" when the reduction in breathing is partial. (wikipedia.org)
A high frequency of apneas or hypopneas during sleep may interfere with the quality of sleep, which - in combination with disturbances in blood oxygenation - is thought to contribute to negative consequences to health and quality of life. (wikipedia.org)
Apnea+Hypopneas with 4% desaturation (AHI4) and 1% desaturation/arousal surrogate (RDI) were obtained and OSA defined as AHI4 =5/hr or RDI =15/hr. (cdc.gov)

Recognition and diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea in older Americans. (msdmanuals.com)

Based on several large population-based studies, it is currently estimated that at least 1 in 5 American adults has at least mild sleep apnea and 1 in 15 have moderate or severe disease. (medscape.com)
Children with craniofacial syndromes, neuromuscular diseases, medical comorbidities, or severe obstructive sleep apnea, and those younger than three years are at increased risk of developing postoperative complications and should be monitored overnight in the hospital. (aafp.org)
View Source , causing fragmented sleep and contributing to severe health consequences if left untreated. (sleepfoundation.org)
However, in two recent small physiology studies, trazodone and zopiclone did not change the apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI), and zopiclone increased mean overnight hypoxaemia by 1% in individuals with severe OSA [ 11 , 19 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Treatment of symptomatic OSA, particular at the severe end of the spectrum, appears to be associated with improvements in blood pressure, both during sleep and wakefulness, and there may also be additional gains in subjects who are hypertensive and/or resistant to antihypertensive medications. (minervamedica.it)

Is the Subject Area "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
An estimated 6% of the US adult population has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (cdc.gov)

Increasingly, obstructive sleep apnea is also being recognized as an independent risk factor for several clinical consequences, including systemic hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and abnormal glucose metabolism. (nih.gov)
Primary care providers will be central to clinical approaches for addressing the burden and the development of cost-effective case-finding strategies and feasible treatment for mild obstructive sleep apnea warrants high priority. (nih.gov)
Rates of obstructive sleep apnea indifferent diagnostic groups (established by clinical DSM-III-Rdiagnosis) were retrospectively assessed. (psychiatrist.com)
We are proposing that the use of CPAP willbe covered when diagnosed using a clinical evaluation and PSG performed in a sleep laboratory. (cms.gov)
In addition, we are proposing to expand coverage of CPAP to include those beneficiaries with a diagnosis of CPAP made using a combination of a clinical evaluation and unattended home sleep monitoring using a Type II, III or IV device. (cms.gov)
Once the clinical seizures were controlled, she was discharged to the sleep laboratory. (bmj.com)
A detailed clinical history was taken in a pre-designed proforma which included family history of snoring up to three generations, a sleep questionnaire for symptoms of OSA, [8] which was modified from the Cleveland Veterans Affairs Hospital sleep questionnaire, and the ESS score questionnaire [Table - 1] . (neurologyindia.com)
A literature review has been performed on the following topics: obstructive SDB and its clinical entities, indications for respiratory treatment of pediatric SDB, and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV) treatment approach to obstructive SDB. (europeanreview.org)
0:19 Sleep apnea pathophysiology 5:58 Sleep apnea risk factors 10:36 Relation of age to sleep apnea Speaker: Roger Seheult, MD Clinical and Exam Preparation Instructor Board Certified in Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Disease, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine. (freemedicalvideos.com)

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder and is characterized by recurrent episodes of complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway leading to reduced or absent breathing during sleep. (wikipedia.org)
Another current sleep disorder, medical or neurologic disorder, medication use, or substance use does not better account for the patient's condition. (medscape.com)
Consequences of untreated obstructive sleep apnea include failure to thrive, enuresis, attention-deficit disorder, behavior problems, poor academic performance, and cardiopulmonary disease. (aafp.org)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disorder with significant morbidity and impact on quality of life that can be improved by treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). (cdc.gov)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder characterized by repeated obstruction to the airway during sleep. (sleepfoundation.org)
OSA therefore is a major intrinsic sleep disorder. (hindawi.com)
Use is higher in obese individuals (7.2%) and the elderly (9.1%) [ 1 ], two major risk factors for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), an increasingly common sleep-related breathing disorder with major adverse health and safety consequences [ 3 - 5 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disorder of breathing during sleep. (minervamedica.it)
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder affecting as many as 25 percent of the US population. (umaryland.edu)
The OSA is a serious sleep disorder that has negative implications on multiple systems of the organism. (scirp.org)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic sleep disorder that requires a long-term multidisciplinary approach. (sleepmedres.org)

Continued narrowing results in an obstruction of the upper airways and a cessation of airflow, which is an obstructive apneic event. (medscape.com)
This obstruction leads to an arousal from sleep which increases muscle tone, reestablishes airway patency, and allows normal airflow. (medscape.com)
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is characterized by repetitive upper airway obstruction and consequent oxyhemoglobin desaturation during the deeper stages of sleep. (medscape.com)
Reduction of tone in this musculature and loss of compensatory reflex dilator mechanisms during deep sleep result in the airway obstruction. (medscape.com)
The changes in obstruction improvement, sleep characteristics and performance scale were also associated with training time, as detected by Pearson's correlation analysis. (frontiersin.org)
Sleep destabilizes patency of the upper airway, leading to partial or complete obstruction of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, or both. (msdmanuals.com)
The patient underwent drug-induced-sleep-endoscopy to further investigate the source of obstruction and was found to have obstructive tissue at the supraglottis and base of tongue. (imedpub.com)
While upper airway collapse can occur during both rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM sleep, decreased genioglossus muscle tone during REM sleep significantly increases the propensity for upper airway obstruction. (freemedicalvideos.com)

Starting with snoring and ending with obstructive sleep apnea, it has a considerable effect on many people's lives, and is a significant cause of increased mortality and morbidity. (rgare.com)

The primary objective of this article is to review some of the epidemiologic aspects of obstructive sleep apnea in adults. (nih.gov)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an underdiagnosed debilitating condition that affects approximately 20% of adults in the United States. (medscape.com)
By definition, the hypopnea and apnea last at least 10 seconds in adults. (scirp.org)
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults should be evaluated as a chronic disease that needs long-term and comprehensive care [ 1 ]. (sleepmedres.org)

[5] Respiratory distress index (RDI), which is the average number of respiratory disturbances per hour of sleep, of more than 5 is considered to be diagnostic of OSA. (neurologyindia.com)
This leads to intermittent disturbances in gas exchange (eg, hypercapnia and hypoxemia) and fragmented sleep. (freemedicalvideos.com)

The most common etiology of obstructive sleep apnea is adenotonsillar hypertrophy. (aafp.org)

OSA is characterized by the quintessential triad of intermittent apnea, hypoxia, and hypoxemia due to pharyngeal collapse. (hindawi.com)
Background Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) causes, among other things, intermittent blood oxygen desaturations, increasing the sympathetic tone. (ersjournals.com)

Airway patency tends to oscillate causing recurrent periods of apnea and recovery. (msdmanuals.com)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent, functional collapse during sleep of the velopharyngeal and/or oropharyngeal airway, causing substantially reduced or complete cessation of airflow despite ongoing breathing efforts. (freemedicalvideos.com)

Identification of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in this population that is at high risk for OSA due to traditional risk factors and in addition due to upper airway inflammation. (cdc.gov)
The researchers suggest that commercial drivers may have other OSA risk factors, including stress, high rates of obesity and high blood pressure, and abnormal sleep/wake schedules. (cbia.com)
In addition to the well-known risk factors of OSA, an increasing amount of literature has been published on the role of body position during sleep in OSA and efficient approaches to avoid sleeping positions that worsen OSA severity. (researchsquare.com)

These children would be cared for more effectively with appropriate recognition and treatment of sleep-disordered breathing than with the use of stimulant medications. (aafp.org)
The present study contributes to understanding the relationship of nasal /upper airway mechanisms to the development of sleep apnea in this population and explores the possibility of improving comfort and adherence to CPAP treatment by modifying how CPAP is delivered. (cdc.gov)
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Early treatment of obstructive apnea (OSA) with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) may speed recovery from ischemic stroke, researchers from Spain say. (drbicuspid.com)
Pépin JL, Tamisier R, Baguet JP, Lévy P. Arterial health is related to obstructive sleep apnea severity and improves with CPAP treatment. (acc.org)
Treatment of OSA restores normal sleep architecture and generally mitigates the acute hemodynamic effects of OSA. (minervamedica.it)
Thankfully, we offer effective treatment options and we've included some important information on the different types of sleep apnea in Mangum. (333dentalcare.com)
That's why we offer an effective treatment option at EZ Sleep Solutions, a custom-made oral appliance. (333dentalcare.com)
This review paper aims to summarize the current state of knowledge on the role of the pneumologist in the diagnosis and respiratory treatment of children affected by obstructive Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB). (europeanreview.org)
Adenotonsillectomy is the first-choice treatment in children with obstructive apnea secondary to adenotonsillar hypertrophy. (europeanreview.org)
Treatment interventions are usually implemented gradually by separately addressing each abnormality that would predispose to obstructive SDB, then reevaluating after each intervention to detect any residual disease and to assess the need for additional treatment. (europeanreview.org)
If OSA is diagnosed, the severity, as defined by the Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI), is a factor in determining which treatment will be most effective. (southcentraldentistry.com)
The first step in treatment for sleep apnea resides in recognition of the symptoms and seeking appropriate consultation. (texasdentalpa.com)
Inspire® is the only FDA approved obstructive sleep apnea treatment. (coloradoent.com)
CPAP or also known as (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) machine is the most common treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. (vastmedic.com)

Obesity is a major risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea as 60 to 70 percent of individuals with this condition have obesity. (medlineplus.gov)
Sleep-disordered breathing in children is a timely public health concern, given the increasing rates of obesity and hyperactivity in this population. (aafp.org)
Schizophrenia, Obesity, and Obstructive Sleep Apnea. (psychiatrist.com)

A growing number of studies, in animal models and humans , have highlighted the link between sleep and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. (bvsalud.org)

The AHI is defined as the average number of episodes of apnea and hypopnea per hour. (medscape.com)
001), and chronic neuroleptic use(p = .012) on the presence of obstructive sleep apnea (defined asmore than 20 instances of apnea and/or hypopnea per hour ofsleep). (psychiatrist.com)

Upper airway muscle activation which is reduced during REM sleep rather than during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, resulting in increased apnea and consequent hypoxemia. (researchsquare.com)

Obstructive sleep apnea often occurs on its own, without signs and symptoms affecting other parts of the body. (medlineplus.gov)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) occurs when the upper airway becomes blocked, leading to brief pauses in breathing during sleep. (sleepfoundation.org)
When obstructive sleep apnea occurs, the tongue is sucked against the back of the throat. (texasdentalpa.com)

The respiratory effort must then be assessed in order to correctly classify the apnea as obstructive given the specificity of the diaphragmatic activity in this condition: the inspiratory effort is continued or increased through the entire episode of absent airflow. (wikipedia.org)
[ 3 ] The respiratory centers in the brainstem track mechanical constraints (low lung volumes, resistance to airflow) and gas-exchange abnormalities (oxygen, pH, and carbon dioxide changes) during sleep. (medscape.com)

The results showed negative correlations between LTL and the following variables: apnea-hypopnea index, respiratory disturbance index, desaturation index and wake after sleep onset. (oncotarget.com)

But even though most people who have sleep apnea snore, not all people who snore have sleep apnea. (kaiserpermanente.org)

Obstructive sleep apnea is a chronic condition characterized by frequent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep. (nih.gov)
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a condition characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway closure during sleep. (neurologyindia.com)
It shows repeated episodes of complete or partial obstructions of the upper airway during sleep, despite the effort to breathe, and is usually associated with a reduction in blood oxygen saturation. (vastmedic.com)

Complete closure can lead to apnea while partial closure allows breathing but decrease the intake of oxygen (hypopnea). (medlineplus.gov)
In REM sleep respiratory events are more durable and present a major decrease in the oxygen saturation which usually returns to its basal values followed by the normal recuperation of breathing. (scirp.org)
LTL was positively correlated with sleep efficiency, total sleep time, basal, minimum and maximum oxygen saturation. (oncotarget.com)
It generally takes your brain 10 or more seconds to realize it is deprived of oxygen before it briefly rouses you from sleep so that you can reopen your airway. (southcentraldentistry.com)
People with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have disrupted sleep and low blood oxygen levels. (texasdentalpa.com)

Muscle tone maintains upper airway tone, so when we go to sleep our muscles relax and the caliper of our airways will narrow. (medscape.com)

Snoring, a common symptom of SDB, is a repetitive sound caused by vibration of upper airway structures during sleep. (medscape.com)
Snoring is a major symptom of obstructive sleep apnea . (kaiserpermanente.org)

Obstructive sleep apnea is a condition in which individuals experience pauses in breathing (apnea) during sleep, which are associated with partial or complete closure of the throat (pper airway). (medlineplus.gov)
Your snoring disturbs your sleep, such as pauses in breathing or gasping while sleeping. (kaiserpermanente.org)
This CPAP machine sends a constant flow of airway pressure to your throat to ensure that your airway stays open during sleep, effectively treating the spontaneous pauses in breath. (vastmedic.com)

There is a progressive decrease in sympathetic activity, blood pressure (BP), stroke volume, heart rate, cardiac output, and systemic vascular resistance, during deeper NREM sleep stages [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)

Persons with a high arousal threshold can make adjustments to breathing and to the airway without awakening, thus avoiding the fragmentation and ventilatory overshoot associated with the sleep/wake transition. (medscape.com)
Cite this: Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Targeting the Low Arousal Threshold - Medscape - Jun 30, 2017. (medscape.com)

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common medical condition characterized by repetitive occlusions of the upper airway during sleep. (researchsquare.com)

If the AHI or RDI is calculated based on less than 2 hours of continuous recorded sleep, the total number of recorded events to calculate the AHI or RDI during sleep testing is at least the number of events that would have been required in a 2-hour period. (medscape.com)
We are proposing to modify the criteria for a positive sleep study to remove the requirement for a minimum two hours of continuous recorded sleep and instead recognize shorter periods of continuous recorded sleep if the total number of recorded events during that shorter period is at least the number of events that would have been required in a two hour period. (cms.gov)
She was noted to have periods of apparent apnoea time linked to bursts of epileptiform activity on continuous video EEG monitoring. (bmj.com)

The indices commonly used to assess sleep disordered breathing (SDB) are the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the respiratory disturbance index (RDI). (medscape.com)

Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) is the number of apneic and hypopneic events per hour of sleep. (hindawi.com)

Anatomy30

Diseases48

Chemicals and Drugs9

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment88

Psychiatry and Psychology20

Phenomena and Processes37

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Humanities1

Information Science5

Health Care40

Syndrome19

Sleepiness15

Prevalence6

Epidemiology1

Polysomnography8

Central sleep apnea3

Daytime2

Disorders17

Moderate-to-severe5

Symptoms of obstructive sleep1

Snoring and Obstructive Sleep1

Individuals with obstructive sleep2

OSAS3

Patients24

Arousals7

Hypopneas3

Diagnosis of obstructive1

Severe5

Chronic obstruc2

Clinical9

Disorder11

Obstruction8

Morbidity1

Adults4

Disturbances2

Etiology1

Intermittent2

Recurrent2

Risk factors3

Treatment14

Obesity3

Pathophysiology1

Hypopnea per hour2

Hypoxemia1

Occurs3

Airflow2

Desaturation1

Snore1

Episodes3

Oxygen5

Airways1

Symptom2

Pauses3

Stroke1

Arousal threshold2

Condition characterized1

Continuous3

Assess1

Apneic1