AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
Liver Failure, AcuteDrug-Induced Liver InjuryLiver DiseasesLiver TransplantationLiverAcetaminophenLiver, ArtificialGalactosamineAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticHepatic EncephalopathyLiver NeoplasmsLiver RegenerationLiver CirrhosisLiver Function TestsAlanine TransaminaseFatty LiverHepatocytesMicrosomes, LiverSorption DetoxificationCarbon Tetrachloride PoisoningLiver FailureAspartate AminotransferasesMitochondria, LiverMushroom PoisoningHyperammonemiaLiver CirculationHepatitisKeratin-18BilirubinHepatectomyAcute DiseaseDrug OverdoseTransaminasesLiver ExtractsLiver Neoplasms, ExperimentalThioacetamideLiver Cirrhosis, AlcoholicNecrosisDisease Models, AnimalIntracranial HypertensionLiver AbscessAmmoniaLiver Diseases, AlcoholicTime FactorsProtective AgentsIntracranial PressureHepatitis, Viral, HumanExtracorporeal CirculationHepatitis, AutoimmuneCinnamomum aromaticumArtificial OrgansHepatolenticular DegenerationTreatment OutcomeFatal OutcomeRats, WistarCholestasisKupffer CellsDimethylnitrosamineAmanitaDysuriaLiver Cirrhosis, ExperimentalRats, Sprague-DawleyRetrospective StudiesJaundiceHepatitis, AlcoholicCross CirculationCamellia sinensisMice, Inbred C57BLEthionineLiver GlycogenHepatic VeinsExplosive AgentsCytochrome P-450 CYP2E1Hepatorenal Syndromegamma-GlutamyltransferaseBiological MarkersHepatic Stellate CellsRNA, MessengerAcetylcysteineBrain EdemaEnd Stage Liver DiseaseAlbuminsMalondialdehydeLiving DonorsAntidotesCarcinoma, HepatocellularWaiting Listsalpha-FetoproteinsGlutathioneVitamin D-Binding ProteinHepatitis BPrognosisMultiple Organ FailureProthrombin TimeLipopolysaccharidesImmunohistochemistryRats, Inbred StrainsComaPlasma ExchangeSwine
TransplantationChronic liver dACLFCirrhosisFatty Liver DiseaseHepatitisComplicationsDiseaseInjuryInflammationInduced acute liver fDiagnosisInfectionExtracorporeal liverMortalityFailureTransplantNecrosis2016MalnutritionPost-AcuteInflammatoryIllnessClinicalPregnancyDiseasesOrganDonorHyperacuteNephrologyOrgansTreatmentTherapyToxinsChildren'sDialysis
Transplantation12
  • Management of ACLF is broadly focused on supportive care often in an intensive care setting with liver transplantation proving to be an increasingly relevant and effective rescue therapy. (nih.gov)
  • The only curative treatment for acute liver failure is liver transplantation, but there are many restrictions on the application of liver transplantation. (springer.com)
  • The aims of this article are to review the current knowledge regarding therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in acute liver failure, to discuss recent advancements in preclinical and clinical studies in the treatment of mesenchymal stem cells, and to summarize the methodological improvement of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in treating liver failure. (springer.com)
  • The only curative treatment for ALF is liver transplantation, but there are many restrictions on the application of liver transplantation because of financial considerations, a shortage of donor livers, and immunosuppression-related complications [ 3 ]. (springer.com)
  • Although liver failure can be treated via hepatocyte transplantation, it also faces multiple problems comprising the shortage of high-quality hepatocytes sources, rejection of allogeneic transplants, difficulty to expand, and losing hepatic characteristics in vitro [ 7 , 8 ]. (springer.com)
  • Acetaminophen (APAP) poisoning is one of the leading causes of acute hepatic failure and liver transplantation is often the only lifesaving alternative. (mdpi.com)
  • 1 Surgical Research Laboratory and Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. (nih.gov)
  • Intracranial pressure monitoring and liver transplantation for fulminant hepatic failure. (medscape.com)
  • Background & Aims Uncertainties exist surrounding the timing of liver transplantation (LT) among patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure grade 3 (ACLF-3), regarding whether to accept a marginal quality donor organ to allow for earlier LT or wait for either an optimal organ offer or improvement in the number of organ failures, in order to increase post-LT survival. (openaire.eu)
  • Because there was no sign of malperfusion or proximal extension into the donor aorta , we proceeded with the liver transplantation and continued medical management for ATAAD. (bvsalud.org)
  • Like acute liver failure ACLF is also associated with high mortality rate, liver support device are important therapeutic options for these patients to provide them additional time for recovery or to serve as a "bridge" to transplantation, whereas orthotopic liver transplantation remains the only definitive therapy who do not improve with supportive measures. (medicinepaper.net)
  • 1 , 2 Although liver transplantation is considered to be the most effective treatment for ACLF, donor organ shortages pose a major obstacle. (xiahepublishing.com)
Chronic liver d12
  • Chronic liver disease is a mounting problem worldwide, and one that is greatly compounded when combined with other precipitating events (eg, alcohol-related or viral hepatitis , drug-induced liver injury), which is termed acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). (medscape.com)
  • We believe the time was prime to move the needle forward and raise awareness, among not only hepatologists and intensive care unit (ICU) specialists but also the general gastrointestinal audience who may or may not deal with cirrhosis or will be dealing with chronic liver disease in the future. (medscape.com)
  • For example, in Asia, there could be patients with chronic liver disease who have a hepatitis B flare - which would also be ACLF because the definitions are chronic liver disease, not just cirrhosis. (medscape.com)
  • A pragmatic approach to a patient who has chronic liver disease or cirrhosis, and now has completely gone into ACLF, is to try and do everything in your power to reverse that ACLF if possible. (medscape.com)
  • Acute-on-chronic failure (ACLF) is a recognized syndrome in patients with chronic liver disease and is characterized by acute decompensation, organ failure(s), and a high short-term mortality. (nih.gov)
  • ABSTRACT: Background Even the sickest patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), such as those with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) remain in hemostatic balance due to a concomitant decline in pro- and antihemostatic factors. (nih.gov)
  • Antifibrinolytic amino acids have been suggested for the treatment of gastrointestinal emergency, but it is unknown whether they are of benefit or cause harm when used for treating upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people with acute or chronic liver disease. (cochrane.org)
  • This updated Cochrane review identified no randomised clinical trials assessing the benefits and harms of antifibrinolytic amino acids for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people with acute or chronic liver disease. (cochrane.org)
  • Chronic liver disease means that symptoms appear more gradually, often over months or years. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Chronic liver disease often responds well to treatment or lifestyle changes, especially in the early stages when people have minimal symptoms. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • ACLF is a distinct clinical entity and different from acute liver failure or chronic liver disease as here two simultaneous but different insults are operating: acute insult and chronic insult. (medicinepaper.net)
  • Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) encompasses a group of clinical syndromes based on chronic liver disease, acute intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic injury as the inducement, and accompanied by multiple organ failure and early high mortality. (xiahepublishing.com)
ACLF8
  • It's a little difficult to thread this needle, but we hope we've done it, because ACLF is clearly a distinct entity from acute decompensation, and it has a much worse prognosis. (medscape.com)
  • Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) in 2022: have novel treatment paradigms already arrived? (nih.gov)
  • Hemostatic changes in acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) may in part reflect critical illness. (nih.gov)
  • The common end stage of liver disease is decompensated cirrhosis and the further development towards acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). (ku.dk)
  • Patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) admitted in Medicine or Hepatology ward were enrolled for the study. (medicinepaper.net)
  • The present study aimed to examine alterations of serum ATX in acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and evaluate whether serum ATX could be useful as an early warning biomarker of ACLF. (xiahepublishing.com)
  • The early warning indicators of ACLF are currently lacking in clinical practice, and the specificity and sensitivity of traditional end-stage liver disease model scores, including the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) and MELD-Na, and Child-Pugh scores can hardly meet the clinical needs of prognostic assessment. (xiahepublishing.com)
  • In recent years, the concept of acute-on-chronic pre-liver failure (pre-ACLF) was proposed. (xiahepublishing.com)
Cirrhosis4
  • Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality in the course of liver cirrhosis. (cochrane.org)
  • In this Review, the authors discuss the possible pathogenic, diagnostic and therapeutic role of the gut microbiota in decompensation of cirrhosis and progression to acute-on-chronic liver failure. (ku.dk)
  • Various injuries and diseases - such as cirrhosis and hepatitis - can cause liver problems. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • In contrast, cirrhosis, which is a more severe type of liver disease, can significantly shorten life expectancy. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Fatty Liver Disease6
Hepatitis18
Complications6
  • Acute liver failure is the appearance of severe complications rapidly after the first signs (such as jaundice) of liver disease, and indicates that the liver has sustained severe damage (loss of function of 80-90% of liver cells). (wikipedia.org)
  • Numerous treatment strategies for acute liver failure simply prevent complications and decelerate disease progression. (springer.com)
  • At the hospital's stabilization centre - a ward supported with essential lifesaving medical supplies by WHO with the support from the United Nations Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) to treat children suffering with severe acute malnutrition with medical complications - the paediatric doctors, nurses and nutritionists promptly assessed Amina's health and nutritional status. (who.int)
  • Amina was diagnosed with severe acute malnutrition, compounded by a range of medical complications. (who.int)
  • Commonly used for sickle cell patients in acute sickling crisis, or used as preventive maintenance to avoid complications of the disease. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • However by 2002, Dr. John H. Fullerton had witnessed, first-hand, the increasing importance and need for the addition of a 'medical model' within Assisted Living, to address complications of aging, medical issues and illnesses that affect the elderly and other chronically ill individuals, as well as the critical issue of 'caregiver strain' experienced among adult children of aging parents. (hamptonhealthltd.com)
Disease22
  • In part because the liver disease severity we see at baseline is different around the world. (medscape.com)
  • The term subfulminant hepatic failure is reserved for patients with liver disease for up to 26 weeks before the development of hepatic encephalopathy. (medscape.com)
  • Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (vomiting of blood) is one of the most frequent causes of illness and death in the course of liver disease. (cochrane.org)
  • People with liver disease frequently have haemostatic abnormalities, which include hyperfibrinolysis (increased prevention of blood clotting). (cochrane.org)
  • People with liver disease frequently have haemostatic abnormalities such as hyperfibrinolysis. (cochrane.org)
  • Mean Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores were about 25. (the-hospitalist.org)
  • Patients with acute on chronic kidney disease fared the worst. (the-hospitalist.org)
  • In 2018, disease investigation and molecular HIV surveillance in Seattle, Washington, identified 14 related HIV diagnoses among heterosexuals who were living homeless, most of whom injected drugs. (cdc.gov)
  • A social media search performed by a public health disease intervention specialist linked her to a man who injected drugs and was living homeless who had tested HIV-positive in July (patient 7). (cdc.gov)
  • In liver failure and liver disease, excess bilirubin accumulates, which can cause a yellowing of the skin known as jaundice . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • When a person has liver disease, the body may struggle to digest and absorb certain nutrients. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Liver disease can be acute, which means that signs and symptoms appear within 4 weeks of onset, or it can become chronic, meaning a long-term illness. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Both types of disease can cause liver failure. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • However, more severe cases can lead to inflammation that damages the liver, resulting in serious liver disease and, sometimes, liver failure. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Our results indicate that in T. cruzi-infected mice, diet differentially regulates several liver processes, including autophagy, a stress response mechanism, with corresponding implications for human Chagas disease patients. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The usual latency to onset of symptoms of liver disease ranges from one week to as long as 3 years, but most cases have a latency of 1 to 6 months. (nih.gov)
  • While we have seen decreases in death rates from many major causes - such as heart disease, cancer (all cancer combined), and stroke recently - liver cancer deaths stand out far away from the decreasing trends of these causes of death. (cdc.gov)
  • Seminars in liver disease , 36 (2), 107. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Recent accumulating evidence indicates the biological actions of autotaxin (ATX) in liver disease. (xiahepublishing.com)
  • Serum ATX levels were well correlated with serum biochemical parameters of liver function and model for end-stage liver disease score. (xiahepublishing.com)
  • Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) occurs in people with heart conditions, such as coronary artery disease . (clevelandclinic.org)
  • De novo acute heart failure occurs in people with no history of heart disease. (clevelandclinic.org)
Injury11
  • WASHINGTON - Treatment with carvedilol reduced the incidence of sepsis and acute kidney injury and improved survival at 28 days but did not significantly reduce the progression of esophageal varices in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure. (the-hospitalist.org)
  • Fluoroquinolone therapy and idiosyncratic acute liver injury: a population-based study. (medscape.com)
  • The Center for Acute Care Nephrology offers comprehensive therapy options when treating acute kidney injury needs. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Acute renal replacement therapies can be initiated for acute kidney injury, fluid overload and/or sepsis. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • CRRT is reserved for the sickest patients with acute kidney injury as it supports the chance of regaining kidney function and renal function recovery. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. (nih.gov)
  • Simvastatin is a commonly used cholesterol lowering agent (statin) that is associated with mild, asymptomatic and self-limited serum aminotransferase elevations during therapy, and rarely with clinically apparent acute liver injury. (nih.gov)
  • Rare but potentially severe adverse events include liver injury, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, and immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy. (nih.gov)
  • Clinically apparent liver injury due to simvastatin is rare. (nih.gov)
  • But in view of the wide use of simvastatin, clinically apparent liver injury is exceeding rare and is estimated to occur in 1 per 100,000 patient years of exposure. (nih.gov)
  • A (well known but rare cause of clinically apparent liver injury). (nih.gov)
Inflammation2
  • 2 Centre for Liver Research, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, the Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. (nih.gov)
  • Acute gastroenteritis is defined as an inflammation of the intestines that causes diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, loss of appetite, and other symptoms of digestive upset. (biomerieux.com)
Induced acute liver f2
  • PegIFN induced acute liver failure is quite rare, but clinicians should aware of this lifethreatening side effect during and after interferon therapy. (scirp.org)
  • Acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: results of a United States multicenter, prospective study. (medscape.com)
Diagnosis1
Infection7
  • Persons who inject drugs, particularly those living homeless, remain vulnerable to outbreaks of HIV infection, even in cities with large HIV prevention programs and shrinking HIV epidemics. (cdc.gov)
  • In August 2018, Public Health-Seattle and King County (PHSKC) identified a cluster of cases of HIV infection among persons living homeless, most of whom injected drugs. (cdc.gov)
  • This outbreak highlights the vulnerability of persons who inject drugs, particularly those who also are living homeless, to outbreaks of HIV infection, even in areas with high levels of viral suppression and large syringe services programs (SSPs). (cdc.gov)
  • In July 2018, an MSW living homeless in north Seattle tested positive for acute HIV infection (HIV Ag/Ab positive, Geenius HIV negative, HIV RNA positive) at an emergency department (ED) after being evaluated with fever (patient 6) ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In this study, we investigated the effect of a high-fat diet on liver morphology and physiology, lipid metabolism, immune signaling, energy homeostasis, and stress responses in the murine model of acute T. cruzi infection. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2/2019-nCoV) infection is an emerging pandemic. (preprints.org)
  • A per oral live attenuated vaccine can be beneficial in SARS-Cov-2 infection because the attenuated virus initially infects the gut, stimulates the mucosa associated immune system sparing the respiratory system during the initial immune response. (preprints.org)
Extracorporeal liver2
  • The Hepatix extracorporeal liver assist device: initial clinical experience. (medscape.com)
  • Cincinnati Children's is excited to be one of the few sites worldwide that is able to offer acute extracorporeal liver support, or Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System (MARS) therapy , for those patients that have hepatic encephalopathy or for the treatment of drug overdose and poisoning. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
Mortality7
  • Acute liver failure often affects young people and carries a very high mortality. (medscape.com)
  • Acute liver failure is a life-threatening clinical syndrome characterized by rapid development of hepatocellular necrosis leading to high mortality and resource costs. (springer.com)
  • Morbidity and mortality were high, as is expected with acute-on-chronic liver failure, he noted. (the-hospitalist.org)
  • I also wanted to offer state-by-state data for liver cancer mortality, so that the U.S. Public Health Community might have information that will help them in their important work throughout America. (cdc.gov)
  • While there are some reports out there that show the increase of liver cancer mortality, we also know that the liver cancer death rate demonstrates a trend of continued rate increase during the period from 2000 through 2016 - which is the time span this report analyzed. (cdc.gov)
  • Within the four race/ethnic groups analyzed, the only decrease trend in liver cancer mortality observed, is for the non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander (API) group. (cdc.gov)
  • The mortality data we analyzed does not provide any evidence itself to show the reason or reasons that could contribute to the variation of liver cancer death rates by state. (cdc.gov)
Failure49
Transplant6
  • They strongly appreciate when the transplant service or the liver service gets involved early to help with the transition, so the family is aware. (medscape.com)
  • Another 23 experienced adverse events and 2 progressed to liver transplant. (the-hospitalist.org)
  • Iatrogenic Acute Ascending Aortic Dissection During Combined Heart/Liver Transplant for Amyloidosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • For the same reason, if a person needs a liver transplant , a living donor only needs to donate part of this organ. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Although dialysis can support a failing liver, a person usually needs a transplant. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Many of our advanced Hepatology and Nephrology services are unique to this region, including liver transplant, kidney transplant, and robotic prostatectomy. (rochester.edu)
Necrosis2
  • During the course of hepatocyte necrosis, an intense accumulation of neutrophils is often observed within the liver microenvironment. (mdpi.com)
  • We present a patient with toxemia of pregnancy and the HELLP syndrome [hemolysis (H), elevated liver enzymes (EL), and a low platelet count (LP)] resulting in massive hepatic necrosis. (symptoma.com)
20163
  • The surprise is that the liver cancer death rate for men is between 2 and 2.5 times the rate for women aged 25 and over, during the period of 2000-2016. (cdc.gov)
  • The liver cancer death rate for non-Hispanic white adults was the lowest among the race/ethnic groups throughout the period (2000-2016). (cdc.gov)
  • Despite concerns about overbuilding and low occupancies, the senior housing market looks to be holding up rather well, especially the independent living sector, according to third quarter (Q3) 2016 data from Bethesda, Md.-based National Investment Center for Seniors Housing & Care (NIC). (wolfmediausa.com)
Malnutrition6
  • Photo credit: WHO Somalia/I.Taxta 15 November 2023, Mogadishu, Somalia - Malnutrition affects communities far and wide, weaving its way through many lives, often with devastating results. (who.int)
  • Thanks to the generosity of CERF and other donors, countless lives are being transformed and the cycle of malnutrition is being broken, one child at a time. (who.int)
  • Currently, more than 30 million children in the 15 worst-affected countries suffer from wasting - or acute malnutrition - and 8 million of these children are severely wasted, the deadliest form of undernutrition. (wfp.org)
  • In response to increasing needs, the UN agencies identified five priority actions that will be effective in addressing acute malnutrition in countries affected by conflict and natural disasters and in humanitarian emergencies. (wfp.org)
  • Scaling up these actions as a coordinated package will be critical for preventing and treating acute malnutrition in children, and averting a tragic loss of life. (wfp.org)
  • In 2018, the ACUTE Center for Eating Disorders & Severe Malnutrition at Denver Health was honored by Anthem Health as a Center of Excellence for Medical Treatment of Severe and Extreme Eating Disorders. (acute.org)
Post-Acute2
  • PALS℠ is the physician assisted, post-acute care arm of Hampton Health, Ltd. ™ having provided health care to premier post-acute facilities, primarily within Assisted Living (ALF) and Independent Living (ILF) communities in San Francisco, Corte Madera, Kentfield, San Rafael, Lafayette and Belmont, CA. (hamptonhealthltd.com)
  • As the intellectual property subsidiary of Hampton Health, Physician Assisted Living Solutions has served to pioneer thoughtful and innovative methods for post-acute care and has set the standard for implementing the most evolved, comprehensive and integrated medical model for on-site support, care and training within Assisted and Independent Living communities developed to date. (hamptonhealthltd.com)
Inflammatory2
Illness1
  • Essentials Liver diseases are associated with profound hemostatic changes proportional to severity of illness. (nih.gov)
Clinical4
  • We found no randomised clinical trials (studies where people are randomly put into one of two or more treatment groups) for inclusion in this updated review on the benefits and harms of antifibrinolytic amino acids for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people with liver diseases. (cochrane.org)
  • Unless randomised clinical trials are conducted to assess the trade-off between benefits and harms, we cannot recommend or refute antifibrinolytic amino acids for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people with acute or chronic liver diseases. (cochrane.org)
  • Hepatocyte liver-assist systems--a clinical update. (medscape.com)
  • PHSKC has alerted medical and social service providers and the public about the outbreak, expanded HIV testing among persons who inject drugs or who are living homeless, and is working to increase the availability of clinical and prevention services in the geographic area of the outbreak. (cdc.gov)
Pregnancy4
Diseases3
  • Therefore, antifibrinolytic amino acids have been proposed to be used as supplementary interventions alongside any of the primary treatments for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people with liver diseases. (cochrane.org)
  • Hemodynamic parameters also were comparable, with a mean HVPG of about 19, Dr. Kainth said at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. (the-hospitalist.org)
  • Thus, the gut microbiome might play a major part in the development of liver diseases. (ku.dk)
Organ4
  • The liver, as the first organ to encounter microbial products that cross the gut epithelial barrier, is affected by the gut microbiome in many ways. (ku.dk)
  • The liver is a vital organ that regulates waste products in the blood, eliminates toxins, and stores excess energy in the form of glycogen. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The liver is a large, dark red organ located mainly in the upper right portion of the abdomen. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • It is commonly used for patients who may be experiencing acute rejection of a transplanted organ, some neurological issues and those patients with extremely elevated white cell counts or elevated sickle hemoglobin cells. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
Donor1
Hyperacute1
  • Clinically 13 of these cases had hyperacute presentation and rest of them presented with acute form. (symptoma.com)
Nephrology1
Organs1
  • The biological effects of exposure to these ethers is described, including target organs, acute, subchronic and chronic effects, and human effects. (cdc.gov)
Treatment2
  • With substantially faster turn-around times than traditional methods, molecular diagnostics can help physicians make treatment decisions earlier-reducing antimicrobial overuse and saving patients' lives. (biomerieux.com)
  • Both Epsom and St Helier hospitals will be stripped of their acute services including two busy Accident and Emergency departments which will be downgraded to Urgent Treatment Centers (UTC). (keepournhspublic.com)
Therapy1
  • If therapy with [HA466 trade name] is discontinued, consideration should be given to the long half-life of efavirenz (see section 5.2) and long intracellular half-lives of tenofovir and lamivudine. (who.int)
Toxins1
Children's1
  • This is a major threat to children's lives and to their long-term health and development, the impacts of which are felt by individuals, their communities, and their countries. (wfp.org)
Dialysis1
  • As the most widely used and available form of dialysis used in children, Acute Peritoneal Dialysis supports kidney function by maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance daily for anywhere between eight to 24 hours. (cincinnatichildrens.org)