• Unfortunately, most conventional membranes lack selectivity between monovalent ions, rendering their use in such applications infeasible. (aps.org)
  • The distance between the carbonyl oxygens and potassium ions in the binding sites of the selectivity filter is the same as between water oxygens in the first hydration shell and a potassium ion in water solution, providing an energetically-favorable route for de-solvation of the ions. (wikipedia.org)
  • It shows good selectivity for Pb(II) ions over other mono-, di- and trivalent cations. (ias.ac.in)
  • Selectivity of the ionophore for Pb(II) ions was determined by spectrophotometric method. (ias.ac.in)
  • Extraction takes place by a cation exchange mechanism and the ligand shows a pronounced selectivity towards Cu^{2+} ions. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • The selectivity of the ligand was evaluated by competitive extraction of copper ions from a synthetic sample. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • Among them, the inorganic ion exchange adsorbent has better mechanical properties, the ion exchange position is more uniform, and the adsorption selectivity for metal ions is high. (iwaponline.com)
  • however, electrolytes for multivalent ions must be designed to impede the formation of insoluble precipitates and facilitate cation desolvation. (stanford.edu)
  • The 2D-HPLC system incorporated strong cation exchange and reversed phase separation modes. (cdc.gov)
  • One approach to overcoming selectivity limitations is to incorporate ligands into membranes which specifically interact with target cations in an aqueous environment. (aps.org)
  • Materials capable of selectively sieving cations from aqueous media are extremely useful for environmental applications like remediation. (bnl.gov)
  • Extraction and recovery of primary, secondary and some tertiary amines as well as most metal cations from aqueous solutions. (thomassci.com)
  • His interests and those of his research groups have included exploring the mechanisms of ion permeation and selectivity in ion channels, the relationship between the molecular structure and the physiological function of channels, such as those of the inhibitory neurotransmitter receptor glycine channel and the olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channel, and investigating the factors that determine their ion permeation, selectivity and conductance. (edu.au)
  • His current research is now concentrating on liquid junction potential effects on membrane potential measurements and their role in ion permeation and selectivity, and the reliability of their calculation and measurement, including the importance of using ion activities in their calculation in many situations, and complications that can arise in solutions containing polyvalent ion mixtures. (edu.au)
  • Combining these results obtained from different structural biology methods gave important mechanistic insights, e.g., into gating, ion permeation and selectivity, as well as into the activation of this enigmatic and medically important membrane protein family. (lu.se)
  • The dependence of monovalent-ion selectivity of surface-sulfonated anion exchange membranes (s-AEMs) on the electrodialysis (ED) desalination current density, the concentration of equimolar ternary electrolyte (XCl + X2SO4) in the total concentration range 0.04-0.2 M, and the type of cations (X = H, Cs, Na) has been studied. (hse.ru)
  • Living organisms compartmentalize their catalytic reactions in membranes for increased efficiency and selectivity. (mpg.de)
  • Selective separation of monovalent cations from complex mixtures is an industrially relevant procedure necessary for the recovery of many commodity materials, such as lithium from salt brines. (aps.org)
  • In this work, we assess how incorporating crown ethers, which form host-guest complexes with monovalent cations, into poly(norbornene) networks impacts the selective partitioning and diffusion of alkali cations. (aps.org)
  • 2022 ). For CorA, MgtE, and CorB/C, the motifs that form the selectivity pore, are conserved during evolution. (tcdb.org)
  • The primary goal of this research is to understand the mechanistic and dynamic nature of cation diffusion and crystallization processes for materials in harsh environments. (bnl.gov)
  • High-entropy oxides (HEOs) consist of five or more metal cations, providing opportunities to tune their catalytic properties toward high OER efficiency. (stanford.edu)
  • Surface ligands influence the selectivity of cation uptake in polyoxovanadate-alkoxide clusters. (pitt.edu)
  • Site-directed mutagenesis and voltage clamp recordings were used to investigate the Na+/Ca2+ selectivity, divalent blockade and anomalous mole fraction effect (AMFE) for different NaChBac wild type/mutants channels and the properties dependence on Qf. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • The extended ICB model explains the experimental (divalent blockade and AMFE) and simulated (multi-ion bands and their concentration-related shifts) selectivity phenomena of NaChBac channel and its charge-varied mutants. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • Functional studies, the researchers add, indicate that mutations affecting the channel can lead to a loss of ion selectivity and to depolarizing inward cation conductance. (genomeweb.com)
  • For the case of a 12-Crown-4-functionalized membrane, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations reveal a strong coupling between cation hydration and their sorption and diffusion in the membrane. (aps.org)
  • More specifically, we observe that alkali cation complexation tends to increase with decreasing cation hydration free energy. (aps.org)
  • Potassium ion channels remove the hydration shell from the ion when it enters the selectivity filter. (wikipedia.org)
  • It has also been demonstrated that the change in the hydration structure of transition metal cations during oxidation or reduction processes significantly influences the electrochemical properties. (cecam.org)
  • The yeast proteins appear to exhibit broad specificity transporting a wide range of di- and trivalent metal cations. (tcdb.org)
  • For example, the ion selectivity upon adsorption in clays has been demonstrated to arise from the water-ion interaction rather than from the host-ion interaction. (cecam.org)
  • Reversed phase, pi-pi and cation exchange interactions. (thomassci.com)
  • These findings reveal the molecular mechanism of the unique NPNV selectivity of L9 and emphasize the importance of anti-homotypic affinity maturation in protective immunity against P. falciparum . (nature.com)
  • Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) ion channels are non-selective cation channels sharing the membrane topology of six transmembrane helices but varying in sensory N- and C-terminal domains. (lu.se)
  • The molecular processes leading to ion selectivity in zeolites and other porous materials under extreme environmental conditions are not well understood. (bnl.gov)
  • Removal of heavy metals and other cations from wastewater using zeolites. (cdc.gov)
  • Selectivity of Electrochemical Ion Insertion into Manganese Dioxide Polymorphs. (stanford.edu)
  • Despite many reports on individual ion-polymorph couples, much less is known about the selectivity of electrochemical ion insertion in MnO2. (stanford.edu)
  • By understanding the mechanisms that govern crystal growth and ion selectivity in zeolitic materials, we can learn how to optimize ion exchange for specific environmental conditions. (bnl.gov)
  • Because of its narrow exchange sites, the material has remarkable selectivity for lithium over the other cations found in brine, such as sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium. (chemistryworld.com)
  • Orexin receptors produce neuroexcitation through postsynaptic depolarization by activating non-selective cation channels, inhibiting K+ channels, and activating Na+/Ca2+ exchange. (proteopedia.org)
  • The organic synthesis part makes up two thirds of the course and focuses on methods for creating carbon-carbon bonds and selectivity (chemo-, regio- diastereoselectivity). (lu.se)
  • Because lithium and magnesium cations have similar ionic properties, they are extremely difficult to separate from each other. (chemistryworld.com)
  • We report an experimental, analytic and numerical study of the effects of Qf and bulk ionic concentrations of Ca2+ and Na+ on conduction and selectivity of NaChBac channels, wild type and Qf-varied mutants. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • Claudin-10a deficiency shifts proximal tubular Cl-permeability to cation selectivity via claudin-2 redistribution. (mpg.de)
  • Onizuka, K , Taniguchi, Y & Sasaki, S 2014, ' Erratum: Activation and alteration of base selectivity by metal cations in the functionality-transfer reaction for RNA modification (Bioconjugate Chemistry (2010) 21:8 (1508-1512) DOI: 10.1021/bc100131j) ', Bioconjugate Chemistry , vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 1023. (elsevierpure.com)
  • New reaction types based on cation, anion, radical and carbene intermediates are described in detail. (lu.se)
  • Using PBE+U, we find that for nonprotonic cations, ion selectivity depends on the oxygen coordination environments inside a polymorph. (stanford.edu)
  • The rapid sol-flame method is employed to synthesize HEO, comprising five 3d-transition metal cations, which exhibits superior OER activity and durability under alkaline conditions, outperforming lower-entropy oxides, even with partial surface oxidations. (stanford.edu)
  • For example transition metal cations have been shown lately to have a variety of environments, even with a full shell d10 electronic configuration like coinage metals, Hg(II) etc. (cecam.org)
  • Calcium and nh4 were absorbed preferentially to all heavy metal cations except pb. (cdc.gov)
  • This width appears to be maintained by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces within a sheet of aromatic amino acid residues surrounding the selectivity filter. (wikipedia.org)
  • The selectivity of biological cation channels is defined by a short, narrow selectivity filter, having a negative net fixed charge Qf. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • However, L9 is highly specific for the NPNV (minor) repeats and relies on critical contributions from the light chain for both NPNV selectivity and high potency 8 . (nature.com)
  • The selectivity filter opens towards the extracellular solution, exposing four carbonyl oxygens in a glycine residue (Gly79 in KcsA). (wikipedia.org)
  • Electroneutrality balances indicated a cation deficit at all soil solution sampling points. (who.int)
  • At the overlimiting currents, the splitting of water and the decrease of Cl/SO4-selectivity were observed. (hse.ru)
  • Current inhibitors of peptidylprolyl isomerases show no selectivity between the tightly conserved cyclophilin paralogs and exhibit significant off-target effects, immunosuppression, and toxicity. (rcsb.org)
  • With HypoPP hyperpolarization-activated cation leak counteracting K + -rectifying current, mutations cause outermost arginine or lysine substitution. (medscape.com)
  • These results extend the understanding of ion channel selectivity and may also be applicable to biomimetic nanopores with charged walls. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • Specifically, in vitro antimicrobial activity and selectivity of guanidinium-functionalized polycarbonates containing the same number of guanidinium groups but of a shorter chain length and a structural analogue containing a thiouronium moiety as the pendent cationic group were evaluated. (ibm.com)
  • The selectivity filter is formed by a five residue sequence, TVGYG, termed the signature sequence, within each of the four subunits. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unique properties derive from the assembly of Mn-O octahedra into polymorphic structures that can host protons and nonprotonic cations in interstitial sites. (stanford.edu)
  • Highly conserved acidic residues found in the short periplasmic loop are not essential for CorA function or Mg 2+ selectivity but may be required for proper protein folding and stability. (tcdb.org)
  • The Na+/Rb+ selectivity of the minor groove is found to be weak, consistent with local structural flexibility. (lu.se)
  • in both OX1R and OX2R play a critical roll in determining the subtype selectivity [2] . (proteopedia.org)