• Eldadah and Faden, 2000 ), we hypothesized that suppression of apoptotic capability during maturation of mammalian brain results from repression of genes involved in the caspase-3 activation pathway, and that injury-induced neuronal apoptosis in the mature brain results from reactivation of these genes. (jneurosci.org)
  • Sequential activation of caspases plays a central role in the execution-phase of cell apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mutations in this gene are associated with apoptosis defects seen in type II autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Apoptosis is induced through the mitochondrial pathway resulting in caspase-9 activation and downstream caspase-3 activation. (cdc.gov)
  • Capsid gene delivery into the striatum of mouse brain or interskeletal muscle resulted in cell death and inflammation, likely through capsid-induced apoptosis in vivo. (cdc.gov)
  • We observed that the WNV-Cp protein is a pathogenic protein, which drives apoptosis in vitro through the mitochodrial/caspase-9 pathway. (cdc.gov)
  • Apoptosis is a caspase regulated cell death present in all metazoans defined by a conserved set of morphological features. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast to the apoptotic function of cell elimination, this new role of apoptosis is not well understood but seems caspase-dependent. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Apoptotic-induced proliferation was reported in several organisms, such as in the cnidarian Hydra , where apoptosis promotes proliferation of adjacent cells through emission of Wnt3 signalling in a caspase-dependant manner during head regeneration [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Evaluating the capacity of caspases to affect gene expression and influence fate and/or behaviour of cells adjacent to apoptosis is the first fundamental step to better characterise this new function in animals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • RIPK1 also directly regulates caspase-8-mediated apoptosis or, if caspase-8 activity is blocked, RIPK3-MLKL-dependent necroptosis. (nih.gov)
  • The increase in apoptosis was associated with activation of caspase-3, caspase-7, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1). (cdc.gov)
  • VSV infection triggered rapid differentiation of blood monocytes into immature dendritic cells as well as their apoptosis, which depended on caspase 3/7 activation. (karger.com)
  • Central to the execution phase of apoptosis are the two closely related caspase-3 and caspase-7. (eurogentec.com)
  • The caspases are a family of cysteine proteases that cleave after certain aspartate residues, and are primarily recognized as mediators of apoptosis. (enzolifesciences.com)
  • caspases are synthesized as inactive zymogens that can be cleaved to form active enzymes following the induction of apoptosis by stress or death receptors. (enzolifesciences.com)
  • Background: The genes caspase-8 (CASP8) and caspase-10 (CASP10) functionally cooperate and play a key role in the initiation of apoptosis. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Fluoride-induced apoptosis and gene expression profiling in mice sperm in vivo. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Das J, Ghosh J, Manna P, Sil PC (2012a) Tau protects rat testes against doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress as well as p53, Fas and caspase 12-mediated apoptosis. (springer.com)
  • During apoptosis, Rb is subjected to cleavage by caspase-3 like protease. (novusbio.com)
  • Triple point mutants, unable to bind caspase 9, caspase 3, and DIABLO/HtrA2/Omi, were completely ineffectual in inhibiting apoptosis. (rupress.org)
  • Characterization of Caspases from Lepidoptera and their role in Apoptosis. (mpg.de)
  • Caspases are a family of calcium -dependent cysteine proteases , which play essential roles in apoptosis (programmed cell death), necrosis and inflammation . (wikidoc.org)
  • Caspases are essential in cells for apoptosis , one of the main types of programmed cell death in development and most other stages of adult life, and have been termed "executioner" proteins for their roles in the cell. (wikidoc.org)
  • this coupled with the unwanted apoptosis that occurs with ischaemia or Alzheimer's disease , has boomed the interest in caspases as potential therapeutic targets since they were discovered in the mid 1990s. (wikidoc.org)
  • The exact contribution that the cleavage of many caspase substrates makes to the biochemistry and morphology of apoptosis is unclear. (wikidoc.org)
  • The importance of caspases to apoptosis and programmed cell death was originally established by Robert Horvitz and colleagues who found that the ced-3 gene was required for the cell death that took place during the development of the nematode C. elegans . (wikidoc.org)
  • Polymorphisms in the apoptosis-associated genes FAS and FASL and risk of oral cancer and malignant potential of oral premalignant lesions in a Taiwanese population. (cdc.gov)
  • it promotes cell death by binding to and inhibiting INHIBITOR OF APOPTOSIS PROTEINS, resulting in an increase in activity of CASPASES. (bvsalud.org)
  • The cone-enriched apoptotic protease caspase-7 ( Casp7 ) is thought to be triggered by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and plays a pivotal role in mice deficient in the cone cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, a deficiency that causes achromatopsia in humans and in mice with autosomal dominant rhodopsin mutations, in particular the T17M mutation. (molvis.org)
  • The disease is often caused by mutations in rod photoreceptor (PR) specific genes resulting in initial loss of night vision. (molvis.org)
  • Understanding the underlying cause of secondary cone death may allow for the development of treatments that are applicable to all individuals with mutations in rod-specific genes. (molvis.org)
  • The high HCC4 score group shows a higher frequency of mutations in genes TP53, RB1 and TSC1/2, as well as increased activity of cell-cycle, glycolysis and hypoxia signaling pathways, higher cancer stemness score, and lower lipid metabolism activity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mutations in the HTRA2 gene are associated with Type 13 PARKINSON DISEASE. (bvsalud.org)
  • Zettner MA, Flor S, Ludewig G, Wagner J, Robertson LW, Lehmann L. Quinoid metabolites of 4-monochlorobiphenyl induce gene mutations in cultured Chinese hamster v79 cells. (who.int)
  • Injury-induced cytochrome c -specific cleavage of caspase-9 followed by activation of caspase-3 in mature brain correlated with marked increases in Apaf-1 and caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression. (jneurosci.org)
  • For a caspase-9-specific test, 5 μg of pcWNV-Cp-DJY or pcWNV-CpWT was cotransfected with a dominant negative caspase-9 (DN caspase-9) construct, and cleavage of procaspase-9 protein was determined by Western blot analysis with antihuman caspase-9 antibody (MBL, Nagoya, Japan). (cdc.gov)
  • As such it will recognize pro Caspase-3 and the large subunit cleavage fragment. (thermofisher.com)
  • It is the predominant caspase involved in the cleavage of amyloid-beta 4A precursor protein, which is associated with neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease. (thermofisher.com)
  • In addition, the cleavage and activities of caspase‑8 and caspase‑3 were inhibited by HPC while reversed by knockdown of miR‑133b‑5p. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Upon caspase-3/7 cleavage, Ac-DEVD-AFC generates the AFC fluorophore which has bright blue fluorescence and can be detected at Ex/Em=380 nm/500 nm. (eurogentec.com)
  • Huntingtin contains a few domains that suggest particular functions, including WW domains and caspase cleavage sites ( 7 , 8 ), but the function of the protein remains unknown. (jci.org)
  • A synthetic peptide corresponding to a region of the caspase-3-induced cleavage site of human Rb was used as immunogen. (novusbio.com)
  • The cleavage and inactivation of ICAD/DFF45 by a caspase allows CAD to enter the nucleus and fragment the DNA, causing the characteristic 'DNA ladder' seen in apoptotic cells. (wikidoc.org)
  • Active caspase-9, in turn, activates executioner caspases-3 and -7. (jneurosci.org)
  • That protein cleaves and activates caspases 3 and 7, and the protein itself is processed by caspase 8. (wikipedia.org)
  • This protein cleaves and activates caspases 6, 7 and 9, and the protein itself is processed by caspases 8, 9 and 10. (thermofisher.com)
  • the apoptosome (regulated by cytochrome c and the Bcl-2 family ) which activates caspase-9 . (wikidoc.org)
  • Caspase-3 cleaves Rb into 48 and 68kDa fragments. (novusbio.com)
  • They are called cysteine proteases , because they use a cysteine residue to cut those proteins, and are called caspases because the cysteine residue cleaves their substrate proteins at specific asparagine residues. (wikidoc.org)
  • Caspase-10 is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the CASP10 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • CASP2 , CASP8 , CASP9 and CASP10 ) cleave inactive pro-forms of effector caspases, thereby activating them. (wikidoc.org)
  • Here we demonstrate that, during brain maturation, the potential of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway is progressively reduced and that such repression is associated with downregulation of apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) and caspase-3 gene expression. (jneurosci.org)
  • These results suggest that differential expression of Apaf-1 and caspase-3 genes may underlie regulation of apoptotic susceptibility during brain development, as well as after acute injury to mature brain, through the intrinsic pathway of caspase activation. (jneurosci.org)
  • Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- κ B) inhibits cell death through suppression of the caspase cascade, the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. (nature.com)
  • 2019). Both genes encoding matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9, Log2 FC = -1.44) and CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta (CEBP, Log2 FC = 0.60) had been involved inside the IL-17 signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway (Sup. (caspaseinhibitor.com)
  • Acts upstream of or within regulation of gene expression and toll-like receptor signaling pathway. (nih.gov)
  • Though inducing more significantly pyroptosis by activating Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway, OP-B relieved DDP resistance of A549 cells. (researchsquare.com)
  • The activation of classical and non-classical pathway is separately dependent on Caspase-1 or Caspase-4/5/11 (6, 7). (researchsquare.com)
  • combined BI2536 (an inhibitor of PLK1) with cisplatin (DDP) to treat ESCC cells and found the combination of two drugs had a synergistic effect on tumor inhibition and resulted in pyroptotic death of cancer cells by Caspase-3/GSDME pathway. (researchsquare.com)
  • We performed differential transcriptomic analysis between control metamorphosing larvae and larvae treated with the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk in order to explore the transcriptional control of apoptotic cells on neighbouring cells that survive and migrate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • LRRFIP2 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by recruiting the caspase-1 inhibitor Flightless-I, thus outlining a new mechanism for negative regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome. (nih.gov)
  • Initiator caspases possess a longer prodomain than the effector caspases, whose prodomain is very small. (wikidoc.org)
  • The prodomain of the initiator caspases contain domains such as a CARD domain (e.g. caspases-2 and -9) or a death effector domain (DED) (caspases-8 and -10) that enables the caspases to interact with other molecules that regulate their activation. (wikidoc.org)
  • This allows them to autoactivate, so that they can then proceed to activate the effector caspases. (wikidoc.org)
  • This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase) family. (wikipedia.org)
  • Horvitz and his colleague Junying Yuan [2] found in 1993 that the protein encoded by the ced-3 gene was a cysteine protease with similar properties to the mammalian interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme (ICE) (now known as caspase 1) which at the time was the only known caspase. (wikidoc.org)
  • caspases (e.g. caspase-3, -6, and -7) in a cascade-like manner, which cleave key cellular proteins that lead to the morphological changes associated with apoptotic cell death. (enzolifesciences.com)
  • Given that ROS accumulation and necrotic cell death enhance inflammation followed by compensatory proliferation of tumor cells, selective suppression of caspase-dependent ROS accumulation will be an alternative strategy to protect cells from ROS-dependent DNA damage and compensatory tumor progression. (nature.com)
  • Certain CQA derivatives dramatically decreased several markers of inflammation, including NF-kappa-B, which regulates many genes that affect the process through the production of important enzymes. (sciencedaily.com)
  • 2018). LPS stimulation intensity could drastically influence the gene expression profile and polarization state of macrophages. (caspaseinhibitor.com)
  • Compared with short exposure (2 h) to LPS, quick exposure (184 h) to LPS increases the expression of M2-related genes, including the tyrosine protein kinase MER and arginase in macrophages (Chen et al. (caspaseinhibitor.com)
  • The expression of this gene is regulated by interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide. (cancerindex.org)
  • Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancerindex.org)
  • SWCNT also induced significant increase in the expression levels of c-Jun, ßIGH3, and CD44 genes. (cdc.gov)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are endogenous, single-stranded, small (approximately 22 nucleotides in length) noncoding RNA molecules that play an important and ubiquitous role in regulating genes expression. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • MiRNAs typically bind to the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of their mRNA targets and downregulate gene expression via mRNA degradation or translational inhibition ( 8 - 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Gene expression and cytokine/chemokine secretion were assessed by real-time PCR and multiplex assay, respectively. (karger.com)
  • We observed a downregulation in the expression of genes involved in host response, such as TNF signaling, IL-1β production, and phagosome formation in Mφ, and phosphatidylinositol signaling and TNF signaling in PMNs, being in line with the ability of the pathogen to survive within phagocytes. (frontiersin.org)
  • The dominant discovery in these experiments indicates that there is a heterologous expression of certain genes in plants that can regulate cell death. (essaywriter.org)
  • Cell morphological feature, mitochondrial membrane potential, LDH release rate, production of IL-1β and expression of Caspase-1/GSDMD all showed that pyroptosis happened more significantly in A549/DDP cells than that in A549 cells after OP-B treatment. (researchsquare.com)
  • Furthermore, microarray analysis was also utilized to characterize the effects of fluoride in gene expression profiling on mice sperm. (fluoridealert.org)
  • The results showed that Tau treatment induced the decrease of TUNEL-positive cells, prohibited the disturbance of Bcl-2 and Bax expression, and inhibited Cyt C release and caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation significantly. (springer.com)
  • Effects of this therapy were evaluated histologically, and by immunohistochemical and gene expression assays. (lu.se)
  • METHODS: We obtained gene expression profiles of patients with HCC from 20 independent cohorts available in public databases. (bvsalud.org)
  • The data presented is normalized to the expression of Rpl32 , a housekeeping gene. (cdc.gov)
  • the expression of specific CNS enzyme (enolase), proinflammatory cytokines MIF and apoptotic marker caspase-3 in the umbilical blood of infants delivered for Covid positive mothers. (who.int)
  • Microarray profiling of hypothalamic gene expression changes in Huntington's disease mouse models. (lu.se)
  • Constant together with the transcriptome evaluation of PAMs activated by LPS, down-regulated genes involving cytokine ytokine receptor interaction recommended their crucial function in cellular activation (Liu et al. (caspaseinhibitor.com)
  • While caspase-dependent signals emitted by apoptotic cells start to be characterised, almost no target genes are identified in receptor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The use of CD20 as suicide gene was investigated in CMV specific T cells and in T cells genetically modified with an antigen specific T-cell receptor. (haematologica.org)
  • T-cell receptor (TCR) gene transfer is an attractive strategy for rapid in vitro generation of high numbers of antigen specific T cells. (haematologica.org)
  • They are first synthesized as inactive pro-caspases , that consist of a prodomain, a small subunit and a large subunit. (wikidoc.org)
  • The antibody recognizes an epitope in the large domain subunit of Caspase-3. (thermofisher.com)
  • Activated Caspase-1/4/5/11 catalyze GSDMD to cleave into GSDMD-N and GSDMD-C fragments, and GSDMD-N can bind and form pores at cell membrane, so as to lead pyroptosis and release IL-1β and IL-18 to extracellular environment (8, 9). (researchsquare.com)
  • Upregulation of miR‑133b‑5p contributes to HPC‑mediated cardioprotection in cardiomyocytes, and the mechanism may be associated with inhibition of caspase‑8 and caspase‑3 apoptotic signaling. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • LRRFIP2 negatively regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages by promoting Flightless-I-mediated caspase-1 inhibition. (nih.gov)
  • [ 8 ] Caspase inhibition in clonal striatal cells showed no correlation between the reduction of aggregates in the cells and increased survival. (medscape.com)
  • Consistent with the results using c-Flip −/− MEFs, we found that TNF α stimulation induced caspase-dependent prolonged JNK activation and ROS accumulation, followed by apoptotic and necrotic cell death in various tumor cells. (nature.com)
  • Caspases exist as inactive proenzymes that undergo proteolytic processing at conserved aspartic residues to produce two subunits, large and small, that dimerize to form the active enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fluoride exposure also significantly elevated the protein expressions of cytochrome c and active caspase-3. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Furthermore, cytochrome c (Cyt C) release, and the activity of caspase-8 and caspase-3 were also determined. (springer.com)
  • The first genetic defect was described in 1995 by the discovery of the FAS gene mutation. (medscape.com)
  • Casp7 knockout mice were crossed to two different RP mouse models with significantly different rod and cone death kinetics: the rd1 mouse model, which carries a mutation in the Pde6b gene, and the rhodopsin knockout mouse model ( Rho-KO or Rho -/- ). (molvis.org)
  • We have recently shown that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α induces caspase-dependent and -independent JNK activation and ROS accumulation in cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-Flip) −/− murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). (nature.com)
  • The retinoblastoma gene product (Rb) is a tumor suppressor protein and acts as cell cycle regulator. (novusbio.com)
  • DN caspase-9 (provided courtesy of Emad S. Alnmeri, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA) has been reported to inhibit the caspase cascade ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • This is because they are inflammatory caspases, which in concert with CASP1 , are involved in cytokine maturation. (wikidoc.org)
  • A short recovery period of 6h of cells from SWCNT exposure resulted in reversal of caspase-3 and caspase-7, and a partial reversal of PARP-1 activation. (cdc.gov)
  • The activation of PARP-1, caspase-3, and caspase-7 was only partially diminished after a recovery of 6h from the exposure to crocidolite. (cdc.gov)
  • The results of this study show that the molecular mechanism for raw SWCNT-mediated toxicity in BEAS-2B cells is through the activation of caspase-3, caspase-7, and PARP-1. (cdc.gov)
  • The activation of caspase‑8 and caspase‑3 were measured by western blot analysis to detect the cleaved fragments as well as a colorimetric assay. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Organic solvent-induced proximal tubular cell toxicity via caspase-3 activation. (cdc.gov)
  • According to GO analysis, catalytic activity (259 genes) in molecular function, membrane (190 genes) and membrane element (186 genes) within the HDAC6 custom synthesis cellular element, and cellular method (122 genes) inside the biological process were one of the most enriched ontology terms (Supplementary Figure 3A). (caspaseinhibitor.com)
  • When caspase activity was impaired, genes known to be involved in metamorphosis were downregulated along with other implicated in cell migration and survival molecular pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Molecular remission of infant B-ALL after infusion of universal TALEN gene-edited CAR T cells. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • [ 7 ] More recent data from striatal neuronal cultures transfected with mutant huntingtin and transgenic mice carrying the spinocerebellar ataxia-1 (SCA-1) gene (another CAG repeat disorder) suggest that NIIs may not be necessary or sufficient to cause neuronal cell death, but translocation into the nucleus is sufficient to cause neuronal cell death. (medscape.com)
  • Macrophage Migration Inhibiting Factor, Enolase and Caspase-3 as Indicators of Neuronal Insult in Newborns of COVID-19 Positive Mothers. (who.int)
  • Both caspase-3 and caspase-7 have substrate selectivity for the amino acid sequence Asp-Glu-Val-Asp (DEVD). (eurogentec.com)
  • Kadeyala PK, Sannadi S, Gottipolu RR (2013) Alterations in apoptotic caspases and antioxidant enzymes in arsenic exposed rat brain regions: reversal effect of essential metals and a chelating agent. (springer.com)
  • Ultimately cancer cells died with the induction of two specific enzymes, caspase-3 and caspase-8, de Mejia said. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Full-length recombinant human caspase-3 protein was used as immunogen. (thermofisher.com)
  • Explore the normal functions of human genes and the health implications of genetic changes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A Varying Coefficient Model to Jointly Test Genetic and Gene-Environment Interaction Effects. (nih.gov)
  • A comprehensive characterization of the caspase gene family in insects from the order Lepidoptera. (mpg.de)
  • Cloning and characterization of a serine/threonine protein phosphatase2A-encoding gene IbPP2A1 from Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • The following product was used in this experiment: Active/Pro-Caspase 3 Monoclonal Antibody (31A1067) from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # MA1-91637, RRID AB_1954999. (thermofisher.com)
  • Western Blot analysis of (A) RAW264.7 and (B) NIH-3T3 cell lysate using Active/Pro-Caspase 3 Monoclonal Antibody (31A1067) (Product # MA1-91637). (thermofisher.com)
  • Accumulating evidence in many metazoans suggest that apoptotic cells can emit caspase-dependent signals to their neighbours, modulating their fate (survival/death, differentiation or proliferation) or behaviour (migration) [ 12 , 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although human CD20 has previously been described as functional selection marker and suicide gene after retroviral transfer to T lymphocytes, 9 , 10 the specificities of these T cells were unknown, and therefore a potential effect of CD20 on antigen-specific T-cell functions could not be investigated. (haematologica.org)
  • Attenuated huntingtin gene CAG nucleotide repeat size in individuals with Lynch syndrome. (lu.se)
  • However, the function of ICAD/DFF45 is to restrain the enzyme CAD (Caspase Activated DNase). (wikidoc.org)
  • We identified 24 common genes that were significantly altered in both PMNs and PBMCs, including genes involved in IFN signaling that were downregulated after treatment in both cell populations, and IL1R1 that was upregulated. (frontiersin.org)
  • Thus, identifying a specific caspase as part of a cell death mechanism can give insights into the underlying cause for cell death. (molvis.org)
  • Thus, this kit can measure caspase-3/7 activity in cell culture directly in a 96-well or 384-well plate without a time-consuming cell extraction step. (eurogentec.com)
  • Therefore, there is need for fundamental distinction between the different types and functions of genes that are involved in anti-cell death in plants. (essaywriter.org)
  • The main aim of this paper is to review the pathways that lead to cell death in plants with a purpose of identifying the anti-cell death genes. (essaywriter.org)
  • At the end of the discussion, significant insights will be developed to paint a picture of the emerging trends in plant development with respect to the topical research on anti-cell death genes. (essaywriter.org)
  • Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) is a well-established suicide gene that has been successfully used to control GvHD following donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. (haematologica.org)
  • We investigated the use of human CD20 as suicide gene in T-lymphocytes. (haematologica.org)
  • Co-transfer of a suicide gene would provide a desirable safety switch in clinical TCR gene therapy. (haematologica.org)
  • Human CD20 has been proposed as non-immunogenic protein with a dual function as selection marker and suicide gene. (haematologica.org)
  • We want to investigate whether the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the Ang2 gene can predict the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). (medsci.org)
  • Hint for association of single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotype in SPINK5 gene with atopic dermatitis in Koreans. (medscape.com)
  • Caspase 3/7 activity was detected by luminescence assay. (karger.com)
  • Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants that encode the same protein. (thermofisher.com)
  • Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified for this gene. (cancerindex.org)