• The Drosophila retinoblastoma protein, Rbf1, induces a debcl and drp1 -dependent mitochondrial apoptosis. (sdbonline.org)
  • This study demonstrates that debcl and the pro-fission gene drp1 are necessary downstream of buffy to trigger a mitochondrial fragmentation during rbf1 -induced apoptosis. (sdbonline.org)
  • Notably, Debcl modulates Drp1 mitochondrial localization during apoptosis. (sdbonline.org)
  • These results provide a mechanism by which Drosophila Bcl-2 family proteins can control apoptosis and shed light on a link between Rbf1 and mitochondrial dynamics, in vivo. (sdbonline.org)
  • Mitochondrial porin , also known as the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), is a multi-functional channel protein that shuttles metabolites between the mitochondria and the cytosol and implicated in cellular life and death decisions. (sdbonline.org)
  • Intracellular insults can initiate neuronal apoptosis via mitochondrial dysfunction or intrinsic pathway (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interestingly, cell death regulators also regulate many other cellular processes prior to a death stimulus, including neuronal activity, mitochondrial dynamics and energetics. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • In addition, Bcl-2 family proteins have normal physiological roles in regulating mitochondrial fission/fusion and mitochondrial energetics to facilitate neuronal activity in healthy brains. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Activates the Inflammasome via NLRP3- and Caspase-2-Driven Mitochondrial Damage. (umassmed.edu)
  • Furthermore, Tan IIA-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential changes were also further demonstrated by DNA fragmentation, single-cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE), and flow cytometry methods. (hindawi.com)
  • Mitochondrial regulation of apoptosis further downstream was investigated, showing changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release into the cytoplasm, and enhanced activation of cleaved caspase-3 and Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). (hindawi.com)
  • The intrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated in response to a variety of stress signals ( Willis and Adams, 2005 ), and a complex interplay of Bcl-2 proteins relays this signal to the mitochondrial outer membrane (OM) to initiate Bak and Bax activation, oligomerisation and OM damage ( Fig. 1 ). (biologists.com)
  • Breaching the mitochondrial OM releases apoptogenic factors, including cytochrome c and DIABLO (also known as Smac), which activate a group of aspartate-specific proteases known as caspases ( Youle and Strasser, 2008 ). (biologists.com)
  • However, in certain cell types, the extrinsic pathway also induces mitochondrial damage by cleaving the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family protein Bid to its activated truncated form (tBid), which leads to Bak and Bax activation. (biologists.com)
  • The current development of anti-cancer agents that target the Bcl-2 protein family is showing considerable promise, although how this targeting triggers Bak and Bax to perform their crucial function of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilisation (MOMP) is not clear. (biologists.com)
  • The inhibition of porin under the control of neuronal Ddc-Gal4 result in short lifespan and in an age-dependent loss in locomotor function, phenotypes that are strongly associated with Drosophila models of Parkinson disease . (sdbonline.org)
  • Fig. 2: Inhibition of EGLN1 promotes RIPK1 activation. (nature.com)
  • In this area, our recent research has included studying cutaneous shave biopsies for diagnosing primary colonic adenocarcinoma as well as growth inhibition and apoptosis in human brain tumor cell lines using selenium. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • The anticancer activity of red ginseng is higher than that of white ginseng due to the production of active anticancer ginsenosides during the steaming process, resulting in apoptosis/paraptosisinduction and angiogenesis inhibition. (novapublishers.com)
  • These data indicate that the inhibition of autophagy promotes apoptosis as described for herpes simplex computer virus 1 and mouse herpesvirus 68 [41]. (immune-source.com)
  • In comparison, the inhibition of autophagy reduced the phrase amounts of ATG protein in the tissue targeted by NDV. (immune-source.com)
  • The main biological activity of staurosporine is the inhibition of protein kinases through the prevention of ATP binding to the kinase. (ncats.io)
  • Staurosporine induces apoptosis by multiple pathways and that the inhibition of more than one kinase is responsible for its potent activity. (ncats.io)
  • Potential molecular mechanism supporting this synergistic effect was assessed with emphasis on determining whether the combination treatment enhanced inhibition of the anti-apoptotic signal transducers Akt and NF-kB leading to increased activation of caspase mediated apoptosis. (rgcb.res.in)
  • 8] Caspase inhibition in clonal striatal cells showed no correlation between the reduction of aggregates in the cells and increased survival. (medscape.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is activated by proteolytic cleavage during caspase-mediated apoptosis, and may play a role in regulating the apoptotic events in the dying cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • PAK2-mediated phosphorylation of merlin at S518 modulates its tumor suppressor activity, c-Jun phosphorylation at T2, T8, T89, T93 and T286 contributes to the growth of growth factor-stimulated melanoma cells, Caspase-7 phosphorylation at S30, T173 and S239 inhibits apoptotic activity in breast cancer cells, Paxillin phosphorylation at S272 and S274 activates ADAM10 protease, and STAT5 phosphorylation at S779 modulates BCL-ABL-mediated leukemogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • In accordance with its tumor suppressor role, the Retinoblastoma protein pRb can ensure pro-apoptotic functions. (sdbonline.org)
  • It has been previously shown that rbf1 pro-apoptotic activity depends on its ability to decrease the level of anti-apoptotic proteins such as the Bcl-2 family protein Buffy. (sdbonline.org)
  • We have shown that anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins can be converted into killer molecules (Science 278:1966-8, 1997), that Bcl-2 family proteins interact with regulators of caspases and regulators of cell cycle check point activation (Molecular Cell 6:31-40, 2000). (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Kamber Kaya HE, Ditzel M, Meier P, Bergmann A. An inhibitory mono-ubiquitylation of the Drosophila initiator caspase Dronc functions in both apoptotic and non-apoptotic pathways. (umassmed.edu)
  • Our contributions to elucidating the mechanisms of apoptosis led to clinical investigation of a novel class of molecules called Pro-Apoptotic Receptor Agonists, and aided in the advancement of apoptosis-promoting cancer medicines such as venclexta. (gene.com)
  • There was also no translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria to the nucleus in apoptotic keratinocytes, indicating Tan IIA-induced apoptosis occurs mainly through the caspase pathway. (hindawi.com)
  • Protein and gene expression of apoptotic signaling pathway-related proteins such as caspase-3, cytochrome c, and PARP were determined to provide evidence for the mechanisms of action of Tan IIA in the treatment of psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
  • 2018 ). NLRP3 inflammasome is composed of NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) pyrin domain-containing 3), ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain) and procaspase-1, subsequently amplifying the production and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, apoptotic and pyroptotic cell deaths(Zhong et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By contrast, the extrinsic apoptotic pathway can activate caspases without the participation of mitochondria. (biologists.com)
  • Our results revealed that H2O2 increased the rate of apoptosis by stimulating various pro-apoptotic processes, such as the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Furthermore, C3G regulated the intrinsic apoptotic pathway-associated proteins, such as proteins belonging to the Bcl-2 family, cytochrome c and caspase-3. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • TBI-induced microglial activation and the release of inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL), and interferon (IFN), cause direct neuronal cell death and also induce vascular endothelial cells to express a variety of cell adhesion molecules and cell chemotaxis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During hypoxia, an intricate balance exists between factors that induce or counteract apoptosis, or even stimulate proliferation. (bmj.com)
  • In research, staurosporine is used to induce apoptosis. (ncats.io)
  • Staurosporine might be considered as a prototype neurotropic drug in view of its ability to induce neurite outgrowth and to increase tau protein levels. (ncats.io)
  • Moreover, combinatorial strategy dramatically lowered the inhibitory concentration of Taxol to induce a cytotoxic response, suggesting that Curcumin may have potential for use in combination regimens with Taxol. (rgcb.res.in)
  • Indeed, the principal adipocytes isolated from obese mice could induce antigen-specific Compact disc4+ T cell activation (58). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • indicated that ATMs colocalized with T cells in lymphoid clusters within adipose tissue and may act as APCs, which express high levels of MHCII and also costimulatory molecules and process and present antigens to induce CD4+ T-cell proliferation and activation in adipose tissue of obese mice (29, 68, 105). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Accordingly, the neuroprotective mechanism of Rg1 is related to the activity that inhibits myosin IIA-actin interaction and the caspase-3/ROCK1/MLC signaling pathway. (ijbs.com)
  • High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, an important mediator in late inflammatory responses, interacts with transmembrane receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and toll-like receptors (TLRs) to activate downstream signaling pathways, such as the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway, leading to a cascade amplification of inflammatory responses, which are related to neuronal damage after TBI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the effects of ω-3 PUFA on HMGB1 expression and HMGB1-mediated activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway are not clear. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Immunofluorescent staining and western blot analysis were used to detect HMGB1 nuclear translocation, secretion, and HMGB1-mediated activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway to evaluate the effects of ω-3 PUFA supplementation and gain further insight into the mechanisms underlying the development of the neuroinflammatory response after TBI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, ω-3 PUFA supplementation inhibited microglial activation and the subsequent inflammatory response by regulating HMGB1 and the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results of this study suggest that microglial activation and the subsequent neuroinflammatory response as well as the related HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway play essential roles in secondary injury after TBI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, ω-3 PUFA supplementation inhibited TBI-induced microglial activation and the subsequent inflammatory response by regulating HMGB1 nuclear translocation and secretion and also HMGB1-mediated activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, leading to neuroprotective effects. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Oxidative stress-induced cytoskeletal dysfunction of neurons has been implicated as a crucial cause of cell apoptosis or death in the central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. (ijbs.com)
  • The current study is to reveal the regulatory effects of Rg1 on cytoskeletal and morphological lesion in oxidative stress-induced neuronal apoptosis. (ijbs.com)
  • The MIN6 pancreatic β-cells were used to investigate the cytoprotective effects of C3G on the oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Taken together, our results suggest that C3G isolated from mulberry fruit has potential for use as a phytotherapeutic agent for the prevention of diabetes by preventing oxidative stress-induced β-cell apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • PAK2 kinase activity is stimulated by transforming growth factor β in fibroblasts, by proteinase inhibitor alpha2-macroglobulin binding to GRP78 in prostate cancer cells, by its phosphorylation by AMP-activated protein kinase in stem and cancer cells and eryptosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • To this end, the authors generated a transgenic rat line expressing baculovirus p35, a broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor, in central neurons. (asahq.org)
  • Apoptosis was partially blocked by the caspase-3 inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO. (hindawi.com)
  • Dorsomorphin dihydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) (K i = 109 nM). (tocris.com)
  • It is a potent, cell permeable protein kinase C inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.7 nM. (ncats.io)
  • The results demonstrated that pre-treatment with Rg1 (0.1-10 μM) attenuated hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 )-induced neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress through reducing the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) level. (ijbs.com)
  • More recently, we've turned our attention to an intracellular signaling network dubbed the unfolded protein response (UPR). (gene.com)
  • Glycans, either alone or complexed with glycan-binding proteins, can deliver intracellular signals or control extracellular processes that promote initiation, execution and resolution of cell death programs. (nature.com)
  • RCAN1 is upregulated by stress factors, such as protein aggregates, elevated intracellular calcium, oxidative stress, and glucocorticoid, prevents excess and dangerous over-activation of calcineurin. (molcells.org)
  • Apoptosis regulatory proteins are delicately balanced. (bmj.com)
  • Of particular interest to our group are the mechanisms by which Bcl-2 family proteins and other factors regulate programmed cell death, particularly in the nervous system, in cancer and in virus infections. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • In this Commentary, we discuss the implications of these findings for the regulation of apoptosis by Bcl-2 family proteins. (biologists.com)
  • The expression of human α-synuclein transgene in neuronal populations that include dopamine producing neurons under the control of Ddc -Gal4 produces a robust Parkinson disease model, and results in severely reduced lifespan and locomotor dysfunction. (sdbonline.org)
  • Editorial: Glial heterogeneity: impact on neuronal function and dysfunction. (unil.ch)
  • Repetitive apneic episodes disrupt the normal physiologic function and trigger sympathetic activation, vascular endothelial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, inflammation, increased platelet aggregability, and metabolic dysregulation. (hindawi.com)
  • The characteristics of heart failure involve progressive left ventricular dysfunction and loss of cardiomyocytes via necrosis or apoptosis [55]. (city-made.com)
  • In our recent studies, the major pathways leading to the activation of the cleavage of caspase 3 and PARP, resulting in cardiac dysfunction[47, 57, 58]. (city-made.com)
  • The selective neuronal dysfunction and subsequent loss of neurons in the striatum, cerebral cortex, and other parts of the brain can explain the clinical picture seen in cases of HD. (medscape.com)
  • PAK2 is cleaved through activated caspase-3 in fibroblast and cancer cells exposed to ultraviolet, hyperosmotic shock, and ionizing radiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Insulin stimulation of neuronal cells also antagonizes PAK2 kinase activity, leading to an increased glucose uptake. (wikipedia.org)
  • There is a signal crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis, which may be regulated to produce synergistic effect on the preconditioning of stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the later generations, when telomeres are short, cells die via apoptosis or senescence. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Apoptosis and other forms of cell death are required for trimming excess, expired and damaged cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • We have reported that many insults can trigger cells to activate a cellular death pathway (Nature, 361:739-742, 1993), that several viruses encode proteins to block attempted cell suicide (Proc. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • The UPR normally helps secretory cells to resolve issues with 3D shaping of newly synthesized proteins. (gene.com)
  • We have discovered that the key UPR enzyme IRE1 is hijacked by certain cancer cells to avert apoptosis and resist proteotoxic stress. (gene.com)
  • Several years later, Kerr and co-workers 2 defined the morphological changes in cells undergoing this process, also known as apoptosis. (nature.com)
  • Effects via Activation of Dendritic Cells and Regulatory T Cells. (novapublishers.com)
  • In his study, 3T3 cells and Peptide binding is strongly linked to Heat shock protein, which falls under the umbrella field of Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase. (research.com)
  • The aim of the present investigation was to elucidate the cellular mechanisms whereby Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro in keratinocytes, the target cells in psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, based on clinical experience as well as cytotoxic activity against multiple human cancer cells, we hypothesized that induction of apoptosis is the underlying mechanism for the treatment of psoriasis. (hindawi.com)
  • Piperlongumine inhibited inflammatory mediators and adherence of lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 to MH-S cells following TDM activation. (chemnews-japan.com)
  • In this study, we investigated the role of autophagy and apoptosis in Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-infected chicken cells and tissues. (immune-source.com)
  • In bottom line, we confirmed that autophagy brought about by genotype VII NDV infections was important for virus-like replication, NDV-induced apoptosis, and cell survival in buy 480-11-5 chicken cells and tissues. (immune-source.com)
  • Apoptosis of tumor cells increased significantly as concentration of cocultured TD-MSCs increased. (immune-source.com)
  • A hypoxic environment devoid of nutrients prevents the cell undergoing energy dependent apoptosis and cells become necrotic. (bmj.com)
  • Cells adapt to this environmental stress, so that after repeated periods of hypoxia, selection for resistance to hypoxia induced apoptosis occurs. (bmj.com)
  • 7 Severe hypoxia in the presence of energy stimulates cells to undergo apoptosis, whereas oxygen levels above 0.5% prevent cell death. (bmj.com)
  • Dorsomorphin dihydrochloride also inhibits bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptors (ALK2, ALK3 and ALK6), promotes cardiomyogenesis in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro and promotes neural differentiation of hPSCs as part of a chemical cocktail. (tocris.com)
  • Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry is commonly used to analyze biological molecules such as proteins, peptides and lipids from cells or tissue. (koreascience.kr)
  • Activation of Typical T Cells in Adipose Tissues Compact disc4+ Purpureaside C T Cell Activation TCRs recognize the current presence of a particular antigen by binding to brief peptide sequences in the antigen that's shown on APCs. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • These brief peptide sequences in the antigen are often presented over the cell surface area of APCs by using MHCII substances, which are necessary for activation of Compact disc4+ T cells (102). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • CD8+ T Cell Activation Compared to CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells show a greater increase in adipose tissue in obesity and in aging (31, 43, 106). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of C3G isolated from mulberry fruit against the H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis of MIN6N pancreatic β-cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. (springer.com)
  • AMPK pathways inhibit biosynthetic pathways with energy consumption, such as protein, fatty acid and glycogen synthesis. (springer.com)
  • In the present review, the role of Jak/STAT proteins and their regulators will be discussed in connection with osteoclastogenesis, since growing evidence indicates that a number of cytokines and growth factors utilizing Jak/STAT signaling pathways affect osteoclastogenesis. (koreascience.kr)
  • Recent studies on the involvement of the G12 family of heterotrimeric G proteins (Gα12 and Gα13, the products of the GNA12 and GNA13 genes, respectively) in oncogenic pathways have uncovered a link between G12. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In separate work, my team identified a set of secreted proteins overexpressed in the tumor microenvironment, and developed antibodies to block their cognate receptors for therapeutic gain. (gene.com)
  • Protein phosphorylation of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) is central to the myriad of functions that these ubiquitous receptors perform in biology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Excitotoxicity refers to the neurotoxic effect of excitatory amino acids in the presence of excessive activation of postsynaptic receptors. (medscape.com)
  • The application of neuroprotectants rescuing the neurons from cytoskeletal damage and apoptosis can be a potential treatment for these CNS diseases. (ijbs.com)
  • These behavioral upturns were associated with increased intact neurons (Nissl stain) and a reduction in OVX/D-Gal-mediated hippocampal CA1 neurodegeneration and astrocyte activation assessed as GFAP immunoreactivity. (fue.edu.eg)
  • The potential association of SUG-induced alteration in cholesterol homeostasis with oxidative stress and apoptosis activation buy cheap prednisone online the fact that resistance/sensitivity to oxidative stress may likely differ between brain regions and neuronal cell types, potential neurons-astrocytes interactions, as well as modulation by pathological mechanisms such as inflammation, all represent new research windows that deserve further studies. (city-made.com)
  • Its conductance is increased in response to hypoxia, isotonic stress, NMDA R activation, and Caspase-3 and -7 activation during apopotosis. (rndsystems.com)
  • The pathophysiological characteristics of AD depend on the location and severity of neuropathology, which is derived from the comprehensive effect of different mechanisms such as autophagy, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and immunoregulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Innate or acquired resistance to small molecule BRAF or MEK1/2 inhibitors (BRAFi or MEKi) typically arises through mechanisms that sustain or reinstate ERK1/2 activation. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • Understanding the regulation of apoptosis during hypoxia and the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis might lead to more specific treatments for solid tumours. (bmj.com)
  • Several mechanisms of neuronal cell death have been proposed for HD, including excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, impaired energy metabolism, and apoptosis. (medscape.com)
  • Helios modulates the maturation of a CA1 neuronal subpopulation required for spatial memory formation. (neurotree.org)
  • Inhibits AMPK activation induced by AICAR (Cat. (tocris.com)
  • These effects were mediated via the down-regulation of caspase-3, ROCK1 (Rho-associated kinase1) activation and myosin light chain (MLC, Ser-19) phosphorylation. (ijbs.com)
  • Tan IIA inhibited proliferation of mouse keratinocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner and induced apoptosis, resulting in S phase arrest accompanied by down-regulation of pCdk2 and cyclin A protein expression. (hindawi.com)
  • The pathological characteristics of AD are exhibited by the extracellular plaques of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides and the hyper-phosphorylation of tau protein in neurofibrillary tangles [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, we confirmed that H2O2 activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The key regulator of this process, hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), can initiate apoptosis by inducing high concentrations of proapoptotic proteins, such as BNIP3, and can cause stabilisation of p53. (bmj.com)
  • Pannexin-1 cooperates with P2X7 for inflammasome activation, Caspase-1 activation, and the release of mature IL-1 beta and also regulates T cell activation at the immunological synapse. (rndsystems.com)
  • The contents of inflammasome proteins were gradually increased after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). EA stimulus attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome mediated inflammatory reaction and regulated the balance between proinflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast, α7nAChR antagonist reversed not only the neuroprotective effects, but also the inhibitory effects of NLRP3 inflammasome and the regulatory effects on the balance between proinflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The gene contains 15 exons and generates three alternatively spliced transcripts - two of which code proteins of 524 amino acids and 221 amino acids, while the third one is a 371-bp non-coding RNA transcript(Gene from review) There are two transcripts generated from the murine PAK2 gene, a 5.7-kb transcript coding a 524 amino acids long polypeptide and a 1.2-kb long non-coding RNA transcript. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prolonged hypoxia promotes the activation of RIPK1 kinase by modulating its proline hydroxylation, independent of the TNFα-TNFR1 pathway. (nature.com)
  • Our findings illustrate a key role of the EGLN-pVHL pathway in suppressing RIPK1 activation under normoxic conditions to promote cell survival and a model by which hypoxia promotes RIPK1 activation through modulating its proline hydroxylation to mediate cell death and inflammation in human diseases, independent of TNFR1. (nature.com)
  • Apoptosis can be induced in response to hypoxia. (bmj.com)
  • These findings suggest that neuronal apoptosis after cardiac arrest is not primarily initiated by activation of caspases. (asahq.org)
  • In this study, we examined the cytoprotective effects of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) isolated from mulberry fruit against pancreatic β-cell apoptosis caused by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Under oxidative stress, the effects of maltol on cell viability, apoptosis, and neurite outgrowth were assessed. (molvis.org)
  • At 50-100 nM, it is a functional neurotrophin agonist, promoting neurite outgrowth in neuroblastoma, pheochromocytoma and brain primary neuronal cultures. (ncats.io)
  • Eui Ju Choi works on Cell biology which deals in particular with p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases. (research.com)
  • and the intrinsic pathway, which is activated by cellular stress and is regulated primarily at the level of mitochondria by the Bcl-2 family of proteins ( Fig. 1 ). (biologists.com)
  • Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein MLKL causes necrotic membrane disruption upon phosphorylation by RIP3. (nature.com)
  • NM23-H1 (also known as NME1) was the first identified metastasis suppressor, which displays a nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) and histidine protein kinase activity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As such, inhibiting proline hydroxylation of RIPK1 promotes RIPK1 activation to trigger cell death and inflammation. (nature.com)
  • TBK1 suppresses RIPK1-driven apoptosis and inflammation during development and in aging. (nature.com)
  • Assessment of microglial activation in lesioned sites and protein markers for proinflammatory, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, and HMGB1 were used to evaluate neuroinflammatory responses and anti-inflammation effects of ω-3 PUFA supplementation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At 0.2- 1 uM, staurosporine induces cell apoptosis. (ncats.io)
  • It has been found that one way in which staurosporine induces apoptosis is by activating caspase-3. (ncats.io)
  • It was found that ω-3 PUFA supplementation inhibited TBI-induced microglial activation and expression of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ), reduced brain edema, decreased neuronal apoptosis, and improved neurological functions after TBI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Additionally, mRNA expression of caspase 3 was upregulated with increased concentration of TD-MSCs. (immune-source.com)
  • In the first stage of weight problems induced by HFD, raised free of charge essential fatty acids will be the initial stimulus for adipocyte hypertrophy and MHCII-related gene upregulation, possibly via activation of JNK and STAT1, which Purpureaside C may further activate CIITA, a prime regulator of MHCII expression (103, 104). (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Correlated with in vivo results, rhBMP-7 significantly reduced the expression of collagen type-I and -III by primary HSCs, which is considered as the major source of fibrillar collagens and of other ECM proteins (7, 38-40). (city-made.com)
  • Immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and western blot analysis were also used to determine apoptosis and the expression of proteins associated with apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Buffy often acts opposite to Debcl , the other Drosophila Bcl-2-family protein. (sdbonline.org)
  • Functional autophagy mitigates neuronal apoptosis, which is reflected by the alterations of IAPs, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and so forth. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Forasmuch, the therapeutic effect of transplanted BMMSCs can be enhanced by autophagy and/or apoptosis modulators. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We discuss here the contribution of glycan-lectin interactions to the initiation, execution and resolution of apoptosis and their emerging roles in other cell death programs including autophagy. (nature.com)
  • The concepts of his Autophagy study are interwoven with issues in Plasma protein binding, Computational biology and Bioinformatics. (research.com)
  • Prior analysis reported that a goose-source NDV stress, Herts/33 (genotype II) activated autophagy and function Vegfb of autophagy in NDV duplication and apoptosis in 1d outdated SPF hens. (immune-source.com)
  • Body 8 evaluation of rapamycin (Hip hop), chloroquine (CQ) and mock-treated poultry groupings contaminated with NDV To additional investigate the function of autophagy in apoptosis and and had been downregulated in the NDV-infected spleen, recommending that the spleen ignored the development of autophagosomes thereby. (immune-source.com)
  • Therefore, our results exhibited that autophagy was essential for NDV replication and apoptosis. (immune-source.com)
  • However, we could not demonstrate unique functions of autophagy and apoptosis in response to NDV contamination. (immune-source.com)
  • Fig. 3: EGLN1 regulates RIPK1 activation by hydroxylating RIPK1. (nature.com)
  • SIVA-1 regulates apoptosis and synaptic function by modulating XIAP interaction with the death receptor antagonist FAIM-L. Cell Death & Disease . (neurotree.org)
  • 7] More recent data from striatal neuronal cultures transfected with mutant huntingtin and transgenic mice carrying the spinocerebellar ataxia-1 (SCA-1) gene (another CAG repeat disorder) suggest that NIIs may not be necessary or sufficient to cause neuronal cell death, but translocation into the nucleus is sufficient to cause neuronal cell death. (medscape.com)
  • Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PAK2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two sets of primers were used for DNA amplification targeting the specific sequence of a 529 bp repeat element and another set of primers was utilised for the surface antigen protein-1 gene. (chemnews-japan.com)
  • A long pro-domain caspase that contains a caspase recruitment domain in its pro-domain region. (umassmed.edu)
  • Activation of this enzyme can occur via the interaction of its caspase recruitment domain with CARD SIGNALING ADAPTOR PROTEINS. (umassmed.edu)
  • The cell viability and apoptosis were determined by using adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling (TUNEL), respectively. (molvis.org)
  • Interestingly, rbf1 -induced apoptosis leads to a debcl - and drp1 -dependent Reactive Oxygen Species production, which in turn activates the Jun Kinase pathway to trigger cell death. (sdbonline.org)
  • Global cerebral ischemia is associated with delayed neuronal death. (asahq.org)
  • Its effects were evaluated on neuronal cell death and outcome after global cerebral ischemia. (asahq.org)
  • Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein mediates necrosis signaling downstream of RIP3 kinase. (nature.com)
  • His work deals with themes such as Apoptosis, Cell culture, Nitric oxide and Transactivation, which intersect with Molecular biology. (research.com)
  • His Cell biology research incorporates themes from Apoptosis, Biochemistry and Programmed cell death. (research.com)
  • I joined the department of Molecular Biology as Scientist in 1989, and my lab helped establish a technology to fuse biologically important proteins to antibody molecules. (gene.com)
  • The PAK proteins are a family of serine/threonine kinases that serve as targets for the small GTP binding proteins, CDC42 and RAC1, and have been implicated in a wide range of biological activities. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hepatocyte-specific Vhl deficiency promoted RIPK1-dependent apoptosis to mediate liver pathology. (nature.com)
  • The extent of gross striatal pathology, neuronal loss, and gliosis provides a basis for grading the severity of HD pathology (grades 0-4). (medscape.com)
  • Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in mechanism of MetF. (tocris.com)
  • Taken together, one important mechanism for obese adipose CD4+ T cell activation may be mediated through MHCII expressed on ATMs and adipocytes. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • The mechanism for CD8+ T cell activation in adipose tissue is not fully understood. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • The most striking neuropathology in HD occurs within the neostriatum, in which gross atrophy of the caudate nucleus and putamen is accompanied by selective neuronal loss and astrogliosis. (medscape.com)
  • His primary areas of investigation include Cell biology, Molecular biology, Kinase, Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase and ASK1. (research.com)
  • However, recent studies have suggested that BRAFi/MEKi and ERK1/2i resistance can arise through activation of a parallel signalling pathway leading to activation of ERK5, an unusual protein kinase that contains both a kinase domain and a transcriptional transactivation domain. (babraham.ac.uk)
  • His Signal transduction research is multidisciplinary, incorporating perspectives in Death-associated protein 6 and Cell fate determination. (research.com)
  • This led us to investigate a cell-suicide process called Apoptosis-which has important roles in normal physiology as well as in disease. (gene.com)
  • Caspase 2 plays a role in APOPTOSIS by cleaving and activating effector pro-caspases. (umassmed.edu)
  • Herein, we review the role of glycans and glycan-binding proteins as essential components of the cell death machinery during physiologic and pathologic settings. (nature.com)
  • However, its role in aging-related adipose tissue CD4+ T cell activation remains to be investigated. (exposed-skin-care.net)