Cardioprotective ischemic preconditioning myocardial. Medical search. Frequent questions

Ischemic heart disease including myocardial infarction develops on the basis of several risk-factors and comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. (nih.gov)
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is, at present, the most commonly used management strategy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with ST-segment elevations. (spandidos-publications.com)
For this purpose we used an in vivo rabbit model of acute myocardial infarction. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Our results demonstrate that desflurane-induced preconditioning against myocardial infarction in vivo exhibits a characteristic biphasic time pattern similar to ischemic preconditioning. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Classical (local) preconditioning has an early phase with an immediate onset lasting 2-3 hours that protects against myocardial infarction. (wikipedia.org)
The late phase with an onset of 12-24 hours that lasts 3-4 days and protects against both infarction and reversible postischemic contractile dysfunction, termed myocardial stunning. (wikipedia.org)
Cell death occurs and finally leads to myocardial infarction. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell apoptosis occurs, such as by activation of caspase-3 activity, and finally leads to myocardial infarction [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Treatments have primarily focussed on the vascular system and shown only moderate 10-20% reductions on major outcomes such as death or myocardial infarction. (umanitoba.ca)
These patients have fewer complications and a reduced mortality compared with those who have myocardial infarction without it. (asahq.org)
The administration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is emerging as a promising approach for I/R injury-induced myocardial infarction due to its multiple differentiation potential(7, 8). (researchsquare.com)
We aimed to summarize the evidence from randomized clinical trials studies examining the efficacy of ischemic postconditioning (IPost) in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. (dovepress.com)
Rapid, complete, and sustained reperfusion of the infarct-related coronary artery is a cornerstone in the treatment of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). (dovepress.com)
Heart failure and myocardial infarction are insulin-resistant states that are associated with a significant risk for either concurrently having or subsequently developing newly-onset diabetes [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In particular, perioperative myocardial infarction is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality after major non-cardiac surgery. (thebfr.co)
The increase in the incidence of ischaemic heart disease and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in both high- and lowincome countries necessitates the development of myocardial salvaging/protection interventions, to be applied alongside standard reperfusion therapies. (sun.ac.za)
1. Danesh Sani SH, Eshraghi A, Shahri B, Vejdanparast M. No-reflow phenomenon in patients with STelevation acute myocardial infarction, treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a study of predictive factors. (razavihospital.ir)
Intracoronary adenosine administered during percutaneous intervention in acute myocardial infarction and reduction in the incidence of "no reflow" phenomenon. (razavihospital.ir)
6. Brosh D, Assali AR, Mager A, Porter A, Hasdai D, Teplitsky I, Rechavia E, Fuchs S, Battler A, Kornowski R. Effect of no-reflow during primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction on six-month mortality. (razavihospital.ir)
14. Ross AM, Gibbons RJ, Stone GW, Kloner RA, Alexander RW, Investigators A-I. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter trial of adenosine as an adjunct to reperfusion in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMISTAD-II). (razavihospital.ir)
13. Sakaguchi K, Hattori R, Yui Y, Takatsu Y, Susawa T, Yui N, Nonogi H , Tamaki S, Kawai C: Altered platelet alpha 2 adrenoreceptor in acute myocardial infarction and its relationship to plasma catecholamine concentrations. (fiercecert.com)
Despite substantial declines in mortality following myocardial infarction (MI), subsequent left ventricular remodeling (LVRm) remains a significant long-term complication. (researchgate.net)
In an acute model of myocardial infarction, transplanted hypoxic MSCs showed a significantly improved survival as compared with hypoxic MSCs overexpressing miR-206. (biomedcentral.com)
Also, overexpression of Pim-1 inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis and protected mice from infarction injury, which revealed the potential cardioprotective role of Pim-1. (biomedcentral.com)

Ischemic preconditioning, postconditioning, and remote conditioning trigger endogenous cardioprotective mechanisms that render the heart more resistant to lethal ischemic-reperfusion injury. (nih.gov)
Ischemia reperfusion injury and cardioprotection by conditioning have been shown to affect global myocardial gene expression profile at the transcript level. (nih.gov)
Increases in knowledge have revealed that the common pathophysiological scenario, myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury, including ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) forms of injury, results in depressed myocardial function and harmful morphological alterations, which may lead to heart failure ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In rodents, Bbeta(15-42) inhibits proinflammatory cytokine release and is cardioprotective during ischemia-reperfusion injury. (bris.ac.uk)
Ischaemic reperfusion injury (IRI) after tourniquet release during total knee arthroplasty (TKR) is related to postoperative cerebral complications. (medsci.org)
Tourniquet release during the late period of TKR can induce ischaemic-reperfusion injury, eliciting the activation of neutrophils, circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, and reactive oxygen species [ 2 , 3 ]. (medsci.org)
Effects of monophosphoryl lipid A on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in dogs. (doximity.com)
This likely contributed to the increased cardiac myocyte viability observed after ischemia-reperfusion injury in isolated FGF-2 transgenic mouse hearts, representing the first account of the cardioprotective potential of endogenous FGF-2. (umanitoba.ca)
Ischemic preconditioning and anesthetic preconditioning (APC) are reported to decrease myocardial infarct size during ischemia-reperfusion injury. (asahq.org)
Diabetes causes suppressed glucose oxidation leading to inefficient energy production, enhanced fatty acid metabolism, and increased susceptibility to myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. (biomedcentral.com)
However, clinical and preclinical results using various cardioprotective strategies to attenuate reperfusion injury have generally not been applicable for every day clinical practice. (eurekaselect.com)
Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors including sildenafil and vardenafil induce powerful preconditioning-like cardioprotective effect against ischemia/reperfusion injury through opening of mitochondrial K(ATP) channels in the heart. (nih.gov)
Both sildenafil and vardenafil protect the ischemic myocardium against reperfusion injury through a mechanism dependent on mitochondrial K(ATP) channel opening. (nih.gov)
Research done in animals shows that treatment with NAD+ precursors like NMN have cardioprotective effects against ischemia/reperfusion injury (4). (prohealth.com)
The authors carried out tests on an animal model to investigate the individual and combined effects of melatonin and NMN on myocardial function, mitochondrial activity, and oxidative stress status following ischemia/reperfusion injury in aged rat hearts. (prohealth.com)

The role of glycogen depletion prior to prolonged ischemia was examined as a potential mechanism of ischemic preconditioning. (utmb.edu)
Preconditioned hearts received 5 min of ischemia followed by a 5-min recovery period prior to the 40-min ischemic period. (utmb.edu)
In this article, we present real-time NO dynamics in the myocardium during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) utilizing electrochemical NO microsensor. (intechopen.com)
To provide in vivo evidence that DJ‑1 is involved in the delayed cardioprotection induced by ischemic preconditioning (IPC) against oxidative stress caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), the present study subjected male Sprague‑Dawley rats to IPC (3 cycles of 5‑min coronary occlusion/5‑min reperfusion) 24 h prior to I/R (30‑min coronary occlusion/120‑min reperfusion). (spandidos-publications.com)
IPC involves single or multiple brief periods of sublethal ischemia, which increase myocardial resistance to a greater subsequent insult. (spandidos-publications.com)
The phenomenon of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) describes an endogenous protective mechanism resulting in increased tolerance of tissues against ischemia. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
The aim of the current study was to investigate wether desflurane-induced preconditioning exhibits a biphasic time The phenomenon of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) describes an endogenous protective mechanism resulting in increased tolerance of tissues against ischemia. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
REPERFUSION of the myocardium after sustained ischemia induces myocardial cell necrosis and apoptosis, resulting in increased infarct size despite the restoration of coronary blood flow. (silverchair.com)
and is an intrinsic process through which repeated short episodes of ischemia are instituted to protect the myocardium against subsequent ischemic insults [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The uncoupling of glycolysis and glucose oxidation induces lactate accumulation during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. (biomedcentral.com)
This is important in the setting of myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) due to high energy demands and low energy reserves. (biomedcentral.com)
MGF-2 is a growth factor that is naturally present in the heart as well as cardiac myocytes and possesses growth promoting and cardioprotective properties, which make it an important therapeutic tool for reducing or preventing damage by ischemia and/or improving cardiac prognosis subsequent to cardiac injury. (umanitoba.ca)
Clinically, beneficial effects of GLP-1 have also been demonstrated in patients with myocardial ischemia and heart failure. (biomedcentral.com)
While the heart is capable of utilizing a variety of available substrates to generate adenosine triphosphate, this metabolic flexibility is compromised under circumstances in which the heart is stressed, particularly by myocardial ischemia. (biomedcentral.com)
Protection of the ischemic myocardium is known to occur as a result of ischemic preconditioning (PC), in which repetitive brief periods of ischemia protect the heart from a subsequent prolong ischemic insult. (eurekaselect.com)
10. Sasayama S, Nonogi H , Asanoi H, Yamanishi K, Kawai C: Effects of nifedipine on pacing-induced ischemia:modification of regional myocardial function and coronary hemodynamics. (fiercecert.com)
15. Nakamura Y, Sasayama S, Nonogi H , Miyazaki S, Fujita M, Kihara Y, Konishi T, Kawai C: Effects of pacing-induced ischemia on early left ventricular filling and regional myocardial dynamics and their modification by nifedipine. (fiercecert.com)
During myocardial ischemia (lack of blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart, commonly referred to as a "heart attack"), blood flow is interrupted because of damage to one or more of the coronary blood vessels that irrigate the heart. (prohealth.com)

In addition, IPC reduced LDH and CK‑MB release, attenuated myocardial infarct size, improved cardiac function following I/R, and inhibited the elevation of ROS and MDA and the decrease in activities of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GPx. (spandidos-publications.com)
brief cycles of coronary occlusion/ reperfusion) reduces myocardial infarct size. (bvsalud.org)
Myocardial infarct size was assessed by triphenyltetrazolium staining. (silverchair.com)
MG53 KO mice lack IPC-mediated cardioprotection as evidenced by a failure of IPC to reduce IR-induced myocardial infarct size. (biomedcentral.com)
The accumulation of cardiac lactate was attenuated by PLCA during myocardial I/R, and infarct size was smaller in rats treated with PLCA (1 mg/kg) than in those treated with caffeic acid (1 mg/kg). (biomedcentral.com)
Facilitation of glucose utilization contributes to the protective effect of AKT signaling to reduce infarct size and improve myocardial function in a heart subjected to I/R [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
PSELT improved the post-ischemic contractile recovery, reducing infarct size and LDH release with and without the ERS inducer tunicamycin (TM). (unical.it)
Both Rp-8-CPT-cAMPs and wortmannin significantly increased infarct size when administered before 1/ 2-AR preconditioning or at the onset of reperfusion while it reduced mechanical recovery during reperfusion. (sun.ac.za)
PTX pretreatment had no significant effect on the reduction in infarct size induced by 1/ 2-AR or 2-AR preconditioning, however it reduced mechanical recovery in the latter. (sun.ac.za)
The NOS inhibitors had no effect on the reduction in infarct size induced by 1/ 2-AR preconditioning, but depressed mechanical function during reperfusion. (sun.ac.za)
For the end point infarct size, estimated by biomarkers of myocardial necrosis, an overall pooled effect was SMD =−0.58, 95% CI: −0.96 to −0.19. (dovepress.com)
3 In 2003, Zhao and et all published experimental data demonstrating a considerable reduction of infarct size by a reperfusion procedure termed ischemic postconditioning (IPost), consisting of brief, repetitive cycles of reperfusion and reocclusion, followed by sustained reperfusion. (dovepress.com)
5-HD blocked the cardioprotective effects of sildenafil and vardenafil as shown by an increase in infarct size (34.0+/-1.1% and 28.3+/-1.9%, respectively). (nih.gov)

The results imply that the cardioprotection of ischemic preconditioning cannot be explained solely by myocardial glycogen depletion. (utmb.edu)
Our previous study revealed that hypoxia preconditioning of H9c2 cardiomyocytes significantly increased the de novo synthesis of DJ-1 and induced cardioprotection against prolonged hypoxic injury 24 h later ( 17 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, therefore, identification of novel drug targets for cardioprotection is of great importance. (nih.gov)
Further understanding and the comprehensive analysis of the cardioprotective gene expression fingerprint in normal, protected, and in comorbid conditions may lead to identification of novel molecular targets for cardioprotection. (nih.gov)
Cardioprotection includes all mechanisms and means that contribute to the preservation of the heart by reducing or even preventing myocardial damage. (wikipedia.org)
Cardioprotection encompasses several regimens that have shown to preserve function and viability of cardiac muscle cell tissue subjected to ischemic insult or reoxygenation. (wikipedia.org)
Cardioprotection includes strategies that are implemented before an ischemic event (preconditioning, PC), during an ischemic event (perconditioning, PerC) and after the event and during reperfusion (postconditioning, PostC). (wikipedia.org)
Conclusions: The cell-permeable PSELT is able to induce pharmacological preconditioning cardioprotection by mitigating ERS and oxidative stress, and by regulating endogenous SELENOT. (unical.it)
Chronic FGF-2 overexpression was associated with increased "local" FGF-2 release resulting in augmentation of kinases linked with ischemic preconditioning, angiogenesis and cardioprotection. (umanitoba.ca)
the respective roles of the A1-, A2-, A3-adenosine receptors as well as the involvement of the PI3-K/PKB/Akt and ERKp44/p42 signal transduction pathways, in the cardioprotective phenomemon of -adrenergic preconditioning and (iv) the contribution of the mitochondrial KATP channels (mKATP), reactive oxygen species and NO to the mechanism of -AR-induced cardioprotection. (sun.ac.za)
One such area of interest is the ability to modulate myocardial glucose uptake and its impact on cardioprotection. (biomedcentral.com)
Cardioprotection by remote ischaemic preconditioning. (thebfr.co)

Although the mechanisms of ischemic preconditioning and APC are thought to be similar, it is not known whether the beneficial effects of APC are also reduced in the aged myocardium. (asahq.org)
In the ischemic myocardium, an increase in glucose uptake and subsequent ATP generated through glycolysis helps to sustain myocardial electric and mechanical performance, maintains cellular ultrastructure, promotes myocardial recovery. (biomedcentral.com)
The injured myocardium develops an evolving dependence on glucose as its preferred metabolic substrate while development of myocardial insulin resistance is associated with the progression of heart failure and increased incidence as well as severity of the damaged hearts. (biomedcentral.com)
Previous studies have shown controversial results of the protective effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RICP) on ischemic myocardium in different patient populations during cardiac surgery. (gov.rs)

Insulin, glucose and potassium (GIK) are touted as useful metabolic adjuvant, associated with improvement of cardiac function in acute myocardial function, but the general acceptance of this therapeutic approach is limited by requirements for concomitant infusion of glucose and concerns regarding hypoglycemia. (biomedcentral.com)
Oxygen free radicals in ischemic acute renal failure in the rat. (razavihospital.ir)
Cardioprotective effect of remote ischemic preconditioning during surgical revascularization in acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation. (gov.rs)
The aim of this study was to assess effects of remote ischemic preconditioning on early outcomes in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery (CABG) following acute coronary syndrome without persistent ST segment elevation (NSTEMI ACS). (gov.rs)

In a retrospective study, the relationships between the time of day the animals were sacrificed, pre-ischemic myocardial glycogen content, and post-ischemic functional recovery were assessed in non-conditioned and ischemically preconditioned hearts. (utmb.edu)
However, time of day did not correlate significantly with post-ischemic recovery of heart rate x developed pressure (HR x DP) or end-diastolic pressure (EDP) in either the non-conditioned or preconditioned hearts. (utmb.edu)
However, there were no significant differences between p.m. (n = 13) and a.m. (n = 9) non-conditioned hearts with respect to post-ischemic recovery of HR x DP (20.6 ± 4 v 12.0 ± 4% of baseline, respectively, P = N.S.). In contrast, preconditioned-p.m. (n = 6) and -a.m. (n = 7) had pre-ischemic glycogen contents of 49.6 ± 6 and 76.6 ± 5.0 nmol glucose/mg protein, respectively. (utmb.edu)

PLCA at 1 μM and metformin at 30 μM exerted similar effects on the improvement of cell viability and the alleviation of cell apoptosis in NRVM after H/R. PLCA promoted p-AMPK, p-AKT, and GLUT4 upregulation to induce a cardioprotective effect in both cell and animal model. (biomedcentral.com)

These strategies can be further stratified by performing the intervention locally or remotely, creating classes of conditioning known as remote ischemic PC (RIPC), remote ischemic PostC and remote ischemic PerC. (wikipedia.org)

Desflurane induced a first window of preconditioning which lasted up to two hours after the cessation of the volatile anesthetic. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Furthermore, desflurane induced a second window of preconditioning, which was detectable after 24 hours and lasted up to 72 hours after administration of the volatile anesthetic. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Anesthetic preconditioning is mediated by beta-adrenergic signaling. (silverchair.com)
6,7 The mechanism of volatile anesthetic preconditioning (APC), although not fully understood, is believed to share similarities with IPC by activation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium (K ATP ) channels, particularly in the mitochondria. (asahq.org)

The mechanism of ischemic preconditioning remains unknown. (utmb.edu)
Volatile anesthetics are able to activate this mechanism of preconditioning. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Mechanism of -adrenergic preconditioning ( -PC) Ischaemic preconditioning (IPC), a potent endogenous protective intervention against myocardial ischaemia, is induced by exposure of the heart to repetitive short episodes of ischaemia and reperfusion. (sun.ac.za)
Accordingly, mechanism of enhancing myocardial energetic efficiency by stimulating glucose availability and utilization has led to the vigorous pursuit of therapeutic approaches designed to augment glucose uptake and oxidation. (biomedcentral.com)

The purpose of this study is to determine whether Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) reduces injury to the heart during heart-lung bypass surgery in combination with the newer technique of remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC). (druglib.com)
Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) has been shown to reduce perioperative myocardial injury (PMI) in patients having CABG even when cold blood cardioplegia or intermittent cross clamp fibrillation is used as cardioprotective measures. (druglib.com)
Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) is known to minimise IRI in previous studies. (medsci.org)
Meanwhile, the organ protective effect of ischaemic preconditioning could be induced when the episodic ischaemia is at distant tissues or organs, the concept being termed remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) [ 9 ]. (medsci.org)
The application of RIPC into clinical fields is more useful than ischaemic preconditioning because it is easy to apply briefly preceding ischaemia to distant organs such as the limbs. (medsci.org)

Previous studies have revealed that the delayed cardioprotective mechanisms underlying IPC are complex and involve upregulation of endogenous cardioprotective proteins and oxidative stress inhibition ( 5 - 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Asimakis, GK 1996, ' Myocardial glycogen depletion cannot explain the cardioprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning in the rat heart ', Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology , vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 563-570. (utmb.edu)
And applications of electrochemical NO sensor for the evaluation of cardioprotective effects of therapeutic treatments such as drug administration and ischemic preconditioning are reviewed. (intechopen.com)
Genetic and pharmacological studies have identified aldose reductase, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and Mn-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) as critical mediators of the antioxidative stress effects of late preconditioning ( 8 - 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Epigallocatechin‑3‑gallate (EGCG), the predominant catechin component of green tea, has been reported to have potential cardioprotective effects in primary cultures of cardiac myocytes exposed to I/R injury, mediated through inhibition of signal transducers and activators of transcription‑1 activity. (spandidos-publications.com)
The poor outcome amongst these patients has been attributed to the effects of the restoration of blood flow to previously ischemic tissue ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Ischemic preconditioning shows a characteristic biphasic time course consisting of an early first and a delayed second window of preconditioning separated by a period without cardioprotective effects. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
To test this hypothesis, we attempted to investigate whether TFs can exert its cardioprotective effect and the effects of TFs on miR-21 in H9c2 cells. (hindawi.com)
However, the beneficial effects of ischemic preconditioning have been shown to decrease with advancing age. (asahq.org)
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been reported to attenuate myocardial I/R injury via their paracrine effects, which can be enhanced by hypoxic preconditioning. (researchsquare.com)
These therapeutic effects can be further enhanced by hypoxic preconditioning. (researchsquare.com)
Researchers believe that the best approach would be to combine two or more agents that have different cardioprotective effects, such as melatonin and an NAD+ precursor like NMN. (prohealth.com)
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDIs) have important vascular and myocardial protective effects and thus have shown therapeutic usefulness in the clinical settings for treatment of patients with heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and coronary artery disease. (biomedjournal.com)

We aimed to investigate the effect of PLCA on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM) and on myocardial I/R in rats. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrated that hypoxia preconditioning enhanced the expression of Pim-1 kinase in MSCs in a time-dependent manner, as detected by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blot. (biomedcentral.com)

Evidence for the involvement of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel in a novel model of hypoxic preconditioning in dogs. (doximity.com)
We proposed that hypoxic preconditioning could increase survival of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via upregulation of Pim-1 and aimed to determine the microRNAs that modulate the expression of Pim-1. (biomedcentral.com)
Hypoxic preconditioning could increase short-term survival of bone marrow MSCs via upregulation of Pim-1, and miR-206 was one of the critical regulators in this process. (biomedcentral.com)
9 ] reported that hypoxic preconditioning increases survival of cardiac progenitor cells via upregulation of Pim-1, discovering a method for nongenetic modification of Pim-1 in stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)

This phase involves the synthesis of new cardioprotective proteins stimulated by nitric oxide (NO), ROS and adenosine acting on kinases such as PKCε and Src, which in turn activate gene transcription and upregulation of late PC molecular players (e.g., antioxidant enzymes, iNOS). (wikipedia.org)
KATP channels and memory of ischemic preconditioning in dogs: synergism between adenosine and KATP channels. (doximity.com)
The key mechanisms underlying myocardial I/R injury include increased intracellular calcium concentration, sudden generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, and development of metabolic acidosis. (researchsquare.com)
Adenosine, nicorandil and other agents have been already used as pharmacological mimetics of ischemic PC in multicenter trials. (eurekaselect.com)

This paper provides a review on the current evidence supporting the use of GLP-1 in experimental animal models and human trials with the ischemic and non-ischemic heart and discusses their molecular mechanisms and potential as a new therapeutic approach. (biomedcentral.com)
However, mitigation strategies to preserve cardiac function after an ischemic event have often only focused on individual therapeutic agents, and the results have not been ideal. (prohealth.com)

Additionally, it may clinically manifest with myocardial necrosis, cardiac arrhythmia, myocardial stunning and microvascular dysfunction ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

At present, pharmacological PC and PostC are possible alternative methods that may substitute pharmaceutical treatments the short ischemic insults. (eurekaselect.com)

However, major cardiovascular co-morbidities such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and their co-medications interfere with these cardioprotective mechanisms thereby limiting the efficacy of cardioprotective ischemic conditioning maneuvers. (nih.gov)
One study aimed to investigate the mechanisms potentially involved in promoting myocardial glycogenolysis through the activation of AMPK. (biotechpeptides.com)

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is an important endogenous adaptive phenomenon first described by Murry et al ( 1 ) in 1986. (spandidos-publications.com)
Ischaemic preconditioning describes the phenomenon where transient and brief ischaemia confers protection against a subsequent prolonged and injurious period of ischaemia. (medsci.org)
1 demonstrated the phenomenon in dogs, ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has been shown to occur in every mammalian species in which it has been investigated. (asahq.org)
Although the phenomenon of ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) is associated with the desired protective capacity, the necessity of its application before sustained ischaemia limits its clinical potential. (sun.ac.za)

Ensuring stable hemodynamics and balanced myocardial oxygen supply during OP-CABG are key issues that remain to be resolved. (clinicaltdd.com)
Conclusions: Treatment with RICP during CABG following NSTEMI ACS did not provide better myocardial protection and hemodynamics characteristics but further larger randomized studies are needed to prove its real value. (gov.rs)

an early phase occurring instantly and continuing for 3-4 h and a late (or delayed) phase occurring ~12 h after the preconditioning stimulus that may persist to 72 h ( 2 , 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
It is known that both, timing and repetition of the preconditioning stimulus, are central for producing the respective protection. (biomedcentral.com)

No effect was observed of helium preconditioning, postconditioning or the combination thereof on activation of p38 MAPK, ERK 1/2 or levels of HSP27 and PKC-ε in the human heart. (biomedcentral.com)

Ischaemic heart disease is a leading cause of mortality in the western world. (druglib.com)
A number of patients undergo coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery as treatment for ischaemic heart disease. (druglib.com)
Targeting p38-MAPK in the ischaemic heart: kill or cure? (kcl.ac.uk)
8-11 Volatile anesthetics are now being investigated as pharmacologic agents to precondition the heart during coronary artery bypass surgery, with both positive 12-14 and negative 15 results. (asahq.org)
Therefore, attenuating myocardial I/R injury during the heart transplant procedure would have a favorable impact on improving short- and long-term graft function and recipient's survival(6). (researchsquare.com)
Despite current optimal treatment, the morbidity and mortality of coronary heart disease remain significant worldwide and open the way for the development of novel cardioprotective therapies. (eurekaselect.com)
Most myocardial infarctions, commonly known as heart attacks, happen in people once they get older, and aging makes it more difficult to recover from this type of injury. (prohealth.com)
AICAR has been studied for its potentially protective properties post-heart attack, with researchers suggesting that the peptide may act by delaying the process of cell death through preconditioning. (biotechpeptides.com)

Results: Infarct sizes of hearts preconditioned with isoproterenol of formoterol were significantly smaller compared to those of non-preconditioned hearts. (sun.ac.za)
Helium preconditioning did not significantly alter the primary outcome (molecular levels of kinases PKC-ε and HSP-27, ratio of activated p38 MAPK or ERK ½). (biomedcentral.com)

All of these factors are known to result in myocardial apoptosis(5) and the acceleration of allograft rejection or chronic allograft dysfunction. (researchsquare.com)

However, it is not easy to apply ischaemic preconditioning in a clinical setting because brief organ ischaemia should be preceded after real ischaemic time [ 8 ]. (medsci.org)
Pre, intra and postoperative clinical parameters were compared but primary endpoint was myocardial injury reflected as the value of Troponin I (cTnI) measured preoperatively and 1, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72h postoperatively. (gov.rs)

Release of endogenous catecholamines and activation of the beta-adrenergic receptors (b-AR) have also been shown to be involved in ischaemic preconditioning. (sun.ac.za)

Considering that tourniquet application during TKR is related to ischaemic injury, the organ protective effect of ischaemic preconditioning can have a beneficial role after tourniquet release during TKR. (medsci.org)
The myocardial apoptosis and inflammation have been recognized as features of I/R injury. (hindawi.com)
We provide a new insight into this potential drug for the treatment of myocardial I/R injury. (biomedcentral.com)
GLP-1 has recently been demonstrated to be a more effective alternative in treating myocardial injury. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore the ability to reduce myocardial injury and other ischaemic complications of surgery holds great benefit. (thebfr.co)
[1] [2] It is currently being investigated as a protective agent against ischemic damage in the cardiac myocytes during cardiac injury. (biotechpeptides.com)

miR-21 was found to be highly deregulated in mouse cardiac tissue after cardiac ischemic preconditioning [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
For the study, the researchers performed tests to measure the condition of cardiac tissue before and after an ischemic event and after perfusion was re-established. (prohealth.com)

A total of 187 animals were used, and the peptide was compared with the free radical scavenger Tempol, CD18 antibody, alpha-C5 antibody, and the golden standard, ischemic preconditioning. (bris.ac.uk)

Both windows of protection were separated by a period without any cardioprotective effect. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
This noble gas induced cardioprotective effect was abolished on a cellular level by blockers of protein kinase C (PKC) and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a target of cardioprotective research due to its importance as a cofactor for several cellular metabolic reactions and because of its effect on preserving the proper function of mitochondria, the energy-generating structures of the cell. (prohealth.com)

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) was first reported in 1986 by Murry et al. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy11

Organisms13

Diseases24

Chemicals and Drugs155

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes30

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Health Care3

Infarction24

Reperfusion injury15

Ischemia18

Infarct size13

Cardioprotection12

Myocardium4

Acute4

Post-ischemic3

Induce1

Remote ischemic1

Anesthetic4

Mechanism4

RIPC5

Endogenous cardioprotective1

Effects12

Hypoxia2

Hypoxic4

Adenosine4

Therapeutic2

Necrosis1

Pharmacological1

Mechanisms2

Phenomenon4

Hemodynamics2

Stimulus2

Postconditioning1

Heart8

Significantly2

Dysfunction1

Clinical2

Beta-adrenergic1

Injury6

Tissue2

Antibody1

Effect3

19861