Cardiac injuries ischemia reperfusion. Medical search. Frequent questions

Danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous ligands released from renal tubular cells following ischemia/reperfusion injury that activate the complement system through the classical, lectin and alternative pathways. (nature.com)
Ischemia due to early hypoperfusion followed by ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) results in renal tissue damage 4 . (nature.com)
Studies of renal transplant recipients and patients undergoing cardiac surgery suggest that damage and inflammation caused by IRI and CPB is amplified by complement activation 4 . (nature.com)
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and hypertension also may be influenced by renal IR injury. (hindawi.com)
In two models of partial renal IR with and without ischemia preconditioning (IPC) and using Mas receptor (MasR) blockade, A779 or its vehicle, the renal vascular responses to angiotensin II (Ang II) administration in two-kidney-one-clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats were determined. (hindawi.com)
Kidney partial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is defined as a reduction of the renal blood flow (RBF) followed by the recovery of RBF and reoxygenation [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
IR promotes a cascade of molecular events that lead to renal vascular and tubular damage and, ultimately, acute kidney injury (AKI) [ 2 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is considered as a major cause of acute kidney injury. (frontiersin.org)
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common pathophysiological phenomenon in clinical settings. (frontiersin.org)
Wijeysundera et al sought to determine whether N-acetylcysteine is associated with increased blood loss and blood product transfusion in 89 patients with preexisting moderate renal insufficiency undergoing cardiac surgery. (medscape.com)
This paradox, known as the pH paradox, is the driving mechanism behind reperfusion injury following cardiac, renal or cerebral ischemia . (tocris.com)
has been demonstrated to attenuate renal ischemia‑reperfusion (I/R) injury. (spandidos-publications.com)
SA also attenuated renal I/R injury ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Viability of hiChol adult cardiac myocytes was significantly decreased and superoxide level was increased in normoxia and these changes were further aggravated by SI/R. HiChol combined with hyperglycemia further aggravated cell death, however level of oxidative stress increased only in normoxic condition. (nih.gov)
HiChol rat cardiac myocytes showed reduction of cell viability and increased oxidative stress, which were further aggravated by SI/R and with additional hyperglycemia. (nih.gov)
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage are major contributors to myocardial apoptosis during I/R injury. (wustl.edu)
However, harmful stimuli (such as ischemia-reperfusion, oxidative stress, and toxic chemicals) can change the direction and efficiency of intercellular mitochondrial transfer. (frontiersin.org)
Liang HW, Qiu SF, Shen J et al (2008) Genistein attenuates oxidative stress and neuronal damage following transient global cerebral ischemia in rat hippocampus. (springer.com)
In conclusion, the present study confirmed that GRh2 could reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiomyocytes after reperfusion, and its mechanism of action may be related to its regulation of the Nrf2/HO‑1/NLRP3 signalling pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
Meng X, Zhang L, Han B and Zhang Z: PHLDA3 inhibition protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory response via the Akt/Nrf2 axis. (spandidos-publications.com)
The authors carried out tests on an animal model to investigate the individual and combined effects of melatonin and NMN on myocardial function, mitochondrial activity, and oxidative stress status following ischemia/reperfusion injury in aged rat hearts. (prohealth.com)
Thus, inhibition of oxidative stress and myocardial apoptosis is beneficial in the treatment of myocardial I/R injury. (spandidos-publications.com)
This study investigated the effect of the trans-resveratrol supplementation on the cardiac oxidative stress in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. (bvsalud.org)
The supplementation of Trans-resveratrol attenuated the cardiac oxidative stress and increased the activity of catalase. (bvsalud.org)

Results Coronary arterial ischemia/reperfusion depressed cardiac microcirculation, induced ST-segment elevation and increased infarct size in non-PTP and PTP rats. (ntnu.edu.tw)
The rats in the IR group underwent 45 min partial kidney ischemia, and the animals in the IPC + IR group underwent two 5 min cycles of partial kidney ischemia followed by 10 min reperfusion and partial kidney ischemia for 45 min. (hindawi.com)
Here we investigated whether remifentanil postconditioning exerts neuroprotective effects against global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats and its potential mechanisms. (springer.com)
The results suggest that remifentanil postconditioning exhibits neuroprotective effects against global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats, and its mechanisms might involve inhibition of neuronal apoptosis through the PI3K pathway. (springer.com)
Wang JY, Shen J, Gao Q et al (2008) Ischemic postconditioning protects against global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury in rats. (springer.com)
Ren C, Yan Z, Wei D et al (2009) Limb remote ischemic postconditioning protects against focal ischemia in rats. (springer.com)
Ding ZM, Wu B, Zhang WQ et al (2012) Neuroprotective Effects of Ischemic Preconditioning and Postconditioning on Global Brain Ischemia in Rats through the same effect on inhibition of apoptosis. (springer.com)
Jeong S, Kim SJ, Jeong C et al (2012) Neuroprotective effects of remifentanil against transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. (springer.com)
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of TQ on spatial memory and hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) in rats with thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver injury and hepatic encephalopathy. (magiran.com)
The antioxidant activity of pistachios reduces cardiac tissue injury of acute ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in diabetic Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycaemic rats. (nuthealth.org)

We tested the hypothesis that 8-Br is also protective under clinically relevant conditions (regional ischaemia) when applied either before ischemia or at the beginning of reperfusion, and this effect is associated with the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP). (mdpi.com)
We hypothesize that SAHA protects the myocardium by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during I/R injury. (wustl.edu)
50% loss of mtDNA content in the border zones of mouse hearts, but SAHA pretreatment and reperfusion treatment alone reverted mtDNA content and mitochondrial mass to control levels. (wustl.edu)
Conclusions: SAHA prevents I/R induced-mitochondrial dysfunction and loss, and reduces myocardial ROS production when given before or after the ischemia. (wustl.edu)
Her subsequent work has explored the role of proteases and mitochondrial dysfunction in ischemia/reperfusion injury, and most recently, the importance of autophagy in mitigating reperfusion injury. (wikipedia.org)
Ischemia/reperfusion enhanced the cardiac O 2 - levels by enhanced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase gp91 expression, cytosolic cytochrome C release, and decreased mitochondrial Bcl-2 expression. (ntnu.edu.tw)
Cardiac cells that survive this first wave of injuries will often have their mitochondrial functions compromised, and this can lead to further dysfunction and even cellular death. (prohealth.com)

Hypercholesterolemia causes endothelial and myocardial dysfunction, as well as aggravates ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial injury. (nih.gov)
To investigate the effect and mechanism of simvastatin on myocardial injury in cardiac valve surgery with CPB. (hindawi.com)
Perioperative statin therapy reduced myocardial injury by regulating myocardial autophagy and activating the phosphorylation of AMPK. (hindawi.com)
Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were also used to evaluate the protective effect of GRh2 on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)‑induced myocardial injury in vitro. (spandidos-publications.com)

These protective effects may be associated with the inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation, as reflected by less TUNEL-positive cells and lower levels of serum proinflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α) and cardiac troponin I in the N-CM group compared with the vehicle group. (researchsquare.com)
In support of the integral involvement of NHE activity during organ ischemia, NHE1 inhibition has been shown to exert a protective effect during cardiac ischemia . (tocris.com)

Exercise protects cardiac mitochondria against ischemia-reperfusion injury. (musc.edu)
Her current projects are focused on the development of small-molecular cardioprotective agents for the treatment of reperfusion injury, mitochondria and stem cells in anthracycline-induced heart failure, rescue and role of complex I in myocardial ischemic injury, and microbial basis of cardiovascular disease. (wikipedia.org)
Chien, CY , Chien, CT & Wang, SS 2014, ' Progressive thermopreconditioning attenuates rat cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury by mitochondria-mediated antioxidant and antiapoptotic mechanisms ', Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery , 卷 148, 編號 2, 頁 705-713. (ntnu.edu.tw)
In pathological conditions, damaged cells transfer dysfunctional mitochondria toward recipient cells to ask for help and take up exogenous functional mitochondria to alleviate injury. (frontiersin.org)

Preconditioning with sevoflurane (SEV) may drive back ischemia-reperfusion injury in a number of organs, however, the advantages of SEV against acute lung injury (ALI), induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IIR), as well as the root mechanisms remain to become elucidated. (researchdataservice.com)
To understand the role of various inflammatory pathways in sepsis and SIRS using mouse models of Caecal Ligation and Puncture (CLP), Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and acute lung injury mouse models. (edu.au)

Patients with pre-existing CKD undergoing cardiac surgery are at higher risk of perioperative AKI compared to those without CKD. (nature.com)
Recent clinical studies have reported that using statins during the perioperative period can limit inflammation and oxidation, reduce cardiac muscle injury, and improve the patient's prognosis [ 2 - 4 ], but the dosage, duration, effects, and mechanisms associated with these outcomes are not clear. (hindawi.com)
However, few studies have revealed the effects of perioperative oral simvastatin on post-CPB changes in cardiac muscle autophagy or the influence of the degree of autophagy on postoperative cardiac function and prognosis [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
The present clinical randomized controlled trial explored the protective effect of perioperative simvastatin on cardiac muscle after CPB and the relationship of such effects to cardiomyocyte autophagy. (hindawi.com)
N-acetylcysteine is known to impair hemostasis when used for the prevention of perioperative inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion injury. (medscape.com)
The more than 6.5 million surgical records in this database have helped create surgical risk calculators and have led to improvements in perioperative care for cardiac surgery patients. (medscape.com)
The anesthesiology module now included in the Adult Cardiac Surgery Database (ACSD) component of the STS database, created through a partnership with the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists (SCA), will only further enhance perioperative care. (medscape.com)
In summary, available evidence from the present meta-analysis suggests that perioperative administration of dexmedetomidine in adult cardiac surgery might reduce the incidence of AKI. (medscape.com)

Aim 1 will investigate the mechanisms by which EPO protects the heart from injury following ischemiaand reperfusion. (grantome.com)
Conclusions PTP significantly reduced cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury by upregulating antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and antiautophagic mechanisms. (ntnu.edu.tw)
Both exercise-induced molecular mechanisms and physiological cardiac remodeling have been previously studied on a whole heart level. (researchgate.net)
The key mechanisms underlying myocardial I/R injury include increased intracellular calcium concentration, sudden generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, and development of metabolic acidosis. (researchsquare.com)
Apoptosis is one of the major mechanisms that lead to neuronal death after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. (springer.com)
The present study aimed to clarify the cardioprotective effect of SA in myocardial I/R injury in vitro and explore the potential molecular mechanisms. (spandidos-publications.com)
The underlying mechanisms behind myocardial I/R injury are associated with a number of factors, including substantial free radical production, intracellular calcium overload, increased inflammation, myocardial necrosis and apoptosis ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
To elucidate the cardioprotective mechanisms of mild hypothermia, we analyzed cardiac performance in a porcine model of ischemia/reperfusion, with serial cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging throughout one week using non-invasive pressure-volume loops. (lu.se)

Cardiac function and injury were determined by microcirculation, electrocardiography, and infarct size. (ntnu.edu.tw)
Specific absence of homeostatic, monocyte-independent macrophages altered the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury and induced proinflammatory neutrophil polarization, resulting in impaired cardiac remodelling without influencing infarct size. (elifesciences.org)
This augmented adverse remodelling after I/R and led to an increased infarct size and deterioration of cardiac function. (elifesciences.org)
In summary, resident macrophages orchestrate inflammatory responses improving cardiac remodelling, while recruited macrophages determine infarct size after I/R injury. (elifesciences.org)
Using state-of-the-art fate-mapping models and genetic and pharmacological targeting approaches, the authors provide solid evidence that the absence of resident macrophages do not influence infarct size but instead alter the immune cell crosstalk in response to injury. (elifesciences.org)
The volatile anesthetic desflurane (DES) effectively reduces cardiac infarct size following experimental ischemia/reperfusion injury in the mouse heart. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Aromatase metabolizes testosterone to 17b- estradiol (E2) and thereby significantly contributes The volatile anesthetic desflurane (DES) effectively reduces cardiac infarct size following experimental ischemia/reperfusion injury in the mouse heart. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Anastrozole blocked DES induced preconditioning and increased infarct size compared to DES alone (37.94615.5% vs. 17.163.62%) without affecting area at risk and systemic hemodynamic parameters following ischemia/reperfusion. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
BACKGROUND: Mild hypothermia, 32-35°C, reduces infarct size in experimental studies, potentially mediating reperfusion injuries, but human trials have been ambiguous. (lu.se)

This intervention limits neurologic injury associated with brain ischemia during a cardiac arrest and reperfusion injury associated with resuscitation. (medscape.com)

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been reported to attenuate myocardial I/R injury via their paracrine effects, which can be enhanced by hypoxic preconditioning. (researchsquare.com)

Coronary artery stenosis, resulting in impaired cardiac perfusion, ischemia, and the risk of myocardial infarction,is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the U. S. population. (grantome.com)
We measured the cardiac O 2 - amount in vivo in response to left anterior descending coronary artery ligation for 2 hours and reperfusion for 3 hours. (ntnu.edu.tw)
A rat model of myocardial I/R injury was constructed by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery, which was subsequently treated with GRh2. (spandidos-publications.com)
During reperfusion there was a consistent decrease in coronary flow to approx. (portlandpress.com)
During myocardial ischemia (lack of blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart, commonly referred to as a "heart attack"), blood flow is interrupted because of damage to one or more of the coronary blood vessels that irrigate the heart. (prohealth.com)

Abstract Compound Danshen Dripping Pills (CDDPs) have been used in clinical treatment to protect the heart from ischemia / reperfusion (IR) injury for many years. (bvsalud.org)

In heart transplantation, donor hearts inevitably suffer from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, which leads to primary graft dysfunction and affects patients' survival rate. (researchsquare.com)

Aims: The FDA-approved histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, Vorinostat) has been shown to induce cardiomyocyte autophagy and blunt ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury when administered at the time of reperfusion. (wustl.edu)
Gottlieb leads ongoing research focused on autophagy, mitophagy and biogenesis, with particular attention to the molecular basis of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and in developing ways to mitigate damage. (wikipedia.org)
We suggest PTP might efficiently diminish cardiac ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptosis and autophagy injury. (ntnu.edu.tw)
Cardiac injury activated ER stress-78-kDa glucose-regulated protein expression, increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cleaved caspase 3 expression and poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase fragments, leading to apoptosis formation, and promoted LC3-II expression, resulting in autophagy formation. (ntnu.edu.tw)
IR injury and inflammatory response can substantially activate cell autophagy [ 6 ], and autophagy has been demonstrated to play an important role in the pathologic process of cardiac muscle injury [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)

To estimate the group size, a pilot study was conducted for measuring the serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT) at 6 h after surgery in 10 patients who received statin and placebo treatment (ratio 1 : 1). (hindawi.com)
After analysis of full embryoid bodies (EBs) and cardiac marker (VCAM and cardiac troponin I) positive cells of three lines at 6 conditions (32 different conditions altogether), we found significant SI/R injury-induced cell death in both full EBs and VCAM+ cardiac cells at later stage of their differentiation. (nih.gov)

In 1994, Gottlieb described the occurrence of programmed cell death (apoptosis) in the ischemic and reperfused heart, and highlighted that programmed cell death taking place during reperfusion is a regulated process that might be blocked to salvage myocardium. (wikipedia.org)
Complement activation induces synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the membrane attack complex directly causes cell injury, apoptosis and necrosis, which in turn cause further complement activation and a vicious circle of inflammation and cell damage 4 . (nature.com)
We found remifentanil postconditioning markedly improved the spatial learning and memory as well as attenuated neuronal apoptosis in hippocampus caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. (springer.com)
Yuan Y, Guo Q, Ye Z et al (2011) Ischemic postconditioning protects brain from ischemia/reperfusion injury by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis through PI3K-Akt pathway. (springer.com)
In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that SA inhibits the apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes following H/R injury via reduced activation of the p38MAPK and JNK signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
The results demonstrated that SA inhibited apoptosis signaling in H9c2 cardiomyocytes via downregulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways following hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. (spandidos-publications.com)
Apoptosis evaluation showed that CDDPs significantly ameliorated the cardiac apoptosis level after IR. (bvsalud.org)

There is currently tremendous interest inunderstanding the endogenous responses to ischemia and infarction. (grantome.com)

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) causes systemic inflammatory response and ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. (hindawi.com)
However, CPB inevitably causes systemic inflammatory response and ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, which can negatively affect postoperative cardiac function and a patient's long-term prognosis [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

Cardiac myocytes isolated from neonatal or adult rat hearts were cultured in control or in three different hypercholesterolemic media with increasing cholesterol content (hiChol) or hiChol + hyperglycemic medium, respectively. (nih.gov)
Cholesterol uptake was tested by Filipin staining in neonatal cardiac myocytes. (nih.gov)
Neonatal cardiac myocytes took up cholesterol from the different hiChol media at a concentration-dependent manner. (nih.gov)
In normoxia, viability of hiChol neonatal cardiac myocytes was not significantly changed, however, superoxide levels were increased as compared to vehicle. (nih.gov)
After SI/R, the viability of hiChol neonatal cardiac myocytes was decreased and total ROS level was increased as compared to vehicle. (nih.gov)
This is the first demonstration that the combination of the current hypercholesterolemic medium and SI/R in cardiac myocytes mimics the cardiac pathology of the comorbid heart with I/R and hypercholesterolemia. (nih.gov)
Stem cell-derived cardiac myocytes are potential sources for testing cardiocytoprotective molecules against ischemia/reperfusion injury in vitro. (nih.gov)
Here we performed a systematic analysis of two different induced pluripotent stem cell lines (iPSC 3.4 and 4.1) and an embryonic stem cell (ESC) line-derived cardiac myocytes at two different developmental stages. (nih.gov)

Global cerebral ischemia followed by reperfusion, which leads to extensive neuronal damage, particularly the neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region. (springer.com)
The neuroprotective effects of remifentanil preconditioning against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury have been recently reported. (springer.com)
Global cerebral ischemia was performed via 10 min of four-vessel occlusion. (springer.com)
Moreover, some devices may selectively cool the brain primarily with less effect on core body temperature and thus more rapidly protect cerebral cells from ischemia/reperfusion injury. (medscape.com)

Included were 130 patients with valvulopathy who underwent surgery with CPB in the department of cardiac surgery at our hospital from February 2013 to December 2014. (hindawi.com)

Immature calcium handling in immature myocardium raises intracellular calcium concentrations after ischemia and reperfusion. (medscape.com)

Hydrogel delivery of purinergic enzymes improves cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. (amedeo.com)

Our investigation indicates that most of these studies examined endothelial progenitor cells, hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells, and a few others were about less-discussed types of stem cells such as cardiac stem cells, myeloblasts, and induced pluripotent stem cells. (magiran.com)

Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) occurs in ≥50% of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) 2 . (nature.com)
[ 1 ] Despite decades of efforts to promote cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) education and the introduction of automated external defibrillators, less than 50% of cardiac arrest (CA) victims achieve a return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and this percentage drops to 20% or less for those patients that live in rural areas or do not have an initial rhythm that can be defibrillated (e.g., pulseless electrical activity, PEA, and asystole). (medscape.com)

The production of antioxidant enzymes that scavenge free radicals in ischemic tissue is then impaired, thereby exacerbating the damage caused by these free radicals in the post ischemic reperfusion tissue. (frontiersin.org)

Simvastatin reduced the generation of autophagosomes and the ultrastructural injuries to myocardium. (hindawi.com)
Because of the increased ability of the immature myocardium to rely on anaerobic glycolysis, it can withstand ischemic injury better than adult myocardium can. (medscape.com)
However, whether GRh2 has a protective effect on ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) in the myocardium has yet to be elucidated. (spandidos-publications.com)
GRh2 reduced the area of myocardial infarction and the histological changes in the myocardium and improved cardiac functions. (spandidos-publications.com)
Restoration of blood supply, termed reperfusion, has been used to treat ischemic myocardium and prevent further tissue damage. (spandidos-publications.com)

Partial kidney ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is the principal cause of acute kidney injury. (hindawi.com)

In vitro, HL-1 cells (mouse cardiomyocytes) received chamber hypoxia-oxygenation reperfusion (H/R) for 24H4R with/without DLC1β plasmid, before collection for protein/mRNA analyses. (uwo.ca)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major concern following cardiac surgery and has the potential to significantly impact patient outcomes. (nature.com)

The nature and severity of abdominal injuries vary widely depending on the mechanism and forces involved, thus generalizations about mortality and need for operative repair tend to be misleading. (msdmanuals.com)

Furthermore, as cardiac IRI results in poor outcomes for the patient, we may be able to use research in this field to help future recipients. (uwo.ca)
Previous studies have shown that ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury acts as a significant role in PGD(4), contributing to adverse short- and long-term clinical outcomes in the recipients. (researchsquare.com)

Sun W, Wang Z, Sun M, Huang W and Wang Y and Wang Y: Aloin antagonizes stimulated ischemia/reperfusion-induced damage and inflammatory response in cardiomyocytes by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 defense pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)

Within two minutes of ischemia, extracellular pH can drop from about 7.3 to about 6.7. (benbest.com)

Elevations in the expression of this enzyme may help to explain the role of the ET system in the pathogenesis of ischaemia/reperfusion injury following cardiac surgery and transplantation. (portlandpress.com)
Adequate planning for specific patient variables and predictable problems often encountered in cardiac surgery, though essential, cannot fully eliminate the necessity of intervening and even urgently returning to CPB. (medscape.com)
Anesthesiologists will continue to play primary roles in optimizing patients' medical condition and safely guiding them through cardiac surgery with CPB. (medscape.com)

Aim 2 will investigate the role of HIF-1 in mediating adaptive responses to cardiac ischemiaand reperfusion. (grantome.com)
When blood flow is re-established (reperfusion), a series of inflammatory responses take place because of the damage sustained by the tissues affected by the previous lack of blood. (prohealth.com)

Reperfusion injury refers to the tissue damage inflicted when blood flow is restored after an ischemic period of more than about ten minutes. (benbest.com)

The "ischemia" phase of cardiac IRI occurs when the donor heart is being collected and blood/oxygen is not going to the heart. (uwo.ca)
Ischemia is characterized by deprivation of oxygen (hypoxia), metabolicsubstrates, and cytokines/survival factors, as well as accumulation of toxic metabolites. (grantome.com)
Ischemia is the condition suffered by tissues & organs when deprived of blood flow -- mostly the effects of inadequate nutrient & oxygen. (benbest.com)
The microvascular and parenchymal organ damage induced upon ischemia tissue reperfusion is mainly attributed to the reactive oxygen-free radicals, and it has been demonstrated in many organs. (frontiersin.org)
Persons with SCD produce abnormal hemoglobin that causes erythrocytes to become rigid and deform under low oxygen conditions, leading to ischemia-reperfusion injury in the microvasculature with subsequent organ damage and pain. (cdc.gov)

Despite the complexpathophysiology of ischemia, hypoxia alone is a sufficient stimulus to induce a variety of adaptive responsesthat protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury. (grantome.com)

Zhang Y, Irwin MG, Wong TM (2004) Remifentanil preconditioning protects against ischemic injury in the intact rat heart. (springer.com)

Cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs intra-operatively during heart transplantation (HTx), underpinning graft survival. (uwo.ca)
The conducted study focuses on how we can reduce injury to the heart during heart transplantation. (uwo.ca)
Cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs when transplanting a heart from donor to recipient. (uwo.ca)
By analyzing these questions, this research might be useful in humans to potentially reduce the rate of injury during heart transplantation. (uwo.ca)
The cAMP analogue 8-Br-cAMP-AM (8-Br) confers marked protection against global ischaemia/reperfusion of isolated perfused heart. (mdpi.com)
Cryonics patients frequently experience ischemic & reperfusion injury between the time when the heart stops and cryostorage begins. (benbest.com)
Therefore, attenuating myocardial I/R injury during the heart transplant procedure would have a favorable impact on improving short- and long-term graft function and recipient's survival(6). (researchsquare.com)
Once baseline function is achieved, we then we expose the heart to an ischemia-reperfusion injury and study how it performs. (ursinus.edu)
Most myocardial infarctions, commonly known as heart attacks, happen in people once they get older, and aging makes it more difficult to recover from this type of injury. (prohealth.com)
What Happens During a Heart Attack and Reperfusion Injury? (prohealth.com)
Reperfusion injury increases the damage done after events such as heart attacks. (prohealth.com)
In many cases, damage to heart tissue by reperfusion injury is greater than the damage done by the interruption of blood flow. (prohealth.com)
Herein, we suggest that CDDPs partially protect the heart from IR injury by enhancing autophagic flux through the activation of AMPK/mTOR. (bvsalud.org)

However, reperfusion following a period of prolonged ischemia can often cause myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, leading to damage of cardiac tissues ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Hemorrhage due to low-grade solid organ injury, minor vascular laceration, or hollow viscus laceration is often low-volume, with minimal physiologic consequences. (msdmanuals.com)

IPC is described as short, transient, and nonlethal ischemia periods and subsequent reperfusion which is performed before IR injury and can protect the kidney against long-term ischemia [ 6 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)

We conclude that desflurane efficiently regulates aromatase expression and activity which might lead to increased local estrogen synthesis and thus preserve cellular integrity and reduce cardiac damage in an acute myocardial infarction model. (uni-wuerzburg.de)

Ischemia and reperfusion can cause serious brain damage in stroke or cardiac arrest. (benbest.com)
In this article I attempt to evaluate the nature & extent of ischemic & reperfusion injury -- primarily focused on the impact for cryonics (although certainly relevant to stroke and cardiac arrest). (benbest.com)
Excessive glutamate release resulting in excessive Ca +2 entry into cells is the excitotoxicity which initiates the brain ischemic damage seen in stroke and cardiac arrest. (benbest.com)
Isolated rat hearts perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer were subjected to 30min of normothermic perfusion, then 4h of cardioplegic arrest at 4°C with St Thomas' Hospital solution, followed by reperfusion for 2h. (portlandpress.com)
In 2002, two randomized clinical trials demonstrated the benefit of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) on neurologically intact survival in patients who were cooled in-hospital for 12 to 24 hours to 32-34°C within few hours from ROSC following an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with ventricular fibrillation (VF) or ventricular tachycardia (VT) as first rhythm. (medscape.com)
In general, advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) guidelines should be followed in all cases of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). (medscape.com)

However, if we can understand how this damage happens, we may be able to develop strategies to avoid this injury in future. (uwo.ca)
Her research primarily focuses on the molecular basis of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and on developing ways to mitigate damage. (wikipedia.org)
Ischemia preconditioning (IPC) against IR also was recognized as a process to minimize the kidney damage caused by IR [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)

Cell viability in simulated ischemia/reperfusion (SI/R)-induced injury and a known cardiocytoprotective NO-donor, S-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) was tested. (nih.gov)

Taken together, CITED4 expression is necessary for exercise-induced regional remodeling of the heart's microstructural helicity revealing how a key molecular regulator of cardiac remodeling manifests into downstream local tissue-level changes. (researchgate.net)
Expression of transcription factor CITED4 is necessary for exercise-induced regional remodeling of the heart's microstructural helicity, revealing how a key molecular regulator of cardiac remodeling mediates local tissue-level changes. (researchgate.net)
Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling positive cells and expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the hippocampal CA1 region were assessed after reperfusion. (springer.com)
There was no significant alteration in preproET-1 mRNA expression during 2h of reperfusion. (portlandpress.com)

moreover, in vivo grafts demonstrated reduced neutrophilic infiltrate/fibrosis/overall injury. (uwo.ca)
To investigate the in vivo roles of HCDs, we developed the first carnosine synthase knockout (CARNS1-/-) rat strain to investigate the impact of an absence of HCDs on skeletal and cardiac muscle function. (fapesp.br)
Cardiac function was assessed in vivo by echocardiography and cardiac electrical activity by electrocardiography. (fapesp.br)
Cardiac function in vivo was assessed by echocardiography . (bvsalud.org)

However, mitigation strategies to preserve cardiac function after an ischemic event have often only focused on individual therapeutic agents, and the results have not been ideal. (prohealth.com)
A randomized porcine study of hemorrhagic shock comparing end-tidal carbon dioxide targeted and proximal systolic blood pressure targeted partial resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in the mitigation of metabolic injury. (oru.se)

By understanding the links between Ca2+, electrical excitability and energy production, we hope to understand the cellular basis of cardiac arrhythmias, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and sudden death. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Charron C, Messier C, Plamondon H (2008) Neuroprotection and functional recovery conferred by administration of kappa- and delta 1-opioid agonists in a rat model of global ischemia. (springer.com)

In this proposal, we will investigate the role of HIF-1 and of proteinsencoded by HIF-1 target genes, such as EPO, in promoting protection against cardiac ischemia-reperfusioninjury. (grantome.com)
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is believed to play an important role in cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion injury. (portlandpress.com)
Despite extensive research, our understanding of the precise role of different subsets of macrophages in ischemia/reperfusion injury remains incomplete. (elifesciences.org)

This change has been linked to activation of energy-consuming processes, which leads to decreased levels of adenosine triphosphatase (ATP) and a subsequent lack of energy sources for healthy cardiac function. (medscape.com)

Anatomy25

Organisms12

Diseases62

Chemicals and Drugs73

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment47

Phenomena and Processes37

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science2

Health Care8

Geographicals1

Renal13

Oxidative11

Rats10

Mitochondrial7

Myocardial injury4

Inhibition2

Mitochondria4

Acute lung i2

Perioperative8

Mechanisms8

Infarct size9

Brain ischemia1

Reported to attenuate1

Coronary5

Abstract1

Dysfunction1

Autophagy5

Troponin2

Apoptosis7

Endogenous1

Systemic2

Myocytes8

Cerebral4

Department of cardiac surgery1

Intracellular calcium1

Improves1

Endothelial1

Cardiopulmonary2

Enzymes1

Myocardium5

Cause of acute kidney1

Vitro1

Significantly1

Mechanism1

Outcomes2

Cardiomyocytes1

Extracellular1

Surgery3

Responses2

Tissue damage1

Oxygen5

Hypoxia1

Ischemic injury1

Heart13

Tissues1

Vascular1

Transient1

Reduce cardiac1

Arrest6

Damage3

Viability1

Expression4

Vivo4

Mitigation2

Sudden death1

Model1

Role3

Subsequent1