Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope. Medical search. Frequent questions

The isotopic δ 13 C%, δ 15 N% values, organic carbon (OC) and total nitrogen contents, and atomic C/N ratios are used as evidence of depositional environment. (gov.pl)
Analysis of stable isotope ratios from mineralised tissue has been widely used for dietary reconstruction. (springer.com)
Background: The relationship between stable isotope ratios and dietary protein sources has been reported. (ewha.ac.kr)
However, few studies have examined the effect of stable isotope ratios on metabolic risk in humans. (ewha.ac.kr)
We investigated whether the stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen in human hair are associated with blood pressure and hypertension. (ewha.ac.kr)
Hair samples of the subjects were used for the measurement of stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N). Results: The δ 13 C and δ 15 N values showed positive correlations with diastolic blood pressure in the subjects without antihypertensive medication. (ewha.ac.kr)
Hair samples of the subjects were used for the measurement of stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N). (ewha.ac.kr)
We quantified the stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N) as well as the total mercury (Hg) concentration in muscle samples from 20 common minke whales ( Balaenoptera acutorostrata ) stranded along the coast of Hokkaido, Japan. (aquaticmammalsjournal.org)
Korean mariculture Undaria pinnatifida was collected during the months of January, February, March, and December of 2010, as well as from January of 2011 to investigate the changes in the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios (δ 13 C and δ 15 N) and heavy metal with respect to it growth and to identify the factors that influence such changes. (e-algae.org)
Using the whiskers, researchers could do a stable isotope analysis to examine carbon nitrogen ratios. (nps.gov)
Hansen JH, Hedeholm RB, Sünksen K, Tang Christensen J, Grønkjær P (2012) Spatial variability of carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N) stable isotope ratios in an Arctic marine food web. (int-res.com)
The use of stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios will help determine these trophic linkages. (nova.edu)
Stable isotope ratios of a consumer are closely linked to their diet ( Post, 2002 ) and thus are similar to the bionomic niche axis. (frontiersin.org)

Conclusions: The stable isotopic ratio of nitrogen in scalp hair is independently associated with hypertension in subjects without antihypertensive medication. (ewha.ac.kr)
The purpose of this paper is to investigate dietary changes of A. viridis using isotopic compositions, particularly carbon source shifts in the anemone metabolism, in response to high p CO 2 /low pH conditions in situ . (nature.com)
New technology introduced to the Canadian Center for Isotopic Microanalysis at the University of Alberta (Canadian Foundation for Innovation) allows fine-scale (1-30 microns) in situ sampling of isotopes within samples (i.e., hair and claws). (kansascityzoo.org)
To develop the model, co-authors Drs. Matt Chatfield and Cheryl Frederick collected claw tips from 35 wild wood turtles in Maine and compared their isotopes with those of 36 captive turtles throughout the eastern U.S. Because captive and wild turtles have drastically different diets, the isotopic signatures of their tissues were also expected to differ. (eurekalert.org)
Furthermore, the use of isotopic niches underlines the utility of stable isotopes in studying the potential impacts of environmental change on feeding ecology. (frontiersin.org)

How does environmental change affect carbon, nutrient, and water fluxes in ecosystems? (wsl.ch)
and (3) traces water, carbon, and nitrogen fluxes using stable isotopes. (wsl.ch)
Nutrient and Carbon Fluxes to Barnegat Bay from Marginal Saline Wetlands. (ansp.org)
Model results present well-constrained snapshots of ecosystem nitrogen and stable isotope fluxes. (fsu.edu)

We will explore the utility of using stable isotopes to understand changes in the distribution, diet, and migration patterns of polar bears in the Southern Beaufort Sea. (kansascityzoo.org)

Internal water temperature, pH and H/D isotope composition. (lu.se)

This fractionation enables the use of stable nitrogen isotopes (δ 15 N) to infer trophic level, and high δ 15 N recorded in bone collagen usually indicates high-protein diets (Sponheimer et al. (springer.com)
In particular, the high δ 15 N of the immature birds in the northeastern area seems to be caused by feeding on 15 N rich diets in the eastern tropical Pacific, off Peru and California, during the northward migration, where occurrence of denitrification with a high nitrogen isotope fractionation factor of up to 1.04 is well known. (int-res.com)
Nitrogen isotope ratio tended to be relatively lower when nitrogen content in the blade was higher, probably due to the strengthening of isotope fractionation stemming from plenty of nitrogen in the surrounding environment. (e-algae.org)

By measuring bone carbon and nitrogen concentrations, researchers were able to discern whether the whale's diet consisted of food from the water column or from the sea floor. (sciencedaily.com)

Stable isotope analysis (N and C) of fossil cereal grains is regularly explored as a means of obtaining insights to past crop growing conditions and agricultural practices. (lu.se)
Dental calculus is not equivalent to bone collagen for isotope analysis: a comparison between carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of bulk dental calculus, bone and dentine collagen from same individuals from the Medieval site of El Raval (Alicante, Spain). (uv.es)
As a result, we recommend that carbon and nitrogen analysis on bulk dental calculus should only be used as a last resource archaeological dietary marker, if at all. (uv.es)
Salazar García, Domingo Carlos Richards, M.P. Nehlich, O. Henry, A.G. 2014 Dental calculus is not equivalent to bone collagen for isotope analysis: a comparison between carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of bulk dental calculus, bone and dentine collagen from same individuals from the Medieval site of El Raval (Alicante, Spain). (uv.es)
Dietary Stable Isotope Analysis (carbon and nitrogen) of bone collagen reveals aspects of past diet. (york.ac.uk)
This culminated in a dissertation project wherein I utilised stable isotope analysis in conjunction with the standard zooarchaeological recording of a 14th Century sub-assemblage of Atlantic Hake (Merluccius merluccius) remains to establish their provenance, and by proxy, the possibility of their trade. (york.ac.uk)
All soil samples are being sent to UW for carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis. (uwyo.edu)
As the recipient of this award, UW's Stable Isotope Facility has been recognized as one of the elite facilities for stable isotope analysis in the United States," Cook says. (uwyo.edu)
Basically, Stable isotope analysis is based on the principle 'you are what you eat. (kansascityzoo.org)
DNA and stable isotope analysis of an anomalous skull from the Natural History Museum of Denmark has allowed researchers to confirm the existence of a narwhal-beluga hybrid. (sciencedaily.com)
Using DNA and stable isotope analysis, the scientists determined that the skull belonged to a male, first-generation hybrid between a female narwhal and male beluga. (sciencedaily.com)
The isotope analysis allowed us to determine that the animal's diet was entirely different than that of a narwhal or beluga -- and it is possible that its teeth influenced its foraging strategy. (sciencedaily.com)
Published in the journal Biology 's special issue, Applications of Stable Isotope Analysis in Ecology, Dr. Jack Hopkins, President and Associate Professor of the Center for Wildlife Studies and colleagues describe a novel technique to prevent laundering one of Maine's imperiled species, the wood turtle. (eurekalert.org)
Using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of human and animal remains, our study has identified meaningful differences between those buried in caves and megalithic graves in the Late Neolithic of north-central Spain," says Teresa Fernández-Crespo. (eurekalert.org)
Researchers funded by the Wellcome Trust used DNA and stable isotope analysis to show how children as young as 6-years old were "fattened up" and taken on a pilgrimage to their death. (scienceblog.com)

Abstract: The use of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope measurements from TNT was examined as a possible tool for monitoring the natural attenuation of TNT. (dren.mil)
Measurements of naturally occurring stable isotopes in animal tissues can be used to monitor the diets of wide-ranging species, such as polar bears, that cannot be directly observed. (kansascityzoo.org)
To elucidate the food web pathways supporting the trophic structure and carbon export in this unique ecosystem, we used Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques to assimilate data from four independent realizations of δ15N and planktonic rate measurements from the CRD into steady state, multicompartment ecosystem box models (linear inverse models). (fsu.edu)
To further investigate the meaning behind different burial practices within the same location and period, the authors of the present study analyzed the bone collagen carbon and nitrogen isotope measurements of 166 individuals from a series of broadly contemporary Late Neolithic (3500 to 2900 cal BC) mortuary monuments and caves, closely situated together in north-central Spain. (eurekalert.org)

Increasing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions drive ongoing ocean acidification (OA) and place marine ecosystems in a vulnerable state 1 . (nature.com)
The elemental analyzer produces carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas, which are analyzed for carbon and nitrogen isotopes in an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. (uwyo.edu)
However, in the long term, the emitted carbon dioxide can be stored again as the trees regrow, slowly returning the forest to a carbon sink. (lu.se)
Detailed knowledge about how climate and human activities influence the sources and sinks of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane is needed in order to make the informed and effective decisions needed for combating climate change. (lu.se)
Pollutants of major public health concern include particulate matter, carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide. (who.int)

A method for determining the 18O/16O ratio of organic matter composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen is described. (eurekamag.com)
Samples analysed by continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectroscopy. (elementallab.co.uk)
Among samples with the same grow-out period, those that weighed more tended to have higher δ 13 C suggesting a close association between the carbon isotope ratio and growth rate of U. pinnatifida . (e-algae.org)
13C by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. (cdc.gov)

This study is the first of its kind to analyse carbon, nitrogen and sulphur stable isotope data from skeletons of the eleventh-seventeenth centuries in Portugal. (springer.com)

This study investigates natural variation in C and N stable isotopes among plant species in two western Amazon flooded forests with contrasting watershed biogeochemistry (white-water várzea-forest and black-water igapó-forest). (scielo.br)
Within the Environmental Biogeochemistry Section many projects deal with the cycling of bioactive elements (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus) as well as trace elements (e.g., lead, copper, mercury, and zinc) and organic contaminants such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). (ansp.org)
Stable isotope biogeochemistry of inorganic carbon and oxygen. (ansp.org)

The Isotec facility manufactures rare forms of oxygen and nitrogen, known as stable isotopes, which are used in research and medicine. (csb.gov)

Accordingly, the results illustrate the importance of spatial variability when interpreting trophic structure from stable isotopes. (int-res.com)

Nitrogen-15 is frequently used in NMR (Nitrogen-15 NMR spectroscopy). (wikipedia.org)
She has experience with foraminifera microfossils, lithologic core logs, various physical sediment parameters, radioanalytical spectroscopy and the development of geochronologies using uranium series isotopes. (usgs.gov)

Freshwater fish exhibit variation in δ 13 C depending on the ecosystem as freshwater plants have numerous sources of carbon, unlike terrestrial plants (Zohary et al. (springer.com)

Stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen from an individual's diet are deposited in their hair where they can remain unchanged over thousands of years. (scienceblog.com)

The key to the authors' approach lies in carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, chemicals that exist in animal tissues, which vary depending on diet. (eurekalert.org)

ABSTRACT: Stable isotopes of carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N) were used to examine trophic structures in an arctic marine food web at small and large spatial scales. (int-res.com)

We can assess the relative importance of these two sources through the stable isotopes incorporated into the tissues of animals. (yahoo.com)
Using stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen preserved in these two tissues, we will examine ecosystem dynamics relative to sea ice conditions, climate indices, and population trends. (kansascityzoo.org)

Here we report the comparison of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses of bulk calculus to those from bone and dentine collagen. (uv.es)
These analyses have been performed on individuals from the El Raval Mudéjar Medieval Cemetery (Eastern Iberia, 15th century A.D.). Although calculus isotope values may be broadly similar to expected values at the population level, we report here no correlation between collagen and bulk dental calculus values at the individual level. (uv.es)
This project builds on existing expertise in isotope analyses at the University of Alberta. (kansascityzoo.org)

The treatment phase will last for six weeks during which all participants will be assessed weekly to review their smoking log, state of abstinence, end-exhalation carbon monoxide levels and possible adverse effects including withdrawal reactions and stress levels. (who.int)
The explosion ruptured a carbon monoxide gas pipe and led to a precautionary evacuation of about 2000 residents. (csb.gov)

We examined the natural variability of carbon and nitrogen isotopes in the symbiotic sea anemone Anemonia viridis to investigate dietary shifts (autotrophy/heterotrophy) along a natural p CO 2 gradient at the island of Vulcano, Italy. (nature.com)
The use of C. finmarchicus δ 15 N and δ 13 C values as a baseline explained a portion of the spatial variability in isotopes, attributing some of the variation to physical and biological sources. (int-res.com)
The predicted contribution of different carbon sources to the consumer biomass changed between models as a function of source variability. (scielo.br)

These isotopes are increasingly being used to understand changes in ecosystem structure. (kansascityzoo.org)
Nitrogen and isotope flows through the Costa Rica Dome upwelling ecosystem: The crucial mesozooplankton role in export flux. (fsu.edu)
Studying forest recovery after wildfire is vital for understanding the net impact of the wildfire on the forest ecosystem and its carbon balance. (lu.se)

Reconstruction of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope in baleen whale earplugs. (tdl.org)
Palaeodietary reconstruction using the carbon and nitrogen isotope values of bone and dentine collagen is a well-established method and the biochemical processes involved are well known. (uv.es)

Several questions remain about the use of bulk calculus as a source of carbon and nitrogen isotope data, however. (uv.es)
Most importantly, there have been no comparative studies of collagen and calculus isotope values, which are necessary to establish the value of bulk calculus as a source of accurate isotope values. (uv.es)

A significant variation in the stable carbon and nitrogen isotope compositions between fluvial and marine deposits was recorded. (gov.pl)

This study identifies variation in the trophic niches of two herbivorous coral reef fishes with contrasting trophic strategies, using Stable Isotopes Bayesian Ellipses in R, along a spatial gradient of changing coral reef habitats. (frontiersin.org)

It is not yet clear how much of an individual¿s life span dental calculus represents, what portions of the diet it records, and how diagenesis effects the carbon and nitrogen isotope values of this material. (uv.es)
Together with a decrease in the difference between δ 13 C values of both fractions at the higher p CO 2 sites, these results indicate there is a greater net autotrophic input to the A. viridis carbon budget under high p CO 2 conditions. (nature.com)
Here we established stable isotope (δ13C, δ15N) values for the endangered green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) population found within the boundaries of Dry Tortugas National Park (DRTO), south Florida, USA. (usgs.gov)
Researchers analyzed reference stocks of narwhal and beluga for stable isotopes and compared these with isotope values from the hybrid skull. (sciencedaily.com)

Environmental change: Habitat changes and nitrogen removal in a tidal freshwater marsh. (ansp.org)

Decays by proton emission to 8 C , which immediately emits two protons to form 6 Be , which in turn emits two protons to form stable 4 He Decay mode shown is energetically allowed, but has not been experimentally observed to occur in this nuclide. (wikipedia.org)
Nitrogen-13 and oxygen-15 are produced in the atmosphere when gamma rays (for example from lightning) knock neutrons out of nitrogen-14 and oxygen-16: 14N + γ → 13N + n 16O + γ → 15O + n The nitrogen-13 produced as a result decays with a half-life of 9.965(4) min to carbon-13, emitting a positron. (wikipedia.org)
Some kinds of cosmic radiation cause a nuclear reaction with nitrogen-14 in the upper atmosphere of the Earth, creating carbon-14, which decays back to nitrogen-14 with a half-life of 5700(30) years. (wikipedia.org)

Extrinsic sources of carbon for the host include zooplankton and particulate organic carbon (POC) 17 . (nature.com)

Additionally, the human samples have higher stable isotope differences, in comparison with faunal samples, than would be expected within the food web, particularly for δ 13 C. This human bone collagen δ 13 C enrichment may reflect a diet rich in aquatic protein intake, which is also supported by δ 34 S archived in human and faunal samples, and the presence of oysters and cockles shells at the excavation. (springer.com)
However, the study surprisingly reveals significant carbon isotope differences between people interred in both funerary site-types. (eurekalert.org)

This metabolic plasticity of aspartate enables carbon-nitrogen budgeting, thereby driving the biochemical self-organization of distinct cell states. (elifesciences.org)

UW's Stable Isotope Facility recently received an NSF contract to analyze soil samples for the entire NEON network across the United States. (uwyo.edu)
The University of Wyoming Stable Isotope Facility (SIF) is now the go-to laboratory to analyze soil samples from all across the country. (uwyo.edu)
The modern samples, however, showed a significant difference in the source of carbon, resulting from a greater proportion of open water phytoplankton and less reliance on sea ice algae. (yahoo.com)
Dr Wilson and colleagues studied DNA and stable light isotopes from the hair samples to offer insight into the lives of these children. (scienceblog.com)
By analysing stable isotopes found in the hair samples, Dr Wilson and colleagues were able to see that for much of the time prior to sacrifice, the children were fed a diet of vegetables such as potato, suggesting that they came from a peasant background. (scienceblog.com)

Natural nitrogen (7N) consists of two stable isotopes: the vast majority (99.6%) of naturally occurring nitrogen is nitrogen-14, with the remainder being nitrogen-15. (wikipedia.org)
Nitrogen-14 is the source of naturally-occurring, radioactive, carbon-14. (wikipedia.org)

Richards and Hedges 1999 ), especially when combined with carbon isotope data. (springer.com)
Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data from green turtles sampled at Dry Tortugas National Park, FL. (usgs.gov)

Reconstructed δ13C and δ15N profiles from baleen whale earplugs (N = 17, n = 950 laminae) in this study provide the first recorded birth to death stable isotope profiles for baleen whales. (tdl.org)
Nitrogen-15 tracing is a technique used to study the nitrogen cycle. (wikipedia.org)
In our study we examined stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in polar bear bone collagen. (yahoo.com)
In that study, threshold amounts of trehalose - a limiting, produced carbon-resource, controls the emergence and self-organization of cells exhibiting the glycolytic state, serving as a carbon source that fuels glycolysis (Varahan et al. (elifesciences.org)
The objective of our pilot study was to determine whether ultrafine elemental carbon particles translocate to the liver and other extrapulmonary organs following inhalation as singlet particles by rats. (cdc.gov)

Like all elements heavier than lithium, the original source of nitrogen-14 and nitrogen-15 in the Universe is believed to be stellar nucleosynthesis, where they are produced as part of the carbon-nitrogen-oxygen cycle. (wikipedia.org)
The heavier stable nitrogen ( 15 N) and stable carbon ( 13 C) isotopes accrue in consumers with an increase in trophic level ( Post, 2002 ). (frontiersin.org)

Most of the isotopes with atomic mass numbers below 14 decay to isotopes of carbon, while most of the isotopes with masses above 15 decay to isotopes of oxygen. (wikipedia.org)

Second, the annual inundation of the Nile River transports fresh layers of silt-rich fertile soil, which provides stable agriculture and supports cultivating various food crops and raising livestock. (researchgate.net)

Stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen are incorporated into organisms at differing rates depending on their prey and trophic level. (kansascityzoo.org)

The isotopes demonstrated that the hybrid whale's dietary choices were very different than those of either narwhal or beluga. (sciencedaily.com)

How do possible increased extreme events such as devastating storms and flooding affect carbon cycle processes and do we already see such perturbations? (lu.se)

In gluconeogenic cells, aspartate is a carbon source for trehalose production, while in glycolytic cells using trehalose for carbon, aspartate is predominantly a nitrogen source for nucleotide synthesis. (elifesciences.org)
The growth curve reflected a diauxic growth other uses for it, in particular lignosulfonates originating from when mixtures of the model compounds were used as carbon the sulfite pulping process, but the predominant technical lig- source. (lu.se)

Little is known about how much greenhouse gases are released during and after a wildfire, about how much of the stored carbon is lost, or about how the energy exchange at the Earth's surface is changed because of a fire. (lu.se)

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