Candida albicans genes. Medical search. Frequent questions

Overall, our results show that Ahr1 and Tup1 are key contributors in the complex regulation of virulence-associated genes in the different C. albicans morphologies.IMPORTANCE Candida albicans is a major human fungal pathogen and the leading cause of systemic Candida infections. (leibniz-hki.de)
We observed that IAA also induced hyphal growth in the human pathogen Candida albicans and thus may function as a secondary metabolite signal that regulates virulence traits such as hyphal transition in pathogenic fungi. (nih.gov)
Regulated erroneous protein translation (adaptive mistranslation) increases proteome diversity and produces advantageous phenotypic variability in the human pathogen Candida albicans. (tau.ac.il)
Candida auris is an emerging pathogen often showing antifungal resistance. (medscape.com)
Gene expression profiling is increasingly used in the field of infectious diseases for characterization of host, pathogen and the nature of their interaction. (cambridge.org)
Candida albicans is the most important opportunistic fungal pathogen of humans. (ncl.edu.tw)
The dimorphic switch from a single-cell budding yeast to a filamentous form enables Saccharomyces cerevisiae to forage for nutrients and the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans to invade human tissues and evade the immune system. (nih.gov)
Much of this work is carried out in the species Candida albicans, the most prevalent fungal pathogen of humans. (ucmerced.edu)
Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen with a dimorphic phenotype, i.e., it can grow in either a yeast or hyphal form (Lass-Flörl et al. (researchsquare.com)
Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that is the principal cause of superficial and systemic candidiasis in human and animals. (scialert.net)
Grf10 and Bas1 Regulate Transcription of Adenylate and One-Carbon Biosynthesis Genes and Affect Virulence in the Human Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans . (bvsalud.org)

Two Candida albicans strains, SC5314 and OY-2-76, were used in the rat model system and infection progressed for 3 or 5 days. (illinois.edu)
Overall, the patterns of ALS gene expression were similar between the rat model and human clinical specimens, suggesting that the model would be useful for studying the phenotype of alδ/alδ mutant strains. (illinois.edu)
This study reports the prevalence of C. africana among the strains isolated from patients, by using HWP1 gene size polymorphism. (ac.ir)
Based on the HWP1 gene size polymorphism, 223 strains were identified as C. albicans (94.89%) from which 7 isolates produced two DNA fragments (850 and 941 bp). (ac.ir)
To broaden our understanding on the population structure and genetic diversity of C. albicans strains in birds, we analysed 30 isolates recovered from animal and human hosts and investigated whether the genotype distribution related to their different source. (springer.com)
In addition to this research focus, Dr. Morrow is also interested in applied microbiology projects including a new project that is investigating the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli strains isolated from local streams and rivers in an effort to determine if wild E. coli populations could act as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations. (umwestern.edu)
Candida albicans strains without a functional CPH1 gene (cph1/cph1) show suppressed hyphal formation on solid medium. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Researchers identified that an abundance of fungi in the gut, particularly strains of Candida albicans yeast, could trigger an increase in immune cells, which could worsen lung damage. (medicaldaily.com)
Echinocandin-resistant clinical isolates of Candida albicans have been reported, and key-hot spot mutations in the FKS1 gene, which encodes a major glucan synthase subunit, have been identified in these (caspofungin-resistant [CAS-R]) strains. (who.int)
Although these mutations result in phenotypic resistance to echinocandins in planktonic cells, there is little data on antifungal susceptibilities of CAS-R C. albicans strains within biofilms. (who.int)
Thus, we analyzed biofilms formed by 12 C. albicans CAS-R clinical strains in which we previously identified FKS1 hot-spot mutations and compared the sessile antifungal and paradoxical activity of anidulafungin (ANID), caspofungin (CAS), and micafungin (MICA). (who.int)
In addition, introduction of C albicans strains with 2 functional copies of the INT1 gene increased the number of fungi colonizing the cecum and disseminating to extraintestinal sites. (medscape.com)
To further examine the role of yeast and filamentous forms, researchers intravenously or orally infected antibiotic-treated and dexamethasone-treated mice using 3 strains of C albicans: (1) a wild-type strain that had both yeast cell and filamentous forms, (2) a strain with only yeast cells, and (3) a strain that was constitutively filamentous. (medscape.com)

ALS gene expression was studied in the hyposalivatory rat model of oral candidiasis and in clinical specimens collected from HIV-positive patients to assess similarities in expression patterns between the model system and clinical isolates. (illinois.edu)
Although C. albicans remains the most common Candida species, C. dubliniensis and C. africana are rarely found among the patient isolates. (ac.ir)
Candida dubliniensis isolates from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and non-HIV-infected subjects and generation of stable fluconazole-resistant derivatives in vitro. (ac.ir)
In this study, multilocus sequence typing was used to characterise the genetic diversity and population structure of 24 avian origin C. albicans isolates collected from different birds with candidiasis and compared to human isolates. (springer.com)
C. albicans is predominantly diploid and displays high degree of genetic diversity across isolates, notably variations in the distribution of heterozygous polymorphisms along the genome. (springer.com)
A total of 30 C. albicans isolates (one isolate from each bird) were examined in this study. (springer.com)
Human isolates were randomly selected and preliminary identified as C. albicans by Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometer at the University of Debrecen. (springer.com)
Candida tropicalis is a diploid ascomycetes yeast re- to 5FC among C. tropicalis isolates recovered from blood sponsible for 4%-24% of candidemia. (cdc.gov)
Epidemiologic data and gene sequences were objective is to study the clinical isolates in terms of species, analyzed, and molecular typing was performed. (cdc.gov)
The aim of the study was to evaluate the protein similarity degree among 15 C. albicans isolates with different virulence obtained from healthy and infected human and animals. (scialert.net)
2005). Different types of electrophoretic techniques have been used for the characterization or typing of C. albicans isolates including separation of chromosomes, DNA fragments, isoenzymes, cell wall glycoproteins and whole cell proteins (Asakura et al . (scialert.net)
In this study, we described the use of SDS-PAGE, along with PAGE techniques, to analyze the similarity of the protein profiles of the cytoplasmic extracts and cell walls of different C. albicans isolates obtained from different host conditions (human against animal isolates and patient against healthy subject isolates) with various virulence degrees. (scialert.net)
Seventeen fresh C. albicans , originated from infected human (7 isolates) and animals (10 isolates), were obtained from Fungal Collection of Mycology Research Center, University of Tehran between April and November, 2007. (scialert.net)
Although the rate of azole resistance in systemic isolates of C. albicans remains very low, resistance to fluconazole appears as an important issue in the management of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) in patients with AIDS. (seq.es)
In order to establish the prevalence of resistance to azole antifungal agents in this setting, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of resistance to azoles in highly resistant C. albicans isolates (fluconazole MIC 64 mg/l) from HIV-infected patients with OPC. (seq.es)
Antifungal susceptibility testing of serial C. albicans isolates was performed by NCCLS methodology. (seq.es)
Overexpression of genes encoding lanosterol 14-demethylase (erg11) and efflux transporters (mdr1 and cdr) implicated in the development of resistance was monitored in matched sets of susceptible and resistant isolates. (seq.es)

Superficial fungal infections are common in dermatology and are often caused by opportunistic species in the Candida and Malassezia genera. (actasdermo.org)
The taxonomy of Candida is controversial and has undergone changes due to the investigation of the novel species. (ac.ir)
Cutaneous candidiasis and other forms of candidiasis are infections caused by the yeast Candida albicans or other Candida species. (medscape.com)
Although C albicans is the most common cause of human infection, the genus Candida includes more than 150 species. (medscape.com)
Humans carry yeast, including Candida species, throughout the gastrointestinal tract (mouth through anus) as part of the normal commensal flora. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] Candida species are not part of the normal flora of the skin but may colonize fingers or body folds transiently. (medscape.com)
[ 5 ] Candida species also produce proteases, which contribute to pathogenicity. (medscape.com)
Except for Candida species, which are commensal organisms found on the skin and mucosal surfaces, these fungi are environmental microorganisms that are typically acquired after inhalation into the lungs. (frontiersin.org)
Further, AMP-17 treatment resulted in an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and changes in the cell cycle, leading to the apoptosis and necrosis, which ultimately contributed to the death of C. albicans cells. (researchsquare.com)
Candida albicans is still the most common species causing invasive fungal infections, but Candida non-albicans species are increasing in number. (tidsskriftet.no)
Primary resistance to several of these drugs has been observed in a number of Candida and Aspergillus species and this is the dominating form of resistance we observe today. (tidsskriftet.no)
Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic yeast It is one of the few species of the genus Candida that causes the human infection candidiasis, which results from an overgrowth of the fungus. (ensembl.org)
C. albicans is the most common fungal species isolated from biofilms either formed on (permanent) implanted medical devices or on human tissue. (ensembl.org)
A special type of medium is CHROMagar™ Candida which can be used to identify different species of candida. (ensembl.org)
Homologues, gene trees, and whole genome alignments across multiple species. (ensembl.org)
Infection is caused by Candida species, primarily Candida albicans . (medscape.com)
Other species, such as Candida tropicalis and Candida stellatoidea , more often appear in persons who are severely immunocompromised. (medscape.com)
Candida species are commensal organisms that colonize the skin and mucosal surfaces and adhere to catheter surfaces. (medscape.com)
Filamentous forms may contribute to colonization and infection, although species that do not form filaments, such as Candida glabrata, colonize and cause invasive disease in VLBW infants. (medscape.com)
Candida /species/control. (bvsalud.org)
Other species, including Candida krusei , have appeared in persons who are severely immunocompromised. (medscape.com)
[ 10 ] In patients with HIV infection, new species, such as Candida dubliniensis and Candida inconspicua , have been recognized. (medscape.com)

The capacity of Candida albicans to reversibly change its morphology between yeast and filamentous stages is crucial for its virulence. (leibniz-hki.de)
Microbiologists from Jena, Borstel, Aberdeen and London succeeded for the first time in identifying a real toxin in Candida albicans - a usually harmless gut-dwelling yeast, which frequently causes diseases such as thrush. (abdn.ac.uk)
Candida albicans grows in two different forms: either as an egg-shaped yeast cell or as a filamentous hyphal form. (abdn.ac.uk)
C albicans , the principal infectious agent in human infection, is an oval yeast 2-6 µm in diameter. (medscape.com)
The vagina is commonly colonized by yeast, most often by C albicans and C glabrata . (medscape.com)
In a broader view, a 2013 review of pathologic mechanisms of C albicans cited (1) the secretion of hydrolases, (2) molecules that mediate adhesion with concomitant invasion into host cells, (3) the yeast-to-hypha transition, (4) biofilm formation, (5) contact sensing and thigmotropism, (6) phenotypic switching, and (7) a variety of fitness attributes. (medscape.com)
At Montana Western, Dr. Morrow and his undergraduate student researchers are studying some of the proteins that play roles in the early secretory pathway of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. (umwestern.edu)
The Sec61 protein plays a role in the translocation of secretory proteins across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane in the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. (umwestern.edu)
Can the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans live without the SEC63 gene? (umwestern.edu)
Candida tropicalis is a diploid ascomycetes yeast com- (Hôpital Jean Verdier, Bondy), Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux, Jean monly found on the skin and in digestive tracts of Dunand (Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Boulogne), Guy Galeazzi (Hôpital healthy human hosts worldwide ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
Transcriptional Profiling Shows that Gcn4p is a Master Regulator of Gene Expression During Amino Acid Starvation in Yeast. (jnu.ac.in)
A Genetic Screen To Identify Genes Influencing the Secondary Redox Couple NADPH/NADP+ in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (harvard.edu)
To explore the role of STE12 in the pheromone induction of alpha-specific genes, we cloned STE12 and MAT alpha 1 homologs from the related yeast Kluyveromyces lactis. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The absence of a functional INT1 gene diminishes adherence in yeast cells but not filamentous forms. (medscape.com)
C albicans is dimorphic, having both yeast and filamentous forms (eg, hyphae, pseudohyphae, germ tubes), and is assumed to have increased virulence in immunocompromised patients because of the filamentous forms. (medscape.com)

The molecular epidemiology of Candida albicans infections in animals has been rarely studied. (springer.com)
Oral infections with Candida albicans commonly occur in HIV patients, but also in very young and elderly people with weakened immune systems. (abdn.ac.uk)
For example, IL-17 is essential to combat C albicans infections. (medscape.com)
Since protein secretion is important for this organism to cause infection, a better understanding of the machinery involved in protein secretion could lead to the identification of future drug targets to prevent and treat Candida infections. (umwestern.edu)
Invasive infections are commonly caused by fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Candida, Cryptococcus, Blastomyces, Coccidioides , and Histoplasma ( Table 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Candidaalbicans and parapsilosis account for 80-90% of infections. (medscape.com)

Both regulators are required for high mRNA amounts of the two genes to ensure functional relevant protein synthesis and localization. (leibniz-hki.de)
Endothelin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EDN3 gene. (wikipedia.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the endothelin family. (wikipedia.org)
When a virus is detected, a signaling protein called interferon is released and it induces an antiviral state by upregulating a whole slew of interferon-stimulated genes. (elifesciences.org)
The protein Hwp1 is vital for C albicans to form attachments to host tissue, as is CaMnt1p, a mannosyl transferase. (medscape.com)
[ 6 ] Additionally, C albicans aborts the expression of interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10 in human keratinocytes. (medscape.com)
2011). The Candida albicans Kar2 protein is essential and functions during the translocation of proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum. (umwestern.edu)
Characterization of the Candida albicans Sec63 Protein. (umwestern.edu)
Moreover, C. albicans Hom6p affects expression of the cell wall protein Xog1p which is a major exoglucanase and is found to be involved in cell adhesion. (ncl.edu.tw)
C. albicans Hom6p thus had an effect on cell survival and cell adhesion by maintaining protein synthesis and cell wall function. (ncl.edu.tw)
Southern nalyses at medium and high stringency indicated that G. cingulata possesses ne gene for the secreted aspartic proteinase, and Northern blots indicated that gene expression was induced by exogenous protein and repressed by ammonium salts. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The whole-cell protein profile obtained by these techniques could provide additional criteria for the serologic and immunologic studies of C. albicans . (scialert.net)
A Candida albicans gene (CPH1) was cloned that encodes a protein homologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ste12p, a transcription factor that is the target of the pheromone response mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The K. lactis STE12 protein did not cooperate with the S. cerevisiae alpha 1 protein to promote the overall mating process or the induction of transcription of an alpha-specific gene. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Six extracellular protein genes up-regulated in stomatitis were confirmed within the saliva using proteomic methods. (scienceblog.com)
The genetic study showed promising results in "silencing" the genes that translate into tau protein, the primary component behind dementia. (medicaldaily.com)
The diploid genome size is approximately 29 Mb, and up to 70% of the protein coding genes have not yet been characterized. (ensembl.org)
Protein-coding and non-coding genes, splice variants, cDNA and protein sequences, non-coding RNAs. (ensembl.org)
[ 7 ] C albicans prevacuolar protein sorting gene VPS4 is required for extracellular secretion of the secreted aspartyl proteases Sap2p and Saps4-6p. (medscape.com)

The virulence factors of Candida spp. (bvsalud.org)

The BGL2 gene encodes a unique 1,3-β-glucosyltransferase (BgI2p) present in the cell wall of Candida albicans and other fungi. (microbiologyresearch.org)
these cells detect C albicans through TLR4 and begin producing antimicrobial products and melanin, which can sequester and, in some cases, kill, the fungi. (medscape.com)
This review will highlight the roles of monocytes in the immune response to some of the major fungi that cause invasive human disease, including Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, Candida, Histoplasma, Blastomyces , and Coccidioides , and discuss potential strategies to manipulate monocyte responses in order to enhance anti-fungal immunity in susceptible hosts. (frontiersin.org)
These analyses have also helped identify genes that were differentially expressed in DED fungi grown under defined experimental conditions. (sisef.it)
Until recently, however, functional analysis of the DED fungi was hampered by the lack of protocols for efficient gene knockout and by the unavailability of a full genome sequence. (sisef.it)

Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Candida guilliermondi, Candida krusei, Candida kefyr, Candida zeylanoides , and Candida glabrata (formerly Torulopsis glabrata ) are less common causes of human disease. (medscape.com)
Dentre as espécies de Candida, a mais frequentemente associada a lesões bucais é a C. albicans , porém outras também têm sido isoladas da saliva de indivíduos portadores ou não de candidoses, incluindo C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei e C. dubiniensis 4 . (bvsalud.org)
Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis and C. guilhermondii were seeded into antibacterial (cefepime, meropenem, vancomycin, and piperacillin- tazobactam) gradient plates produced in Mueller-Hinton Agar. (bvsalud.org)

A total of 235 yeasts confirmed as C. albicans complex based on chromogenic media and ITS-sequencing isolated from various clinical forms of invasive and non-invasive candidiasis mainly candidemia, were re-identified based on HWP1 gene polymorphisms. (ac.ir)
Candida africana , in the C. albicans complex causing vulvovaginal candidiasis. (ac.ir)
Isolation of Candida africana in oral candidiasis: first report among cancer patients in Iran. (ac.ir)
Aunque el porcentaje de resistencia al fluconazol en aislamientos de C. albicans procedentes de infecciones sistémicas se mantiene pequeño, en la candidiasis orofaríngea en pacientes con sida constituye un grave problema. (seq.es)
Para poder establecer la prevalencia de la resistencia al fluconazol en este caso, se han investigado los mecanismos moleculares de resistencia a los azoles en aislamientos de C. albicans resistentes al fluconazol (CMI �64 mg/l) procedentes de pacientes VIH positivos con candidiasis orofaríngea. (seq.es)
El tratamiento con azoles, especialmente fluconazol, ha demostrado ser eficaz tanto in vitro como en estudios clínicos frente a C. albicans , siendo considerado de elección en la candidiasis orofaríngea (3-6). (seq.es)
Barcelona, Spain - Today during the 88th General Session & Exhibition of the International Association for Dental Research, in Barcelona, Spain, S. Offenbacher will present an abstract titled "Mucosal Gene Expression and Salivary Proteomic Analysis of Candidiasis-Associated Denture-Stomatitis. (scienceblog.com)
This is a summary of abstract #2012, "Mucosal Gene Expression and Salivary Proteomic Analysis of Candidiasis-Associated Denture-Stomatitis," to be presented by S. Offenbacher at 9 a.m., Friday, July 16, 2010 in Room 117 of the Centre Convencions Internacional Barcelona, Spain during the 88th General Session & Exhibition of the International Association for Dental Research. (scienceblog.com)
A mortality rate of 40% has been reported for patients with systemic candidiasis due to C. albicans . (ensembl.org)
C albicans is the predominant causal organism of most candidiasis. (medscape.com)

A simple explanation for this difference could be that functional specialization, perhaps driven by challenges from different pathogens, drove the IFIT1 gene to diverge in the mouse and human lineages. (elifesciences.org)
AMP-17, an antimicrobial peptide from Musca domestica , is known to be an effective inhibitor of many fungal pathogens, including C. albicans . (researchsquare.com)
Genetic and molecular analyses have led to the identification, cloning and characterization of a few genes that contribute to parasitic fitness in the pathogens. (sisef.it)
Streptococcal pathogens continue to evade concerted efforts to decipher clear-cut virulence mechanisms, although numerous genes have been implicated in pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)

Candida glabrata is an emerging cause of oropharyngeal candidosis in patients receiving radiation around the head and neck. (medscape.com)

We performed sequential disruptions of the BGL2 loci in a homozygous ura3 clinical isolate of C. albicans using the URA3 blaster method, in order to investigate the role of BgI2p in this dimorphic, pathogenic fungus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Scientists in Jena, Borstel, Aberdeen and London have discovered a toxin in the fungus Candida albicans, which plays a crucial role during human mucosal infection. (abdn.ac.uk)
Candida is a versatile fungus that can exist commensally in many locations of the human body. (medscape.com)
The goal of the study was to compare whole-transcriptome, mucosal gene expression in Candida albicans (a parasitic fungus that can infect the mouth) associated chronic denture stomatitis to that of healthy oral mucosa and perform proteomic analyses of potential salivary biomarkers. (scienceblog.com)
[ 1 ] C albicans is a dimorphic fungus that can asymptomatically colonize the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts (and their associated mucosae) in healthy individuals. (medscape.com)

The presence of C. albicans was confirmed by cytology and cultivable methods and the clinical severity of the stomatitis and denture fit evaluated by the Newton and Kapur Classifications. (scienceblog.com)

The aim of this study was to analyze changes in the expression of genes coding for enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) chains following the adherence of Candida and Malassezia yeasts to skin cell lines. (actasdermo.org)

Cytokine gene expression patterns and immune responses to systemic Candida albicans infection in inbred mice. (edu.au)

Candida africana and Candida dubliniensis are new members of C. albicans complex that are currently gaining both clinical and epidemiologic significance. (ac.ir)
C. dubliniensis (n=4, 1.7%), C. africana (n=1, 0.42%) and mix of C. albicans and C. africana (n=7, 2.97%) were also identified. (ac.ir)
Candida dubliniensis sp. (ac.ir)
11. Romeo O, Criseo G. First molecular method for discriminating between Candida africana, Candida albicans , and Candida dubliniensis by using hwp1 gene. (ac.ir)
Candida africana and Candida dubliniensis as causes of pediatric candiduria: a study using HWP1 gene size polymorphism. (ac.ir)

Cell adhesion is the first step in C. albicans infection of epithelia. (ncl.edu.tw)
2021). When the immune system is functioning normally, C. albicans can be present on the skin, oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary tract of an individual as a commensal, without causing infection (Wiederhold. (researchsquare.com)
AMP-17 ( M. domestica antimicrobial peptide-17) is encoded by a highly expressed gene identified from the M. domestica transcriptome database constructed after a 12-h exposure to microbial infection. (researchsquare.com)
[ 4 ] When the local ecology is disturbed, or where there is an immune defect, Candida overgrowth may lead to an opportunistic infection. (medscape.com)
Adherence and the slow-growing nature of Candida facilitate its ability to colonize and disseminate into the bloodstream and body tissues before clinical signs and symptoms of infection become apparent. (medscape.com)
[ 2 ] Candida is an opportunistic infection and typically occurs where the local ecology is disturbed, or where there is an immune defect. (medscape.com)

Isolation and molecular characterization of Candida africana from Jos, Nigeria. (ac.ir)

Comparative genomics of white and opaque cell states supports an epigenetic mechanism of phenotypic switching in Candida albicans. (broadinstitute.org)

These observations identified a new aspect of regulation in the complex transcriptional control of virulence-associated genes in C. albicans . (leibniz-hki.de)
Singh, R.P., Prasad, H.K., Sinha, I., Agarwal, N. and Natarajan, K. (2011) Cap2-HAP Complex Is a Critical Transcriptional Regulator That Has Dual but Contrasting Roles in Regulation of Iron Homeostasis in Candida albicans. (jnu.ac.in)
Her lab is interested in investigating how transcriptional networks underlie the regulation of gene expression during biofilm development. (ucmerced.edu)
Mapping transcriptional regulation of biofilm-related genes promoters in Pseudomonas. (usp.br)
In this sense, we aim to characterize the behaviour of different promoters of genes involved in biofilm regulation under different conditions and to search for possible new DNAbinding proteins associated with their promoter regions. (usp.br)

We identified genes involved in morphologically distinct forms of filamentation: haploid invasive growth, biofilm formation, and diploid pseudohyphal growth. (nih.gov)
C. albicans was for a long time considered an obligate diploid organism without a haploid stage. (ensembl.org)
The latter is formed when diploid C. albicans cells mate when they are in the opaque form. (ensembl.org)

Candida albicans er fremdeles den vanligste årsaken til invasive soppinfeksjoner, men Candida ikke-albicans-arter øker i forekomst. (tidsskriftet.no)
Antallet pasienter med invasive soppinfeksjoner har økt de siste årene, parallelt med en økning i antall immunkompromitterte pasienter. (tidsskriftet.no)

Primær resistens mot flere av disse midlene er observert hos mange arter av Candida og Aspergillus. (tidsskriftet.no)

C. albicans can adhere to the mucosal surfaces and even to the surfaces of medical devices. (ncl.edu.tw)
Candida can invade the bloodstream and disseminate in these infants because of their immature immune systems, complicated by the inevitable need to compromise their developing skin and mucosal membrane barrier defenses. (medscape.com)

Genome sequencing, array-based comparative genome analysis, and gene expression profiling revealed that during the course of evolution in fluconazole, the range of mutational and gene deregulation differences was distinctively different and broader in the hypermistranslating strain, including multiple chromosome duplications, partial chromosome deletions, and polyploidy. (tau.ac.il)

Although believed to be involved in cell wall assembly, disruption of the gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed no apparent phenotype. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Mutant S. cerevisiae with deletions in two ALD genes are unable to convert radiolabeled Trp to IAA, yet produce IAA in the absence of exogenous Trp and at levels higher than wild type. (nih.gov)
Unique genes appear to underlie each program, but we also found core genes with general roles in filamentous growth, including MFG1 (YDL233w), whose product binds two morphogenetic transcription factors, Flo8 and Mss11, and functions as a critical transcriptional regulator of filamentous growth in both S. cerevisiae and C. albicans. (nih.gov)

Srivastav MK, Nair R, Natarajan K (2017) Iron Acquisition in the Pathobiology of Candida albicans. (jnu.ac.in)
2017). When the immune system is impaired, such as in AIDS patients, patients using immunosuppressive agents for an organ transplant, and patients with microbial flora disorders, C. albicans can readily become pathogenic (Wubulikasimu et al. (researchsquare.com)

IFIT genes are among the most highly upregulated of these genes, and IFIT proteins target a wide range of viruses ( Diamond and Farzan, 2013 ). (elifesciences.org)
[ 7 ] Once C albicans invades the keratinocytes, the host cells express host defense proteins and secrete chemokines and cytokines. (medscape.com)

Microarray analysis of mRNA expression revealed 3034 genes-in-play differentially expressed in C. albicans stomatitis. (scienceblog.com)
Quantitative PCR and high-throughput methods, such as expressed sequence tag analysis, have been used for measuring gene expression and identifying subsets of elm genes that are differentially expressed in the presence of O. novo-ulmi . (sisef.it)

There is a need for new anti- Candida albicans drugs owing to the emergence of drug resistance in recent years. (researchsquare.com)

Here, we describe how Tup1, normally a global repressor of gene expression as well as of filamentation, and the transcription factor Ahr1 contribute to full expression of ALS3 and ECE1 in C. albicans hyphae. (leibniz-hki.de)

Expression of all ALS genes was observed in oral clinical material collected from HIV-positive patients although ALS6 and ALS7 transcripts required an extra PCR amplification step to be detected. (illinois.edu)

In addition, the expression of ERG2, ERG24 and ERG11 genes and the ergosterol content had no differences between wild type and the mutant. (ncl.edu.tw)
La sobreexpresión de los genes que codifican para la enzima lanosterol 14-a-desmetilasa (erg11) y para los transportadores de membrana (mdr1 y cdr) se monitorizó por comparación con aislamientos isogénicos sensibles. (seq.es)
Asimismo, los genes erg11 fueron amplificados por PCR y secuenciados para la detección de mutaciones concretas. (seq.es)
In addition, erg11 genes were PCR-amplified and their nucleotide sequences determined in order to detect point mutations. (seq.es)

The expression of retS over time was also evaluated by western blot when co-cultivated with Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans in artificial sputum media and we noticed that there was no change in the expression of this gene when compared to the axenically cultured PAO1. (usp.br)

Ahr1 and Tup1 contribute to the transcriptional control of virulence-associated genes in Candida albicans. (leibniz-hki.de)
Priyadarshini Y., Natarajan, K. (2016) Reconfiguration of transcriptional control of lysine biosynthesis in Candida albicans involves a central role for the Gcn4 transcriptional activator. (jnu.ac.in)

Rhamnolipids in perspective: gene regulatory pathways, metabolic engineering, production and technological forecasting. (nature.com)
however, alternative pathways may exist in C. albicans. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Five of the 6 most significant gene ontology pathways involve inflammation and activation of the immune response with CD28 and CTLA signaling of Tcells. (scienceblog.com)

On the biological level, we demonstrate that gene expression levels fluctuate during in vitro development of both intracellular amastigotes and promastigotes. (cambridge.org)
STE12 binds in vitro to the pheromone response elements (PREs) present in the control region of a-specific genes. (embl-heidelberg.de)
C. albicans is easily cultured in the lab and can be studied both in vivo and in vitro . (ensembl.org)

Candida albicans: Cellular and Molecular Biology. (jnu.ac.in)
The molecular mechanisms of azole resistance in Candida albicans include alterations in the target enzyme (lanosterol 14-demethylase) and overexpression of efflux transporters that decrease the intracellular concentration of the drug. (seq.es)
Secreted aspartyl proteinases (SAPs) are hydrolytic enzymes secreted by Candida that contribute to virulence by degrading host cell mebranes and molecular mediators of host immunity. (medscape.com)

Gene expression was analyzed using reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. (actasdermo.org)
The ability of C albicans to adjust to the different pH environments found in regions such as the bloodstream, at a neutral pH, versus the vagina, which has a more acidic pH, is explained by the differential expression of pH-regulated genes. (medscape.com)
We, therefore, tested the hypothesis that hypoxia would enhance or "prime" microglial pro-inflammatory gene expression in response to a later inflammatory challenge without programmatically increasing basal levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. (frontiersin.org)
We used RNA sequencing coupled with chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing to analyze primed microglial inflammatory gene expression and modifications to histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) at the promoters of primed genes. (frontiersin.org)
Gene expression profiling of Leishmania (Leishmania). (cambridge.org)
However, the gene expression and activity of antioxidative enzymes had no differences between wild type and the zcf29zcf29 mutant. (ncl.edu.tw)
Small and Large Ribosomal Subunit Deficiencies Lead to Distinct Gene Expression Signatures that Reflect Cellular Growth Rate. (broadinstitute.org)
While the selective inactivation of Ophiostoma genes by insertional mutagenesis remains a challenge, an alternative approach based on RNA interference is now available for down-regulating the expression of targeted genes. (sisef.it)

Transcription of both corresponding genes is closely associated with hyphal growth. (leibniz-hki.de)

In this study, we found that C. albicans Hom6p has a homoserine dehydrogenase activity and is probably involved in the pathway for threonine and methionine biosynthesis. (ncl.edu.tw)

Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) and eBURST analyses showed that the genetic construction of avian origin C. albicans population is fairly diverse. (springer.com)
In this study, oral palatal biopsies were obtained from 17 healthy and 15 C. albicans-infected stomatitis subjects for whole-transcriptome analyses using Affymetrix arrays. (scienceblog.com)

This means that mouse IFIT1 and human IFIT1 are paralogs (caused by a gene duplication event) rather than orthologs (caused by a speciation event), so the authors renamed the mouse gene IFIT1B . (elifesciences.org)
Since ingestion of contaminated food or drinking water is the usual route of transmission, contaminated environments (e.g. litter from poultry rearing facilities, areas contaminated with human waste) are potential sources for Candida exposure for birds. (springer.com)

Overgrowth of Candida is protected against by local T cells and interleukin (IL)-17. (medscape.com)

Genes, Fungal" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)

The ongoing annotation of these genomes should spark a new wave of interest in the DED pathosystem, as it should lead to the formal identification of genes modulating parasitic fitness. (sisef.it)

The aim of this study is to present a brief literature review about the colonization of Candida spp. (bvsalud.org)
5] Antibiotic treatment alone led to increased Candida colonization but did not affect dissemination. (medscape.com)

C. albicans is commonly used as a model organism for biology. (ensembl.org)

This analysis pointed to a gene duplication event that occurred at the IFIT1 locus early in mammalian evolution, more than 100 million years ago. (elifesciences.org)

Anatomy4

Organisms6

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs23

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Phenomena and Processes11

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Pathogen11

Strains13

Isolates17

Species22

Yeast15

Infections6

Protein19

Virulence Factors1

Fungi5

Tropicalis3

Candidiasis10

Pathogens4

Glabrata1

Fungus5

Cytology1

Yeasts1

Systemic1

Dubliniensis5

Infection6

Characterization1

Phenotypic1

Regulation5

Diploid3

Invasive2

Aspergillus1

Mucosal2

Fluconazole1

Cerevisiae3

20172

Proteins2

Differentially2

Emergence of drug resistance1

Filamentation1

Clinical1

ERG114

Staphylococcus1

Transcriptional control2

Pathways3

Vitro3

Molecular3

Expression8

Hyphal growth1

Biosynthesis1

Analyses2

Human2

Overgrowth1

MeSH1

Parasitic1

Colonization2

Commonly1

Locus1