• The researchers reported their findings, "Epigenetic Modulation of Estrogen Receptor-α by pRb Family Proteins: A Novel Mechanism in Breast Cancer," in the Aug. 15 issue of the journal Cancer Research (abstract 67/16/7731). (sciencedaily.com)
  • abstract = "Advanced breast cancers represent a major therapeutic challenge due to their refractoriness to treatment. (lu.se)
  • Finally, we assessed the antitumor activity of Z-endoxifen across a broad panel of ER+, ER-negative (ER−), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • this may be in part because they have a higher rate of triple-negative breast cancer (negative for estrogen and progesterone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor [HER2] oncogene), which has a poorer prognosis than other types. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 08/14/23 gen, progesterone hormone receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). (bvsalud.org)
  • In the version of this article initially published online, the estrogen receptor and RNA PolII binding data were aligned incorrectly in the top panel of Figure 3, which represents estrogen receptor binding at the ESR1 gene region. (nature.com)
  • In humans, ERα is encoded by the gene ESR1 (EStrogen Receptor 1). (wikipedia.org)
  • Hence, I aimed to expand the search for further ESR1 fusions in advanced breast cancer disease and to characterize the functional role of ESR1 fusions (ESR1-DAB2, ESR1-GYG1 and ESR1-SOX9) our lab published earlier along with the ESR1-LPP fusion found in a PDX-model. (pitt.edu)
  • ER activity assays via luciferase assay and qRT-PCR demonstrated estrogen-independent constitutive activity of ESR1 fusions that is unresponsive to anti-endocrine treatment. (pitt.edu)
  • While ESR1-DAB2 and ESR1-SOX9 fusions induced the transcription of estrogen-responsive genes, only ESR1-SOX9 demonstrated statistically significant estrogen-independent proliferation in stable expressing T47D cells. (pitt.edu)
  • Since ESR1 fusions with loss of LBD are recurrent in therapy-refractory ER-positive breast cancer, further comprehensive studies are needed (1) to determine their true frequency, (2) to understand their mechanism of action and (3) to determine their value as prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers. (pitt.edu)
  • BACKGROUND: The estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) is a mediator of estrogen response in the breast. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We conducted logistic regression analyses to assess the risk of breast cancer by each of the ESR1 genotypes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the ESR1 polymorphisms do not play a role in breast cancer risk in Caucasian postmenopausal women. (ox.ac.uk)
  • ESR1 mutations as well as crosstalk with other signaling networks lead to ligand independent activation of ER thus rendering anti-estrogens ineffective, particularly when treatment involved anti-estrogens that do not degrade ERa. (preprints.org)
  • A point mutation in the estrogen receptor alpha gene, ESR1, referred to as A908G or K303R, was originally identified in breast hyperplasias and was reported to be hypersensitive to estrogen. (duke.edu)
  • METHODS: In this report, we evaluated risk factors for invasive breast cancer classified according to the presence or absence of the ESR1 A908G mutation in the CBCS, a population-based case-control study of breast cancer among younger and older white and African-American women in North Carolina. (duke.edu)
  • RESULTS: ESR1 A908G mutation-positive breast cancer was significantly associated with a first-degree family history of breast cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 2.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15 to 6.28), whereas mutation-negative breast cancer was not. (duke.edu)
  • CONCLUSION: These preliminary results suggest that OCs may interact with the ESR1 A908G mutant receptor to drive the development of some breast tumors. (duke.edu)
  • it is traditionally treated with therapies like tamoxifen or letrozole that target the hormone receptor pathway. (uclahealth.org)
  • A total of 213 consecutive premenopausal women with breast cancer who received tamoxifen treatment after curative surgery and underwent three mammograms (baseline, after tamoxifen treatment, after tamoxifen discontinuation) were included. (springer.com)
  • Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative G, Davies C, Godwin J et al (2011) Relevance of breast cancer hormone receptors and other factors to the efficacy of adjuvant tamoxifen: patient-level meta-analysis of randomised trials. (springer.com)
  • MacNab MW, Tallarida RJ, Joseph R (1984) An evaluation of tamoxifen as a partial agonist by classical receptor theory-an explanation of the dual action of tamoxifen. (springer.com)
  • Cuzick J, Warwick J, Pinney E et al (2011) Tamoxifen-induced reduction in mammographic density and breast cancer risk reduction: a nested case-control study. (springer.com)
  • Li J, Humphreys K, Eriksson L, Edgren G, Czene K, Hall P (2013) Mammographic density reduction is a prognostic marker of response to adjuvant tamoxifen therapy in postmenopausal patients with breast cancer. (springer.com)
  • Ko KL, Shin IS, You JY, Jung SY, Ro J, Lee ES (2013) Adjuvant tamoxifen-induced mammographic breast density reduction as a predictor for recurrence in estrogen receptor-positive premenopausal breast cancer patients. (springer.com)
  • Conclusion: Expression of ERβ is an independent marker for favorable prognosis after adjuvant tamoxifen treatment in ERα-negative breast cancer patients, and involves a gene expression program distinct from ERα. (lu.se)
  • In previous studies (see publication 1254 , publication 5621 ) a decrease in efficacy of the selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen was observed in breast cancer cells exposed to electromagnetic fields . (emf-portal.org)
  • Tamoxifen is applied in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer therapy as it binds to estrogen receptors of breast cancer cells and through this prevents their proliferation . (emf-portal.org)
  • It is reported that in tumors which express higher amounts of coactivators and less corepressors tamoxifen induces proliferation of the breast cancer cells and significantly reduces the disease -free survival. (emf-portal.org)
  • The observed increased estrogen receptor coactivators expression and decreased estrogen receptor corepressors can explain the decrease in efficacy of tamoxifen during exposure to electromagnetic fields . (emf-portal.org)
  • Natural and synthetic ERα ligands are classified as agonists (17β-estradiol/E2), selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs: Tamoxifen/Tam and Raloxifene/ Ral), and pure antagonists (ICI 182,780-Fulvestrant/ ICI), according to the response they elicit in hormone responsive cells. (unina.it)
  • That study found that a high H:I expression ratio is associated with an increased rate of relapse and mortality in ER-positive, lymph node- negative cancer patients treated with surgery and tamoxifen. (questdiagnostics.com)
  • The tamoxifen metabolite, Z-endoxifen, demonstrated promising antitumor activity in endocrine-resistant estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) tamoxifen is commonly prescribed for prevention of breast cancer and the treatment of early, advanced, and metastatic pre- and postmenopausal estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved a new drug to treat patients with advanced breast cancer, signaling a new strategy for arresting tumor growth and extending the time before cancer worsens in women with metastatic disease. (uclahealth.org)
  • The drug, Ibrance (palbociclib), was studied in 165 post-menopausal women with advanced estrogen-receptor positive (ER+) and HER2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer who had received no prior systemic therapy for their metastatic disease. (uclahealth.org)
  • I believe palbociclib will now become a standard treatment approach for postmenopausal women with ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer. (uclahealth.org)
  • A phase 2 study evaluated the drug in 165 post-menopausal women with advanced ER+/HER2- breast cancer who had not received prior systemic therapy for their metastatic disease. (uclahealth.org)
  • Over 80 percent of the women in the study with metastatic ER+ breast cancer received some benefit from the treatment. (uclahealth.org)
  • A few years later, doctors discovered that the breast cancer had returned as metastatic disease in her bones. (uclahealth.org)
  • In this video, Drs. Jame Abraham, Erin Roesch, and Azka Ali discuss the management of a patient with de novo metastatic estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. (ascopost.com)
  • Our final installment will focus on management of metastatic ER-positive breast cancer. (ascopost.com)
  • Metastatic estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer is an incurable disease that remains a clinical challenge and a public health burden. (pitt.edu)
  • Over 40,000 women die each year from breast cancer and over 90% of these are due to metastatic disease. (pitt.edu)
  • Secondary breast cancer is also called advanced breast cancer or metastatic breast cancer. (macmillan.org.uk)
  • GAGs and PGs perform multiple functions in specific stages of the metastatic cascade due to their defined structure and ability to interact with both ligands and receptors regulating cancer pathogenesis. (hindawi.com)
  • When that happens, the cancer is called metastatic. (webmd.com)
  • No staging system exists for cancers of unknown primary origin-more precisely, histologically proven metastatic malignant tumors for which the primary site cannot be identified during pretreatment evaluation. (medscape.com)
  • Metastatic adenocarcinoma presenting as isolated axillary lymphadenopathy in women is usually a manifestation of an occult breast primary cancer . (medscape.com)
  • METHODS: We have analysed short- and long-read RNA sequencing data from breast tumours, breast cancer cell lines, and normal tissues to create a comprehensive annotation of ER transcripts and combined it with experimental studies of full-length protein and six alternative isoforms. (lu.se)
  • Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a ligand activated transcription factor that controls key cellular pathways via protein−protein interactions involving multiple components of transcriptional coregulator and signal transduction complexes. (unina.it)
  • Crystallographic analyses reveal ligand dependent ERα conformations, characterized by specific surface docking sites for functional protein−protein interactions, whose identification is needed to understand antiestrogen effects on estrogen target tissues, in particular breast cancer (BC). (unina.it)
  • Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), also known as NR3A1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group A, member 1), is one of two main types of estrogen receptor, a nuclear receptor (mainly found as a chromatin-binding protein) that is activated by the sex hormone estrogen. (wikipedia.org)
  • Inhibiting this protein resulted in the desired increased expression of the estrogen receptor. (unibas.ch)
  • To provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of their activity and selectivity, we determined the crystal structures of the ERalpha ligand-binding domain (LBD) and a peptide from the glucocorticoid receptor-interacting protein 1 (GRIP1) coactivator complexed with the ligands OBCP-3M, OBCP-2M, and OBCP-1M. (rcsb.org)
  • We used immunohistochemistry to evaluate differences in apoptosis (quantified by the expression of cleaved caspase-3) and cell proliferation (quantified by the expression of Ki-67) in 56 advanced serous ovarian cancer cases, stratified according to the absence or presence of estrogen receptor β2 (ERβ2) protein in the cytoplasmic compartment (31 cERβ2- and 25 cERβ2+ cases, respectively). (unicatt.it)
  • Altogether, these data provide new insights on the protein-protein interaction networks controlled by ER-a and -b that mediate their ability to transduce estrogen signaling in breast cancer cells. (unica.it)
  • RT‑qPCR and western blotting results showed that treatment with 30 mM glucose for 12, 24 and 48 h increased the expression level of estrogen‑related receptor α (ERRα) mRNA and protein. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Breast cancer cells are sensitized by piperine to radiotherapy through estrogen receptor-α mediated modulation of a key NHEJ repair protein- DNA-PK. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cancer receptor protein used in Estrogen Alfa with PDB code 2JF9. (simulations-plus.com)
  • In a previous study, the researchers found that in estrogen receptor-positive and estrogen receptor-negative mammary cell lines of women who have been affected with breast cancer, the tumor-suppressing gene pRb2/p130 binds to a specific region of the estrogen receptor gene alpha and forms molecular complexes recruiting and/or interacting with several proteins. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Interestingly, it also seemed that the level of ER-β mRNA varied among breast tumors but was not correlated with the expression of ER-α (4) , although the two receptor mRNAs were often coexpressed in the same tumor. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Forty invasive ductal carcinomas were selected from the National Cancer Institute of Canada-Manitoba Breast Tumor Bank (Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Until recently, a patient's breast cancer prognosis depended on limited variables, such as tumor size and grade, patient age, lymph node involvement and hormone-receptor status," explains Richard A. Bender, M.D., F.A.C.P, Quest Diagnostics' Medical Director for Oncology. (questdiagnostics.com)
  • As we identify prognostic biomarkers in tumor types, we can further pinpoint and classify cancers so clinicians can appropriately benefit from the promising new targeted cancer therapies and make treatment decisions that may yield optimal outcomes for their patients. (questdiagnostics.com)
  • We developed BipotentR, a computational approach to find cancer-cell-specific regulators that simultaneously modulate tumor immunity and another oncogenic pathway. (biorxiv.org)
  • We demonstrated that, although not affecting tumor proliferation, cytoplasmic ERβ2 expression was indeed associated to a lower apoptotic rate in ovarian cancer cases. (unicatt.it)
  • Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant constituents of the tumor microenvironment and have been linked to most hallmarks of cancer. (lu.se)
  • Notably, CAFs mediated estrogen-independent tumor growth by selectively regulating ER-α signaling. (lu.se)
  • In conclusion, our work reveals that CAFs directly control the luminal breast cancer phenotype by selectively modulating ER-α expression and transcriptional function, and further proposes novel targets to disrupt the crosstalk between CAFs and tumor cells to reinstate treatment response to endocrine therapy in patients. (lu.se)
  • Therapeutically targeting tumor microenvironment-mediated drug resistance in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. (kettenbachlab.org)
  • The consecutive stages of cancer growth and dissemination are obligatorily perpetrated through specific interactions of the tumor cells with their microenvironment. (hindawi.com)
  • The goals of breast cancer surgery include the complete resection of the primary tumor, with negative margins to reduce the risk of local recurrences, and pathologic staging of the tumor and axillary lymph nodes to provide necessary prognostic information. (medscape.com)
  • SERMs bind to estrogen receptors and activate estrogen pathways in some tissue while blocking its effects in other types of tissue. (rxlist.com)
  • These agents bind to estrogen receptors, preventing stimulating effects of estrogen on nucleic acid synthesis. (medscape.com)
  • Oestrogen Receptor-α binds the FOXP3 promoter and modulates regulatory T-cell function in human cervical cancer. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Competitively binds to estrogen receptor, producing nuclear complex that decreases DNA synthesis and inhibits estrogen effects. (medscape.com)
  • They discovered that in estrogen receptor-negative cells - which are able to silence the expression of the estrogen receptor - pRb2/p130 forms a specific molecular complex recruiting a different sequence of proteins than in the estrogen receptor-positive cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Our hypothesis is that the sequence of epigenetic events for establishing and maintaining the silenced state of the estrogen receptor gene alpha during the breast cancer progression is mediated by pRb2/p130 in association with specific proteins that modified the DNA structure through specific mechanisms," said Giordano, who discovered the Rb2 gene while working at Temple's Fels Cancer Institute in the early 1990s. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Developed by Pfizer, Ibrance targets proteins in cancer cells - cyclin D kinase 4 (CDK 4) and cyclin D kinase 6 (CDK 6) - preventing the cells from dividing. (uclahealth.org)
  • These are proteins produced by some cancers. (macmillan.org.uk)
  • To investigate the molecular bases of such differences, we performed a comparative computational analysis of the nuclear interactomes of the two ER subtypes, exploiting two datasets of receptor interacting proteins identified in breast cancer cell nuclei by Tandem Affinity Purification for their ability to associate in vivo with ligand- activated ER-a and/or ER-b. (unica.it)
  • These datasets comprise 498 proteins, of which only 70 are common to both ERs, suggesting that differences in the nature of the two ER interactomes are likely to sustain the distinct roles of the two receptor subtypes. (unica.it)
  • It altered the estrogen receptor α/ß ratio and the expression of estrogen -responsive proteins of DDR and NHEJ pathway. (bvsalud.org)
  • In conclusion, our study for the first time reported that piperine sensitizes breast cancer cells to radiation by accumulating DNA breaks , through altering the expression of DNA-PK Complex, and DDR proteins , via selective estrogen receptor modulation, offering a novel strategy for combating radioresistance. (bvsalud.org)
  • Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) of the breast typically presents with clinical biomarkers consistent with a favorable response to endocrine therapies, and over 90 % of ILC cases express the estrogen receptor (ER). (nih.gov)
  • The researchers were able to use differentiation to treat an especially aggressive type of carcinoma called triple negative breast cancer. (unibas.ch)
  • To investigate the phenotype associated with estrogen receptor alpha (ER) expression in breast carcinoma, gene expression profiles of 58 node-negative breast carcinomas discordant for ER status were determined using DNA microarray technology. (lu.se)
  • Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is cancer that grows in the milk-producing glands of your breast. (healthline.com)
  • Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common type of breast cancer. (healthline.com)
  • Breast cancer usually begins either in your glands that make milk (called lobular carcinoma ) or the ducts that carry it to the nipple (called ductal carcinoma ). (webmd.com)
  • A prospective study of weight gain in women diagnosed with early-stage invasive breast cancer, ductal carcinoma in situ, and women without breast cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • We therefore examined factors associated with =5% weight gain over 2-year follow-up of a cohort of newly diagnosed early-stage invasive breast cancer (EIBC) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) patients and age-matched controls without a breast cancer history. (cdc.gov)
  • Breast cancer can be divided into two main groups: non-invasive or carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma. (who.int)
  • One third of patients with cancer of unknown primary origin have poorly or undifferentiated carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • Breast cancer cells that are ER+ depend on the hormone oestrogen to grow. (cancerqld.org.au)
  • In preclinical trials, the drug showed encouraging results against human breast cancer cells in culture dishes - and specifically against ER+ cancer cells. (uclahealth.org)
  • Oestrogen controls Foxp3 expression in regulatory T cells (Treg cells) via a mechanism thought to involve oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα), but the molecular basis and functional impact of ERα signalling in Treg cells remain unclear. (ncbs.res.in)
  • We report that ERα ligand oestradiol (E2) is significantly increased in human cervical cancer (CxCa) tissues and tumour-infiltrating Treg cells (CD4+CD25hiCD127low), whereas blocking ERα with the antagonist ICI 182,780 abolishes FOXP3 expression and impairs the function of CxCa infiltrating Treg cells. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Interestingly, the ER-β mRNA expression was specifically decreased by progestin in T-47D breast cancer cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Electromagnetic fields alter the expression of estrogen receptor cofactors in breast cancer cells med. (emf-portal.org)
  • This in vitro study should analyze the changes in expression of cofactors of the estrogen receptors in human breast cancer cells exposed to low frequency electromagnetic fields . (emf-portal.org)
  • The gene expression of both coactivators were more strongly expressed in the exposed breast cancer cells while the gene expression of the two corepressors decreased. (emf-portal.org)
  • We mapped all estrogen receptor and RNA polymerase II binding sites on a genome-wide scale, identifying the authentic cis binding sites and target genes, in breast cancer cells. (nature.com)
  • A plethora of evidence suggests that aberrant epigenetic signatures in breast cancer cells can result in differential responses to various chemotherapeutics and often leads to the development of resistant cancer cells. (diagenode.com)
  • Hence, we hypothesized that 27-HC, an oxysterol, which has been shown to induce breast cancer progression estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and liver X receptor (LXR) and by modulating immune cells, may also induce epigenetic changes. (diagenode.com)
  • For deciphering the same, we treated the estrogen receptor-positive cells with 27-HC and identified DNA hypermethylation on a subset of genes by performing DNA bisulfite sequencing. (diagenode.com)
  • These results identify a pivotal role for ERα in the hypothalamus, in addition to its role in the estrogen-driven maturation through theca and interstitial cells of the ovary. (wikipedia.org)
  • Further, WNT4 was required for endocrine response in ILC cells, as WNT4 knockdown blocked estrogen-induced proliferation. (nih.gov)
  • WNT4 drives a novel signaling pathway in ILC cells, with a critical role in estrogen-induced growth that may also mediate endocrine resistance. (nih.gov)
  • Inhibition of top candidate ESRRA (Estrogen Related Receptor Alpha) killed tumors by direct effects on energy metabolism and two immune mechanisms: (i) cytokine induction, causing proinflammatory macrophage polarization (ii) antigen-presentation stimulation, recruiting CD8 + T cells into tumors. (biorxiv.org)
  • Secondary breast cancer is when cancer cells from a cancer that started in the breast spread to other parts of the body. (macmillan.org.uk)
  • But sometimes the cancer cells spread through the blood or the lymphatic system to other parts of the body. (macmillan.org.uk)
  • Breast cancer cells that have spread may form another tumour. (macmillan.org.uk)
  • The tumour in the other part of the body is made up of breast cancer cells. (macmillan.org.uk)
  • To find new ways to treat triple-negative breast cancer, researchers have differentiated cancer cells to convert them into less harmful cells that no longer divide. (unibas.ch)
  • Cancer cells resemble stem cells in being extremely adaptable. (unibas.ch)
  • University of Basel researchers have identified compounds that artificially mature breast cancer cells of the highly aggressive triple negative subtype and convert them to a state that resembles normal cells. (unibas.ch)
  • Cancer occurs when cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other organs in the body. (unibas.ch)
  • Cancer cells differ from normal cells in many ways. (unibas.ch)
  • One characteristic of cancer cells is their high adaptability to different environments in the body and to drug treatments. (unibas.ch)
  • Researchers at the University of Basel and the University Hospital Basel have tested the possibility of artificially maturing (or more precisely, differentiating) breast cancer cells as an approach to turn them into a more normal type of cell. (unibas.ch)
  • We show here that we can convert breast cancer cells to less harmful cells that stop growing," says Bentires-Alj who is a group leader at the Department of Biomedicine. (unibas.ch)
  • The hormone estrogen acts as a signaling molecule in cells by binding to its cognate receptor, the estrogen receptor, thereby inducing a range of biological effects. (unibas.ch)
  • In the normal breast, cells that express the estrogen receptor are mature specialized breast cells and do not proliferate. (unibas.ch)
  • In contrast, in a fraction of breast cancers cells that express the estrogen receptor proliferate significantly. (unibas.ch)
  • To the researchers' surprise, this did not just convert the triple-negative breast cancer cells to a more manageable type of cancer cells. (unibas.ch)
  • Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that define cancer and how these mechanisms differ from normal cells is crucial for developing new innovative therapies," says Bentires-Alj. (unibas.ch)
  • MCF7 human breast cancer cells stably transfected with the human aromatase gene (MCF7AC1) [ 12 ] (a kind gift from Angela H. Brodie, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD), were cultured in phenol-red-free IMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 600 μg/ml geneticin (G418). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we reveal that spatial coincidence of abundant CAF infiltration with malignant cells was associated with reduced estrogen receptor (ER)-α expression and activity in luminal breast tumors. (lu.se)
  • Finally, genes that were downregulated in cancer cells by CAFs were predictive of poor response to endocrine treatment. (lu.se)
  • A study has demonstrated that activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α)/ERRα pathway increases VEGF expression and angiogenesis in endothelial cells, which suggests that ERRα may be involved in the pathogenesis of DR ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • METHODS AND MATERIALS Estrogen receptor -positive/negative, breast cancer cells were cultured to understand the synergetic effects of piperine with radiotherapy . (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we have explored RNF8 as an associated partner of ERalpha in breast cancer cells, and co-activates ERalpha-mediated transactivation. (polyplus-sartorius.com)
  • Breast cancer occurs when breast cells develop mutations and begin to divide and multiply. (healthline.com)
  • Breast cancer is cancer that develops in breast cells. (healthline.com)
  • The uncontrolled cancer cells often invade other healthy breast tissue and can travel to the lymph nodes under the arms. (healthline.com)
  • With DCIS, the cancer cells are confined to the ducts in your breast and haven't invaded the surrounding breast tissue. (healthline.com)
  • Like DCIS, the cancer cells haven't invaded the surrounding tissue. (healthline.com)
  • Breast cancer is when the cells under one or both breasts grow out of control. (webmd.com)
  • This type happens when the cancer cells don't have the right hormonal receptors. (webmd.com)
  • Estrogen Alfa (ERα) is a receptor used as the main marker to identify the presence of tumors in the breast.compounds Gendarusin A-E have anticancer activity by inhibiting the poliferation of cancer cells and inducing apoptosis. (simulations-plus.com)
  • It works by stopping growth of cancer cells, dependent on estrogen, by blocking the ability of estrogen to bind. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The mechanisms that silence the estrogen receptor gene alpha, in certain breast cancer cell lines may be closer to being unlocked, according to a new study. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The researcher says this study provides a basis for understanding how the complex pattern of estrogen receptor gene alpha methylation and transcriptional silencing is generated, as well as for understanding the relationship between this pattern and its function during breast cancer progression. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The mechanisms that silence the estrogen receptor gene alpha (ER-α) in certain breast cancer cell lines may be closer to being unlocked, according to a study by researchers at Temple University's Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In other words, the presence of a specific pRb2/p130 multimolecular complex may dictate a local change of the DNA structure of the estrogen receptor alpha gene and influence its susceptibility to chemical modification (DNA methylation), as well as to different epigenetic alterations leading to estrogen receptor alpha silencing," added Marcella Macaluso, research assistant professor at the Sbarro Institute and the study's lead author. (sciencedaily.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Oestrogen receptor alpha (ER) is involved in cell growth and proliferation and functions as a transcription factor, a transcriptional coregulator, and in cytoplasmic signalling. (lu.se)
  • Estrogen receptor-alpha directs ordered, cyclical, and combinatorial recruitment of cofactors on a natural target promoter. (nature.com)
  • Cheng, K. K.W. , Dickson, A. , Gujam, F. J.A. , McMillan, D. C. and Edwards, J. (2017) The relationship between oestrogen receptor-alpha phosphorylation and the tumour microenvironment in patients with primary operable ductal breast cancer. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Oestrogen Receptor alpha (ER? (gla.ac.uk)
  • Estrogen receptors alpha (ERalpha) and beta (ERbeta) have distinct functions and differential expression in certain tissues. (rcsb.org)
  • Estrogen receptor alpha polymorphisms and postmenopausal breast cancer risk. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Estrogen Receptor alpha and beta (ER-a and -b) are members of the nuclear receptor family of transcriptional regulators with distinct roles in mediating estrogen dependent breast cancer cell growth and differentiation. (unica.it)
  • Signaling from estrogen receptor alpha (ER) and its ligand estradiol (E2) is critical for growth of ~70% of breast cancers. (preprints.org)
  • However, the biological functions of RNF8 in estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)-positive breast cancer and underlying mechanisms have not been fully defined. (polyplus-sartorius.com)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Risk factors for breast cancer characterized by the estrogen receptor alpha A908G (K303R) mutation. (duke.edu)
  • INTRODUCTION: Estrogen is important in the development of breast cancer, and its biological effects are mediated primarily through the two estrogen receptors alpha and beta. (duke.edu)
  • Both estrogen and antiestrogen can mediate transcriptional activity via the recently identified ER 3 -β (1, 2, 3) . (aacrjournals.org)
  • The estrogen receptor is the master transcriptional regulator of breast cancer phenotype and the archetype of a molecular therapeutic target. (nature.com)
  • Our study describes RNF8 as a co-activator of ERalpha increases ERalpha stability via post-transcriptional pathway, and provides a new insight into mechanisms for RNF8 to promote cell growth of ERalpha-positive breast cancer. (polyplus-sartorius.com)
  • In addition, piperine shares common pharmacophore features with most of the known estrogen agonists and antagonists. (bvsalud.org)
  • Elacestrant is in a class of medications called estrogen receptor antagonists. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The aims of this study are to investigate (i) the relationship between p-S118/p-S167 and the tumour microenvironment, and (ii) the effect of p-S118/167 on survival and recurrence in ER-positive primary operable ductal breast cancers. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Immunohistochemical staining of p-S118 and p-S167 was performed and their association with clinicopathological characteristics, cancer-specific survival (CSS) and recurrence-free interval (RFI) were examined. (gla.ac.uk)
  • SAN ANTONIO, Dec. 14 /PRNewswire-FirstCall/ -- Clinicians will have a new prognostic tool in the battle against breast cancer, as Quest Diagnostics Incorporated (NYSE: DGX) announced today that it has introduced its newly developed test, the Breast Cancer Gene Expression Ratio (HOXB13:IL17BR), to help physicians predict the risk of disease recurrence in women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, lymph node-negative breast cancer. (questdiagnostics.com)
  • Quest Diagnostics is the first company to develop a breast cancer recurrence test based on licensed gene-expression profiling technology from AviaraDx Inc., a molecular cancer profiling company located in Carlsbad, California. (questdiagnostics.com)
  • In an 852-patient retrospective study published recently in the Journal of Clinical Oncology(1), Ma and colleagues found that the HOXB13:IL17BR ratio (H:I expression ratio) independently predicted breast cancer recurrence in patients with ER-positive, lymph-node negative cancer. (questdiagnostics.com)
  • With the H:I measurement, we now have more information to help predict the likelihood of disease recurrence in patients with ER-positive, node-negative breast cancers. (questdiagnostics.com)
  • Breast cancer that comes back in the breast, chest, scar or lymph nodes nearby is called a local or regional recurrence. (macmillan.org.uk)
  • If you have a local or regional recurrence, you may have tests to check the cancer has not spread to other parts of the body. (macmillan.org.uk)
  • We have more information about breast cancer recurrence . (macmillan.org.uk)
  • Gerald L. Andriole Objective: To identify which patients with prostate cancer are at high risk for local or distant recurrence after radical prostatectomy. (karger.com)
  • D.W.W. Newling The early recurrence of prostate cancer originally staged as locally more than T2 and nonmetastatic, cast doubts over the adequacy of the staging of this form of the disease. (karger.com)
  • It remains unclear, however, whether vaginal estrogen therapy can affect breast cancer recurrence or mortality in this patient population. (medscape.com)
  • Background: Weight gain after breast cancer has been associated with recurrence and mortality. (cdc.gov)
  • TNBCs are associated with high recurrence rates, rapid metastases, poor survival, and in- creased mortality compared with other histologic breast cancer subtypes. (bvsalud.org)
  • A multiyear phase 2 study found a significantly higher progression-free survival rate for patients with advanced ER+/HER2- breast cancer who were given palbociclib in addition to letrozole, a standard anti-estrogen treatment, compared with women who received letrozole alone. (uclahealth.org)
  • David J. Grignon In spite of the slow progression rates common to most prostate cancers , it is well recognized that a subset of patients will experience a more aggressive course with many losing their lives to this malignancy. (karger.com)
  • Non-homologous end joining, an important DNA -double-stranded break repair pathway, plays a prominent role in conferring resistance to radiotherapeutic agents, resulting in cancer progression and relapse . (bvsalud.org)
  • Up-regulation of ERalpha-induced transactivation by RNF8 might contribute to the promotion of breast cancer progression by allowing enhancement of ERalpha target gene expression. (polyplus-sartorius.com)
  • Elacestrant is used to treat certain types of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (breast cancer that depends on hormones such as estrogen to grow) in adults who have had disease progression following treatment with at least one other hormone therapies. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Tumour development, histology and grade of breast cancers: prognosis and progression. (who.int)
  • The estrogen receptor (ER) is a ligand-activated transcription factor composed of several domains important for hormone binding, DNA binding, and activation of transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • The triple-negative breast cancer subtype however, is not susceptible to estrogens or anti-estrogens. (unibas.ch)
  • Therefore, several drugs that inhibit ER functions are in clinical use for decades and new classes of anti-estrogens are continuously being developed. (preprints.org)
  • Mechanism of resistance to anti-estrogens is one of the intensely studied disciplines in breast cancer. (preprints.org)
  • As a result of these studies, several therapies that combine anti-estrogens that degrade ER with PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors targeting growth factor signaling or CDK4/6 inhibitors targeting cell cycle machinery are used clinically to treat recurrent ER+ breast cancers. (preprints.org)
  • Therefore, IL6/STAT3 and ER oncogenic pathways are functionally decoupled, highlighting the potential of IL6/STAT3-targeted therapies in ER+ breast cancer. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • Because they are susceptible to estrogen, they can be treated with anti-estrogenic therapies, which are highly effective in patients. (unibas.ch)
  • Women with breast cancer who use vaginal estrogen therapies, such as tablets or creams, do not face an increased risk for breast cancer-specific mortality, which can provide some reassurance to patients and providers that vaginal estrogen therapies are safe in this population. (medscape.com)
  • Breast cancer prognosis is highly related to tumour characteristics, such as oestrogen receptor (ER) status. (bmj.com)
  • Methods and results: Patients presenting at three Glasgow hospitals between 1995 and 1998 with invasive ductal ER-positive primary breast cancers were studied (n = 294). (gla.ac.uk)
  • SERMs are also used to treat ovulatory dysfunction and to reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women at risk or who have osteoporosis. (rxlist.com)
  • We recently detected this mutation at a low frequency of 6% in invasive breast tumors of the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (CBCS). (duke.edu)
  • There are several types of breast cancer, and they're broken into two main categories: invasive and noninvasive. (healthline.com)
  • While invasive cancer has spread from the breast ducts or glands to other parts of the breast, noninvasive cancer has not spread from the original tissue. (healthline.com)
  • Invasive cancers. (webmd.com)
  • It accounts for about 10% of invasive breast cancers. (webmd.com)
  • Cite this: Vaginal Estrogen Therapy Safe for Women With Breast Cancer - Medscape - Nov 03, 2023. (medscape.com)
  • Aims: Although the role of phosphorylation of oestrogen receptor (ER) at serines 118 (p-S118) and 167 (p-S167) has been studied, the relationship between p-S118, p-S167 and the tumour microenvironment in ER-positive primary operable ductal breast cancers have not been investigated. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Blood tests can also measure tumour markers for secondary breast cancer. (macmillan.org.uk)
  • We evaluated whether these polymorphisms were associated with breast cancer risk by means of an association study in a population of Caucasian postmenopausal women from the Rotterdam study and a meta-analysis of published data. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In postmenopausal women, obesity increases the risk of breast cancer. (who.int)
  • Breast cancer can be grouped into different subtypes, as shown below, to characterize and compare therapeutic mortalities. (who.int)
  • A gene-expression signature as a predictor of survival in breast cancer. (nature.com)
  • This adult ovarian phenotype suggests that in the absence of ERα, estrogen is no longer able to perform negative feedback on the hypothalamus, resulting in chronically elevated LH levels and constant ovarian stimulation. (wikipedia.org)
  • ERα is thought to be responsible for pubertal development of the adult phenotype, through mediation of mammary gland response to estrogens. (wikipedia.org)
  • It also clearly shows that cancer is not the event of one gene, but an army of genes and it looks like pRb2/p130 is one of the generals. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Combining this unique resource with gene expression data demonstrates distinct temporal mechanisms of estrogen-mediated gene regulation, particularly in the case of estrogen-suppressed genes. (nature.com)
  • This study reports that 27-HC induces aberrant DNA methylation changes on the promoters of a subset of genes through modulation of ERα and DNMT3B complexes to induce the local DNA methylation changes, which may dictate drug responses and breast cancer development. (diagenode.com)
  • Launched at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, December 14 - 17, 2006, the Breast Cancer Gene Expression Ratio is based on the ratio of the expression of two genes: the homeobox gene-B13 (HOXB13) and the interleukin- 17B receptor gene (IL17BR). (questdiagnostics.com)
  • Whereas most prototypical estrogen-responsive genes were suppressed, CAFs maintained gene expression related to therapeutic resistance, basal-like differentiation, and invasion. (lu.se)
  • Cancer occurs when changes called mutations take place in genes that regulate cell growth. (healthline.com)
  • When the level of estrogen receptor (ER)-β mRNA in tumors, determined by reverse transcription-PCR, was assessed according to either ER status or PR status alone, determined by ligand binding assays, the level of ER-β mRNA was significantly lower in PR+ tumors compared with PR−tumors ( P = 0.036), and no association with ER status was found. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, this resource has allowed the identification of cis -regulatory sites in previously unexplored regions of the genome and the cooperating transcription factors underlying estrogen signaling in breast cancer. (nature.com)
  • Figure 4: Identification of enriched motifs within the estrogen receptor binding sites and validation of transcription factor binding. (nature.com)
  • Figure 5: Involvement of cooperating transcription factors at estrogen receptor binding sites. (nature.com)
  • Finally, ERα appears to mediate positive feedback effects of estrogen on the brain's secretion of GnRH and LH, by way increasing expression of kisspeptin in neurons of the arcuate nucleus and anteroventral periventricular nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although classical studies have suggested that negative feedback effects of estrogen also operate through ERα, female mice lacking ERα in kisspeptin-expressing neurons continue to demonstrate a degree of negative feedback response. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the current study, lead by Antonio Giordano, M.D., Ph.D., director of the Sbarro Institute, the researchers showed that the presence of specific pRb2/p130 multimolecular complexes bound to the estrogen receptor gene strongly correlates with the methylation (chemical modification) of the gene. (sciencedaily.com)
  • As estrogen receptors can be modified by cofactors , gene expression of these cofactors (coactivator: AIB1, SRC-1, corepressor: N- Cor , SMRT) should be elucidated. (emf-portal.org)
  • Figure 1: Summary of estrogen receptor and RNA PolII binding sites and correlation with nucleotide and gene number. (nature.com)
  • Figure 3: Estrogen receptor and RNA PolII binding relative to specific gene targets. (nature.com)
  • Gene expression profiling predicts clinical outcome of breast cancer. (nature.com)
  • Gene-expression profiles to predict distant metastasis of lymph-node-negative primary breast cancer. (nature.com)
  • The ILC cell lines MDA-MB-134-VI, SUM44PE, and BCK4 were used to assess WNT4 gene expression and regulation, as well as the role of WNT4 in estrogen-regulated proliferation. (nih.gov)
  • In breast cancers that are more likely to recur, the HOXB13 gene tends to be over-expressed, while the IL-17BR gene tends to be under-expressed. (questdiagnostics.com)
  • The clinical value of the Breast Cancer Gene Expression Ratio also is supported by a study published earlier this year in Clinical Cancer Research(2). (questdiagnostics.com)
  • As the nation's leading provider of diagnostic testing, information and services, Quest Diagnostics will provide Breast Cancer Gene Expression Ratio testing to physicians through Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, the company's esoteric testing laboratory in San Juan Capistrano, California, which has validated the test. (questdiagnostics.com)
  • The Breast Cancer Gene Expression Ratio represents a significant advance in personalized medicine in oncology," says Antonius Schuh, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer of AviaraDx Inc., the company that discovered and validated the molecular markers used in the index. (questdiagnostics.com)
  • The most studied variants in this gene are the PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms, which have been associated to lower sensitivity to estrogen. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The results provide evidence that ER+ and ER- tumors display remarkably different gene-expression phenotypes not solely explained by differences in estrogen responsiveness. (lu.se)
  • Biotin-free polymeric visualisation systems (BFPS) were compared with streptavidin-biotin systems (SABS) in the evaluation of immunoreactivity for oestrogen receptor (ER) in breast carcinomas. (bmj.com)
  • The compounds used in this study are already in clinical trials to treat other cancer types, including blood-borne, lung, and pancreatic cancer," the researcher continues. (unibas.ch)
  • This underlines the possibility of testing these compounds in clinics and in treating breast cancer. (unibas.ch)
  • Phytoestrogens are plant-derived polyphenolic compounds, such as isoflavones and lignans that are structurally similar to endogenous estrogens (Cornwell, et al. (cdc.gov)
  • 1995. Organochlorine compounds and estrogen-related cancers in women. (cdc.gov)
  • Interaction of organochlorine compounds with thyroid receptor, transthyretin, and thyroid-binding globulin. (cdc.gov)
  • The consumption of diets high in phytoestrogen-rich foods has been associated with lower rates of hormone-dependent cancers (Peeters et al. (cdc.gov)
  • 2021), unlike the more common hormone-dependent cancers that develop with a lifetime of estrogen exposure, the relative rates of TNBC are higher in younger patients, being more common in patients aged 20 to 39 years. (bvsalud.org)
  • 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-HC) is the first known endogenous selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), and its elevation from normal levels is closely associated with breast cancer. (diagenode.com)
  • Our initial idea was to induce estrogen receptor expression in order to convert triple-negative breast cancer into estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer because of more effective treatment options available for this subtype," says the study's lead author Dr. Milica Vulin. (unibas.ch)
  • In conclusion, we provide in vivo mechanistic evidence for an antiapoptotic function of mitochondrial ERβ2, a finding supporting the value of its cytoplasmic expression as an unfavorable prognostic biomarker for serous ovarian cancer. (unicatt.it)
  • Piperine enhanced the radiation -induced cell death and enhanced the expression and activation of Estrogen receptor ß, while Estrogen receptor α expression and activation were reduced. (bvsalud.org)
  • RNF8 is highly expressed in clinical breast cancer samples and the expression of RNF8 positively correlates with that of ERalpha. (polyplus-sartorius.com)
  • 1994. Ah receptor in embryonic mouse palate and effects of TCDD on receptor expression. (cdc.gov)
  • One potential novel pathway is via the Wnt ligand WNT4, a critical signaling molecule in mammary gland development regulated by the progesterone receptor. (nih.gov)
  • With the FDA approval, this study represents a potential practice-changing result," said Dr. Dennis Slamon , director of the Revlon/UCLA Women's Cancer Research Program and director of clinical and translational research at the Jonsson Cancer Center. (uclahealth.org)
  • This led to a clinical study collaboration with Pfizer led by Finn and Slamon built on work at the Jonsson Cancer Center's Translational Oncology Research Laboratory. (uclahealth.org)
  • A phase 3 international clinical trial of the drug conducted by Finn and Slamon with Pfizer in approximately 660 people with advanced ER+/HER2- breast cancer has been completely enrolled. (uclahealth.org)
  • Dr. Sara Hurvitz , a UCLA oncologist and member of the Jonsson Cancer Center, told Klein about the clinical trial at UCLA. (uclahealth.org)
  • BFPS may represent a high-quality tool for research and clinical evaluation of ER in breast cancer. (bmj.com)
  • It is a key biomarker in clinical management of breast cancer, where it is used as a prognostic and treatment-predictive factor, and a therapeutical target. (lu.se)
  • phosphorylation and clinical outcome measures in ER positive breast cancer. (gla.ac.uk)
  • The study that led to the discovery was designed to identify prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer that provide new, independent information as well as expand on standard clinical and pathological prognostic markers. (questdiagnostics.com)
  • The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) released updated guidelines on the use of lymph node dissection and biopsy for patients with early stage breast cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) belongs to a nuclear receptor superfamily characterized by their high levels of sequence identity to estrogen receptors, and the primary role of ERRα is in energy metabolism ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The piperine effect on Estrogen receptor modulation, DNA - Damage, DNA -Damage-Response, and apoptosis was done by western blotting , immunofluorescence , yeast -based- estrogen -receptor-LacZ-reporter assay, and nuclear translocation analysis . (bvsalud.org)
  • Furthermore, studies in models of psychopathology and neurodegenerative disease states suggest that estrogen receptors mediate the neuroprotective role of estrogen in the brain. (wikipedia.org)
  • Estrogen signaling through ERα appears to be responsible for various aspects of central nervous development, such as synaptogenesis and synaptic remodeling. (wikipedia.org)
  • We demonstrate that IL6/STAT3 signaling drives metastasis in ER+ breast cancer independent of ER. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • Thus, GAGs/PGs may modulate downstream signaling of key cellular mediators including insulin growth factor receptor (IGFR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), estrogen receptors (ERs), or Wnt members. (hindawi.com)
  • Once the cancer enters the lymph nodes, it has access to a pathway to move to other parts of the body. (healthline.com)
  • This is cancer that grows on the blood vessels or lymph vessels in the breast. (healthline.com)
  • This rare cancer begins in blood or lymph vessels in the breast tissue or in the skin of the breast. (webmd.com)
  • To assess these mechanisms in the context of endocrine resistance, we developed novel ILC endocrine-resistant long-term estrogen-deprived (ILC-LTED) models. (nih.gov)
  • In the present review we will focus on breast cancer motility in correlation with their GAG/PG content and critically discuss mechanisms involved. (hindawi.com)
  • Studies are necessary to elucidate mechanisms of weight gain in early-stage breast cancer survivors. (cdc.gov)
  • Free glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycan- (PG-) containing GAGs, key effectors of cell surface, pericellular and extracellular microenvironments, perform multiple functions in cancer by virtue of their coded structure and their ability to interact with both ligands and receptors that regulate cancer growth [ 1 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)