Cancer cells embryonic stem cell embryonic structures. Medical search. Frequent questions

Collagen is the most widely used extracellular matrix (ECM) protein for cell culture, facilitating cell attachment, growth, differentiation, migration, and tissue morphogenesis. (thermofisher.com)
Multilineage differentiation of rhesus monkey embryonic stem cells in three-dimensional culture systems. (thermofisher.com)
Telomerase plays a critical role during embryonic development and stem cell differentiation, when cells divide profusely. (sciencedaily.com)
Human embryonic stem cell differentiation: role of glycosphingolipid structure. (sinica.edu.tw)
NAD-seq has been used to study the biological functions of NAD and the dynamics of NAD distribution during embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation. (umassmed.edu)
At the Stem Cell Differentiation and Cytogenetics Group, we are interested in the effects of ionizing radiation on organs such as the brain, the heart, and the lung trying to elucidate the risks for patients treated with ionizing radiation as well as for astronauts, who are inevitably exposed to ionizing radiation on their missions into space. (gsi.de)
For childhood neoplasms, it is safe to assume that cancer is the product of degeneration in a neoplastic sense of tissues undergoing very rapid proliferation and differentiation, in which proliferative and differentiative programs are being disturbed by increasingly early (maternal-fetal) exposure to a growing number of environmental stressors and pollutants. (frontiersin.org)
Led by Dr. Paula Sotomayor, researchers in the Department of Urologic Oncology at the Roswell Park Cancer Institute in Buffalo, New York have identified Oct4A in a small subset of prostate cells which were negative for many other types of more conventional cancer stem cells markers, such as markers of luminal epithelial and basal epithelial cell differentiation, including the markers ABCG2, NANOG, CD133 and AMACR. (cellmedicine.com)
Yet another subpopulation was found to co-express synaptophysin, while the majority of the Oct4A-expressing cells were found to co-express chromagranin A, both of which are neuroendocrine differentiation markers. (cellmedicine.com)
Further investigations will be focused especially on those various subpopulations of the cells that co-express the neuroendocrine differentiation markers chromagranin A and synaptophysin, both of which offer new and important pieces in the puzzle. (cellmedicine.com)
Furthermore, the decreased expression of the EZH2 gene is crucial for stem cell differentiation into specific cell lineages involved in myogenesis, adipogenesis, osteogenesis, neurogenesis, and haematopoiesis [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
At these sites, which are a compound of stromal cells, extracellular matrix and soluble factors, complex molecular interactions that maintain the essential properties of stem cells occur, such as self-renewal and differentiation into multiple lineages, according to the organism's needs. (bvsalud.org)

In this recent study, Crick researchers found that when the TRF2 protein is removed from mouse embryonic stem cells, T-loops continued to form, chromosome ends remained protected and the cells were largely unaffected. (frontlinegenomics.com)
EZH2, a methyltransferase catalyzing H3K27me3, has been abundantly studied in human and mouse embryonic development. (hindawi.com)
We study these questions using various systems, including human cell lines and primary cells, mouse embryonic stem cells, and mouse models, and by combining experimental and computational biology. (weizmann.ac.il)

Telomerase's only known role in normal tissue was to protect certain cells that divide regularly, such as embryonic cells, sperm cells, adult stem cells and immune cells. (sciencedaily.com)
All the siblings had abnormally short telomeres, but the researchers found that mice that had not inherited the gene to produce telomerase from their wild-type parent exhibited shorter lifespans, progressive tissue atrophy and spontaneous cancers. (sciencedaily.com)
Researchers used stem cells obtained from the embryonic tissue of cynomolgus monkeys, a type of macaque commonly used in genetics research because of their similarity to humans. (planer.com)
The incidences of various esophageal diseases (e.g., congenital esophageal stenosis, tracheoesophageal fistula, esophageal atresia, esophageal cancer) are increasing, but esophageal tissue is difficult to be recovered because of its weak regenerative capability. (nature.com)
Based on this suggested technique, we developed a bioprinted 3D esophageal structure with multi-layered features and converged with biochemical microenvironmental cues of esophageal tissue by using decellularizedbioinks from mucosal and muscular layers of native esophageal tissues. (nature.com)
The different types of cells that will eventually make up a certain tissue stem from a single "mother cell", hence the term "embryonic stem cells. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
The problem is that only a limited number of organs in the body contain cells that can be "turned on" to regenerate injured tissue. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
Potentially they could be used to make new skin, new brain cells, insulin producing cells in the pancreas, or repair nerve tissue in the spinal cord. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
A large enough level of mutation will definitely change the behavior of cells in ways that degrade tissue function, but is the present mutation rate in aging anywhere near high enough to get to that point? (fightaging.org)
For this purpose, we use human stem cells that play a pivotal role in tissue development, maintenance and function. (gsi.de)
To study cell and tissue dynamics we develop new technologies to measure physical forces at the cell-cell and cell-matrix interface. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
By combining these technologies with computational analysis of cell shape and velocity we obtain a full experimental characterization of epithelial dynamics during tissue growth, wound healing and cancer cell invasion. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Surprisingly, some cells in the tissue barely stretch, while others become 'superstretched', increasing their area more than ten times. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
An organoid is a 3D organization of cells that can recapitulate some of the structure and function of native tissue. (mdpi.com)
And even in mice , this would be extremely difficult: "The placenta as part of the embryo fuses to the maternal tissue after implantation, and the blood vessels permeate each other, making it difficult to separate the cells for analysis," says Raha Weigert, who is a researcher in Meissner's lab. (mpg.de)
To date, a lot of EZH2 variants have been found in various cell and tissue types [ 18 - 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
Scientists have managed to create synthetic human embryo models without using egg, sperm or womb, in a feat that could impact research on fertility, tissue growth and drug testing, as well as improve science's understanding of the first weeks of embryonic development. (israel21c.org)
Multicellularity: cell-cell interactions, interactions of cells with cell matrix, embryogenesis, formation of organs and tissue organization. (pmf.hr)
Niches are special microenvironments in tissue where stem cells are located. (bvsalud.org)
Likewise, the knowledge of stem cell biology is crucial to the development of stem cell therapies, based on tissue engineering applied to dentistry, seeking the regeneration of dental tissues damaged or lost by caries, trauma or genetic diseases. (bvsalud.org)
Likewise, these cells give rise to progenitor cells committed to a particular cell lineage, and play a crucial role in tissue repair and homeostasis. (bvsalud.org)
Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process of replacing devitalized and missing cellular structures and tissue layers. (medscape.com)
The culmination of these biological processes results in the replacement of normal skin structures with fibroblastic mediated scar tissue. (medscape.com)

New research reveals a new role for the enzyme telomerase, which scientists thought was turned off in most normal adult cells, except in cancerous tumors where it promotes unlimited cell division. (sciencedaily.com)
The researchers discovered that as normal, healthy adult cells approach cell-death, they produce a burst of telomerase that prevents malignancies and softens the final steps in the aging process. (sciencedaily.com)
The new study found that telomerase reactivates in normal adult cells at a critical point in the aging process. (sciencedaily.com)
Our work shows, for the first time, that there is a role for telomerase in adult cells beyond promoting tumor formation. (sciencedaily.com)
In normal adult cells, telomerase is turned off and telomeres shorten with every cell division until they reach a critical length. (sciencedaily.com)
Before this new work, scientists thought that telomerase expression in most adult cells could only lead to unlimited cell division like that seen in cancerous tumors. (sciencedaily.com)
Cao and her colleagues suspected telomerase may have a function in adult cells when they observed dramatic differences in the laboratory among sibling mice with shortened telomeres. (sciencedaily.com)

Subsequently, we detected the expression of EZH2 on mRNA level and protein level in two different embryonic development stages (65-dpc and 90-dpc) via qRT-PCR and western blots. (hindawi.com)
In this grant, we screened for DNA methylation abnormalities at a large number of genes in different embryonic stem cells and compare their DNA methylation profiles to normal and cancer cells. (ca.gov)

These cells are located on the outer surface of the embryo in the early embryonic stages. (mpg.de)
In the early embryonic development, abnormal expression of EZH2 impaired embryo growth and pluripotency maintenance [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
In pigs, several studies have focused on its function in early embryonic development regulation and in SCNT efficiency improvement [ 8 , 14 - 16 ]. (hindawi.com)

To create these cell lines in the laboratory, cells have to be taken from the blastocyst stage of the human embryo. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
In fact to get a embryonic stem cell a human embryo has to be disassembled. (ipl.org)
People who believe that an embryo should not be destroyed tend to say that embryonic stem cell research should not be conducted. (ipl.org)
The embryo models, created from adult human skin cells and cultivated stem cells, could improve fertility research. (israel21c.org)
While previous studies of cellular aggregates derived from human stem cells could not be considered accurate human embryo models because they lacked many of the defining characteristics of a post-implementation embryo, the Weizmann synthetic embryo models had all the structures characteristic of this stage, such as the placenta and yolk sac. (israel21c.org)
Our stem cell-derived human embryo model offers an ethical and accessible way of peering into this box. (israel21c.org)
The researchers reprogrammed the pluripotent stem cells to an earlier (naïve) stage corresponding to day 7 of a natural human embryo, around the time it implants itself in the womb. (israel21c.org)
All three groups were mixed together and formed clumps, about 1 percent of which self-organized into complete embryo-like structures. (israel21c.org)
A stem cell-derived human embryo model equivalent to a day-14 embryo has all the compartments that define this stage: the yolk sac (yellow) and the part that will become the embryo itself, topped by the amnion (blue) - all enveloped by cells that will become the placenta (pink). (israel21c.org)
These embryo-like structures went on to develop for eight days outside the womb, reaching a stage equivalent to day 14 in natural human embryonic development. (israel21c.org)
It must have the right cells in the right organization, and it must be able to progress - it's about being and becoming," said Hanna, whose lab created mouse embryo models last year. (israel21c.org)
Prof. Jacob Hanna (center) and his team of researchers working on the development of the stem-cell embryo models. (israel21c.org)

But what if scientists could figure out what controls an embryonic stem cell to differentiate into a brain cell and not a heart cell, and why it occurs at precisely the right time compared to the other cells, and what turns them off so that they don't develop into a large tumor instead of a heart? (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
The researchers started out with human pluripotent stem cells, which can differentiate into various cell types. (israel21c.org)
Prof. Sprinzak explains that in the brains of all vertebrates, including humans, there are stem cells whose job is to produce new neurons (unlike embryonic stem cells, which can differentiate into all existing types of cells in the body, these stem cells can only produce neurons or additional stem cells). (eurekalert.org)
Human intestinal organoids are self-organizing, 3D structures that can be expanded in long-term culture and differentiate into intestinal epithelial cell types. (sigmaaldrich.com)
10. To differentiate phases of the cell cycle and to explain how cell cycle is controlled. (pmf.hr)
Dental pulp stem cells have been isolated from deciduous and permanent teeth and have the potential to self-renew and differentiate. (bvsalud.org)

Cancer stem cells are responsible for tumor chemoresistance and recurrence in adjuvant and metastatic settings. (isciii.es)
After analyzing different tumor stem cell markers (SOX2, OCT4, CD133, CD44 and CD24) in pancreatic cancer cells treated with different chemotherapeutic protocols by means of RT-qPCR, Oxaliplatin and Gemcitabine in monotherapy were the chemotherapies that selected the most cancer stem cells while the FOLFIRI protocol decreased them. (isciii.es)
The aim of this study was to determinate the effect of different chemotherapy protocols used in the clinic on tumor stem cell markers in vitro . (isciii.es)
Although surgical resection can be applied when the tumor is well defined (20% of cases) 1 , most patients with pancreatic cancer are treated with chemotherapy. (isciii.es)
Both processes are the result of a complex interaction between tumor cells and their microenvironment. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Many tumor cell lines and experimental tumors respond to HDAC inhibition. (aacrjournals.org)
To assess the role of an individual HDAC isoenzyme in physiology and tumor development, HDAC2-mutant mice were generated from a gene trap embryonic stem cell clone. (aacrjournals.org)
The recently described role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the regulation of immune cell infiltration of microenvironment tumor resumes interest because of its potential impact to rection of immune therapy. (chemdiv.com)
Since identification of EZH2 in the research of protooncogene product Vav [ 3 ], studies have shown that EZH2 is highly expressed in tumorigenesis, which regulates the expression of tumor suppressor genes, such as in breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
CD324 functions as a cell adhesion molecule involved in development, bacterial pathogenesis, and tumor invasion. (biolegend.com)
In cases of brain cancer, in contrast, stem cells may become over-activated and proliferate uncontrollably, or different cells in the brain may turn back into stem cells, ensuring tumor persistence. (eurekalert.org)

This study reshapes the current understanding of telomerase's function in normal cells,"said Kan Cao, senior author of the study and an associate professor of cell biology and molecular genetics at UMD. (sciencedaily.com)
4 ] in 1951 cell culturing has become one of the most widely used methods with exceptional contribution to the advances in almost all fields of contemporary biology - cell biology, genetics, cell biochemistry, physiology etc. (intechopen.com)
Directed cell migration is one of the earliest observations in cell biology, dating back to the late XIX century. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Cancer Biology and Therapy , 15 (8), 1094-1105. (ttu.edu)
The Mukherjee group will pursue fundamental advances at the intersection of molecular biology, biomedical imaging, and biophysics to discover and repurpose new classes of biomolecules into genetic reporters for studying cell function under low-oxygen conditions and inside deep tissues. (ucsb.edu)
However, further studies are required to gain complete understanding of stem cell biology, which is fundamental for the development of successful cell-based therapies 1-3 . (bvsalud.org)

The PTD-DBM peptide also revealed effective anti-aging effect of skin as shown by critical increment of collagen production with cell migration as well as its effects on suppression of ROS generation and apoptosis of skin cells in the tissues induced aging. (wikipedia.org)
Collagen I is the most common fibrillar collagen for cell culture and is found in skin, bone, tendons, and other connective tissues. (thermofisher.com)
In this study, we have provided strong evidence that naïve monkey pluripotent stem cells possess the capability of differentiating in vivo into all the various tissues composing a monkey body,' co-author Professor Miguel Esteban from the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China told Nature. (planer.com)
This male macaque exhibited organs with a mixture of both sets of cells, including green eyes and fingertips, demonstrating tissues featuring a high proportion of cells derived from the injected stem cells. (planer.com)
Publishing their results in Cell, the authors analysed 26 different tissues, showing that donor cells accounted for 21 to 92 percent of the constituent cells, with an average incidence of 67 percent. (planer.com)
We have a very high level of contribution, with the donor cells forming a big part of the tissues (and) complex structures all over the monkey body. (planer.com)
Your body is composed of millions and millions of cells that make up the different tissues, like your heart, muscle and skin. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
another will be the parent of cells of the heart, and so on for all organs, tissues, and structures that make up the human body. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
These circulating nucleic acids are thought to arise from the destruction of cells, though given that cells are capable of creating and releasing quite complex structures into the surrounding tissues - consider extracellular vesicles for example - it is perhaps plausible that dysfunctional cells could be exporting nucleic acids while still intact. (fightaging.org)
It is indisputably the case that mutational damage occurs, and is a distinguishing feature of old tissues, each cell with its own unique pattern of damage. (fightaging.org)
Particularly, human embryonic stem cells (hES cells), which can give rise to all tissues of an organism (Figure A), are used to generate mature cells of the heart (Figure B) allowing us to study radiation/microgravity-induced cardiovascular alterations, which may occur during long-term space missions. (gsi.de)
We develop new technologies to map and perturb the main physical properties that determine how cells and tissues grow, move, invade and remodel. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
These results validated a different transcript in pigs and characterized its expression profile in fetal tissues of different gestation stages, which indicated that EZH2 played important roles during porcine embryonic development. (hindawi.com)
BMSE Biophysics is quantitative bioscience at its best: spanning the spectrum from proteins to pathways to cells, tissues, organisms and even ecosystems, and pioneering new techniques in single-molecule measurement, biomimetic molecular assembly, automated image analysis, high-throughput computation and mathematical modeling. (ucsb.edu)
The DNA within the nuclei of our cells carries the information to generate the machinery of the cell, the cell itself, our tissues and then the whole human. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Understanding how stem cells behave in the niche is extremely important in order to extract these cells from their natural habitat, expand them in vitro and transplant the stem cells back to the patient, to repair and/or regenerate tissues and organs, with no risks to the individual's integrity. (bvsalud.org)
Therapies based on the application of stem cells have great potential in the prevention and treatment of several diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, spinal cord injuries, neurological diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, and in the regeneration of various tissues and organs. (bvsalud.org)
The structure of the vagina is a network of connective, membranous, and erectile tissues. (medscape.com)

Since that time, these cells have given us a wealth of information of how mammalian embryos, including human babies, develop in the womb and how development continues following birth. (scitizen.com)
Thus, DNA methylation influences the functional integrity of mammalian genome by shaping its overall structure and leaving its marks in the genomic DNA sequence during evolution. (caister.com)
Scientists at Emory University School of Medicine have caught in action one of the tools mammalian cells use to maintain their pattern of methylation. (scienceblog.com)
In mammalian cells, methylation usually appears on double stranded DNA where the nucleotide Cytosine (C) is followed by Guanine (G). The complementary sequence on the opposite strand is also C then G, and the methylation appears on both Cs. (scienceblog.com)
Mammalian telomeres are specialised structures at the ends of chromosomes that protect chromosome ends from aberrant DNA repair and ensure healthy division of cells. (frontlinegenomics.com)
new materials for gene delivery into mammalian cells. (ucsb.edu)
In bacterial pathogenesis, the ectodomain of CD324 mediates bacterial adhesion to mammalian cells, while the cytoplasmic domain is required for internalization. (biolegend.com)

Researchers have long assumed that mechanisms of telomere protection are conserved in somatic and stem cells. (frontlinegenomics.com)
In somatic cells, researchers know that the protein TRF2 helps protect telomeres by binding to and stabilising a loop structure (T-loop), which masks the end of the chromosome. (frontlinegenomics.com)
The researchers will continue this work to understand the precise mechanisms of telomere protection in both somatic and embryonic cells. (frontlinegenomics.com)
As the authors describe in their publication, "rare cells that express Oct4 were identified in several somatic cancers, however, the differential contributions of the Oct4A and Oct4B variants were not determined. (cellmedicine.com)

Throughout his doctorate at Purdue University, his research in Escherichia coli purine repressor(PurR) played a key role in unveiling the structure of lactose repressor protein(LacI), which was one of the most interested proteins at the time. (wikipedia.org)
HYPOTHESIS: Do LRIG Proteins Regulate Stem Cell Quiescence by Promoting BMP Signaling? (nature.com)
The first seven chapters describe the different biological mechanisms of the epigenetic machinery including: DNA methylation, histone tails, chromatin structure, nucleosome occupancy, Polycomb group proteins, siRNAs and miRNAs. (caister.com)
DNA methyltransferases are not limited to catalyzing DNA methylation, but also take part in the regulation of gene expression through interactions with other proteins that repress transcription and modify chromatin structure. (caister.com)
Histone deacetylases (HDAC) reverse the acetylation of histone and nonhistone proteins and thereby modulate chromatin structure and function of nonhistone proteins. (aacrjournals.org)
Reversible acetylation of histone proteins is considered to affect local structure of chromatin. (aacrjournals.org)
Telomeres are repetitive sequences at the ends of chromosomes protected by DNA binding proteins of the shelterin complex that form capping structures. (ttu.edu)
These proteins are chemically modified by polycomb enzymes and act as an additional reading block that is used sparingly by the cell. (mpg.de)
Nanoparticle-based delivery of siRNA, proteins, and drugs into cells (cancer/embryonic stem cell) and animals. (ucsb.edu)
CD324 binds to the α E β 7 integrin to mediate cell adhesion and also interacts with a number of intracellular proteins including including erbin, ezrin, caspase-3, caspase 8, β-catenin, presenilin 1, casein kinase II , as well as other extracellular proteins including the EGF receptor. (biolegend.com)

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) are pluripotent cells derived from reprogramming of non-pluripotent cells such as skin or blood cells. (ucl.ac.uk)
Organoids from many organs have now been obtained from embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and organ progenitors. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Organoids can be propagated from patient biopsies and from embryonic (ES) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells). (sigmaaldrich.com)
Highly characterized cryopreserved human colon intestinal organoids derived from integration-free human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (sigmaaldrich.com)
13. To describe and understand how differentiated cells could be induced to form pluripotent stem cells. (pmf.hr)

Organs in the adult body also contain similar types of cells, termed "adult stem cells. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a branch of a functional network that is involved in a broad range of biological systems including stem cells, embryonic development and adult organs. (chemdiv.com)

Just as importantly, research on these cells has been providing us with what happens when foetal development goes wrong, either because of a genetic defect or one that is imposed, for example, by a chemical or drug. (scitizen.com)
Recent discoveries have shown that aberrant expression of miRNAs may contribute to the development and progression of human cancer, and are regulated by different mechanisms like transcription factor binding, epigenetic alterations, or chromosomal abnormalities. (epigenie.com)
Aging is known to be the main risk factor associated with cancer development. (epigenie.com)
A defined synthetic mixture of amino acids, salts, carbohydrates, vitamins and serum was shown to support cells in vitro[ 3 ], thus unifying a major variable in cell culturing experiments and providing a possibility for rapid development of this novel method. (intechopen.com)
The goal is to understand how 3D genome structure influences gene expression, cellular function, development and disease. (umassmed.edu)
Trinucleotide repeat expansion in the FMR1 gene is caused by instability in early development and during germ cell production and is thought to be a result of DNA polymerase slippage during DNA replication. (ny.gov)
We study how these principles are regulated in physiology and development, and how they are derailed in cancer and aging. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Gene silencing via DNA methylation is critical for normal development and for curbing the runaway cell division that characterizes cancer," said Peter Preusch, PhD, who oversees biophysics grants at the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health. (scienceblog.com)
Mouse cells that have deleted the UHRF1 gene are more sensitive to DNA-damaging agents such as radiation, and mouse embryos without the gene cannot complete development. (scienceblog.com)
Although a number of key questions still remain unanswered, scientists have now made important progress in understanding how the Oct4A gene might be involved in the development of prostate cancer. (cellmedicine.com)
Thus, the appropriate expression level of the EZH2 gene is important for embryonic development. (hindawi.com)
However, the transcript and expression status of the EZH2 gene during porcine embryonic development remains unknown. (hindawi.com)
Our study is aimed at providing information for understanding the biological function of EZH2 in porcine embryonic development. (hindawi.com)
Promoters, enhancers and physical interactions between regions of DNA are important in ways that are only now becoming apparent, directing phases of development, and often perturbed in cancers. (birmingham.ac.uk)
We recently discovered new ways the BRCA1 gene functions which could help expand our understanding of the development of ovarian and breast cancers. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Culture conditions outside the human body can encourage the development of changes to the cells that facilitate rapid and sustained cell growth. (ca.gov)
According to the researchers, their findings add another layer of understanding to brain development, as well as to the study of brain damage and diseases, such as brain cancer and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. (eurekalert.org)
This finding is very important for understanding the normal development and structure of the brain. (eurekalert.org)
It may help in the development of future treatments based on using neural stem cells, such as for brain damage and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's where stem cells could be activated to produce new neurons. (eurekalert.org)
As a component of the NCI IMAT program , this FOA aims to promote interdisciplinary collaboration in the development of innovative tools and methods that enable cancer research and accelerate scientific discovery. (nih.gov)
Epithelial intestinal organoids, often referred to as enteroids or "mini-guts", maintain the physiological characteristics of the gastrointestinal system and have been a useful cell culture tool to model intestinal development and disease including the study of colon cancer, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel diseases and host microbiome interactions. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Macrophages derived from blood monocytes and resident macrophages produced during embryonic development can be activated to amplify control of infection, but they can also produce substances that induce unwanted excessive inflammation. (msdmanuals.com)

In cell epigenetics, DNA methylation and histone modification becomes altered during aging and in cancer. (epigenie.com)
This project provided a better understanding of how aberrant DNA methylation can affect the aetiology of bladder cancer and how we can use this information to identify novel epigenetic biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. (ucl.ac.uk)
Our contribution to IDEAL is to determine the role of DNA methylation in haematopoietic stem cell aging. (ucl.ac.uk)
Whereas most regions of the genome are constantly methylated these elements are mainly kept free of methylation thereby facilitating the establishment of an open chromatin structure and of initiation of transcription. (caister.com)
Alterations in methylation patterns are also important for generating embryonic stem-like cells from differentiated cells. (scienceblog.com)
When a cell is copying its DNA, a set of enzymes duplicates the DNA sequence from the parental strand to the new "daughter" strand but not the methylation. (scienceblog.com)
Like comments on post-it labels in a cookbook, cells add more information to their genetic material by directing enzymes to attach small hydrocarbon molecules to the DNA (DNA methylation). (mpg.de)
To examine how much placental cells depend on the methylation of their DNA, the researchers treated their cell culture with drugs that specifically inhibit methylating enzymes. (mpg.de)
The proper methylation status of histones is essential for appropriate cell lineage and organogenesis. (hindawi.com)
Cancer cells frequently have abnormalities in one type of epigenetic change, DNA methylation. (ca.gov)
This allowed us to identify potentially dangerous DNA methylation abnormalities, which occur in cultured embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
In addition, we have analyzed DNA methylation in embryonic stem cells at more than 14,000 genes on a generic platform. (ca.gov)
In the last phase of our study, we have screened the DNA methylation level of 1,536 genes in 142 different human embryonic stem cell pairs. (ca.gov)
These results indicate that DNA methylation in human embryonic stem cells seems to be susceptible to change over, at least in the genes examined in this study. (ca.gov)
Overall, our results suggest that the monitoring of DNA methylation changes in human embryonic stem cells may have to be incorporated as a routine protocol in stem cell manipulation. (ca.gov)
Interestingly, we found that DNA methylation in Polycomb target genes is highly affected by time in culture in a cell line-specific manner. (ca.gov)
That is, in some cell lines few DNA methylation changes were observed, while in the majority of them a large number of loci showed either an increase or decrease in DNA methylation. (ca.gov)
We have found that cultured embryonic stem cells may be particularly prone to develop the type of DNA methylation abnormalities seen in cancer cells. (ca.gov)

However, these studies focused on fabricating an epithelial layer, and lacked the multi-layered hierarchical structure of the esophagus. (nature.com)
We focus on the interaction between epithelial cancer cells and Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs), the most abundant cell type in the tumour stroma. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
We also use organoids grown from primary tumors to understand how epithelial structure and function are lost with disease progression. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

Now, results published in Molecular Cell from a team led by Drs. Carl Schildkraut and Jeannine Gerhardt, at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, examined DNA replication and the use of DNA origins of replication in normal and FXS human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). (ny.gov)
During the past 12 months we have made significant progress on the data analysis of 141 paired (early passage-late passage) human embryonic stem cell lines (HESCs). (ca.gov)

Chromatin structure and modification is being shown to have a significant role in many processes involving DNA. (epigenie.com)
The epigenetic modification of DNA with 5-methylcytosine is an important regulatory event involved in chromatin structure, genomic imprinting, inactivation of the X chromosome, transcription, and retrotransposon silencing. (caister.com)
As one of the two distinct complexes, namely, Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and PRC2, PRC2 mediates gene silencing by modulating chromatin structure [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

Born of the expectations and hype associated with stem cells and regenerative medicine over the past two decades, there are now numerous clinics around the world selling stem cell-based interventions (SCBI) that have yet to be proven effective or safe, with little to no accounting of the outcomes being collected. (scientologymoneyproject.com)
UniStem Day is the largest educational outreach initiative on stem cells and regenerative medicine in Europe. (lu.se)

Currently, Choi has been developing small molecules that mimic functions of the PTD-DBM by developing in vitro screening system detecting CXXC5-Dvl PPI, and several of candidates were selected and characterized for their capabilities enhancing neogenic hair growth, wound healing as well as the anti-aging effects etc. 5-FU promotes stemness ofcolorectal cancer via p53-mediated WNT/β-catenin pathway activation. (wikipedia.org)
Collagen I is used in both 2D and 3D cell culture to make the in vitro cellular environment more in vivo -like. (thermofisher.com)
A well-defined in vitro three-dimensional culture of human endometrium and its applicability to endometrial cancer invasion. (thermofisher.com)
A gene for a green fluorescent protein was inserted into the genomes of stem cells, which were then injected into macaque embryos grown for around four days in vitro. (planer.com)
Recently evidence was provided that the integration of cell-free nucleic acid with host cells occurs in vivo as well as in vitro . (fightaging.org)
Organoids are large multicellular structures that self-organize in vitro and maintain a similar organization and functionality than the organ from which they are derived. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
The requirements for the successful culture of organoids in vitro differ significantly from those of traditional monolayer cell cultures. (mdpi.com)

The BRC-funded Cancer Genome Engineering (CAGE) Facility develops and provides TALE- and CRISPR-based genome engineering technologies for targeted genetic and epigenetic reprogramming to advance personal and medical genomics. (ucl.ac.uk)
One question with high relevance to aging is whether or not cfDNA fragments can behave as mobile genetic elements, illegitimately integrating in the chromosomal DNA of healthy cells in its own host, thereby contributing to genome instability and possibly causing age-related functional decline and age-related pathophysiological processes. (fightaging.org)
UMass Medical School has been awarded a five-year, $15 million grant from the National Institutes of Medicine Common Fund to establish the Center for 3D Structure and Physics of the Genome. (umassmed.edu)
Dr. Dekker is a pioneer in the study of the three-dimensional structure of the genome. (umassmed.edu)
Using chromosome conformation capture technologies in conjunction with advanced computational modeling and a range of imaging methods, the center will generate three-dimensional models of the human genome inside fibroblast cells during metaphase and interphase, as well as in embryonic stem cells in undifferentiated and differentiated states. (umassmed.edu)
With this we'll begin to understand which aspects of the 3D structure of the genome control gene function. (umassmed.edu)
In the cells of the placenta however, these markings are randomly scattered throughout the entire genome. (mpg.de)
For unknown reasons, the genome of the placenta is less methylated than the DNA of normal body cells, as Meissner's research group discovered in 2017. (mpg.de)
While each DNA blueprint, or gene, encodes for a different machine or structure, the genome, the collection of DNA wrapped up inside the nucleus, is much more active than a quiet library of neatly stacked blue-prints. (birmingham.ac.uk)
The Genome Structure Function section of the Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences investigates the fundamentals of the active information database that is our genome, in normal and disease states. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Gene expression: structure of chromosomes, genome organization, control of gene expression in bacteria and eukaryotes. (pmf.hr)
Both crRNA-tracrRNA duplexes and sgRNAs can be used to target SpCas9 for multiplexed genome editing in eukaryotic cells 1 , 3 . (cdc.gov)

hES cells also serve as a basis for cerebral organoid models (Figure C) to better understand e.g. the mechanisms of cognitive impairment and radiation necrosis as severe side effects of radiation therapies. (gsi.de)
Cell death and stem cells: apoptosis, necrosis, embryonic stem cells, bone marrow stem cells. (pmf.hr)

14. To describe mayor signs of controlled cell death (apoptosis). (pmf.hr)

Paneth cells constitute the niche for Lgr5 stem cells in intestinal crypts. (nature.com)
We use intestinal and kidney organoids to study how epithelia adopt three-dimensional shapes that closely resemble their structure in vivo. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Cell number and thickness of intestinal mucosa are reduced. (aacrjournals.org)

Telomerase prevents the shortening of telomeres -- a specialized DNA-protein structure at the end of a cell's chromosomes that protect the chromosomes from damage. (sciencedaily.com)
He developed the chromosome conformation capture technologies, biochemical techniques for determining how DNA segments interact and are linked to one another, which are the heart of the "3C," "5C," "Hi-C" and "Micro-C" tools used by researchers worldwide to map the structure and organization of chromosomes inside cells. (umassmed.edu)
The cell harbors a complex aberration involving several chromosomes (red circle). (gsi.de)

After completing his doctorate, Choi conducted research related to cell signaling at Harvard Medical School as a postdoctoral fellow. (wikipedia.org)
The real value of over two decades of ES-cell research currently lies with these advances but there has been relatively little external acclaim or general interest. (scitizen.com)
These debates will, and must, rage on but it interesting that two things in particular seem to be lost to most debates on the issue: (i) the value of research to this point in time, and (ii) the likelihood that the use of stem cells of any type to treat most if not all these diseases remains, for a variety of reasons, a distant possibility. (scitizen.com)
She says she's fairly convinced these structures exist but wants to see more research before speculating on what they do, and whether its accurate to call them a new organ. (nationalgeographic.com)
Michael J. Fox's successful acting career might soon be upstaged by his success as a lobbyist - his stumping for stem cell research in last month's election turned the tide in favor of the controversial legislation in several states across America. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
Fox, who suffers from Parkinson's disease, is putting hope for a cure in medical research using embryonic stem cells. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
No matter what side of this moral fence you sit on, in order to formulate an educated opinion it is important to have a basic understanding of stem cell research. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
This question is really at the crux of embryonic stem cell research. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
These are some of the issues that opponents of stem cell research raise in concern. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
In 2004, California voters sent the message that embryonic stem cell research was a worthy endeavor with viable prospects for curing disease. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
All research areas are substantiated by analyses (Figure D) monitoring the acute radiation-induced cytogenetic damage and the long-term genetic stability of cells. (gsi.de)
STEM CELL RESEARCH is a very controversial topic in today's time. (ipl.org)
Stem cell research is not worth supporting. (ipl.org)
Advocates of stem cell research believe that the cells are not equivalent to human life because it is inside the womb even facing the fact that the start of a human life is in the moment of conception. (ipl.org)
While many people say the use of the cell research is a way to advance medical knowledge and expand treatments, there is no guarantee that the treatments will work. (ipl.org)
In recent years, several competing viewpoints have emerged about embryonic stem cell research. (ipl.org)
All of this debate raises an important question, Should embryonic stem cell research be conducted for treatment of present and future diseases? (ipl.org)
On the other hand, people who believe that embryonic stem cell research creates means of curing diseases reply that the research should be conducted. (ipl.org)
Embryonic stem cell research "uses special cells found in three-to-five day old human embryos to seek cures for a host of chronic disease" (PRC). (ipl.org)
This work was supported by a NYSTEM research award to Dr. Schildkraut (C024348) and a NYSTEM Shared Facilities award to collaborators at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (C024175). (ny.gov)
One of our main lines of research is to study how tumours exploit the functions of non-cancer cells in their microenvironment to invade and metastasize. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
It will quite effectively cater to the needs of molecular biologists, molecular geneticists, cell and molecular biologists, animal, plant, and crop geneticists, synthetic biologists, biotechnologists, and researchers involved with the fields of stem cell and molecular aspects of cancer research. (caister.com)
A research team has now discovered the cause for this phenomenon in mouse cells: two originally independently working enzymes compete for the same sequences and keep the placenta's DNA in an epigenetically suspended state. (mpg.de)
Our research is defining the normal mechanisms of DNA replication and repair, with the aim of understanding how it is deregulated in cancer cells. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Bringing together Universities and high school students, UniStem Day is an opportunity to foster learning, discovery and debate in the field of stem cell research - inspiring the scientists of tomorrow. (lu.se)

What's more, the researchers found that as skin cells from non-telomerase-deficient mice approached critical telomere length, they naturally produced a burst of telomerase, which slowed the process of telomere shortening and reduced the amount of DNA damage that could lead to cancer. (sciencedaily.com)
The researchers also found that reactivating the gene for expressing telomerase in the telomerase-deficient cells rescued them, prolonging their ability to divide and reducing DNA damage. (sciencedaily.com)
The researchers found that human cells also expressed telomerase as they approached critical telomere length. (sciencedaily.com)
Cao said that the next step for researchers is to find out how telomerase expression is turned on as cells approach critical telomere length and to explore the underlying mechanisms by which telomerase acts as a buffer against the stresses of shortening telomeres. (sciencedaily.com)
He says that knowing how diseases spread through this part of the body could help researchers better understand how cancer spreads. (nationalgeographic.com)
Researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics in Berlin and Yale School of Medicine in New Haven have found that DNA-methylating enzymes and Polycomb compete for the same genetic sections in placental cells. (mpg.de)
In the laboratory of Prof. Jacob Hanna at the Weizmann Institute of Science , researchers created complete models of human embryos from stem cells cultured in a lab grew them up to day 14. (israel21c.org)
Researchers identified that an abundance of fungi in the gut, particularly strains of Candida albicans yeast, could trigger an increase in immune cells, which could worsen lung damage. (medicaldaily.com)
Using Zebrafish, researchers from the School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics at the Faculty of Life Sciences of Tel Aviv University have developed an advanced simulation of a key process in the brain - the activation of the stem cells responsible for generating neurons. (eurekalert.org)
According to the researchers, the current study sought to examine the mechanism that activates the stem cells in the brain initiating cell division: "Until now, the activation was considered to be random, and we wanted to see if there was actually any order to it, and whether the activation of one stem cell affects others," says Prof. Sprinzak. (eurekalert.org)
The researchers filmed the fish every three days for a few weeks, creating a sequence of images that showed the process of neural stem cell activation and neuronal generation in the brain. (eurekalert.org)

Mutant embryonic fibroblasts fail to respond to insulin-like growth factor I (IGF) by the IGF-I-induced increase in cell number observed in wild-type cells. (aacrjournals.org)

Lund Stem Cell Center will host UniStem Day 2024 on Friday, 22 March, 2024, with high school students from all over Skåne. (lu.se)
These and many more questions will be answered by PhD students, postdoctoral fellows, and senior scientists from Lund Stem Cell Center during UniStem Day 2024. (lu.se)

When the protein is removed, these loops do not form and the chromosome ends fuse together, ultimately killing the cell. (frontlinegenomics.com)

Tras analizar mediante RT-qPCR diferentes marcadores de células madre tumorales (SOX2, OCT4, CD133, CD44 y CD24) en células de cáncer de páncreas tratadas con diferentes protocolos quimioterapéuticos, el Oxaliplatino y la Gemcitabina en monoterapia fueron los quimioterápicos que seleccionaron en mayor medida las células madre cancerosas mientras que el protocolo FOLFIRI las disminuyó. (isciii.es)
A further subpopulation of the cells expressing Oct4A were also found to co-express the embryonic stem cell marker Sox2, which is a transcription factor necessary for the self-renewal of undifferentiated cells. (cellmedicine.com)

It has been shown that global hypomethylation and CpG island hypermethylation occur progressively as we age and can lead to cancerous cell transformation. (epigenie.com)
Some of these changes can resemble abnormal changes that occur in cancer cells. (ca.gov)

The stabilization of oncogenic K-Ras by APC loss and subsequent re-activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via positive loop through ERK activated cancer stem cells and induced liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Cancer cell invasion and metastasis remain the leading cause of death in patients with cancer. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
An imbalance in the structural and signaling properties of β-catenin often leads to disease and unregulated growth associated with cancer and metastasis. (chemdiv.com)
20. To explain hallmarks of cancer cells- to describe mayor steps in metastasis. (pmf.hr)

especially necrotic cells, which unlike apoptotic cells are not generally removed cleanly by phagocytosis , are thought to be a source of degraded DNA fragments released to the blood plasma or serum as cell-free DNA or circulating free DNA (cfDNA). (fightaging.org)
Unlike most other cancers, where metastases from the site of origin is the main cause of death, GBM very rarely metastasizes outside the neuraxis. (frontiersin.org)
This is evidence that, unlike in ordinary body cells, methylating enzymes are constantly active in the placenta - which is unusual in our classical understanding of epigenetics," says Weigert. (mpg.de)

that is, they have the ability to generate other stem cells and perpetuate themselves. (bvsalud.org)
Using the SURVEYOR nuclease assay 13 , we assessed the ability of each Cas9-sgRNA complex to generate indels in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293FT cells through the induction of DNA doublestranded breaks (DSBs) and subsequent nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA damage repair (Online Methods). (cdc.gov)

These have been used therapeutically for over 30 years in bone marrow transplants to treat a variety of cancers, such as leukemia or lymphoma. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
Embryonic stem cell transplants have been an ethical, social, and legal controversy since the first successful transplant of human stem cells in 1998. (ipl.org)

Therefore, miRNA expression profiling may provide a useful tool for cancer diagnosis and modulating miRNA expression could become a potent therapeutic strategy for human diseases including cancer. (epigenie.com)
This article presents the roles of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in cancer and current therapeutic strategies involving this pathway. (chemdiv.com)
These therapeutic strategies involve the culture and manipulation of embryonic stem cells grown outside the human body. (ca.gov)

Deregulation of components involved in Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been implicated in a wide spectrum of diseases including a number of cancers and degenerative diseases. (chemdiv.com)

The use of alternative and adjuvant therapies in pediatric cancer patients appears to be a frequent choice as reported in the reviewed literature. (frontiersin.org)
Embryonic stem cell-based therapies hold great promise for the treatment of many human diseases. (ca.gov)

Foreign materials are walled off by macrophages that may metamorphose into epithelioid cells, which are encircled by mononuclear leukocytes, forming granulomas. (medscape.com)

Specifically, epigenetic alterations driven by chromatin modifying drugs or by genetic disruption of certain DNA methyltransferases cause distinct changes in miRNA expression profiles in cancer cells. (epigenie.com)
Once they've generated these 3D genomic models, Dekker's team will use gene editing techniques to biologically validate genetic functions linked to structure. (umassmed.edu)
These include epigenetic changes, which are changes in the structure of the packaging of the DNA, as opposed to genetic changes, which are changes in the DNA sequence. (ca.gov)

Our findings reveal ErbB activation as a strong inductive signal for stem-cell proliferation. (nature.com)
Prof. Sprinzak adds that in degenerative brain diseases, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, the process goes awry and there is a decrease in the number of stem cells in the brain and in their proliferation rate. (eurekalert.org)

Pancreatic cancer treatment in advanced stages is based on different chemotherapy regimens. (isciii.es)

Human embryonic stem cells were first isolated and grown in 1998. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)

Professor Dekker's work is at the cutting edge of connecting the structure of DNA with its function, one of the final frontiers in understanding gene regulation," said Terence R. Flotte, MD, the Celia and Isaac Haidak Professor of Medical Education , executive deputy chancellor, provost and dean of the School of Medicine. (umassmed.edu)
20,000 lncRNAs genes, and an increasing portion of them has been implicated as important in a myriad of biological processes, including dosage compensation, transcriptional regulation, and establishment of cell identity. (weizmann.ac.il)
Regulation of the cell cycle: mitosis, meiosis. (pmf.hr)

After three to five days of this process, a ball of cells - called a blastocyst - is created. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)

epigenetics in cancers, premature aging, longevity and the developmental origins of disease and the transfer of epigenetic information across generations. (epigenie.com)
Further chapters deal with epigenetics in relation to cancers, premature aging, longevity and the developmental origins of disease. (caister.com)

A chimeric monkey has been created using embryonic stem cells with two different sets of genes, a new study has demonstrated. (planer.com)
The shape it takes has a profound influence on which genes in a cell are turned on or turned off. (umassmed.edu)
Most DNA in our cells is inactivated in such a way, but the start sequences of genes do not carry such marks. (mpg.de)
The way the DNA is structured, wrapped and read is fundamental to how and when the blueprint genes are read. (birmingham.ac.uk)
This has allowed us to identify hundreds of genes that are abnormally methylated in various types of human cancers, and that show some evidence of this alteration in ES cells. (ca.gov)

In embryonic stem cells and germ cells, properties of self-renewal and pluripotency are regulated by the Oct4A gene, a marker which has been suspected of playing a role in the origin of some cancers. (cellmedicine.com)

At critical telomere length, cells stop dividing and either die or experience DNA damage that could cause malignancies. (sciencedaily.com)
In addition, human skin cells that were unable to express telomerase reached critical telomere length more quickly and displayed significantly more DNA damage than those that did express telomerase. (sciencedaily.com)

Glioblastomas are intrinsic brain tumors believed to originate from neuroglial stem or progenitor cells. (frontiersin.org)

Among these is the isolation of the first line of murine stem cells [ 5 , 6 ] in 1981, followed by establishment of the first human embryonic stem cell lines by Thompson [ 7 ]. (intechopen.com)

Current knowledge of cellular behavior is mainly acquired by studies concerning homogenous populations of cells cultured as monolayers. (intechopen.com)
The people who examined Henrietta manipulated her and the rest of her family to gain information on her cellular structure to be ahead of others looking to achieve the same objective. (ipl.org)
B cells The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens. (msdmanuals.com)

Chimerism is a phenomenon where an organism features two or more sets of cells with different genomes. (planer.com)
From these, Dekker and colleagues hope to uncover similarities between the genomic structures that point to general rules that govern how and why genomes fold in all cells. (umassmed.edu)
The proper copying and repair of DNA to maintain the correct sequence and structure of genomes is critical to the proper function of cells, and repair and replication is frequently disrupted in cancers and targeted by cancer treatments. (birmingham.ac.uk)

This indicates the importance of inhibition of both Wnt/β-catenin and Ras-ERK pathways in the treatment of colorectal cancer. (wikipedia.org)
He subsequently identified and characterized small molecules degrading both beta-catanin and Ras via targeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and those small molecules efficiently inhibit growth of colorectal and other cancers with activated Wnt/β-catenin and EGFR-Ras pathways. (wikipedia.org)
NOCRC aims to develop and validate high performance blood based tests for colorectal cancer in a recently initiated screening program in Denmark quantifying existing and novel markers by sensitive and cost-effective methods. (ucl.ac.uk)
Genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic data were generated and analyzed to identifiy biomarkers predicting sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors in colorectal cancer. (ucl.ac.uk)

That life may not even be worth it because it takes multiple tries before the stem cells are even suitable for use in medical treatments. (ipl.org)
There is a stampede to get into the stem cell therapy business in Texas since the 2017 passage of "Charlie's Law" (HB 810) which allows chronically and terminally ill people the right to opt for non-FDA approved treatments with adult stem cells. (scientologymoneyproject.com)
SCBI treatments might hold the key to help patients, but they also have serious risks of side effects, including graft-versus-host disease, unintended harm, and even cancer. (scientologymoneyproject.com)
The logic of Charlie's Law is that if someone is in chronic pain or dying then they have a right to try non-FDA approved adult stem cell treatments. (scientologymoneyproject.com)
The study suggests the possibility of using trans-vaccenic acid found in red meat and dairy products as a nutritional supplement to complement treatments for cancer. (medicaldaily.com)
Furthermore, it advances our understanding of the possible mechanisms by which cancer develops in the brain as a possible infrastructure for treatments that could neutralize the cancer process. (eurekalert.org)

Nucleolus is an important structure inside the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. (umassmed.edu)
As with many important scientific discoveries, embryonic stem (ES) cells came onto the scene long before the media and most of the rest of us became intensely interested in the subject. (scitizen.com)
This mechanism has important implications for our understanding of cancer and ageing. (frontlinegenomics.com)

Invasion of interstitial matrix by a novel cell line from primary peritoneal carcinosarcoma, and by established ovarian carcinoma cell lines: role of cell-matrix adhesion molecules, proteinases, and E-cadherin expression. (thermofisher.com)
In this review we deal in the molecular mechanisms, the epigenetic effects and modulation of the oxidative stress pathway of ketogenic diets, that underlie its possible role, in the treatment of infantile gliomas, as a complementary approach to conventional cancer therapy. (frontiersin.org)
It also suggests that the T-loop structure itself has a protective role. (frontlinegenomics.com)
In addition, in some patients with a personal or family history of breast and ovarian cancer, the protective role of BRCA1 in DNA-copying is disabled - while its break repair function is still active. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Phytoestrogens: Epidemiology and a possible role in cancer protection. (cdc.gov)

Recently, the newly identified embryonic stem cell marker, Zinc finger and SCAN domain-containing 4 gene (Zscan4), was shown to be a telomere-associated protein, co-localizing to the shelterin complex. (ttu.edu)
The organoids express colon-specific markers including the posterior hindgut marker CDX2, a-carbonic anydrase II (CA-II), a-carbonic anhydrase IV (CA-IV), and goblet cell markers Mucin-2 and Mucin-5B. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Now we know that TRF2 isn't needed for T-loop formation in stem cells, we infer there must be some other factor that does the same job or a different mechanism to stabilise T-loops in these cells, and we want to know what it is. (frontlinegenomics.com)
The team also found that telomeres in stem cells with T-loops but without TRF2 were still protected. (frontlinegenomics.com)
They showed that embryonic stem cells form T-loops independently of TRF2. (frontlinegenomics.com)
Although it is known that Zscan4 regulates TRF2, POT1b, and Rap1 expression in embryonic stem cells, the relationship and the exact mechanism of action for ZSscan4-mediated telomere maintenance in cancer cells is unknown. (ttu.edu)

To understand what was going on, Cao and her colleagues compared the skin cells of the sibling mice and found that while both cell lines had comparably short telomeres, cells from telomerase-deficient mice stopped dividing sooner and had more malignant transformations than cells from siblings that produced telomerase. (sciencedaily.com)
To see if what they observed in mice held true for humans, the team conducted laboratory studies on human skin cells. (sciencedaily.com)
Therefore, the team decided to study cell cultures of cells from mice, specifically the trophoblast stem cells, which would later develop into the placenta. (mpg.de)

And once this entire process is better understood, what if those stem cells could be manipulated in a laboratory to become skin if they are fed certain nutrients, but turn into certain types of brain cells if they are given other ingredients? (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
This data was transferred to Prof. Sprinzak's laboratory at Tel Aviv University, which analyzed it and developed a computational simulation of the process of stem cell activation in the brain. (eurekalert.org)

During the mid- to late-nineties, this possibility was realised, with the isolation of ES cells from various species including rabbit, pig, cow, and primates (monkey and marmoset), culminating with the publication in 1998 of two articles on the isolation of human ES cells 2 . (scitizen.com)

Among our main contributions to BLUEPRINT were an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) in Type 1 Diabetes and an epigentic variability study in immune cells . (ucl.ac.uk)

Moreover, nanoparticle exposure did not result in statistically significant differences in micronucleus counts in bone marrow cells compared to control. (bvsalud.org)
The best example lies in the bone marrow, where these parent cells make the different types of white cells in the blood. (spinalcordinjuryzone.com)
Primary Myelofibrosis Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by bone marrow fibrosis, splenomegaly, and anemia with nucleated and teardrop-shaped red blood cells. (msdmanuals.com)

Morrison, S. J. & Spradling, A. C. Stem cells and niches: mechanisms that promote stem cell maintenance throughout life. (nature.com)
This simplified approach towards understanding the essence of the mechanisms, underlying the processes determining life and death of a cell has undoubtedly provided scientists with enormous amount of knowledge. (intechopen.com)
16. To explain molecular mechanisms involved in signal transduction in nerve cells. (pmf.hr)

About 70 percent of the human body is made of water, and about two thirds of that is found in cells. (nationalgeographic.com)
For those of you who don't know stem cells are unspecialized cells found in living things and are able to grow and rebuild themselves as long as the host is alive. (ipl.org)
Other studies have found that cancer cells produce more UHRF1 than non-cancerous cells. (scienceblog.com)
Cells expressing Oct4A have been found in both benign and malignant prostate glands. (cellmedicine.com)
The clitoris is an erectile structure found beneath the anterior joining of the labia minora. (medscape.com)

The theorized problem caused by extracellular nucleic acids is that cells will take them up and integrate them into their DNA, and that this could be a significant source of stochastic mutational damage. (fightaging.org)
CD324, a member of the cadherin superfamily, is a calcium-dependent, transmembrane cell-cell adhesion glycoprotein composed of 4 extracellular cadherin repeats and a highly conserved cytoplasmic tail region with a predicted molecular weight of approximately 100 kD. (biolegend.com)

Anatomy46

Organisms10

Diseases21

Chemicals and Drugs74

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment50

Phenomena and Processes56

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science2

Differentiation12

Mouse embryonic3

Tissue23

Adult cells7

Different embryonic2

Early embryonic3

Embryo12

Differentiate6

Tumor11

Biology6

Tissues18

Mammalian7

Somatic4

Proteins10

Pluripotent5

Organs2

Development22

Methylation18

Epithelial3

HESCs2

Chromatin structure3

Regenerative Medicine2

Vitro7

Genome12

Necrosis2

Apoptosis1

Intestinal3

Chromosomes3

Research25

Researchers11

Fibroblasts1

Lund-stem-cell-center2

Chromosome1

SOX22

Occur2

Metastasis4

Unlike3

Generate2

Transplants2

Therapeutic3

Degenerative diseases1

Therapies2

Macrophages1

Genetic3

Proliferation2

Stages1

Grown1

Regulation3

Blastocyst1

Epigenetics2

Genes5

Germ1

Telomere length2

Progenitor1

Human embryonic1

Cellular3

Genomes3

Colorectal4

Treatments6

Important3

Role5

Marker2

TRF24

Mice3

Laboratory2

19981

Immune cells1

Bone3

Mechanisms3

Found5

Extracellular2