• In this technique, one or more of the atoms of the molecule of interest is substituted for an atom of the same chemical element, but of a different isotope (like a radioactive isotope used in radioactive tracing). (wikipedia.org)
  • Radioactive isotopes can be tested using the autoradiographs of gels in gel electrophoresis. (wikipedia.org)
  • The radiation emitted by compounds containing the radioactive isotopes darkens a piece of photographic film, recording the position of the labeled compounds relative to one another in the gel. (wikipedia.org)
  • A radiogenic isotope tracer involves an isotope produced by radioactive decay, which is usually in a ratio with a non-radiogenic isotope (whose abundance in the earth does not vary due to radioactive decay). (wikipedia.org)
  • Stable isotope labeling involves the use of non-radioactive isotopes that can act as a tracers used to model several chemical and biochemical systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nuclear reactions, specifically of the (gamma, n) type, also known as photodisintegration, are utilized to accomplish this transmutation from troublesome, long-lived radioactive waste isotope(s) of given atomic mass to shorter-lived or stable materials of lower atomic mass, by exposing the troublesome isotopes to a high energy photon flux for a sustained time. (rexresearch.com)
  • Solution: Radioactive or nonradioactive isotopes are manufactured by the nuclear transformation in an electrode and the combination of nuclear reactions such as neutron capture and natural nuclear disintegration of products made through the nuclear reactions. (rexresearch.com)
  • Uranium is weakly radioactive because all isotopes of uranium are unstable, with half-lives varying between 159,200 years and 4.5 billion years. (viking.nu)
  • The review presents a summary of studies about the origin of stable and radioactive strontium in the environment and effects coming from both internal and external exposure of plants. (scienceopen.com)
  • Embodiments of a method for processing radioacive materials, with a particular embodiment comprising processing uranium with hydrogen isotope plasmas, and a process for remediation of nuclear wastes by transmutation. (rexresearch.com)
  • Acute and chronic resistive exercise increase urinary chromium excretion in men as measured with an enriched chromium stable isotope. (therapeuticresearch.com)
  • The study aims to quantify bioavailability of iron from NaFeEDTA when added to a wheat flour-based meal in both nonanemic women and women with iron deficiency anemia, when consumed with and without traditional Moroccan green tea. (who.int)
  • It concludes that fractional iron absorption from wheat flour-based meals without and with tea was ∼2-fold higher in women with iron deficiency anemia than in nonanemic women. (who.int)
  • Providing fortificant iron as NaFeEDTA cannot overcome the inhibition of tea polyphenols on iron absorption, even in iron deficiency anemia, where iron absorption is strongly upregulated. (who.int)
  • Low levels of healthy red blood cells (anemia) due to iron deficiency . (webmd.com)
  • If you do not have iron deficiency, don't take more than 45 mg daily. (webmd.com)
  • A bone marrow sample showed no stainable iron, indicating iron deficiency. (cdc.gov)
  • Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies, especially in, but not limited to, premenopausal women. (drsharma.ca)
  • Paradoxically, obesity, a state more commonly considered in the context of over- than under-nutrition, is associated with a higher risk of iron deficiency compared to normal-weight individuals. (drsharma.ca)
  • However, there is now accumulating data that iron deficiency in obesity may also be mediated by the low-grade chronic inflammation commonly seen in individuals with excess weight. (drsharma.ca)
  • Thus, irrespective of actual iron intake, a 'low' iron status in obese individuals may result both from reduced absorption and functional iron deficiency - the latter perhaps being more important than the former. (drsharma.ca)
  • These findings are important as both low 'absolute' and 'functional' iron deficiency have been associated not only with anemia but also a wide range of other health problems including myocardial dysfunction and heart failure. (drsharma.ca)
  • Clinicians should monitor obese patients for both absolute and functional iron deficiency and be aware that iron deficiencies may well be independent of and unresponsive to enteral iron intake. (drsharma.ca)
  • Does obesity increase risk for iron deficiency? (drsharma.ca)
  • Treatment should not come before diagnosis: the first step is to diagnose iron deficiency - then do the tests to see if they are nutritional or functional. (drsharma.ca)
  • Older people are at risk for cobalamin (vitamin B12) deficiency because of a number of common disorders (e.g., autoimmune gastritis) and drugs (e.g., antacids) that may alter its absorption and utilization. (mjhid.org)
  • The compounds produced using stable isotopes are either specified by the percentage of labeled isotopes (i.e. 30% uniformly labeled 13C glucose contains a mixture that is 30% labeled with 13 carbon isotope and 70% naturally labeled carbon) or by the specifically labeled carbon positions on the compound (i.e. 1-13C glucose which is labeled at the first carbon position of glucose). (wikipedia.org)
  • Iron is the most abundant naturally occurring metal on Earth. (thechemicalelements.com)
  • iron-57 is a naturally occurring stable iron isotope that is present in all living organisms. (nanouniverse-library.jp)
  • Selenium has seven naturally occurring isotopes. (w3we.com)
  • 25 Similarly, studies have shown that maintenance and inspection workers in oil and gas operations are exposed to high levels of mercury and its related compounds through inhalation and dermal absorption, which poses grave risks to their health and safety. (researchgate.net)
  • Stable 57Fe is an ideal tracer because it is readily available in natural iron compounds and has no decay products, making long-term monitoring possible. (nanouniverse-library.jp)
  • Isotopic labeling (or isotopic labelling) is a technique used to track the passage of an isotope (an atom with a detectable variation in neutron count) through a reaction, metabolic pathway, or cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • The position of the isotopes in the products is measured to determine the sequence the isotopic atom followed in the reaction or the cell's metabolic pathway. (wikipedia.org)
  • The nuclides used in isotopic labeling may be stable nuclides or radionuclides. (wikipedia.org)
  • By studying the ratio between two isotopes of the same element, we avoid effects involving the overall abundance of the element, which usually swamp the much smaller variations in isotopic abundances. (wikipedia.org)
  • Further discussion of the application of isotopic tracers in geology is covered under the heading of isotope geochemistry. (wikipedia.org)
  • Isotopic tracers are usually subdivided into two categories: stable isotope tracers and radiogenic isotope tracers. (wikipedia.org)
  • In theory, any element with two stable isotopes can be used as an isotopic tracer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Measurements of stable lead isotopes ( 5) in selected environmental samples and the patient's blood showed that the isotopic lead composition of the porch paint and window well dust in the her Manchester apartment matched the composition of lead in her blood more closely than did the isotopic composition of other samples, including those from her previous residence in Egypt. (cdc.gov)
  • Only when this rare condition is present in a gap would a chemically stable assembly of hydrogen nuclei and electrons form at these locations. (lenrexplained.com)
  • However, the most commonly used stable isotope tracers involve relatively light isotopes, which readily undergo fractionation in natural systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • Isotopes lighter than the stable isotopes primarily undergo beta plus decay to isotopes of arsenic, and isotopes heavier than the stable isotopes undergo beta minus decay to isotopes of bromine, with some minor neutron emission branches in the heaviest known isotopes. (w3we.com)
  • In nuclear industry boron is commonly used as a neutron absorber due to the high neutron cross-section of isotope 10B. (periodic-table.org)
  • Plutonium is the heaviest primordial element by virtue of its most stable isotope , plutonium-244 , whose half-life of about 80 million years is just long enough for the element to be found in trace quantities in nature. (infogalactic.com)
  • Plutonium isotopes are expensive and inconvenient to separate, so particular isotopes are usually manufactured in specialized reactors. (infogalactic.com)
  • Isotope tracers are commonly used in the form of isotope ratios. (wikipedia.org)
  • People commonly use iron for preventing and treating different types of anemia caused by low iron levels. (webmd.com)
  • Hepcidin is produced both in the liver and in fat tissue and is modulated by body iron stores and hypoxia, but also, as recently recognised, by proinflammatory cytokines, which are commonly elevated in individuals with excess weight and can promote hepcidin formation. (drsharma.ca)
  • It is commonly used as a tracer to measure iron absorption and loss in the body. (nanouniverse-library.jp)
  • The threshold zones are placed against a carrier material or close to vol. zones of metals or metal layers, composed of metals capable of absorbing \-1 atom% of hydrogen or its isotope. (rexresearch.com)
  • 3. The same universal mechanism and required conditions apply to all isotopes of hydrogen. (lenrexplained.com)
  • The different isotopes of hydrogen produce different nuclear products by the same mechanism. (lenrexplained.com)
  • Reason: All hydrogen isotopes have very similar chemical properties that control the assembly process. (lenrexplained.com)
  • Lead has the highest atomic number of any stable element and concludes three major decay chains of heavier elements. (wikiversity.org)
  • The quantity of isotopes in the decay chains at a certain time are calculated with the Bateman equation . (marefa.org)
  • The chemical symbol for Iron is Fe. (viking.nu)
  • The chemical symbol for Calcium is Ca. Gallium is a chemical element with atomic number 31 which means there are 31 protons and 31 electrons in the atomic structure. (viking.nu)
  • Iron is a chemical element with the atomic number 26 in the periodic table. (thechemicalelements.com)
  • The influence of some antipsychotics on erythrocyte magnesium and plasma magnesium, calcium, copper and zinc in patients with paranoid schizophrenia. (therapeuticresearch.com)
  • Taking copper in combination with zinc, manganese, and calcium might slow bone loss in older women. (supplemented.net)
  • Various values have been applied by different expert bodies to convert absorbed iron or zinc into dietary intakes, and these are summarised in this review. (cambridge.org)
  • Spinal bone loss in postmenopausal women supplemented with calcium and trace minerals. (therapeuticresearch.com)
  • Iron can also be traced in the meteors that consist of the iron-nickel minerals taenite (35-80% iron) and kamacite (90-95% iron). (thechemicalelements.com)
  • The largest portion of the iron that occurs in the crust is found combined with oxygen in a form of iron oxide minerals, such as hematite (Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4). (thechemicalelements.com)
  • The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chicory fructan fiber supplementation on bone mineral density, apparent absorption of minerals and serum parameters related to bone turnover in postmenopausal women. (vilof-inulin.com)
  • Objectives Deficiencies of vitamin A, iron and iodine affect a significant portion of the world's population and are often associated with adverse health outcomes, particularly among pregnant women and children. (micronutrientforum.org)
  • Though it's been around since the formation of planet Earth, ancient civilizations didn't utilize iron until some time around 2000 BC, when the Iron Age replaced the Bronze Era. (thechemicalelements.com)
  • The chosen isotope can act as a label on that compound that can be identified through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). Some of the most common stable isotopes are 2H, 13C, and 15N, which can further be produced into NMR solvents, amino acids, nucleic acids, lipids, common metabolites and cell growth media. (wikipedia.org)
  • To obtain an electrode for cold nuclear fusion which can manufacture isotopes, precious metals, rare elements or thermal energy through nuclear transformation by containing as a material for the electrode a substance which can cause nuclear transformation. (rexresearch.com)
  • During its production in the Universe, nickel-56 decays to the most common isotope of iron during the last exothermic nuclear fusion reaction. (thechemicalelements.com)
  • The 57Fe-HS resonances are associated with the spin of the iron(II) nucleus which is influenced by its magnetic moment. (nanouniverse-library.jp)
  • Stable isotope tracers involve only non-radiogenic isotopes and usually are mass-dependent. (wikipedia.org)
  • With the periodic table symbol Fe, atomic number 26, atomic mass of 55.85 g.mol-1, and electron configuration [Ar] 3d64s2, iron is a ductile, malleable, lustrous silver -gray metal. (thechemicalelements.com)
  • When a supernova explodes, it scatters iron, oxygen, and carbon atoms all over outer space, and by the force of gravity, it lands on other planets, asteroids, and meteors. (thechemicalelements.com)
  • During the 1850s, the scientists of the time discovered that iron becomes more durable if a little bit of carbon was added to it. (thechemicalelements.com)
  • Sulfur, S, is a nonmetallic element that exists in a crystalline or amorphous form and in four stable isotopes. (blansacar.cn)
  • Radiostrontium is released to the environment from routine and accidental discharge and acts on living organisms either from external sources or after absorption. (scienceopen.com)
  • Iron helps red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs to cells all over the body. (webmd.com)
  • Iron is essential for numerous bodily functions not least the production of the red blood cell oxygen transporter hemoglobin and myoglobin, a related molecule essential for muscle function. (drsharma.ca)
  • Ferritin protein manages iron and oxygen. (healthblogs.org)
  • By binding to oxygen molecules, iron in our blood supports the diffusion of oxygen to all systems, tissues, and organs of the body. (thechemicalelements.com)
  • Clumped isotope thermometry has been applied to freshwater carbonates to reconstruct temperatures, however, limited work has been done to evaluate comparative relationships between clumped isotopes and temperature in different types of modern freshwater carbonates. (authorea.com)
  • This is due to the fact that the 57Fe atomic spins are trapped in a HS state until the nucleogenic iron(II) complex turns into the LS ground state. (nanouniverse-library.jp)
  • Treatment and supplementation will of course depend on what the problem is - if lack of nutritional iron is the problem - sure, iron supplements can work. (drsharma.ca)
  • Abstract Calcium and magnesium hardness salts in groundwater are very common and caused major problems for drinking and household purposes. (siftdesk.org)
  • The researchers suggest that iron chelation may be a novel mechanism that contributes to the potent cancer chemopreventive activity of curcumin . (healthblogs.org)
  • Taking iron by mouth or by IV along with other medications such as epoetin alfa can help build red blood cells and prevent or treat anemia in people with certain chronic diseases. (webmd.com)
  • Taking iron by mouth or by IV is effective for treating and preventing anemia caused by too little iron in the body. (webmd.com)
  • Taking iron by mouth during pregnancy reduces the risk of anemia caused by too little iron in the body. (webmd.com)
  • Ferroportin in turn is largely regulated by hepcidin, a 25-amino acid peptide hormone, which is both an inhibitor of intestinal iron absorption as well as macrophage iron release. (drsharma.ca)
  • The authors conclude their article by summarizing the findings from three recent intervention studies: one in 15 obese children, where weight loss resulted both in a decrease in hepcidin levels and improved enteral iron absorption as well as two studies in bariatric surgical patients showing reduction in inflammation markers, decrease in hepcidin levels and improved iron status. (drsharma.ca)
  • Consumption of Galacto Oligosaccharides Increases Iron Absorption from Ferrous Fumarate : A Stable Iron Isotope Study in Iron-Depleted Young Women. (frieslandcampinaingredients.com)
  • Milk products are good sources of calcium and their consumption may reduce bone resorption and thus contribute to prevent bone loss. (vilof-inulin.com)
  • We tested the hypothesis that bedtime consumption of fermented milk supplemented with calcium inhibits the nocturnally enhanced bone resorption more markedly than fermented milk alone, and postulated that this effect was most pronounced when calcium absorption enhancers were added. (vilof-inulin.com)
  • Calcium absorption and whole-body bone mineral content are greater in young adolescents who receive 8 g/d of Synergy, a mixture of inulin-type fructans (ITF), compared with those who received a maltodextrin control. (vilof-inulin.com)
  • Non-digestible oligosaccharides such as inulin and oligofructose have been shown to consistently increase calcium absorption in experimental animals, but data in humans or a mixture of inulin and oligofructose on calcium absorption in girls at or near menarche. (vilof-inulin.com)
  • The number of neutrons determines the isotope of an element but does not affect the electrical charge. (welladjusted.co)
  • 7. Which of the following is the most stable element? (allexamreview.com)
  • Iron is likely safe for most people when used in doses below the tolerable upper intake level (UL) of 45 mg elemental iron daily. (webmd.com)
  • High iron intake in the diet might increase the risk of heart disease in females with type 2 diabetes . (webmd.com)
  • Several hypotheses have been suggested for this paradox including dilutional (pseudo) hypoferremia, poor dietary iron intake, increased iron requirements (in part due to the earlier onset and often more severe periods associated with excess weight), and/or impaired iron absorption in obese individuals. (drsharma.ca)
  • According to USDA recommended Dietary Guidelines for Americans, only 25% of the overall population met the recommended calcium intake in 1994-96 and only 6% of female adults over 60 met the recommended intake of calcium. (2medicalcare.com)
  • Only 59% of the US population 4 met the recommended daily iron intake for the same period. (2medicalcare.com)
  • It is also a good indicator of dietary iron intake because it decreases when ingested but does not affect the concentration of iron in the body. (nanouniverse-library.jp)
  • The article summarizes the abundant data from epidemiological studies, dating as far back as 1962, documenting the inverse associations between adult and childhood adiposity and poor iron status (defined in most studies as low serum iron concentration). (drsharma.ca)
  • It just so happens that, according to my most recent (April) test results, my serum iron and ferritin (ferritin, by the way, is a protein that binds to and stores iron that the body can use when needed) are the lowest they have ever been, as far as I know. (healthblogs.org)
  • He told me to take an iron supplement to increase my serum iron levels, but, as stubborn as an Alpine goat, I decided to wait for my next test results (still haven't taken them, by the way). (healthblogs.org)
  • The reactant is 'labeled' by replacing specific atoms by their isotope. (wikipedia.org)
  • For the transmutation of long half-life isotopes, their surfaces are exposed to an electrolyte or a gas or plasma atmosphere to form intermediate layers or vol. zones of a number of structure layers. (rexresearch.com)
  • that may help us figure out the difference between the two types of ferritin: iron accumulates in tissues in a solid, slow release form thanks to the ferritin protein. (healthblogs.org)
  • Together with iron, it enables the body to form red blood cells. (supplemented.net)
  • It also helps the body form collagen and absorb iron, and plays a role in energy production. (supplemented.net)
  • left me a comment pointing to a study on curcumin that might provide an explanation for my low iron levels. (healthblogs.org)
  • The first study deals specifically with curcumin and iron. (healthblogs.org)
  • The objective of this study is to examine the dose-response effect of inulin on mineral absorption and faecal short-chain fatty acids concentration in formula-fed infants. (vilof-inulin.com)
  • This study aimed to applyzeolite synthesized from Egyptian kaolin as ion exchanger to remove excess total and calcium hardness ions in groundwater wells of Assiut Governorate, according to WHO (2004) and the standards Egyptian drinking water Law No. (458/2007). (siftdesk.org)
  • Our bodies need iron in order to function normally, but too much iron can increase the risk of developing cancer by promoting free radicals, and let's also not forget that, once you have cancer, your cancer cells eagerly gobble up this metal, which is essential to their growth and wellbeing. (healthblogs.org)
  • 0.05) increase in per cent apparent absorption, per cent apparent retention and net retention of iron were seen in infants supplemented with 1 g/day inulin. (vilof-inulin.com)
  • Iron is the most common cause of poisoning deaths in children. (webmd.com)
  • We give examples on strontium transfer factors for 149 plants to estimate plant absorption capacity for strontium from soil, water and air. (scienceopen.com)
  • Iron is likely unsafe when taken in excessive doses. (webmd.com)
  • Iron is likely safe to use while pregnant and breast-feeding in doses below the UL of 45 mg of elemental iron by mouth daily. (webmd.com)
  • But iron is likely unsafe when taken by mouth in high doses. (webmd.com)
  • Iron is likely safe when taken by mouth in doses below the UL of 40 mg of elemental iron daily. (webmd.com)
  • But high doses of iron are likely unsafe for children. (webmd.com)
  • This review aims to describe approaches used to estimate bioavailability when deriving dietary reference values (DRV) for iron and zinc using the factorial approach. (cambridge.org)
  • Cells have entry mechanisms for strontium such as plasma membrane transporters for calcium and potassium. (scienceopen.com)
  • In addition, lipocalin 2, an iron binding protein is also produced by fat cells and could lead to sequestration of iron stores making them unavailable for hemoglobin or myoglobin formation. (drsharma.ca)
  • But too little iron can lead us to develop anaemia, which is one of the markers of active myeloma. (healthblogs.org)