Calcium ions channels. Medical search. Frequent questions

This neurotoxicity appears also to be mediated by Zn 2+ influx, in large part through voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels and also through NMDA receptor-gated channels ( Koh and Choi, 1994 ) and Ca 2+ -permeable AMPA/kainate receptor-gated channels ( Yin and Weiss, 1995 ). (jneurosci.org)
Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are a class of drugs that act by selective inhibition of calcium influx through cellular membranes. (hindawi.com)
Binding of progesterone to CatSper causes a temporary influx, or surge, of calcium ions into the sperm cell, controlling several sperm functions necessary for fertilization. (newswise.com)
Furthermore, nine of the 13 UV filters seem to induce this calcium ion influx by directly activating the CatSper channel, thereby mimicking the effect of progesterone. (newswise.com)
Nicardipine is a calcium ion influx inhibitor (slow channel blocker or calcium channel blocker). (nih.gov)
Nicardipine inhibits the transmembrane influx of calcium ions into cardiac muscle and smooth muscle without changing serum calcium concentrations. (nih.gov)
Photoreceptor cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels regulate Ca2+ influx in rod and cone photoreceptors. (cipsm.de)
Verelan ® (verapamil hydrochloride capsules) is a calcium ion influx inhibitor (slow channel blocker or calcium ion antagonist). (drugs.com)
Verelan is a calcium ion influx inhibitor (slow channel blocker or calcium ion antagonist) which exerts its pharmacologic effects by modulating the influx of ionic calcium across the cell membrane of the arterial smooth muscle as well as in conductile and contractile myocardial cells. (drugs.com)
The therapeutic effects of diltiazem are believed to be related to its ability to inhibit the cellular influx of calcium ions during membrane depolarization of cardiac and vascular smooth muscle. (nih.gov)
While resting lymphocytes maintain a low cytosolic calcium ion concentration, antigen receptor signaling results in calcium ion influx, predominantly via store-operated calcium channels. (degruyter.com)
We therefore hypothesized that desensitization by low-dose immunotherapy is associated with reduced influx of calcium ions into lymphocytes. (degruyter.com)
Calcium channels mediate the influx of calcium ions into the cell upon membrane polarization. (thermofisher.com)
2) This causes calcium ion channels to open, resulting in an influx of calcium ions in the terminal. (oist.jp)

This flow of ions can result in either depolarization or hyperpolarization. (wikipedia.org)
Many types of ion channels, including those necessary for neuronal signaling and the beating of the heart, will physically open, allowing a flow of ions in or out of the cell, when a certain stimulus is applied. (medicalxpress.com)

that allows negatively charged chlorine atoms (chloride ions) to cross the cell membrane. (medlineplus.gov)
In this HOT paper , the Schmitzer group at the Université de Montréal are particularly interested in the transport of chloride ions in epithelial cells through calcium activated ion channels. (rsc.org)
They hope to mediate the concentrations of both calcium and chloride ions using synthetic ionophores. (rsc.org)

For continued firing, delayed potassium channels repolarize the membrane, allowing another round of depolarization. (jove.com)
Additionally, rapidly inactivating potassium channels maintain the intensity and frequency of firing proportional to the strength of depolarization. (jove.com)
The ion channels I f and I Ca,T are responsible for this slow depolarization in phase 4 (Fig. 1). (medscape.com)

The contractile processes of cardiac muscle and vascular smooth muscle are dependent upon the movement of extracellular calcium ions into these cells through specific ion channels. (nih.gov)
Adequate and steady extracellular calcium levels are essential for neuronal activity, whereas certain forms of calcium supplement (e.g. (bvsalud.org)

Savory Signaling: T1R Umami Receptor Modulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Store Content and Release Dynamics in Airway Epithelial Cells. (harvard.edu)

After the identification of amino acids from purified proteins, cloning and functional expression of CNG channels were performed. (wikipedia.org)
Orai1 proteins form the major ion conducting units mediating the Ca 2+ release activated Ca 2+ current (I CRAC ) in immune cells among many other cell types. (nature.com)
Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins which allow the passage of ions in and out of a cell through the plasma membrane. (tocris.com)
Disorders resulting from a mutation in the gene encoding an ion channel or its regulatory proteins are called channelopathies. (tocris.com)
Build comprehensive models for protein ion channels and membrane proteins. (ualberta.ca)
This domain is found in sodium, potassium, and calcium ion channels proteins. (embl.de)
The proteins have 6 transmembrane helices in which the last two helices flank a loop which determines ion selectivity. (embl.de)
In some Na channel proteins the domain is repeated four times, whereas in others (e.g. (embl.de)
Continuous protein pathways are composed of carrier proteins , channels and pumps . (wikibooks.org)
The transport may be active transport by carrier proteins with an energy source, or it may be facilitated diffusion or passive transport via channels. (wikibooks.org)
The differing concentrations of calcium activate different enzymes: kinase proteins in the case of LTP, or phosphatases for LTD. These enzymes modify the synapse, making it more or less efficient at relaying nerve impulses. (brainfacts.org)
These rare diseases are often the underlying cause of sudden cardiac death in young individuals and result from mutations in several genes encoding ion channels or proteins involved in their regulation. (cdc.gov)
The toxic effects of lead result from its interference with the physiologic actions of calcium, zinc, and iron, through the inhibition of certain enzymes, and through binding to ion channels and regulatory proteins. (cdc.gov)
There are a myriad of mutations identified in genes encoding cardiac transcription factors, ion channels, gap junctions, energy metabolism regulators, lamins and other structural proteins. (medscape.com)
In the following, we refer to pump of halophilic archaebacteria, has become the these as the extracellular (EC) channel and the paradigm of membrane proteins in general and ion cytoplasmic (CP) channel. (lu.se)

Specifically, the investigators evaluated calcium signaling, which is signaling inside the cell brought on by changes in the concentration of calcium ions. (newswise.com)
So far, research knows calcium channels from the so-called OSCA family [calcium-permeable channel], which can be activated mechanically and osmotically [fluid passing through a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to a higher solute concentration]. (icr.org)
The process or movement of any molecule or ion moving down or up a concentration gradient requires a change in free energy. (wikibooks.org)
The channel regulates the changes in calcium ion concentration that control the muscle contractile apparatus and, in turn, muscle movement. (the-scientist.com)
LTP boosts the concentration of calcium ions inside a postsynaptic cell, while LTD increases it to a lesser degree. (brainfacts.org)

A CNG channel consists of four subunits around a central pore. (wikipedia.org)
The P-loop and S6 segments around the pore, which plays a role in ion conduction. (wikipedia.org)
Cyclic nucleotide gated channel alpha-subunits include Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 1 Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 2 Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 3 Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 4 Cyclic nucleotide gated channel beta-subunits include: Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel beta 1 Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel beta 3 The structure of the pore is similar to other ion channels that contain P-loops. (wikipedia.org)
Nobody knew exactly how this process actually looks and works-does the "ball" block the opening of the channel, or actually go in and plug the pore, or alternatively, alter the conformation of the channel indirectly? (medicalxpress.com)
The pictures revealed that even when the MthK channel is in the calcium-activated, "open" state, the pathway through which ions flow was plugged by a flexible element that sticks into the pore of the channel structure. (medicalxpress.com)
Ion channels can be classified by different properties, including by the gating mechanism or the ion selectivity of the pore. (tocris.com)
In this review, we introduce the broad application of β-TCP in tissue engineering and discuss the different approaches that β-TCP scaffolds are customized, including physical modification (e.g., pore size, porosity and roughness) and the incorporation of metal ions, other materials (e.g., bioactive glass) and stem cells (e.g., mesenchymal stem cells). (frontiersin.org)
The alpha-1 subunit consists of 24 transmembrane segments and forms the pore through which ions pass into the cell. (thermofisher.com)

Researchers found that a calcium channel called ORAI1 regulates astrocyte reactivity and their ability to release inflammatory substances, influencing brain inflammation. (technologynetworks.com)
CALM2 G114R is a variation in the gene CALM2 that codes for a protein called calmodulin ( read our genetics explainer ) which, in turn, regulates the movement of calcium in heart muscle cells. (cosmosmagazine.com)

CNG channels are nonselective cation channels that are found in the membranes of various tissue and cell types, and are significant in sensory transduction as well as cellular development. (wikipedia.org)
Hundreds of different types of ion channel have been identified in the membranes of all biological cells. (tocris.com)
The hydrogen ions, in turn, bind to calcium channels in the nerve cell membranes, closing these channels off. (sciencedaily.com)
The new research suggests that progesterone works by opening a pH-sensitive calcium channel called CatSper, which resides on sperm tail membranes. (acs.org)

In 2000, scientists performed studies using mouse retina and molecular cloning to find a new subunit of the channel, CNG6. (wikipedia.org)
Here we combine experimental and theoretical approaches and show that oxidation of Orai1 leads to reduced subunit interaction, slows diffusion and that either oxidized C195 or its oxidomimetic mutation C195D located at the exit of transmembrane helix 3 virtually eliminates channel activation by intramolecular interaction with S239 of transmembrane helix 4, thereby locking the channel in a closed conformation. (nature.com)
Mutations in CACNA1F encoding the α1-subunit of the retinal Cav1.4 L-type calcium channel have been linked to Cav1.4 channelopathies including incomplete congenital stationary night blindness type 2A (CSNB2), Åland Island eye disease (AIED) and cone-rod dystrophy type 3 (CORDX3). (cipsm.de)
CACNA1C encodes an alpha-1 subunit of a voltage-dependent calcium channel. (thermofisher.com)

CNG channels have important functions in signal transduction in retinal photoreceptors and olfactory receptor neurons. (wikipedia.org)
When associated with mutations in GABA A receptor or calcium channel genes, it seems to follow an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to increase the likelihood of the disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
The NMDA-induced increase was only partly sensitive to Gd 3+ or to removal of extracellular Na + , consistent with a third route of entry directly through NMDA receptor-gated channels. (jneurosci.org)
This channel is the main sperm receptor for progesterone, a potent hormone attractant for human sperm cells. (newswise.com)
Calcium ions (Ca2+) can enter the plant cell through receptor-gated or voltage-gated calcium channels in the cell's membrane. (icr.org)
Three years after the initial discovery, they found that another protein structurally related to glutathione transferases, a chloride intracellular ion channel, CLIC-2, could also dampen the activity of the ryanodine receptor in the heart. (the-scientist.com)
4) The neurotransmitters bind to receptor sites on ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane, causing them to open. (oist.jp)

This is because the acid binds to and inhibits neuronal calcium channels, which control the release of neurotransmitters. (sciencedaily.com)
We conclude that almitrine inhibits selectively the Ca 2+ -dependent K + channel and that in rat chemoreceptor cells, this inhibition could represent an important mechanism of action underlying the therapeutic actions of the drug. (aspetjournals.org)

5) Ions flow into the postsynaptic neuron, which generates an action potential when a threshold level is reached. (oist.jp)
Increasing the number of receptors on the postsynaptic cell strengthens a synapse by allowing more electrically conductive ions to enter. (brainfacts.org)
LTP involves a series of molecular events stabilizing the synaptic changes: The increase in calcium ions within the postsynaptic cell activates cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) molecules. (brainfacts.org)

Intracellular lymphocytic calcium ion concentrations were assayed in a total of 47 patients, following incubation with picogram amounts of the test allergens, using a cell-permeable calcium-sensing ratiometric fluorescent dye and fluorescence spectroscopy, both at baseline and following successful provocation neutralization treatment with low-dose immunotherapy. (degruyter.com)

It resides in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum to channel two types of cargo: protein substrates and calcium ions. (amrita.edu)
Using cellular disease models for ADTKD-SEC61A1, we identified an impaired protein transport of the renal secretory protein renin and a reduced abundance of regulatory calcium transporters, including SERCA2. (amrita.edu)
Treatment with the molecular chaperone phenylbutyrate reversed the defective protein transport of renin and the imbalanced calcium homeostasis. (amrita.edu)
This compound will hopefully inspire new drugs to treat cystic fibrosis, which is caused by mutation of a chloride-ion channel known as the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR). (rsc.org)
In previous work, we found that gain-of-function mutations that hyperactivate GEM-1 (an SLC16A transporter protein) can bypass the requirement for GON-2 (a TRPM channel protein) during the initiation of gonadogenesis in C. elegans. (cipsm.de)
K channels) the protein forms a tetramer in the membrane. (embl.de)

Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels or CNG channels are ion channels that function in response to the binding of cyclic nucleotides. (wikipedia.org)
They are directly activated by cyclic nucleotides, and approximately 4 cyclic nucleotides are needed to activate each channel. (wikipedia.org)
We previously reported the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 6 (CNGC6) in the responses of plants to heat shock (HS) exposure. (biomedcentral.com)

Because astrocyte activity is regulated by intracellular calcium, investigators first bred mice without the ORAI1 gene, which has been shown to control calcium signaling in many mammalian cells including immune cells and microglia. (technologynetworks.com)
This gene encodes a member of the potassium channel, voltage-gated, shab-related subfamily. (nih.gov)
Anti-Ro/SSA antibodies may produce a long QT interval syndrome by inhibiting the human ether-a-go-go-related gene ( hERG ) related outward potassium channel, and transplacental exposure to these antibodies in utero is responsible for congenital AV block. (msdmanuals.com)
Human genetic studies have identified mutations in the sodium channel SCN5A gene causing tachyarrhythmia disorders, as well as progressive cardiac conduction system diseases, or overlapping syndromes. (medscape.com)

Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are drugs in clinical use for hypertension and other heart pathologies. (hindawi.com)
The main groups include sodium channel blockers, calcium current inhibitors, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) enhancers, glutamate blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, hormones, and drugs with unknown mechanisms of action (see the image below). (medscape.com)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are typically defined as biologically reactive molecules or ions formed by reduction of oxygen. (nature.com)
All cells need to acquire the molecules and ions that they need from their surrounding extracellular fluid. (wikibooks.org)
There exists an exchange of molecules and ions in and out of the cell wall, as well as in and out of membrane-bounded intracellular compartments such as the nucleus, ER, and mitrochondria. (wikibooks.org)
Calcium ions also function as second messengers - signaling molecules that set off a chain of molecular events within cells. (brainfacts.org)

The kainate-induced increase was highly sensitive to Gd 3+ or Na + removal in most neurons but insensitive in a minority subpopulation ("cobalt-positive cells"), suggesting that a fourth route of neuronal Zn 2+ entry is through the Ca 2+ -permeable channels gated by certain subtypes of AMPA or kainate receptors. (jneurosci.org)
Many structures and processes are involved in the development of a seizure, including neurons, ion channels, receptors, glia, and inhibitory and excitatory synapses. (medscape.com)
The NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) and AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) classes of glutamate receptors are ion channels. (brainfacts.org)

The movement of ions through cell walls is essential for a host of biological processes. (rsc.org)
Movement of calcium ions within sperm cells, through calcium ion channels, plays a major role on sperm cell function, according to Skakkebaek. (newswise.com)
Having pioneered the study of muscle physiology in mammals, she uncovered how ion channels enable muscle movement. (the-scientist.com)

Low-dose immunotherapy may affect baseline levels of intracellular calcium in lymphocytes, supporting the premise that allergens affect cell signaling in immune cells and provocation neutralization immunotherapy helps to promote more normal immune cell signaling. (degruyter.com)

The study, published March 18, 2020, in Nature , confirms a long-standing hypothesis about ion channels, and represents a key advance in the understanding of the basic biological processes at work in most cells . (medicalxpress.com)
The researchers] are pursuing the hypothesis that a calcium channel is an integral part of the heat sensor, or even the sensor itself. (icr.org)
Conclusions: The present data further strengthen our hypothesis that chronic tinnitus without permanent hearing loss is associated with increases in calcium channel linked neuronal activity. (cdc.gov)

Four sequence-related potassium channel genes - shaker, shaw, shab, and shal - have been identified in Drosophila, and each has been shown to have human homolog(s). (nih.gov)
This member is a delayed rectifier potassium channel and its activity is modulated by some other family members. (nih.gov)
The role of the voltage-gated potassium channel, Kv2.1 in prostate cancer cell migration. (nih.gov)
Calcium-gated potassium channel MthK in closed, open and inactivated states, from left to right. (medicalxpress.com)
Its "MthK" channel is known to be structurally similar to the mammalian "BK" potassium channel that is crucial for the proper function of neurons and many other cell types -yet MthK has key simplifications that make it easier to image. (medicalxpress.com)
Ball-and-chain inactivation in a calcium-gated potassium channel, Nature (2020). (medicalxpress.com)

CNG channels have also been found to exist in prokaryotes, including many spirochaeta, though their precise role in bacterial physiology remains unknown. (wikipedia.org)

Manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) uses the paramagnetic manganese (Mn2+) ion, a contrast agent and calcium channel probe, to assess calcium channel linked neuronal activity. (cdc.gov)

Initially discovered in the cells that make up the retina of the eye, CNG channels have been found in many different cell types across both the animal and the plant kingdoms. (wikipedia.org)
CNG channels are nonselective and allow many alkali ions to flow into or out of a cell expressing CNG channels on its membrane. (wikipedia.org)
The team observed that the ion channels of the cells opened at certain temperatures, for example to allow calcium to enter the cell. (nanowerk.com)
However, in order to switch ion flow on and off with high enough frequencies to meet the demands of neurons, heart muscle cells and other cell types, some ion channels need an additional, on-the-fly mechanism to stop ion flow-even when the stimulus is still present and the channel structure is in principle in the "open" state. (medicalxpress.com)
This is due chiefly to the complexity of these channels in mammals and the difficulty of reconstructing them, for imaging purposes, in a cell-membrane-like environment where they are normally connected to other cell membrane components. (medicalxpress.com)
The vast majority of this transportation occurs through ion channels or pores in the cell membrane. (rsc.org)
Building on their research into imidazolium amphiphiles , they have developed a benzimidazolium-based compound that increases chloride flux in a variety of lipid bilayer systems, and increases bacterial cell wall permeability to calcium ions. (rsc.org)
The researchers found that 13, or 45 percent, of the 29 UV filters tested induced calcium ion influxes in the sperm cells, thus interfering with normal sperm cell function. (newswise.com)
Knocking down Cav1 calcium channels implicated in Th 2 cell activation prevents experimental asthma. (degruyter.com)
Ryanodine is an ion channel, embedded in an internal membrane within the muscle cell, that surrounds a pocket of calcium ions. (the-scientist.com)
Upon binding glutamate, they permit calcium and sodium ions, respectively, to flow into the cell. (brainfacts.org)
Voltage-dependent cell membrane glycoproteins selectively permeable to calcium ions. (bvsalud.org)

However, understanding and then targeting this ball-and-chain structure that we were able to image could allow us to therapeutically modulate potassium channels with much more specificity. (medicalxpress.com)

Researchers in Prof. Özkale Edelmann's team used kidney cells to demonstrate that cellular ion channels can be influenced. (nanowerk.com)
Calcium channels transport positively charged calcium atoms (calcium ions) into cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Store-operated Ca 2+ entry mediated by STIM1-gated Orai1 channels is essential to activate immune cells and its inhibition or gain-of-function can lead to immune dysfunction and other pathologies. (nature.com)
Ion channels, which allow potassium and sodium ions to flow in and out of cells, are crucial in neuronal 'firing' in the central nervous system and for brain and heart function. (medicalxpress.com)
Different classes of potassium channels in human cells are very similar in their channel structures. (medicalxpress.com)
The researchers determined that a rise in ATP outside the nerve cells causes adjacent glial cells to release hydrogen ions, which raise the acidity of the immediate extracellular environment. (sciencedaily.com)
Researchers in Canada have developed the first benzimidazolium-based synthetic ion channel and shown that it can cause damage to bacterial cells walls. (rsc.org)
The Lord Jesus has designed a number of critical signaling systems inside cells using the element calcium. (icr.org)
Calmodulin closes the ion channels through which calcium flits in and out of the heart muscle cells. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Specialized cells that surround and nourish egg cells release progesterone, which makes calcium ions rush into human sperm. (acs.org)
The inhibitory effect of almitrine on Ca 2+ -dependent K + channels also was observed in GH3 cells. (aspetjournals.org)
In particular, O 2 -sensitive K + channels seem to be different between rabbit and rat chemoreceptor cells. (aspetjournals.org)
In contrast to nonpacemaker cells, SA and AV nodal cells predominantly use calcium channels for the initial upstroke in phase 0 (Fig. 1) and lack sodium ion channels for the rapid initial upstroke in phase 1 of their action potentials. (medscape.com)

CNG channels were also found in cone photoreceptors, chemo sensitive cilia of olfactory sensory neurons, and the pineal gland. (wikipedia.org)
Mutations that result in overactive calcium channels cause certain neurons to become overstimulated, triggering seizures. (medlineplus.gov)

The calcium channels, when open, allow for the release of neurotransmitters. (sciencedaily.com)

Mutations in other genes that do not provide instructions for making ion channels have also been associated with childhood absence epilepsy. (medlineplus.gov)

Like other calcium channel antagonists, diltiazem decreases sinoatrial and atrioventricular conduction in isolated tissues and has a negative inotropic effect in isolated preparations. (nih.gov)

Color blindness and retinal degeneration result when CNG channels have mutations. (wikipedia.org)

The syndrome is caused by changes in the structure and function of certain cardiac ion channels and reduced expression of Connexin 43 (Cx43) in the Right Ventricle (RV), predominantly in the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract (VSVD), causing electromechanical abnormalities. (bvsalud.org)

Sequential reduction of oxygen leads to the formation of a number of ROS including superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and hydroxyl ion. (nature.com)

Calcium, Dietary" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)

CatSper is a sperm-specific calcium ion channel that he said is essential for male fertility. (newswise.com)

CNG channels have a very complex structure with various subunits and domains that play a critical role in their function. (wikipedia.org)
CNG channels are significant in the function of various sensory pathways including vision and olfaction, as well as in other key cellular functions such as hormone release and chemotaxis. (wikipedia.org)
The direct imaging of the ball-and-chain mechanism, using electron-microscopy techniques, can also provide a new angle to design drugs that target it to improve ion channel function. (medicalxpress.com)
The scientists confirmed the function of this plug mechanism by showing that when the 'ball-and-chain' was deleted genetically, the flow of potassium ions through the calcium-activated MthK channel was no longer regulated. (medicalxpress.com)
A multitude of diseases result from the disruption of normal ion channel function. (tocris.com)
Ion channels are also involved in non-genetic diseases, such as diarrhea, which is mediated by toxicological effects on ion channel function. (tocris.com)
Downregulation in cellular ion homeostasis, including ion channel function and neurotransmitter release, were observed after knocking out AEG‑1 expression. (spandidos-publications.com)
Channelopathies are a group of genetic, autoimmune, or inflammatory conditions that alter cardiomyocyte ion channel function in a manner that predisposes to bradyarrhythmias or tachyarrhythmias in the absence of a structural heart disorder. (msdmanuals.com)
Either gain of function or loss of function in these ion channels, particularly when the abnormal channels are unevenly distributed, fosters abnormal electrophysiological environments. (msdmanuals.com)
Short QT Interval Syndromes The short QT interval syndromes (SQTS) are extremely rare congenital or very rarely acquired disorders of cardiac ion channel function or regulation that shorten ventricular myocyte action potential. (msdmanuals.com)
and inflammatory disorders producing cytokinins that affect cardiomyocyte ion channel function are increasingly being recognized. (msdmanuals.com)

This neuronal computation is aided by several voltage-gated channels present in the axon hillock and other neuron regions. (jove.com)
If the EPSP stimulation is above the threshold, voltage-gated sodium channels at the axon hillock depolarize the membrane to trigger the action potential. (jove.com)
The firing of an action potential by an axon is accomplished through sodium channels. (medscape.com)

Sex Differences in Phosphate Homeostasis: Females Excrete More Phosphate and Calcium After an Oral Phosphate Challenge. (harvard.edu)

CNG channels can be activated by cAMP or cGMP exclusively, or sometimes by a combination of both cNMPs, and some channels are more selective than others. (wikipedia.org)

Cardiomyocyte model of mechanical modulation of ion channels and calcium handling. (ox.ac.uk)

Problems with another type of ion channel, called a calcium channel, are also associated with childhood absence epilepsy. (medlineplus.gov)

Some antiepileptic drugs work by acting on combination of channels or through some unknown mechanism of action. (medscape.com)

Here, we investigated to which extent slow pH changes can activate ASIC1a channels and induce action potential signaling. (frontiersin.org)

Calcium, calmodulin, and phosphorylation modulate the opening of CNG channels. (wikipedia.org)
But if you have the CALM2 G114R variant, calmodulin gets bad at closing the channel - it stays open and calcium can come and go as it pleases. (cosmosmagazine.com)

So we asked, 'what is the contribution of astrocyte activation and astrocyte calcium signaling for this behavioral depression? (technologynetworks.com)
This is novel for the field because the role of astrocyte calcium signaling in controlling brain inflammation has not really been explored. (technologynetworks.com)

cGMP, the native ligand of the photoreceptor CNG channels, has been associated with cytotoxicity when its levels rise above normal due to defects in photoreceptor phosphodiesterase (PDE6) or regulation of retinal guanylyl cyclase (retGC). (cipsm.de)

Gated Calcium Ion Channel and Mutation Mechanisms in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis. (harvard.edu)

Anatomy23

Organisms12

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs159

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Phenomena and Processes41

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Health Care1

Influx14

Flow of ions2

Chloride ions3

Depolarization3

Extracellular calcium2

Epithelial cells1

Proteins15

Concentration5

Pore8

Regulates2

Membranes4

Subunit4

Receptor7

Inhibits2

Postsynaptic3

Concentrations1

Protein6

Cyclic3

Gene4

Blockers2

Molecules4

Receptors3

Movement3

Intracellular calcium1

Hypothesis3

Potassium channel6

Physiology1

Neuronal activity1

Cell12

Specificity1

Cells13

Neurons2

Release of neurotransmitt1

Genes1

Conduction1

Mutations1

Predominantly1

Hydrogen1

Descriptor1

CatSper1

Function11

Axon3

Homeostasis1

Selective1

Cardiomyocyte1

Type of ion1

Mechanism of Act1

Induce1

Calmodulin2

Signaling2

Regulation1

Mechanisms1