Ca2 region hippocampal. Medical search. Frequent questions

These findings support a role for CA2 in low-gamma generation and ripple modulation within the hippocampus and underscore the importance of CA2 in extrahippocampal oscillations. (nih.gov)
Most anatomists use the term "hippocampus proper" to refer to the four CA fields, and hippocampal formation to refer to the hippocampus proper plus dentate gyrus and subiculum. (wikipedia.org)
2016), and CA2 activity controls population oscillatory activity in the slow γ and ripple ranges within hippocampus (Kay et al. (nih.gov)
NFT and SP were defined by a neuropathologist assessing grid regions of complete brain samples on Bielschowsky-stained slides of frontal cortex (SP) and hippocampus (NFT) in each case. (medscape.com)
A new study reports social memory deficits in schizophrenia may be a result of a decreased number of inhibitory neurons in the CA2 region of the hippocampus. (neurosciencenews.com)
The pyramidal cell layer (stratum pyramidale) of the HIPPOCAMPUS CA2 FIELD. (bvsalud.org)
We assessed the volumes of the whole hippocampus and seven subfields and deformation of the hippocampal shape. (cureepilepsy.org)
The focal epilepsy group had smaller volumes of both the right and left hippocampal tails than the control group, but there were no significant group differences for the volumes of the whole hippocampus or other hippocampal subfields. (cureepilepsy.org)
Hippocampal shape analyses revealed that atrophy of the superior-lateral, superior-central, and inferior-medial regions of the left hippocampus, corresponding to CA1 and CA2/3, was associated with the verbal retention rate. (cureepilepsy.org)
The video presents the most detailed 3D atlas of the hippocampus ever produced, highlighting its five previously defined zones: dentate gyrus, CA1, CA2, CA3, and subiculum. (nih.gov)
This image shows distinct neural connections in a cross section of a mouse's hippocampus, a region of the brain involved in the memory of facts and events. (nih.gov)
The result showed that the functional connectivity between EC layer II and hippocampus parcellated the hippocampus into proximal and distal regions along perforant pathway. (auburn.edu)
In the third study, we employed selected clustering methods on functional connectivity between the hippocampus and different layers of the dorsal attention network and the default mode network to investigate HERNET (hippocampal encoding/retrieval and network) model, which proposed an encoding/retrieval dichotomy with the anterior hippocampus more connected to the dorsal attention network during memory encoding, and the posterior portions more connected to the default mode network during retrieval. (auburn.edu)
In this fascinating image, you're seeing two stored memories, which scientists call engrams, in the hippocampus region of a mouse's brain. (nih.gov)
Here, we describe Foxp1 conditional knock-out ( Foxp1 cKO ) male and female mice with loss of Foxp1 in the pyramidal neurons of the neocortex and the CA1/CA2 subfields of the hippocampus. (jneurosci.org)
Furthermore, using magnetic resonance imaging, we uncovered a significant reduction in the volumes of both the entire hippocampus as well as individual hippocampal subfields of Foxp1 cKO mice. (jneurosci.org)
2021. SorCS is highly expressed in the CA2 region of the hippocampus and is enriched in the postsynaptic region. . (cornell.edu)
Compared to cases with only AD-type pathology we found that the presence of additional vascular disease augmented the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau in the CA1 region of the hippocampus without affecting PHF formation in cases with mild AD changes and reduced the extent of PHF formation in the CA2/3 and CA4 regions of the hippocampus in cases with severe AD pathology. (ox.ac.uk)
In the hippocampus, the classical pyramidal cell type of the subiculum acts as a primary output, conveying hippocampal signals to a diverse suite of downstream regions. (elifesciences.org)
The hippocampus of the mammalian brain provides a comprehensively studied brain region to identify such cell-type-specific elaborations and relate them to function. (elifesciences.org)
The oxytocin receptors are widely distributed in the hippocampus, and several electrophysiological studies have been performed on rodents to identify the oxytocinergic hippocampal circuits and to understand the modulatory mechanisms exerted by the neuropeptide in this area. (unipv.it)
The molecular layer is continuous with the HIPPOCAMPUS in the hippocampal fissure. (nih.gov)

Hippocampal oscillations arise from coordinated activity among distinct populations of neurons and are associated with cognitive functions. (nih.gov)
Functionally implicated in social memory and aggression, neurons in CA2 prominently express the oxytocin receptor (OXTR). (nyu.edu)
Further, interplay between CA2 pyramidal cells and inhibitory neurons combines with cell-autonomous mechanisms to yield the burst-pause-burst pattern in its full glory. (nyu.edu)
Read the paper " Oxytocin transforms firing mode of CA2 hippocampal neurons " in Neuron , published October 4, 2018. (nyu.edu)

We examined the contribution of hippocampal subfields and their morphology to long-term memory performance in patients with focal epilepsy. (cureepilepsy.org)
Neuronal cell loss in specific hippocampal subfields could be a key underlying cause of accelerated long-term forgetting in patients with epilepsy. (cureepilepsy.org)
This parcellation was based on our observation of stronger connectivity between layer II of EC with hippocampal subfields such as DG/CA4/CA3/CA2 which are proximal to the EC along the perforant pathway, compared to subfields such as CA1/Subiculum which are distal. (auburn.edu)

Next come a series of Cornu Ammonis areas: first CA4 (which underlies the dentate gyrus), then CA3, then a very small zone called CA2, then CA1. (wikipedia.org)
Perforant path input from EC layer II enters the dentate gyrus and is relayed to region CA3 (and to mossy cells, located in the hilus of the dentate gyrus, which then send information to distant portions of the dentate gyrus where the cycle is repeated). (wikipedia.org)
The four major portions of the hippocampal formation (cornu Ammonis, dentate gyrus, subicular complex, and entorhinal cortex) were readily observed, contained the same internal subdivisions, and maintained the topological relationships of these subdivisions that could be considered typically mammalian. (smu.ac.za)
We also found that synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the CA4 and dentate gyrus in pure AD was inversely related to the extent of amyloid accumulation but not to neurofibrillary pathology in the same regions. (ox.ac.uk)
Outcomes Neuronal denseness Significant reductions in neuronal denseness were within locations CA1, CA2, CA3, dentate hilus and dentate gyrus granule cellular level (SGDG) of HS tissues in comparison with post-mortem handles (Body 1). (informationalwebs.com)
A subsection of the hippocampal formation, described by Lorente de No, that composes the hilus of the DENTATE GYRUS . (nih.gov)

A key goal in hippocampal research is to understand how neuronal activity is generated and organized across hippocampal subregions to enable memory formation and retrieval. (nih.gov)
Hippocampal staining analyses included studies of subregions within the hippocampal formation and nearby white matter. (biomedcentral.com)
Others were "turned on" only in discrete portions of known hippocampal domains, leading the researchers to define 20 distinct subregions that hadn't been recognized before. (nih.gov)
Receptor autoradiography Autoradiography was completed essentially as defined by Bowery with are quoted as a variety where hippocampal subregions had been lacking from some resected tissues samples. (informationalwebs.com)
Data are … Debate The present research shows a lack of GABAB receptor binding in every hippocampal subregions analyzed aside from the subiculcum. (informationalwebs.com)

Hippocampome.org is a mature open-access knowledge base of the rodent hippocampal formation focusing on neuron types and their properties. (biorxiv.org)
2021. Sex differences in the rodent hippocampal opioid system following stress and oxycodone associated learning processes. . (cornell.edu)

We used excitatory and inhibitory DREADDs to manipulate CA2 neuronal activity and studied resulting hippocampal-prefrontal cortical network oscillations. (nih.gov)
Using two recently developed tools, the first OXTR antibody and a novel transgenic mouse line that targets gene expression to cells that express the OXTR, we demonstrated that both excitatory and inhibitory cells in CA2 express the receptor. (nyu.edu)

Hippocampal synaptic plasticity is modulated by neuropeptides, the disruption of which might contribute to cognitive deficits observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). (moam.info)
These similarities and variations are important to understanding to what extent phylogenetic affinities and constraints affect potential adaptive evolutionary plasticity of the hippocampal formation. (smu.ac.za)
In particular, Foxp1 regulation of gene expression appears to be crucial for normal hippocampal development, CA1 plasticity, and spatial learning. (jneurosci.org)

Neuronal activity in CA2 is regulated by spatial and social investigation as well as by novelty (Mankin et al. (nih.gov)

Much progress has been made toward identifying the contribution of specific neuronal populations in hippocampal oscillations, but less is known about the role of hippocampal area CA2, which is thought to support social memory. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, the little evidence on the role of CA2 in oscillations has yielded conflicting conclusions. (nih.gov)
Therefore, we sought to identify the contribution of CA2 to oscillations using a controlled experimental system. (nih.gov)
We found that modification of CA2 activity bidirectionally regulated hippocampal and prefrontal cortical low-gamma oscillations and inversely modulated hippocampal ripple oscillations in mice. (nih.gov)

The µ-opioid receptor (MOR), also known as OPRM1, is highly expressed in several brain regions and the most targeted opioid receptor for pain management. (nih.gov)
2020. Oxycodone injections not paired with conditioned place preference have little effect on the hippocampal opioid system in female and male rats. . (cornell.edu)
2020. Sex and chronic stress alter delta opioid receptor distribution within rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells following behavioral challenges. . (cornell.edu)
2021. Acute Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol administration differentially alters the hippocampal opioid system in adult female and male rats. . (cornell.edu)
2018. Sex differences in the rat hippocampal opioid system after oxycodone conditioned place preference. . (cornell.edu)

Region CA3 combines this input with signals from EC layer II and sends extensive connections within the region and also sends connections to strata radiatum and oriens of ipsilateral and contralateral CA1 regions through a set of fibers called the Schaffer collaterals, and commissural pathway, respectively. (wikipedia.org)

Our ongoing and future work continues to put CA2 activation in a circuit context, considering hippocampal and extrahippocampal output regions. (nyu.edu)

Using two impartial image processing pipelines and the adult mouse reference atlas, we report the first cellular-level soma segmentation in every AZD8797 sub-region and non-principal layer of the left hippocampal formation through the full rostral-caudal extent. (roma2024.com)
Employing cyto-, myelo-, and chemoarchitectural staining techniques, we analyzed the structure of the hippocampal formation in the banded mongoose and domestic ferret, species belonging to the two carnivoran superfamilies, which have had independent evolutionary trajectories for the past 55 million years. (smu.ac.za)
These differences may contribute to an overall variation in the functionality of the hippocampal formation between the species, and in comparison to other mammalian species. (smu.ac.za)
I would like to share these articles (from work at King's College London - where I'll be based this September onwards), which just came to my attention only recently as I was working on computational simulations of the hippocampal formation and related areas, and the functional connectome of these hippocampal neural networks. (humanbrainproject.eu)
The distribution of GABAB receptors in the human hippocampal formation confirms previous autoradiographic findings with [3H]-GABA (Chu et al . (informationalwebs.com)

Suppression of hippocampal MC4R activation mediates long-term potentiation impairment in the model, whereas stimulation of the circuit restores synaptic functions. (moam.info)

This result is somewhat surprising given that in a neighboring hippocampal subregion (CA1) and in the cortex OXTR expression is restricted to interneurons. (nyu.edu)

However, an increase in GABAB receptor population was seen in the subiculum, though cell counts were not taken in this region. (informationalwebs.com)
This implies an increase in GABAB receptors possibly at both pre- and/or postsynaptic locations, in the subiculum in the present study, provided that tissue shrinkage is limited in this region. (informationalwebs.com)

The neural substrates of social cognition have been intensely studied for decades, with a spate of recent work focusing on the hippocampal subregion CA2. (nyu.edu)

To interpret the complexity of the brain, neuroscience has sought to deconstruct brain regions and circuits into elemental and interpretable cell types ( Zeng and Sanes, 2017 ). (elifesciences.org)

Since deletion of Pten is embryonically lethal, mice with brain-region-specific Pten knockout or Pten haploinsufficiency have been investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
2022. Angiotensin II differentially affects hippocampal glial inflammatory markers in young adult male and female mice. . (cornell.edu)
Inflammation-induced increases in hypothalamic histamine were co-measured with decreased in vivo extracellular hippocampal serotonin in mice that underwent a chronic stress paradigm, regardless of behavioral phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrate that heterozygous hAPP-J20 mice have reduced Zbtb20 expression in some AD-relevant brain regions, but not others, and that Zbtb20 levels are higher in hAPP-J20 mice than heterozygous Zbtb20 knock-out ( Zbtb20 +/- ) mice. (eneuro.org)

The temporal lobe is the most epileptogenic region of the brain. (medscape.com)
250 Hz recorded in epileptogenic hippocampal regions. (hippo-circuitlab.es)

2022. Sex and chronic stress alter the distribution of glutamate receptors within rat hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cells following oxycodone conditioned place preference. . (cornell.edu)

We next considered the intracellular consequence of OXTR stimulation using whole-cell electrophysiological recordings in acute hippocampal slices. (nyu.edu)
Pharmacological stimulation of the OXTR caused depolarization in CA2 pyramidal cells that was often accompanied by dramatic bursts of action potentials. (nyu.edu)

Further, important substantiating evidence of brain tissue injury is represented by the edematous vacuolar change of the subjacent neuropil and the presence of necrotic condensed (pyknotic) nuclei of glial cells (arrowhead) within that region. (nih.gov)

Significance: Our results suggest that atrophy of the hippocampal CA1 region and its associated structures disrupts long-term memory consolidation in focal epilepsy. (cureepilepsy.org)

Despite the extensive characterization of AD microglia, there are still many unanswered questions, and little is known about microglial morphology in other common forms of age-related dementia: particularly, dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and hippocampal sclerosis of aging (HS-Aging). (biomedcentral.com)

In conclusion: it is apparent that fluoxetine impedes temporal cognition in goldfish, even when compensating for hypercortisolemia, and that allopregnanolone is capable of ameliorating the cognitive deficits imposed by chronic stress on the hippocampal homologue in goldfish. (ufl.edu)

Most studies have found significant reductions in hippocampal volumes, predominantly ipsilateral to the seizure focus, although relation to disease duration and seizure severity remains controversial. (statpathway.com)

Region CA1 receives input from the CA3 subfield, EC layer III and the nucleus reuniens of the thalamus (which project only to the terminal apical dendritic tufts in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare). (wikipedia.org)

The contributions of the hippocampal volumes and shape deformation to long-term forgetting, controlling for confounding factors, including the presence of interictal epileptiform discharges, were assessed by multiple regression analyses. (cureepilepsy.org)
In TLE, hippocampal involvement has been considerably investigated by various methods of MRI volumetric analyses, both manual and automatic. (statpathway.com)

We next investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying burst firing in CA2 pyramidal cells. (nyu.edu)

NIMH's basic neuroscience investment in complex social and affective behaviors has a strong foundation in several areas, including classical and operant conditioning, face-processing, emotion regulation, and the function of single brain regions in responses to unimodal stimuli. (nih.gov)

The gene is highly expressed in the brain region called the hippocampal area CA2, and appears to play significant roles in CA2 development. (nih.gov)

The large, crescent-shaped area in green is hippocampal zone CA1. (nih.gov)

Our study addresses how oxytocin signaling in CA2 begets behavior by first considering the cellular consequences of oxytocin signaling. (nyu.edu)
CA2 had already been reported to be linked to social behavior, by us and others," she said. (nih.gov)
Those fish treated with anxiolytics and cortisol presented a similar pattern, but with only allopregnanolone+cortisol demonstrating hippocampal-dependent avoidance behavior on par with the control group by the end of the experiment. (ufl.edu)

In addition, adult hippocampal neurogenesis was observed in both species, occurring at a rate similar to that observed in other mammals. (smu.ac.za)

In this study we analyse the hippocampal expression patterns of hyperphosphorylated tau, paired helical filament (PHF)-related protein, beta-amyloid and synaptophysin in a group of Alzheimer's disease (AD) sufferers with and without additional pathology. (ox.ac.uk)

1] Integration of gene expression and brain-wide connectivity reveals the multiscale organization of mouse hippocampal networks . (nih.gov)

To begin, we investigated which hippocampal cell-types express the OXTR. (nyu.edu)
developments now offer the potentially paradigm-shifting alternative of comprehensive cell-by-cell analysis in an entire brain region. (roma2024.com)
2023. Single-cell long-read mRNA isoform regulation is pervasive across mammalian brain regions, cell types, and development. . (cornell.edu)
ECS's place in MDD is not sufficiently explored in full extent in academic circles but powerful indications show it might play a vital role in foreseeable future such as putting a unifying theory as ECS is interconnected with almost all cell communications in body and brain and MDD related regions. (heraldopenaccess.us)

The reduces in Bmax noticed were mirrored by the loss of neurones in these regions. (informationalwebs.com)

Specifically in CA2, oxytocin signaling is required for social memory. (nyu.edu)

Recent work has begun to reveal an important role for FoxP1 in brain development, but the brain-region-specific contributions of Foxp1 to autism and intellectual disability phenotypes have yet to be determined fully. (jneurosci.org)
Understanding the potential brain-region-specific contributions of FOXP1 to disease-relevant phenotypes could be a critical first step in the management of patients with these mutations. (jneurosci.org)

Additional phenotypic characterization is recommended for brain region and experimental paradigm of interest. (nih.gov)

This protein serves as a kind of molecular glue that likely imparts specific functional properties to this region. (nih.gov)

The idea of a critical period in hippocampal postnatal development characterized by hyperexcitability was a major research line in the 90s. (hippo-circuitlab.es)
I'll share more in the future as I carry out more research in Hippocampal Computational Models at KCL. (humanbrainproject.eu)

Anatomy35

Organisms11

Chemicals and Drugs154

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes39

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Hippocampus22

Neurons4

Subfields3

Dentate6

Subregions5

Rodent hippocampal2

Excitatory and inhibitory2

Plasticity3

Neuronal activity1

Oscillations4

Opioid5

Radiatum1

Extrahippocampal1

Formation5

Mediates1

Interneurons1

Subiculum2

Subregion1

Circuits1

Mice4

Epileptogenic2

Receptors1

Stimulation2

Glial1

Atrophy1

Sclerosis1

Chronic stress1

Ipsilateral1

Subfield1

Analyses2

Mechanisms1

Neuroscience1

Roles1

Area1

Behavior3

Adult1

Patterns1

Organization1

Cell4

Reduces1

Social memory1

Contributions2

Paradigm1

Functional1

Research2