• Brucella suis is a bacterium that causes swine brucellosis, a zoonosis that affects pigs. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Brucella abortus (rough LPS Brucella) vaccine, developed for bovine brucellosis and licensed by the USDA Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, has shown protection for some swine and is also effective against B. suis infection, but there is currently no approved vaccine for swine brucellosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human brucellosis is a zoonoses caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella . (cdc.gov)
  • Brucellosis is caused by gram-negative, facultative intracellular bacteria of the Brucella genus that can infect many organs and soft tissues. (cdc.gov)
  • Interest in brucellosis has been increasing because of the growing phenomena of international tourism and migration, in addition to the potential use of Brucella as a biological weapon. (medscape.com)
  • Bacteria of the genus Brucella are the causative agents of brucellosis, a worldwide zoonosis that affects a broad range of mammals, including livestock and humans. (mgc.ac.cn)
  • None of the exposed persons reported having previously had brucellosis or being unintentionally inoculated with Brucella vaccine. (cdc.gov)
  • Editorial Note: Brucellosis, also known as 'undulant fever' or 'Bangs disease,' is a systemic infection caused by Brucella sp. (cdc.gov)
  • Brucellosis is a worldwide disease of humans and livestock that is caused by a number of very closely related classical Brucella species in the alpha-2 subdivision of the Proteobacteria. (nih.gov)
  • Brucellosis is a worldwide extended disease caused by gram-negative bacteria of the genus Brucella that has a severe impact on animal and human health [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Brucellosis is a common zoonotic disease caused by intracellular pathogens of the genus Brucella . (frontiersin.org)
  • Brucella abortus is a Gram-negative, [alpha]-proteobacterium that causes bovine brucellosis, a prevalent zoonotic disease in many areas of the world. (ecu.edu)
  • Using Brucella abortus Strain 19 (S19) to control bovine brucellosis is restricted due to induce antibodies to the O-side chain of the smooth lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which may be difficult to differentiate vaccinated and infected animals. (ijbiotech.com)
  • The pathology of brucellosis reflects the outcome of the battle between the host genome and the Brucella genome. (ijbiotech.com)
  • Current serologic diagnostic tests reliable for known Brucella species are unreliable in detecting dolphin brucellosis. (tamu.edu)
  • Brucella suis is a Gram-negative, facultative, intracellular coccobacillus, capable of growing and reproducing inside of host cells, specifically phagocytic cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Brucella suis is differentiated into five biovars (strains), where biovars 1-3 infect wild boar and domestic pigs, and biovars 1 and 3 may cause severe diseases in humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • Summary: Brucella suis encounters a macrophage, but no oxidative burst occurs. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2002. The Brucella suis genome reveals fundamental similarities between animal and plant pathogens and symbionts. (mgc.ac.cn)
  • The acidic pH is actually essential for replication of the bacteria by inducing major virulence genes of the virB operon and the synthesis of DnaK chaperones. (wikipedia.org)
  • The phagosome rapidly acidifies, creating a stressful environment for bacteria, which triggers activation of virulence genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2008. Genome sequence of Brucella abortus vaccine strain S19 compared to virulent strains yields candidate virulence genes. (mgc.ac.cn)
  • The wbkA gene, which is one of the LPS O-chain coding genes, was knocked out in vaccinal Brucella abortus S19. (ijbiotech.com)
  • 5. Zygmunt MS, Blasco JM, Letesson JJ, Cloeckaert A, Moriyon I. DNA polymorphism analysis of Brucella lipopolysaccharide genes reveals marked differences in O-polysaccharide biosynthetic genes between smooth and rough Brucella species and novel species-specific markers. (ijbiotech.com)
  • can regulate the expression of virulence genes and repress its own gene expression. (cnr.it)
  • This work underscores the importance of the acquisition of horizontally transferred genes in the evolution of Y. pestis and points to virulence determinants that have been gained and lost on multiple occasions in the history of the genus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A total of four Brucella genes were previously cloned in E. coli and their recombinant products expressed and purified by established molecular procedures. (uwyo.edu)
  • Assembly and annotation of pathogen genomes and transcriptomes using the latest cutting-edge technology provide a rich reservoir for discovery of essential genes, virulence factors and pathways conferring pathogenic capacity. (codongenomics.com)
  • St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists discovered how the current epizootic H5N1 avian influenza virus (bird flu) gained new genes and greater virulence as it spread west. (news-medical.net)
  • Brucella abortus and Pregnancy in Mice: Impact of Chronic Infection on Fertility and the Role of Regulatory T Cells in Tissue Colonization. (harvard.edu)
  • B Lymphocytes provide an infection niche for intracellular bacterium Brucella abortus. (harvard.edu)
  • On May 26-27, 1997, nine persons (a farmer, four veterinary clinicians, and four veterinary students) in Manhattan, Kansas, participated in an attempted vaginal delivery, a cesarean delivery, and a necropsy on a stillborn calf that died because of Brucella abortus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Using experimental intranasal infection of BALB/c mice, we compared the virulence and immunogenicity of porcine and clinical human isolates with shared genotype or with a genotype only found in humans or pigs. (unamur.be)
  • The objective of this study was to isolate a Brucella lon mutant and to analyze the cytokine response of B. lon mutant during macrophage infection. (ophrp.org)
  • From the mouse macrophage J774.A1 cells, total RNA was isolated at 0 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours after infection with Brucella . (ophrp.org)
  • Therefore, in addition to host and environmental factors, differences in the incidence of gastric cancer irrespective of H. pylori infection rate can be explained by differences in virulence factors [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Brucella-induced abortions and infection in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). (tamu.edu)
  • Two bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) aborted fetuses that died as a result of Brucella infection. (tamu.edu)
  • Furthermore, these antigens may have utility in a test that can differentiate infection by pathogenic Brucella species specific to a target host. (uwyo.edu)
  • Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine provides a comprehensive review of the biology of these pathogens, their virulence mechanisms, and the host's response to infection. (cshlpress.com)
  • Characterization of the 2 bacterial isolates revealed that they represent a potential new species of Brucella . (cdc.gov)
  • Recently described Brucella species include B. ceti (cetaceans), B. pinnipedialis (pinnipeds), B. inopinata (humans), B. microti (voles), B. papionis (baboons), and B. vulpis (foxes). (cdc.gov)
  • However, Brucella species can be clearly separated from each other by highly discriminating molecular techniques, such as multiplex PCR, multilocus sequencing typing, or multiple loci variable-number tandem repeat analysis. (cdc.gov)
  • Two new brucella species, provisionally called B. pinnipediae and B. cetaceae , have been isolated from marine hosts within the past few years. (mgc.ac.cn)
  • 2011. Interactions of the human pathogenic Brucella species with their hosts. (mgc.ac.cn)
  • A species of the genus BRUCELLA whose natural hosts are cattle and other bovidae. (harvard.edu)
  • First, there may be direct contact with infected animals - and the host is different for each Brucella species. (osmosis.org)
  • It is caused by various species of the bacterial genus Brucella , which mainly infect domestic animals, especially goats, sheep, and cows, and use them as natural reservoirs. (frontiersin.org)
  • This is important for highly pathogenic bacteria such as Bacillus anthracis, Brucella species, and Francisella tularensis. (rki.de)
  • Moreover, the sets of genetic markers for virulence, were almost identical for the respective species. (rki.de)
  • The long reads of ONT allowed to assemble not only chromosomes of all species to near closure, but also virulence plasmids of Ba. (rki.de)
  • A commercial biotyping system (Taxa Profile™, Merlin Diagnostika) testing the metabolization of various substrates by bacteria was used to determine if a set of phenotypic features will allow the identification of members of the genus Brucella and their differentiation into species and biovars. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Brucella species and biovars revealed characteristic metabolic profiles and each strain showed an individual pattern. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Due to their typical metabolic profiles a differentiation of Brucella isolates to the species level could be achieved. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The biotyping system developed for the identification of Brucella and differentiation of its species and biovars may replace or at least complement time-consuming tube testing especially in case of atypical strains. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Species and biovar classification of brucellae is historically based on natural host preference and phenotypic traits, i.e. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A biotyping assay useful for Brucella identification and species differentiation must consequently be able to identify the rising number of upcoming new species as well as single atypical strains which do not fit within the pre-existing scheme [ 10 , 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of our study was to develop a miniaturised semi-automated system for the reliable identification of members of the genus Brucella and the differentiation of its species based on comprehensive metabolic activity testing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Infected placenta and vaginal/uterine fluids may transmit Brucella species to other cetaceans. (tamu.edu)
  • Further studies on the zoonotic aspects, distribution, prevalence, virulence, and impact of this disease in cetaceans and other marine mammal species are needed. (tamu.edu)
  • However, there were no genomic data on the Yersinia species with more limited virulence potential, frequently found in soil and water environments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • All three human pathogens carry a 70-kb pYV virulence plasmid (also known as pCD), which carries the Ysc type III secretion system and Yops effectors [ 18 - 20 ], that is not detected in non-pathogenic species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In endemic areas, Brucella species can be a cause of monoarticular arthritis. (medscape.com)
  • The complete genomic sequence of B. abortus provides an important resource for further investigations into determinants of the pathogenicity and virulence phenotypes of these bacteria. (nih.gov)
  • Now, Brucella it's a non-motile bacteria that doesn't form spores. (osmosis.org)
  • Now, Brucella is a very slow growing bacteria, so colonies usually grow in the solid medium after 6 to 8 weeks of incubation. (osmosis.org)
  • Based on specific and stable reactions a 96-well " Brucella identification and typing" plate (Micronaut™) was designed and re-tested in 113 Brucella isolates and a couple of closely related bacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Altogether, these results illustrate the immunomodulatory properties of Brucella LPS and the enhanced DC activation ability of the wadC mutation with potential for vaccine development targeting Brucella core LPS structure. (unav.edu)
  • Complementation of Brucella abortus RB51 with a functional wboA gene results in O-antigen synthesis and enhanced vaccine efficacy but no change in rough phenotype and attenuation. (ijbiotech.com)
  • Efficacy of Brucella abortus vaccine strain RB51 compared to the reference vaccine Brucella abortus strain 19 in water buffalo. (ijbiotech.com)
  • Silencing the 100-day Cough: Using AMD technologies to understand changes in virulence of Bordetella pertussis and find effective vaccine components and diagnostic markers (web page) OAMD, Mar 1, 2017. (cdc.gov)
  • Brucella cell membrane proteins are being exploited for vaccine development. (cvascpantnagar.com)
  • The past decade, however, has seen a rapid expansion of both known members of the Brucella genus and the variety of associated animal hosts, which now range from mammals to amphibians and fish ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The comprehensive testing of metabolic activity allows cluster analysis within the genus Brucella . (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2005. Whole-genome analyses of speciation events in pathogenic Brucellae . (mgc.ac.cn)
  • The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major virulence factor of Brucella, a facultative intracellular pathogenic Gram-negative bacterium. (unav.edu)
  • Methods for determining sero-reactivity of these potential diagnostic targets consisted of SDS-PAGE, electroblotting, and immunolabelling with anti-sera from goats, sheep, cattle, and elk infected with either of the three pathogenic Brucella spp. (uwyo.edu)
  • Virulence and immunogenicity of genetically defined human and porcine isolates of M. avium subsp. (unamur.be)
  • Isolates varied in virulence, with human and porcine isolates sharing MST22 genotype showing a thousand fold higher bacterial replication in lungs and more dissemination to spleen and liver than the human and porcine MST91 isolates. (unamur.be)
  • Mah 104 and Mah TH135, identified in the two MST22 isolates nine specific virulence factors of the mammalian cell entry family, that were identical with Mah 104 strain. (unamur.be)
  • The ability to identify gene markers associated with virulence, antimicrobial resistance, and other properties relevant to the identification, risk profiling, and typing of foodborne bacterial isolates will play a critical role in informing regulatory decisions and tracing sources of food contamination. (intechopen.com)
  • Microbiology, specific polymerase chain reaction, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis results supported the designation of an additional genomic group(s), Brucella delphini, for isolates adapted to T. truncatus. (tamu.edu)
  • Additionally, Brucella is highly infectious through the aerosol route, thus is considered as one of the most common laboratory-acquired pathogens and is also classified as a category B agent on the biodefense list ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The gene designated BAB1_1460 in the Brucella abortus 2308 genome sequence is predicted to encode the manganese transporter MntH. (ecu.edu)
  • Brucellae are aerobic gram-negative coccobacilli that possess a unique ability to invade both phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells and to survive in the intracellular environment by finding ways to avoid the immune system. (medscape.com)
  • Brucella is a gram-negative coccobacilli that can infect humans and animals. (osmosis.org)
  • First, the bacterium does not bear classic virulence factors, such as capsules, secreted proteases, exotoxins, endotoxins, pili and/or fimbriae or virulence plasmids, and its lipopolysaccharide pathogenicity is not typical. (mgc.ac.cn)
  • Brucella abortus depends on pyruvate phosphate dikinase and malic enzyme but not on Fbp and GlpX fructose-1,6-bisphosphatases for full virulence in laboratory models. (harvard.edu)
  • Gene regulatory network inference and gene module regulating virulence in Fusarium oxysporum. (openwetware.org)
  • In contrast, modified LPS with a defective core purified from Brucella carrying a mutated wadC gene (BmwadC), efficiently potentiated mouse and human DC activation and T cell proliferation in vitro. (unav.edu)
  • In this study, we provide the first evidence that MucR from Brucella abortus binds more than one target site in the promoter region of its own gene, suggesting a molecular mechanism by which this protein represses its own expression. (cnr.it)
  • Common changes in gene expression were observed among Brucella app. (refine.bio)
  • Although antibiotics and vaccines control their prevalence to some extent, the emergence of new virulence mechanisms and new forms of resistance to antibacterial agents makes research in this field critical to understanding and controlling infectious diseases. (cshlpress.com)
  • These technology is ship a virulence-associated number achieving all the urgent community prevalence data. (ligaya-technologies.com)
  • Brucella infects macrophages and evades clearance mechanisms, thus resulting in chronic parasitism. (frontiersin.org)
  • RNA sequencing was performed in primary human macrophages (Mφ) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) infected with a clinical strain of Brucella spp. (frontiersin.org)
  • In host J774.A1 macrophages, mRNA levels of T helper 1 (Th1)-type cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and IL-3, were significantly higher in the lon mutant compared to wild-type Brucella and the negative control. (ophrp.org)
  • Genomic Analyses of Cladophialophora bantiana , a Major Cause of Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis Provides Insight into Its Lifestyle, Virulence and Adaption in Host. (codongenomics.com)
  • Brucella a bortu s ornithine lipids are dispensable outer membrane components devoid of a marked pathogen-associated molecular pattern. (bio-protocol.org)
  • As a result, our understanding of the population biology of these clades remains biased, limiting our knowledge of the evolution of virulence and our ability to design reliable assays that distinguish pathogen signatures from the background in the clinic and environment [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Altering the antigenic structure of S Brucella has been the preferred strategy to develop vaccines that circumvent the interference in S serological tests. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using commercially available rapid bacterial identification systems such as the API 20 NE ® (BioMerieux, Nürtingen, Germany) which include a restricted number of biochemical tests Brucella spp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Brucella LPS exhibits a low toxicity and its atypical structure was postulated to delay the host immune response, favouring the establishment of chronic disease. (unav.edu)
  • vacA, the second major H. pylori virulence factor, produces variations in the vacuolating activity of H. pylori strains. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Its virulence depends on survival and replication properites in different cell types in which brucella controls the maturation of its vacuole to avoid innate immune responses and to reach its replicative niche associated with the endoplasmic reticulum. (mgc.ac.cn)
  • On the bright side, there are now some modern automated blood culture systems called the Bactec systems, which are more effective and can isolate Brucella after only 1 week. (osmosis.org)
  • Brucella organisms, which are small aerobic intracellular coccobacilli, localize in the reproductive organs of host animals, causing abortions and sterility. (medscape.com)
  • We compared the immune response it generates to the wild-type Brucella response in a mouse macrophage cell line. (ophrp.org)