Caused by Trypanosoma brucei gaTrypanosoma BruceiSubspeciesParasitesParasiteSleeping sicknessVariant Surface GlycoproteinEscherichiaLeishmaniaGambienseSalmonellaTrypanosomesTrypanosomeCruziMicromolar rangeIC50DatasetFalciparumContigsCandidaHumansAntigenicMolecularVibrioSpeciesGenesCOLIInfectionGenome SequenceCrucialVitroVariesFormsCellsTypeCompoundsHighStructureGive
Caused by Trypanosoma brucei ga3
- Treatment of PCP caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii Prevention of PCP in adults with HIV who have one or both of the following: History of PCP CD4+ count ≤ 200mm³ Treatment of leishmaniasis Treatment of African trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Balamuthia infections Pentamidine is classified as an orphan drug by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Use as an antitumor drug has also been proposed. (wikipedia.org)
- The Western and Central African form of Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as sleeping sickness, is a vector-borne disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and transmitted by tsetse flies. (howest.be)
- Human African trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense is endemic in 24 countries. (who.int)
Trypanosoma Brucei21
- Trypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of African sleeping sickness in humans and one of the causes of nagana in cattle. (nih.gov)
- Trypanosoma brucei is a parasitic protozoan of the order Kinetoplastida. (gla.ac.uk)
- Detailed characterization of pyrimidine transport activities in bloodstream form Trypanosoma brucei brucei found that these cells express a high-affinity uracil transporter (designated TbU3) that is clearly distinct from the procyclic pyrimidine transporters. (aspetjournals.org)
- Bis(2-aminoimidazolines) (1) and bis(2-aminobenzimidazoles) (2) showed micromolar range activity against Trypanosoma brucei, whereas bisarylimidamides (3) were submicromolar inhibitors of T. brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania donovani. (bvsalud.org)
- Trypanosoma brucei EATRO1125 draft genome assembly (Contigs) [Dataset]. (unibe.ch)
- In: Trypanosoma brucei (EATRO1125) genome contigs. (unibe.ch)
- We propose that Trypanosoma brucei , a severe human pathogen, during its development in the tsetse fly midgut faces the same conditions and follows the same strategy as Vickermania by employing an analogous adaptation, the flagellar connector. (biomedcentral.com)
- Abstract Background African trypanosomes (including Trypanosoma brucei) are unicellular parasites which multiply in the mammalian bloodstream. (ox.ac.uk)
- Results Here we describe the isolation of repertoires of BES containing telomeres from three trypanosome subspecies: Trypanosoma brucei gambiense DAL 972 (causative agent of West-African trypanosomiasis), T. b. brucei EATRO 2340 (a nonhuman infective strain) and T. equiperdum STIB 818 (which causes a sexually transmitted disease in equines). (ox.ac.uk)
- Wild type Trypanosoma brucei cells (Strain 427) were high pressure frozen and visualized through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). (ucsd.edu)
- DNA of 38 Trypanosoma brucei strains, from 13 different countries and isolated from man and animals between 1961 and 2009, was extracted by the phenol-chloroform method and sequenced by the DNA nanoball sequencing technology (DNBSEQTM, BGI, China). (howest.be)
- Here we investigated whether genetic recombination between subspecies of the protozoan parasite, Trypanosoma brucei, from humans and animals can generate new strains of human. (bris.ac.uk)
- Inositol was successfully biosynthesized after introducing two crucial enzymes: inositol-3-phosphate synthase (IPS) from Trypanosoma brucei , and inositol monophosphatase (IMP) from E. coli . (biomedcentral.com)
- Here we will apply the knowledge and skills we have gained from our studies of Trypanosoma brucei, which is responsible for human trypanosomiasis, to investigate sexual reproduction in T. congolense, a related livestock pathogen. (ukri.org)
- Here we will apply the knowledge and skills gained from our studies of the model organism Trypanosoma brucei to investigate sexual reproduction in T. congolense, a related livestock pathogen of major economic importance to African agriculture. (ukri.org)
- Following a switch from variant surface glycoprotein MITat1.4 to variant surface glycoprotein MITat1.8 expression by Lister strain 427 Trypanosoma brucei brucei parasites, the latter uncharacterized variant surface glycoprotein was analysed. (analyteguru.com)
- No / A series of 19 huprines has been evaluated for their activity against cultured bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei and Plasmodium falciparum. (ndltd.org)
- We have determined the X-ray structures of CYP51s from three protozoan parasites, Trypanosoma brucei (sleeping sickness) [3g1q, 3g9o, ] Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease) and Leishmania infantum (visceral leishmaniasis), in the ligand-free state and complexed with different ligands including clinical antifungal and experimental azoles, non-azole inhibitors and a substrate analog. (vanderbilt.edu)
- A series of 44 4-aminopiperidine derivatives was screened in vitro against four protozoan parasites (Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani, and Plasmodium falciparum). (unibas.ch)
- A new, expressed multigene family containing a hot spot for insertion of retroelements is associated with polymorphic subtelomeric regions of Trypanosoma brucei. (umd.edu)
- This mechanism of transmission contrasts with that of the two subspecies of African trypanosomes that cause human disease, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense , which are transmitted via the saliva of their vectors, and with the mechanism by which a nonpathogenic trypanosome found in the Americas, Trypanosoma rangeli , is transmitted to its mammalian hosts. (medscape.com)
Subspecies2
- Fexinidazole shows trypanocidal activity against T. brucei subspecies and strains with IC 50 s of 0.7-3.3 μM (0.2-0.9 μg/ml). (medchemexpress.com)
- Phylogenetic network analyses using a total of 315.989 genome-wide SNPs and 194 SNPs within the mitochondrial maxicircle revealed the presence of four clusters that corresponded to the four known T. brucei subspecies: T.b. brucei (n=7), T.b. gambiense (n=18), T.b. gambiense type II (n=3) and T.b. rhodesiense (n=4). (howest.be)
Parasites2
- The blood parasitaemia of T.b. brucei strain STIB247 (red) and the semi-quantitative score of extravascular parasites in the skin (blue) are shown over a 36-day time-course following infection in Balb/C mice. (elifesciences.org)
- Genetic Recombination between Human and Animal Parasites Creates Novel Strain. (bris.ac.uk)
Parasite6
- The study of sleeping sickness at the time focused on brucei gambiense , a parasite now confined to central and western Africa. (cdc.gov)
- brucei infection, five mice were culled (three infected, two control) and skin sections stained with parasite-specific anti-IGS65 antibody. (elifesciences.org)
- They have shown trypanocidal activity in vitro with IC 50 s of 0.7-3.3 μM (0.2-0.9 μg/ml) range against all parasite strains tested [1] . (medchemexpress.com)
- We developed all the tools and approaches we need for this project for the related parasite, T. brucei, so it is relatively straightforward to apply these to T. congolense, and our project thus has a high chance of success. (ukri.org)
- This has profound implications for the spread of harmful genes among different strains of this important livestock parasite. (ukri.org)
- T. brucei is a kinetoplastid parasite that causes sleeping sickness ("nagana") in cattle. (clemson.edu)
Sleeping sickness1
- Fexinidazol has the potential for human sleeping sickness (HAT) caused by infection with T. brucei . (medchemexpress.com)
Variant Surface Glycoprotein1
- T. brucei has about twenty telomeric bloodstream form Variant Surface Glycoprotein (VSG) expression sites (BESs), of which one is expressed at a time in a mutually exclusive fashion. (ox.ac.uk)
Escherichia2
- Escherichia coli str. (rcsb.org)
- Recombinant Escherichia coli strains have been constructed by metabolic engineering strategies to produce inositol, but with a low yield. (biomedcentral.com)
Leishmania1
- Our preliminary data suggest that the derivative of this compound, designed to fill the deepest portion of the CYP51 substrate binding cavity, has even higher antiparasitic potency, especially in the drug-resistant strains of T. cruzi and in Leishmania . (vanderbilt.edu)
Gambiense5
- Skin invasion by T.b. brucei strain TREU927 and T.b. gambiense strain PA. (elifesciences.org)
- Histological sections of dorsal skin from a mouse infected with T.b. brucei strain TREU927 at 20x magnification and two mice infected with T.b. gambiense strain PA at 40x magnification 10-days post-inoculation. (elifesciences.org)
- Conclusion With the exception of ESAG2, the BES sequence repertoires derived from T. b. gambiense are both less diverse than and nearly reciprocally monophyletic relative to those from T. b. brucei and T. equiperdum. (ox.ac.uk)
- Furthermore, although we find evidence for adaptive evolution in all three ESAG repertoires in T. b. brucei and T. equiperdum, only ESAG2 appears to be under diversifying selection in T. b. gambiense. (ox.ac.uk)
- Six MCS's were found to be T.b. gambiense specific (i.e. occur in all 18 T.b. gambiense strains). (howest.be)
Salmonella1
- Genetic Relationships among Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Strains from Humans and Animals. (cdc.gov)
Trypanosomes1
- We previously developed an experimental setup to identify hybrid trypanosomes directly in tsetse flies by mixing trypanosome strains that fluoresced with different colours, red and green. (ukri.org)
Trypanosome1
- Histological sections of dorsal skin from uninfected and infected Balb/C mice stained with trypanosome-specific anti-ISG65 antibody (brown), counterstained with Gill's Haematoxylin stain (blue) at 12 days and 24 days post-inoculation with T.b. brucei strain STIB247. (elifesciences.org)
Cruzi5
- The main goal of the present study was to investigate the genes coding for iron superoxide dismutase (FeSOD) in T. cruzi strains from an evolutionary perspective. (biomedcentral.com)
- The FeSOD-A and FeSOD-B genes of 35 T. cruzi strains, belonging to six discrete typing units (Tcl-TcVI), from different hosts and geographical regions were amplified by PCR and sequenced using the Sanger method. (biomedcentral.com)
- Phylogenetic inference supported the presence of two functional variants of each FeSOD type across the T. cruzi strains. (biomedcentral.com)
- Phylogenetic trees revealed a monophyletic group of FeSOD genes of T. cruzi TcIV strains in both distinct genes. (biomedcentral.com)
- Different T. cruzi strains and clones display extensive morphological, biological, immunological, biochemical and pharmacological differences, which directly interfere in the clinical state of individuals with Chagas disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Micromolar range1
- All the tested huprines are moderately potent and selective trypanocidal agents, exhibiting IC50 values against T. brucei in the submicromolar to low micromolar range and selectivity indices for T. brucei over L6 cells of approximately 15, thus constituting interesting trypanocidal lead compounds. (ndltd.org)
IC501
- This screening identified 29 molecules selectively active against bloodstream-form T. b. rhodesiense trypomastigotes, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) ranging from 0.12 to 10 microM, and 33 compounds active against the chloroquine- and pyrimethamine-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum (IC50 range, 0.17 to 5 microM). (unibas.ch)
Dataset1
- Draft genome of Trypanosoma b. brucei EATRO1125 (AnTaR1 serodeme) strain [Dataset]. (unibe.ch)
Falciparum1
- Two of these huprines were also found to be active against a chloroquine-resistant strain of P. falciparum, thus emerging as interesting trypanocidal-antiplasmodial dual acting compounds, but they exhibited little selectivity for P. falciparum over L6 cells. (ndltd.org)
Contigs2
Candida1
- Genome Sequence of the Amphotericin B-Resistant Candida duobushaemulonii Strain B09383. (cdc.gov)
Humans1
- Eggs and sperm are the gametes in humans, but in T. brucei the gametes were all a single kind of cell. (ukri.org)
Antigenic1
- BF T. brucei uses this elongation mechanism to generate multiple long-chained fatty acid species, including myristate (C14:0), which is the primary fatty acid for GPI anchoring of the antigenic molecule variable surface glycoprotein (VSG). (clemson.edu)
Molecular1
- Very little is known about the molecular mechanism of VSG switching in T. brucei. (nih.gov)
Vibrio2
Species1
- Pragia fontium is proposed for the single Pragia species, in which 18 strains are known, all of which were isolated in Czechoslovakia. (who.int)
Genes1
- a series of engineered strains for inositol production was constructed by deleting the key genes pgi , pfkA and pykF . (biomedcentral.com)
COLI2
- Construction of metabolically engineered E. coli strains with high stoichiometric yield of inositol is desirable. (biomedcentral.com)
- The metabolically engineered E. coli strains represent a promising method for future inositol production. (biomedcentral.com)
Infection1
- brucei infection was estimated using phase microscopy and methodology outlined in ( Lumsden, 1963 ). (elifesciences.org)
Genome Sequence1
- Complete Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma feriruminatoris Strain IVB14/OD_0535, Isolated from an Alpine Ibex in a Swiss Zoo. (unibe.ch)
Crucial1
- For T. brucei, this was crucial in identifying hybrids and where they occurred in the fly, so we could then search for the cells that actually mate - the gametes. (ukri.org)
Vitro1
- This cell line has no phenotypic difference in vitro compared to the parental 90-13 strain, suggesting that the ACC RNAi cell line have a mechanism to compensate for the lack of fatty acid elongation. (clemson.edu)
Varies1
- The VSG switching rate varies depending on the strain examined, ranging from as rapid as ~2 x 10. (gla.ac.uk)
Forms1
- Both the mammalian-host bloodstream (BF) and insect-host procyclic (PF) forms of T. brucei utilize complex fatty acid elongation mechanism. (clemson.edu)
Cells3
- CIL:50940, Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) brucei, T. brucei cells. (ucsd.edu)
- Johanna Höög;Dimitra Panagaki;Jacob Croft (2020) CIL:50940, Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) brucei, T. brucei cells. (ucsd.edu)
- We expect to find major differences in the meiotic cells and gametes of T. congolense and T. brucei, based on their known developmental cycles. (ukri.org)
Type1
- The type strain of P. fontium is strain CNCTC Eb11/82 (= CDC 963-84 = DRL 20125). (who.int)
Compounds2
- Statistical analysis identified the best culture one-strain-many-compounds (OSMAC) condition and extraction procedure, which was used for the isolation of novel bioactive metabolites. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- The biosynthesis of high value-added compounds using metabolically engineered strains has received wide attention in recent years. (biomedcentral.com)
High1
- Strain R04 (SG104 and Δpgi ) reached high-density in a 1-L fermenter when using glucose and glycerol as a mixed carbon source. (biomedcentral.com)
Structure1
- The presence of a complex N-glycan at Asn58 is consistent with the relatively acidic environment of the Asn58 N-glycosylation sequon, that predicts N-glycosylation by T. brucei oligosaccharyltransferase TbSTT3A with a Man(5)GlcNAc(2) structure destined for processing to a paucimannose and/or complex N-glycan (Izquierdo L, Schulz B, Rodrigues JA et al. (analyteguru.com)
Give2
- Further investigation in both lipidomics and proteomics will give better understanding the lipid homeostasis in bloodstream T. brucei. (clemson.edu)
- P. fontium strains give positive tests for Simmons citrate, H2S production, motility, acid production from D-glucose and D-galactose, and gluconate oxidation. (who.int)