• The tethering effect of pulmonary fibrosis can also dilate the airways, causing traction bronchiectasis. (medscape.com)
  • Until the advent of HRCT scanning, bronchography was the classic modality used for imaging bronchiectasis. (medscape.com)
  • Then there is a slow spread of chronic inflammatory process and secondary bronchiectasis to the normally developed bronchi of contiguous lobes with the development of chronic septic-obstructive pulmonary disease. (zdrav.by)
  • Pulmonary agenesis is the complete absence of lung tissue, including bronchial tree, lung parenchyma, and supporting vasculatures. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although pulmonary agenesis, aplasia and hypoplasia are lethal congenital disorders all resulting from underdevelopment of lungs, pulmonary agenesis and aplasia differ from pulmonary hypoplasia in their underlying cause. (wikipedia.org)
  • bleeding usually originates in dilated bronchial arteries, which contain blood at systemic (rather than pulmonary) pressures. (medscape.com)
  • The retention of bronchial secretions often leads to recurrent pulmonary infections, adding to damage in lung function, hence causing respiratory stress. (wikipedia.org)
  • CT findings included lack of tapering of bronchial lumina (n = 37), internal diameter of bronchi greater than that of the adjacent pulmonary artery (n = 28), visualized bronchi within 1 cm of pleura (n = 21), and mucus-filled dilated bronchi (n = 3). (nih.gov)
  • Association of bronchial asthma with pulmonary hypoplasia or aplasia is very uncommon 2 which prompts us to report this case. (ispub.com)
  • Pulmonary sequestration is an embryonic mass of lung tissue that has no identifiable bronchial communication and that receives its blood supply from 1 or more anomalous systemic arteries. (medscape.com)
  • In ILS, sequestrations occur within pulmonary visceral pleurae and do not communicate with the bronchial tree. (medscape.com)
  • There are two forms of arterial hypertension in bronchial asthma: hypertension (25% of patients), which proceeds benignly and slowly progresses, and symptomatic "pulmonary" (the prevailing form, 75% of patients). (artery-diseases-info.com)
  • The exact cause of pulmonary agenesis is still obscure. (wikipedia.org)
  • The posterior segment is supplied by the ascending A 2 (Asc.A 2 ) that originates within the fissure from the posterior aspect of the pulmonary artery, opposite the middle lobe artery. (amegroups.org)
  • Computed tomography (CT)-estimated dimensions of the airway lumen and wall, and accompanying pulmonary artery. (ersjournals.com)
  • Bronchography is performed by instilling an iodine-based contrast material via a catheter or bronchoscope, but it is rarely, if ever, performed today, as CT scanning has replaced it as the diagnostic modality of choice. (medscape.com)
  • Presence of systemic arteries revealed by chest imaging is the major diagnostic feature of pulmonary sequestration. (medscape.com)
  • The detailed radiological diagnostic procedure included a left- or right-side bronchography. (iaea.org)
  • In spite of relatively high doses during bronchography, compared to basic diagnostic methods, it was approved by delivering valuable information needed for surgery The first patient had suffered from frequent relapsing respiratory infections, obstructive bronchitis attacks and pneumonia since the age of three. (iaea.org)
  • Pulmonary agenesis is an inborn lung underdevelopment that is rare and potentially lethal. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bilateral and unilateral pulmonary agenesis are classified, depending on whether one side of the lung or both sides are affected. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, theories have been raised regarding the vascular, iatrogenic, viral and genetic causes of pulmonary agenesis in an attempt to explain the pathogenesis of the disorder. (wikipedia.org)
  • In most cases of pulmonary agenesis, surgical resection is performed to remove the malformed lobe or the entire defected lung of the patient depending on the severity of the respiratory impairment. (wikipedia.org)
  • The estimated prevalence of pulmonary agenesis is 34/1,000,000 live births, with a slightly higher possibility in the female population. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two types of pulmonary agenesis are classified based on the severity of underdevelopment: bilateral and unilateral pulmonary agenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Bilateral pulmonary agenesis means that both sides of the lung are absent, its occurrence is rare compared to unilateral pulmonary agenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • The severity of unilateral pulmonary agenesis varies depending on the area of tissue affected, being either a single lobe or a whole lung. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lung function is significantly affected in cases of pulmonary agenesis, demonstrated by reduction in forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Considering the fact that a large proportion of mortality cases of pulmonary agenesis are partly due to the presence of associated malformations, it is common to find other congenital anomalies associated with this type of disorder. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although some cases of bilateral pulmonary agenesis were reported as an isolated finding, most cases of pulmonary agenesis are associated with other anomalies, especially in the gastrointestinal, genitourinary and ocular systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • Unlike pulmonary hypoplasia which in most cases result from the incomplete development of lung during prenatal development, pulmonary agenesis and aplasia result from a complete developmental arrest of the primitive lung during embryonic life. (wikipedia.org)
  • The difference between pulmonary agenesis and aplasia is that pulmonary agenesis has complete absence of lung tissue, airways, and lung vessels while pulmonary aplasia has complete absence of lung tissue and lung vessels, but have some incompletely developed short airways. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bilateral pulmonary agenesis is highly rare and it is caused by the complete failure in the development of respiratory primordium, the primary structure developed in the earliest stage of embryonic development that gives rise to the entire respiratory tract. (wikipedia.org)
  • From India, the first case was reported by Muhamed in 1923, of a left sided pulmonary Agenesis 5 . (ispub.com)
  • 1) Agenesis-Complete absence of lung and bronchus and no vascular supply to the affected side, (2) Aplasia-Rudimentary bronchus with complete absence of pulmonary parenchyma (Left Upper Lobe aplasia in present case) (3) Hypoplasia-Presence of variable amounts of bronchial tree, pulmonary parenchyma and supporting vasculature (left lower lobe hypoplasia in present case). (ispub.com)
  • Pulmonary segmentectomy, when combined with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenectomy, is currently considered the gold standard treatment for early-stage lung tumors (NSCLC) smaller than 2 cm in diameter. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the final progression (15-40 years into the emergence) develops chronic septic-obstructive pulmonary disease with lesion of all lobes of the lungs with the main manifestations in the form of chronic respiratory failure and chronic septic intoxication. (zdrav.by)
  • Bronchography is a radiological technique, which involves x-raying the respiratory tree after coating the airways with contrast. (wikipedia.org)
  • Contrast enhanced computed tomography scan (CT) in a 34-year-old female with an extralobar pulmonary sequestration. (medscape.com)
  • Contrast enhanced computed tomography angiogram in a 34-year-old female with an extralobar pulmonary sequestration (same patient as in the previous image). (medscape.com)
  • Demonstration of a dominant feeding vessel, usually from the aorta or its major vessels, and venous drainage to the pulmonary veins suggests the diagnosis. (medscape.com)
  • Alivizatos P, Cheatle T, de Leval M, Stark J. Pulmonary sequestration complicated by anomalies of pulmonary venous return. (medscape.com)
  • The finding of alternative venous drainage patterns separates pulmonary sequestration from other diagnoses, such as infection and tumor, round atelectasis, Bochdalek hernia, and pulmonary infarction. (medscape.com)
  • Pulmonary hypoplasia or aplasia is a rare condition and characterized by incomplete development of lung tissue as a result of embryological defects. (ispub.com)
  • Droplet nuclei are produced when persons with pulmonary tuberculosis cough, sneeze, speak, or sing. (cdc.gov)
  • en] Radiological diagnostics, including standard lung X-ray radiographs and bronchography, as well as the pulmonary diagnostics including spirometry, gas analysis and lung scintigraphy, have a crucial role in diagnosing chronic pulmonary diseases, specially in children. (iaea.org)
  • We presume that relatively high doses of irradiation during bronchography, as well as surgical interventions could have been avoided if clinical and radiological diagnosis in our two patients had been done in time. (iaea.org)
  • No laboratory studies are needed in pulmonary sequestration. (medscape.com)
  • Flye MW, Conley M, Silver D. Spectrum of pulmonary sequestration. (medscape.com)
  • Pulmonary sequestration in infants and children: a 20-year experience and review of the literature. (medscape.com)
  • 75% of patients with pulmonary sequestration). (medscape.com)
  • Intralobar pulmonary sequestration. (medscape.com)
  • They provide specialized treatment for conditions like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer. (wikimd.com)
  • Frequently seen clinical features includes dyspnea, respiratory distress, recurrent pulmonary infections, and limited exercise tolerance. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bronchography is rarely performed, as it has been made obsolete with improvements in computed tomography and bronchoscopy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lung scan, CT chest, perfusion scan of lung, and ventilation scan of lung, lung tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) scan of the lung, bronchography. (cancer.gov)
  • Chest medicine: essentials of pulmonary and critical care medicine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although surgeons are performing pulmonary segmentectomies for years, they need a better understanding of anatomy when using a closed chest approach, because vision is more limited and they cannot stretch and expose the parenchyma and broncho-vascular elements. (amegroups.org)
  • Although surgeons are performing pulmonary segmentectomies for years, they need a better understanding of anatomy when using a closed chest approach, because the vision is more limited and they cannot stretch and expose the parenchyma and broncho-vascular elements as they used to do with hands inside the chest cavity. (amegroups.org)
  • Some body structures, such as the lungs, show in X-ray films and in fluoroscopic images by virtue of the sharp difference between the X-ray absorbing power of the air that distends them and that of the pulmonary tissue itself. (britannica.com)
  • Increasing severity of pectus excavatum is associated with reduced pulmonary function. (childrensmercy.org)
  • An emulsion of ethyl iodophenylundecylate also is used in bronchography and in the examination of the spinal canal (myelography). (britannica.com)
  • Given the close relationship between the lungs and heart, pulmonologists often work in conjunction with cardiologists, especially when dealing with conditions like pulmonary hypertension. (wikimd.com)
  • The main factor in increasing systemic blood pressure is central and regional hemodynamic disorders: an increase in peripheral vascular resistance, a decrease in pulse blood supply to the brain, and hemodynamic disturbances in the pulmonary circulation. (artery-diseases-info.com)