Bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

FP induces apoptosis of eosinophils 18 and also reduces the production of several cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and RANTES (regulated on activation, T-cell expressed and secreted) by alveolar macrophages 19 and lymphocytes 20 , 21 . (ersjournals.com)
Most of those depositing in the gas-exchange region will be phagocytized by alveolar macrophages and cleared to and through the mucociliary escalator within a few weeks. (cdc.gov)
With rK2-PVM, we demonstrate infection of leukocytes in the lung, notably, dendritic cells and alveolar macrophages. (nih.gov)
Alveolar macrophages undergo productive infection and release infectious virions. (nih.gov)
We show here that Lactobacillus administration also limits infection of leukocytes in vivo and results in diminished release of infectious virions from alveolar macrophages. (nih.gov)
We hypothesize that inhalation of UfCP may disturb the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory lipid mediators in: i) a model for acute allergic pulmonary inflammation, exposing mice for 24 h before allergen challenge to UfCP inhalation (51.7 nm, 507 μg/m 3 ), and ii) an in-vitro model with primary rat alveolar macrophages (AM) incubated with UfCP (10 μg/1 x 10 6 cells/ml) for 1 h. (biomedcentral.com)
Smears that contained alveolar macrophages and bronchial epithelial cells were deemed sufficient. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)
We employed isogenic single and double mutants of the ompP5 and hap genes generated in the pathogenic strain NTHi375 to evaluate P5 and Hap contribution to biofilm growth under continuous flow, to NTHi adhesion, and invasion/phagocytosis on nasal, pharyngeal, bronchial, alveolar cultured epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages, and to NTHi murine pulmonary infection. (qub.ac.uk)
Prominent staining was also noted in nonciliated airway epithelial cells, bronchial and pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells, pulmonary vascular endothelium, and alveolar macrophages, whereas less intense staining was noted in alveolar epithelial cells. (johnshopkins.edu)

The bronchial epithelium appears more responsive to changes in oxygen levels and remodelling processes compared to the alveoli, suggesting that hypoxia may be a driver of pathogenesis in chronic lung disorders. (lu.se)
The model represents a fully differentiated and functional respiratory epithelium consisting of basal, goblet and ciliated cells [26] . (cas.cz)
tryptase and chymase, infiltrate the epithelium and the alveolar parenchyma. (phiab.com)
The lung buds are lined by endodermally derived epithelium that differentiate into epithelium that lines the airways and specialized alveolar epithelium. (pedsurglibrary.com)
Clara cells lining the respiratory epithelium metabolize ST to styrene 7,8- oxide (SO), which is cytotoxic and weakly genotoxic. (cdc.gov)
Results In IPF, the bronchiolised and enlarged distal airspaces stained for SOX2 are consistent with epithelial differentiation characteristic of conducting airway epithelium. (bmj.com)
The inner respiratory epithelium arises from the endoderm, and the cartilage, bronchial muscles, connective tissue, and vasculature all arise from the mesoderm. (lecturio.com)
The bronchial mucosa is made of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells and basal cells. (medscape.com)
The rhythmic movement of the cilia promotes the flow of the superficial liquid lining of the epithelium, along with mucin and other particulate material (eg, cells and debris) from within the lung to the pharynx. (medscape.com)

Human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells, alveolar epithelial (A549) cells, and lung fibroblast (CRL1490) cells were treated with MWCNT. (cdc.gov)
In vitro exposure of BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells and A549 alveolar adenocarcinoma cells results in cytotoxicity, increased oxidative stress, increased intracellular [Ca2 + ], decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and interleukin (IL)-8 production. (dovepress.com)
In contrast to the results for BEAS-2B and A549 cells, in RKO colon carcinoma cells ZnO NPs and not Zn2 + induce cytotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction. (dovepress.com)
The performance of the bronchial models was compared to a commonly used alveolar model consisting of A549 in monoculture and in coculture with EA.hy926 cells. (nilu.no)
Human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) and alveolar epithelial (A549) cells were infected with SARS-CoV-2 for 24 h, and control cells received medium only. (biomedcentral.com)

Inhaled fluticasone propionate (FP) is widely used to reduce pulmonary inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but the potential effects of FP on airway epithelial cells from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are unknown. (ersjournals.com)
Research indicates that clarithromycin concentrates in pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (PELF) and in bronchial alveolar (BAL) cells of foals. (wedgewoodpharmacy.com)
These pools have been located within the basal layer of the upper airways, within or near pulmonary neuroendocrine cell rests, at the bronchoalveolar junction as well as within the alveolar epithelial surface. (nih.gov)
This pulmonary exposure to alcohol can damage the bronchial epithelial layer of the lung [ 6 , 7 ], while impairing the lung's ability to repair epithelial wounding via inhibition of the PKA pathway [ 8 ]. (cdc.gov)
In this work, pathways governing mucus cell differentiation were investigated in lung tissues from patients with IPF and other chronic pulmonary disorders. (bmj.com)
Dr. Desai conducts basic and translational research on lung stem cells that repair and regenerate the lung after injury, and their role in diseases like IPF, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and lung adenocarcinoma. (stanford.edu)
My lab is focused on understanding the causes of and working towards specific molecular and cell-based treatments for lung diseases like cancer, pulmonary fibrosis, COPD. (stanford.edu)
We are focused on Wnt signaling because this appears to be a key signal that confers stem cell potency in both mouse and human lung, and is overactive in diseases like lung adenocarcinoma and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). (stanford.edu)

Diffuse alveolar damage developed. (cdc.gov)
The underlying mechanism and histologic correlate is diffuse alveolar damage (DAD). (lecturio.com)
Diffuse alveolar damage involves damage to the endothelial and alveolar epithelial cells and is associated with inflammation and the development of hyaline membranes lining the inner alveolar walls. (lecturio.com)

2. The aim of this work was to investigate how hypoxia affects human lung epithelial cells in combination with profibrotic stimuli and its correlation to pathogenesis. (lu.se)
To elucidate the pathogenesis of tion in MDCK cells ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)

Recently, an in vitro study on the expression of ΔF508 CFTR (CFTR which contains a deletion of phenylalanine at position 508) in the ovary cells of Chinese hamsters, which do not express CFTR, revealed a seven-fold increase in the activation of NF-κB compared to the wild-type CFTR or the G551D mutant. (ersjournals.com)
Therefore, the in-vitro cell culture systems can be used for mechanistic studies and screening tests for MWCNT and similar fibrogenic nanoparticle s. (cdc.gov)
We determined the effect of vapour on oxidative stress-induced, PAFR-dependent pneumococcal adhesion to airway epithelial cells in vitro , and on pneumococcal colonisation in the mouse nasopharynx. (ersjournals.com)
Nicotine-containing and nicotine-free E-cigarette vapour increased pneumococcal adhesion to airway cells in vitro . (ersjournals.com)
For example, we found that cigarette smoke extract, fossil fuel-derived particulate matter and welding fumes, by means of the induction of oxidative stress, upregulate PAFR-dependent pneumococcal adhesion to lower airway cells in vitro [ 8 - 10 ]. (ersjournals.com)
The method of stimulating isolated cells with CSE in vitro has been explored and frequently applied to determine the direct causes in the relationships between cigarette smoking and cellular functions [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
In this study, in attempt to provide fresh information about the impact of CS on proliferation of EPCs to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of the diseases related to CS in cellular level, we assessed the proliferation of EPCs after interfering the cells with a series of concentrations of CSE for various times of exposure in vitro . (hindawi.com)
Because alcohol blocks airway epithelial cell release of IL-6 in vitro , we hypothesized that alcohol exposure would alter mouse lung inflammatory responses to HDE. (cdc.gov)
Therefore, W4 will develop and apply disease relevant, sensitive and validated in vitro lung cell and tissue models as well as suited animal models for validation of the observed effects. (aerohealth.eu)
Neuregulin1α, which drives mucus cell differentiation in vitro, was expressed in normal airway submucosal glands and in lungs from patients with IPF. (bmj.com)

Our results show that 1) MWCNT decreased cell viability of epithelial cells in a dose and time dependent manner, 2) MWCNT exposure induced secretion of fibrogenic mediators from lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts at physiologically relevant concentrations of 0.02 to 0.6 ug/cm2 and 3) MWCNT directly induced collagen production from lung fibroblasts. (cdc.gov)
Therefore, in this work we assessed the effect of exposure (24 h) to 10 nM SARS-CoV-2 recombinant S1 protein on physiologically relevant human bronchial (bro) and alveolar (alv) lung mucosa models cultured at air-liquid interface (ALI) (n = 6 per exposure condition). (scilifelab.se)

We conclude that the observed effects contribute to loss of epithelial integrity during atopic asthma. (springer.com)
BAL was developed as a therapeutic technique to clear secreted-filled alveolar gaps in bronchial asthma and alveolar proteinosis. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)
KLK5 is secreted by human bronchial epithelial cells and elevated in asthma bronchial alveolar lavage. (bvsalud.org)
Nerve ablation after bronchial thermoplasty and sustained improvement in severe asthma. (medscape.com)

canalicular stage (16 to 26 weeks) - the terminal bronchioles subdivide into two or more respiratory bronchioles that divide into three to six alveolar ducts. (pedsurglibrary.com)
2001). Decreased eosinophilia in terminal bronchioles, focal crowd- ing, and bronchiolar hyperplasia, eventually extending into alveolar ducts, For personal use only. (cdc.gov)

Since olfactory mucosa is considered one of the most feasible routes of air pollutants entry into the brain [27] , we will further study the effects of air pollution exposure in human olfactory mucosa cells (hOM) obtained from 8 healthy subjects and 8 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients (provided by a collaborative institution - Prof. Katja Kanninen, University of Eastern Finland). (cas.cz)
Differential Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein 1 on Human Bronchial and Alveolar Lung Mucosa Models: Implications for Pathogenicity. (scilifelab.se)
The bronchial wall is made up of mucosa, lamina propria, smooth muscle, and submucosa with interspersed cartilage. (medscape.com)

KLK5, dependent on its catalytic function, induces epithelial chemokine/cytokine expression. (bvsalud.org)
SARS-CoV-2 infection induces Ace2 gene and its interacting factors in human alveolar but not bronchial epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
However, no one knows the mechanism by which plicatic acid induces these changes, which include increased concentrations of eosinophils, immunoglobulin E (IgE), T-cells, histamine and leukotrienes-substances known to increase inflammation in conditions such as multiple organ failure following surgery and acute respiratory distress syndrome (Frew 1995, Chan-Yeung 1994, Salari 1994). (reptilestar.com)
Zhong Y, Liao J, Hu Y, Wang Y, Sun C, Zhang C, Wang G. PM 2.5 Upregulates MicroRNA-146a-3p and Induces M1 Polarization in RAW264.7 Cells by Targeting Sirtuin1. (medsci.org)
The integration of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from microorganisms with their surface receptors in the immune cells, induces the production of several cytokines and chemokines that presents either a pro- and/or anti-inflammatory role by stimulating the secretion of a great variety of antibody subtypes and the activation of mechanisms of controlling the disease, such as the regulatory T cells. (bvsalud.org)

The authors sought to identify mechanisms driving the differentiation of mucus cells during the bronchiolisation process. (bmj.com)
Methods Pathways governing airway mucus cell differentiation include SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2), Notch, forkhead box A3(FOXA3)/SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the EGF-related neuregulins NRG1α and NRG1β. (bmj.com)
Activation of abnormal respiratory epithelial differentiation programs may contribute to the expression of MUC5B and bronchiolisation of the distal lung, a salient feature of IPF. (bmj.com)

He participates in research involving gene correction of CFTR in lung stem cells from patients with Cystic fibrosis followed by autologous stem cell transplantation to provide lifelong restoration of physiological activity. (stanford.edu)

In CF disease, a nonregulated inflammatory lung response occurs through exaggerated nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines production by airway epithelial cells. (ersjournals.com)
The effects of corticosteroids are predominantly mediated by the inhibition of NF-κB deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-binding activity, which controls genes encoding inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules in respiratory epithelial cells 10 - 13 . (ersjournals.com)
T2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 downregulate KLK5 in human bronchial epithelial cells. (bvsalud.org)

In a whole-genome sequencing in 17 Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma cases and whole-exome sequencing in 71 cases, Song (2014), reported ASH1L alterations. (cancerindex.org)
Histologically, NSCLC is divided into adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (see the image below), and large cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
A cavitating right lower lobe squamous cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)

Smeere thought inadequate were those that had deteriorated or poorly preserved cell morphology, as well as extensive haemorrhage that obscured cellular features. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)

Short-term exposure of skin cells results in apoptosis but not in an inflammatory response, while long-term exposure leads to increased ROS generation, decreased mitochondrial activity, and formation of tubular intercellular structures. (dovepress.com)
The impact of real-world ambient air pollution exposure on human lung and olfactory cells grown at the air-liquid interface. (cas.cz)
The cells will be grown at the air-liquid interface (ALI = cells are grown on a membrane with their basal surfaces in contact with media, and the top of the cellular layer is exposed to the air) in our exposure system in the field conditions of localities differing in air pollution levels. (cas.cz)
A few of these inflammatory responses, such as inflammatory cell recruitment, can be modulated by alcohol exposure [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. (cdc.gov)
Therefore, we will study effects of exposure on human lung, liver (represents secondary organ of exposure) and skin (epidermis) cells. (aerohealth.eu)
Subsequent to the exposure (Air-Liquid Interface (ALI) or off-line exposure using extracts), the human cell cultures and in vivo models will be subjected to an innovative and refined molecular biological analysis for highly sensitive, high throughput and comprehensive detection of adverse cellular and whole tissue responses. (aerohealth.eu)
CC16 levels correlate with cigarette smoke exposure in bronchial epithelial cells and with lung function decline in smokers. (medscape.com)

To determine whether FP reduces cytokine production in bronchial epithelial cells via NF-κB, the authors investigated the nonstimulated and the Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated production of NF-κB-dependent interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and RANTES (regulated on activation, T-cell expressed and secreted) along with the activation of NF-κB in non-CF and CF human bronchial gland epithelial cells. (ersjournals.com)

Since invasive pneumococcal strains adhere to, and translocate across, respiratory tract epithelial cells, adhesion is a prerequisite for establishing pneumococcal disease [ 4 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Rodent species show marked differ- ences in the distribution and regional density of Clara cells within the respiratory tract, as well as in their capacity to produce and eliminate SO. (cdc.gov)
The virus spreads from the upper respiratory tract to the medium and small bronchi and bronchioles, causing epithelial necrosis and initiating an inflammatory response. (msdmanuals.com)

Strategies to enhance endogenous alveolar epithelial repair could include protection of epithelial progenitors from injury and/or stimulation of endogenous progenitor cell function. (nih.gov)

The present authors and previous studies, have previously demonstrated that epithelial expression of interleukin (IL)-8 is excessively elevated in the bronchial epithelial cells of human CF adults 6 . (ersjournals.com)
Herein we elaborated effects of TGF-β1 on TJs of primary human bronchial epithelial cells. (springer.com)
In conclusion, MWCNT induced fibrogenic mediators in cultured human lung epithelial cells and stimulated collagen production from fibroblasts. (cdc.gov)
Pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) is a natural rodent pathogen that replicates in bronchial epithelial cells and reproduces many clinical and pathological features of the more severe forms of disease associated with human respiratory syncytial virus. (nih.gov)
This study aimed to establish and characterize an advanced respiratory model consisting of human epithelial bronchial BEAS-2B cells cultivated at the air-liquid interface (ALI), both as monocultures and in cocultures with human endothelial EA.hy926 cells. (nilu.no)
Human bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells were treated with tryptase and chymase. (phiab.com)
Immunohistochemical analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin- embedded human and rat lung sections using the anti-human CYP2J2 IgG and avidin/biotin/peroxidase detection showed that CYP2J proteins were primarily expressed in ciliated epithelial cells lining the airway. (johnshopkins.edu)
By developing lung cell culture models to co-cultures with cells from other organs, the covered effects will be extended beyond the lung and enable a better prediction of human health effects. (aerohealth.eu)
Molecular subtypes of small cell lung cancer: a synthesis of human and mouse model data. (cancerindex.org)

Interestingly, the expression of two IκB kinases (IKK)-α/β, the degradation of cytosolic IκB-β inhibitor and the NF-κB deoxyribonucleic acid binding activity were markedly reduced after FP treatment in both CF and non-CF bronchial epithelial cells. (ersjournals.com)
Interestingly, fibrotic lungs experienced much higher staining for ACE2, whereas bronchial epithelial cells showed weaker expression. (icsv20.org)

These cultures contain fibroblasts/stromal-like cells, globose basal cells and myofibroblasts-like cells obtained from a biopsy from the nasal septum and further processed as previously described [28] . (cas.cz)

Other particles may be engulfed by epithelial cells, primarily in the vicinity of the bronchial-alveolar duct junctions, and retained for much longer periods, with gradual removal to lymph nodes. (cdc.gov)

It is believed that TGF-β1 signalling is involved in controlling epithelial cell proliferation, to drive epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and it plays a major role in lung fibrosis and emphysema. (springer.com)
Holographic live cell imaging, fluorescent microscopy, and gene and protein assays were used to analyze various parameters such as proliferation patterns, protein expressions and distributions. (phiab.com)

The bone-marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) provide an alternative source of endothelial cells (ECs) that contributes to neovessel formation in endothelium structure [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)

Cells containing viral RNA were detected from 1 to 11 PID in exudate within bronchial and bronchiolar lumina and from 3 to 7 PID in alveolar exudates. (nebraska.edu)

Discussion: In conclusion, our data indicate that bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells respond differently to hypoxia and profibrotic stimuli. (lu.se)
In conclusion, our results suggest that intraepithelial and alveolar mast cell release of proteases plays a crucial role in epithelial homeostasis, and that an inbalance of the protease release may be involved in respiratory disease progression and in disruption of critical epithelial functions. (phiab.com)
In conclusion, we observed a typical anti-viral response in the bronchial model and a pro-fibrotic response in the alveolar model. (scilifelab.se)
Conclusion Expression of SOX2 and MUC5B and lack of SPDEF in atypically differentiated cells of bronchiolised distal airspaces are consistent with abnormal programming of airway epithelial cells in IPF. (bmj.com)

Cartridge nicotine solution in ECs seems to exacerbate asthmatic symptoms by elevating infiltration of inflammatory cells including eosinophils into airways and promotion of oxidative stress. (nosmokesummit.org)
Mucus cells lining abnormal airways from patients with IPF expressed MUC5B and SOX2 but lacked SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF) and forkhead box A3(FOXA3). (bmj.com)

This triggered an increase in paracellular permeability via cellular redistribution of claudin 3 (CLDN3) from TJs into cell nuclei followed by disruption of epithelial integrity and formation of epithelial lesions. (springer.com)

During embryonic stages of lung organogenesis, TGF-β1 is pivotal in epithelial-mesenchymal interaction, during alveolarization and for airway branching morphology. (springer.com)

Alterations in cell viability and metabolic activity were determined. (lu.se)
Viability of MWCNT-exposed cells was determined by cell counting and WST-1 assay. (cdc.gov)
Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by NM-300K were dependent on both the cell types and model, where BEAS-2B in monocultures had the highest sensitivity in terms of cell viability and DNA strand breaks. (nilu.no)

The cytological methods currently available for examining the pathology of the lung include exfoliative (induced sputum), abrasive (bronchoalveolar lavage [BAL], bronchial brushing [BB], bronchial washing, and percutaneous/endobronchial fine-needle aspiration cytology), and percutaneous/endobronchial cytology.BBs have a higher cell yield than aspirates and washing. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)
Bronchial washings or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples that a doctor collects in a disposable 50 mL centrifuge box require at least 1 to 2 mL. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)

In response to inflammatory stimuli and injury, infiltrating leukocytes and tissue-resident cells interact to generate lipoxins, which are involved in the termination of inflammation [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In summary, we demonstrate a role of motile cilia in TGF-β1 sensing and showed that TGF-β1 disturbs TJ permeability of conductive airway epithelia by redistributing CLDN3 from TJs into cell nuclei. (springer.com)

Also acts as a ligand for CX3C chemokine receptor CX3CR1, inducing cell chemotaxis. (cusabio.com)

The TNM (tumor-node-metastasis) staging system from the American Joint Committee for Cancer Staging and End Results Reporting is used for all lung carcinomas except small-cell lung cancer. (medscape.com)

E-cig use can cause oxidative stress and endothelial cell dysfunction (8, 9), and compromised innate immune response in lungs (10). (researchsquare.com)

Positive hybridization signals were identified in interstitial mononuclear cells and in bronchi-associated lymphoid tissue from 3 to 11 PID. (nebraska.edu)

Since oxidative stress in airway cells increases platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) expression, and PAFR is co-opted by pneumococci to adhere to host cells, we hypothesised that E-cigarette vapour increases pneumococcal adhesion to airway cells. (ersjournals.com)

At least two populations of epithelial stem/progenitor cells give rise to the lung anlage, comprising the laryngo-tracheal complex versus the distal lung below the first bronchial bifurcation. (nih.gov)

Sources of exogenous stem/progenitor cells that are currently under evaluation in the context of acute lung injury repair include embryonic stem cells, bone marrow- or fat-derived mesenchymal stem cells, circulating endothelial progenitors, and, recently, amniotic fluid stem/progenitor cells. (nih.gov)

Increasing evidence suggests that respiratory epithelial cells with dysfunctional CFTR have exaggerated activation of NF-κB/inhibitor of NF-κB complex associated with upregulated expression of chemokines 4 , 5 . (ersjournals.com)
These same stem cells can become dysfunctional, generating cancer if they become overactive, and resulting in respiratory failure if they lose their potency. (stanford.edu)

In this present study, we investigated important MWCNT-induced fibrogenic mediators using cultured lung cell systems. (cdc.gov)

Importantly, inhibition of miR-146a-3p upregulated SIRT1 protein and suppressed M1 polarization in PM 2.5 treated RAW264.7 cells. (medsci.org)

One of the major clinical manifestations of CFTR mutations is neutrophil dominated inflammation 2 , 3 , implying that defective CFTR affects the immune function of airway epithelial cells, in particular the production of nuclear factor (NF)-κB-dependent chemokines. (ersjournals.com)

Infection with highly pathogenic avian influ- veolar epithelial cells were phenotyped by using a destain- enza (HPAI) virus (H5N1) leads to severe and often fatal ing-restaining technique ( 9 ). (cdc.gov)
As a PhD student with Alex Brand in the Aberdeen Fungal Group and a post-doc with Rob Arkowitz in Nice, I generated novel techniques via cross-faculty approaches to define previously-impossible-to-measure live-cell applied-forces and fluorescent protein dynamics within invasive pathogenic fungi against tissue-soft substrates. (exeter.ac.uk)

Lung epithelial cells form a barrier that lines airway and alveolar surfaces and constitute an air-liquid interface. (springer.com)

To establish firm adhesion, pneumococci co-opt host-expressed platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR), and then use the receptor as a Trojan horse to enter airway cells as the receptor is internalised [ 7 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Hap involvement in NTHi375-host interaction was shown to be limited, despite promoting bacterial cell adhesion when expressed in H. influenzae RdKW20. (qub.ac.uk)

While it is likely that the epithelial cells are exposed to various amounts of released tryptase and chymase, the interaction between mast cells and epithelial cells remains unknown. (phiab.com)

Bronchial washings are used for cytology tests. (ganeshdiagnostic.com)

Immunohistochemistry staining for ACE2 were bad on Kupffer cells, as well as T and B lymphocytes. (icsv20.org)

We have developed a fully functional recombinant PVM strain with a fluorescent reporter protein (rK2-PVM) that permits us to track infection of target cells in vivo. (nih.gov)
The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein mediates attachment of the virus to the host cell receptor and fusion between the virus and the cell membrane. (scilifelab.se)
PM 2.5 increased the mRNA and protein expression of M1 markers including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW264.7 cells. (medsci.org)
Overexpression of miR-146a-3p downregulated the expression of SIRT1 protein in untreated RAW264.7 cells. (medsci.org)

Crucial for predicting the effects of ambient aerosol health effects is the use of comprehensive set of cell cultures, silenced cell lines, co-cultures, tissue cultures and in vivo experiments accompanied by a state-of-the-art molecular biological and toxicological effect analyses. (aerohealth.eu)
His lab also studies the molecular signals that regulate lung stem cell activity, and how the signals can be manipulated to restore their activity. (stanford.edu)
We focus our attention on lung stem cells and the molecular signals that regulate their activity to repair and regenerate lung tissue after injury. (stanford.edu)

Acute tip re-orientation occurred only in cells where forward growth was countered by hyphal friction sufficient to generate a tip force of ∼ 8.7 μN (1.2 MPa), more than that required to penetrate host-cell membranes. (exeter.ac.uk)

In order to track virus-target cell interactions during acute infection in vivo, we developed rK2-PVM, bacterial artificial chromosome-based recombinant PVM strain J3666 that incorporates the fluorescent tag monomeric Katushka 2 (mKATE2). (nih.gov)
We show that P5 is not required for bacterial biofilm growth, but it is involved in NTHi interplay with respiratory cells and in mouse lung infection. (qub.ac.uk)

Decreased contractility of airway smooth muscle cells poses an additional hazard. (dovepress.com)
Cytochrome P450 (P450) monooxygenases catalyze the epoxidation of arachidonic acid to form epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, which modulate bronchial smooth muscle tone and airway transepithelial ion transport. (johnshopkins.edu)

The results showed that both tryptase and chymase promoted epithelial remodelling in several ways. (phiab.com)
The cell and tissue culture-based results will be tested and validated with careful use of in vivo models, thus adhering to the guiding principle for ethical use of animal testing (3R principle: reduce, replace, refine). (aerohealth.eu)
This chronic inflammatory disease results from the response to bacteria in dental biofilm and may remain confined to the gingival tissues with minimal tissue alterations or this disease may progress to extreme periodontal destruction with the loss of attachment and alveolar bone. (bvsalud.org)

The bro-ALI model was developed using primary bronchial epithelial cells and the alv-ALI model using representative type II pneumocytes (NCI-H441). (scilifelab.se)

Anatomy47

Organisms14

Diseases23

Chemicals and Drugs92

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes54

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science2

Macrophages9

Epithelium9

A5495

Pulmonary8

Diffuse alveolar damage3

Pathogenesis2

Vitro10

Physiologically relevant2

Asthma4

Ducts2

Mucosa3

Induces5

Differentiation3

Patients with cystic fibrosis1

Cytokines3

Squamous cell carc3

Preserved cell morphology1

Exposure7

Cytokine1

Respiratory Tract3

Endogenous1

Human9

Interestingly2

Fibroblasts1

Lymph Nodes1

Proliferation2

Endothelium1

Bronchiolar1

Conclusion4

Airways2

Lesions1

Morphology1

Viability3

Bronchoalveolar2

Stimuli1

Airway epithelia1

Chemokine1

Carcinomas1

Endothelial cell1

Hybridization1

Oxidative stress1

Distal1

Embryonic1

Dysfunctional2

Lung cell1

Inhibition1

Dependent1

Pathogenic2

Barrier1

Adhesion2

Interaction1

Cytology1

Lymphocytes1

Protein4

Molecular3

Membranes1

Infection2

Smooth muscle2

Results3

Primary1