• Brefeldin A ( 3 ), isolated from the fungus Penicillium brefeldianum , evokes abiding interest as a specific inhibitor of protein transport to the Golgi apparatus. (organic-chemistry.org)
  • Regulating the Golgi apparatus by co-delivery of a COX-2 inhibitor and Brefeldin A for suppression of tumor metastasis. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this study, treatment of EMT6 mouse mammary tumor cells with hypoxia or the chemical stress agents brefeldin A (BFA) or okadaic acid (OA) causes the development of resistance to the topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Brefeldin A inhibits protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the golgi complex indirectly by preventing association of COP-I coat to the Golgi membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • Brefeldin A was initially isolated with hopes to become an antiviral drug but is now primarily used in research to study protein transport. (wikipedia.org)
  • pAMPK)] and inhibition [dopamine-beta-hydroxylase GLUT3 MCT2] of protein expression in these cells responses Brefeldin A that were normalized Brefeldin A by insulin plus lactate treatment. (bioskinrevive.com)
  • However, if they are trapped inside the cell, they can be stained as intracellular proteins using protein transport inhibitors such as BD GolgiStop™ (containing monensin) or BD GolgiPlug™ (containing brefeldin A). Cytokines are relatively accessible using the gentle fixation and permeabilization afforded by BD Cytofix/ Cytoperm™ Fixation and Permeabilization Solution. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Here we show that the AN gene encodes a C-terminal binding proteins/brefeldin A ADP-ribosylated substrates (CtBP/BARS) related protein. (nih.gov)
  • Salomons, F.A., I.J. van der Klei, A.M. Kram, W. Harder & M. Veenhuis (1997) Brefeldin A interferes with peroxisomal protein sorting in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha. (rug.nl)
  • Brefeldin A reversibly inhibits the function of GBF1 uncompetitively by binding to the complex it forms with GDP-bound Arf1p and preventing conversion to the GTP-bound form. (wikipedia.org)
  • Brefeldin A blocks binding of ADP-ribosylation factor to the Golgi apparatus and inhibits GDP-GTP exchange. (adooq.com)
  • An important goal of the present work was to reconcile the role of GnRH nerve cell AMPK in the context Brefeldin A of metabolic restraint of pituitary LH secretion. (bioskinrevive.com)
  • Cilium trafficking of P/rds was sustained even when the Golgi functions, including trans -Golgi-mediated conventional secretion, were inhibited by the small molecules brefeldin A, 30N12, and monensin. (jneurosci.org)
  • 2007 a response that is abolished by AMPK inhibition [Roland and Brefeldin A Moenter 2011 Also immortalized mouse hypothalamic GT1-7 cells express AMPK and exhibit diminished GnRH release upon treatment with AMPK activators [Coyral-Castel et al. (bioskinrevive.com)
  • Brefeldin A (BFA) causes rapid redistribution of Golgi proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leaving no definable Golgi-apparatus, and blocks transport of proteins from the ER to distal secretory compartments of the cell. (mpg.de)
  • We conclude that this 21 kDa and possibly also other GTP-binding proteins may be the molecular target of Brefeldin A in pancreatic acinar cells. (mpg.de)
  • Contents: Antibody Cocktail (IFN-γ FITC, CD69 PE, CD8 PerCP-Cy™5.5, CD3 APC), Isotype Ctrl Cocktail, Co-Stimulatory Antibodies (CD28/CD49d), Brefeldin A (BFA) Solution, EDTA Solution, BD FACS™ Lysing Solution (10x), BD FACS Permeabilizing Solution 2 (10x). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Further, the uptake of NBD-PS-SWCNTs was suppressed by a cocktail of endocytosis inhibitors (chlorpromazine, nystatin, genistein and brefeldin A). This suggests that endocytosis is involved in the uptake of SWCNTs by macrophages. (cdc.gov)
  • Brefeldin A is a lactone antiviral produced by the fungus Penicillium brefeldianum. (wikipedia.org)
  • Disruption of carrier insertion with brefeldin A (5 µM) was followed by a decline of I( SMIT ) to a similar extent in Xenopus oocytes expressing SMIT with JAK2 and in Xenopus oocytes expressing SMIT alone, suggesting that JAK2 did not affect carrier stability in the cell membrane . (xenbase.org)
  • PBMC stimulated with 1 μg/mL of aCD3 and 3 ug/ml of aCD28 for 2 days were treated with Tocris cell activation cocktail 500x (Catalog # 5476 ) and Brefeldin A (Catalog # 1231/5 ) for 3 hours or naïve PBMC lymphocytes. (rndsystems.com)
  • citation needed] In mammalian and yeast cells, the main target of brefeldin A appears to be a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) called GBF1. (wikipedia.org)
  • Immunoprecipitation of ApoE from Hep G2 cells treated with Brefeldin A #9972 (10 ng/ml, 90 min), using Rabbit (DA1E) mAb IgG XP ® Isotype Control #3900 (lane 2) or ApoE (pan) (D7I9N) Rabbit mAb (lane 3). (cellsignal.com)
  • PMA+ionomycin-stimulated (6 hours, in presence of brefeldin A) Th2-polarized C57BL/6 CD4-positive cells were surface stained with CD3 PE and then intracellularly stained with IL-4 (11B11) APC (top) or rat IgG1, κ APC isotype control (bottom). (biolegend.com)
  • 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02002 ) a complementary assembly of brefeldin A ( 3 ), starting from glucose. (organic-chemistry.org)
  • the former Brefeldin A but not the latter response was reversed by lactate. (bioskinrevive.com)
  • citation needed] In mammalian and yeast cells, the main target of brefeldin A appears to be a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) called GBF1. (wikipedia.org)
  • Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein (BIG)2 activates ADP-ribosylation factors (Arfs), ~20-kDa GTPase proteins critical for continuity of intracellular vesicular trafficking by accelerating the replacement of ARF-bound GDP with GTP. (nih.gov)
  • catalog quantity: 407952) Dynabeads Human being T Activator Compact disc3/Compact disc28 (Existence Systems, InvitrogenTM, catalog quantity: 111.32D) Brefeldin Indocyanine green A (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog quantity: B7651) 1,000x monensin (BioLegend, catalog quantity: 420701) 0.5 M EDTA (Sigma-Aldrich, catalog number: E-5134) LIVE/DEAD? (immune-source.com)
  • We predicted that AP20187 would inhibit AP-3 vesicle formation from endosomes after a brefeldin A block. (nih.gov)
  • AP-3 vesicle formation continued, however, after brefeldin A wash-out despite impairment of clathrin function by AP20187. (nih.gov)
  • Comparative biochemistry of fatty acid and macrolide antibiotic (brefeldin a). (wikipedia.org)
  • Macrolide brefeldin A (BFA) is a well-known lead compound in cancer chemotherapy, however, with poor solubility and instability. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • Further, the uptake of NBD-PS-SWCNTs was suppressed by a cocktail of endocytosis inhibitors (chlorpromazine, nystatin, genistein and brefeldin A). This suggests that endocytosis is involved in the uptake of SWCNTs by macrophages. (cdc.gov)
  • This is achieved by using protein transport inhibitors, like Brefeldin A or monensin, to trap cytokines in within the secretory cells. (ptglab.com)
  • Brefeldin A was initially isolated with hopes to become an antiviral drug but is now primarily used in research to study protein transport. (wikipedia.org)
  • Brefeldin A (BFA) is a protein transport inhibitor commonly used to enhance intracellular cytokine staining signals by blocking transport processes during cell activation. (biolegend.com)
  • Lippincott-Schwartz J, Yuan L, Tipper C, Amherdt M, Orci L, Klausner RD. Brefeldin A's effects on endosomes, lysosomes, and the TGN suggest a general mechanism for regulating organelle structure and membrane traffic. (cellimagelibrary.org)
  • Importantly, patient fibroblasts exhibited a delay in Brefeldin A (BFA) induced retrograde transport, a common characteristic seen in COG deficiencies. (nih.gov)
  • Lippincott-Schwartz J, Donaldson JG, Schweizer A, Berger EG, Hauri HP, Yuan LC, Klausner RD. Microtubule-dependent retrograde transport of proteins into the ER in the presence of brefeldin A suggests an ER recycling pathway. (cellimagelibrary.org)
  • Brefeldin A Solution is supplied as a 1,000X solution, which should be diluted to 1X in cell culture medium. (biolegend.com)
  • Store the Brefeldin A Solution (1,000X) between 2°C and 8°C. Note: DMSO freezes at this temperature. (biolegend.com)
  • The synthesis of 3-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane scaffolds from Brefeldin A. Tetrahedron Letters , 61 , 152006. (otago.ac.nz)
  • 1. New brefeldin A-cinnamic acid ester derivatives as potential antitumor agents: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. (nih.gov)
  • 7. Novel hybrids of brefeldin A and nitrogen mustards with improved antiproliferative selectivity: Design, synthesis and antitumor biological evaluation. (nih.gov)
  • Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were stimulated with (filled histogram) or without (open histogram) Cell Activation Cocktail (without Brefeldin A, Cat. (biolegend.com)
  • Wild-type THP-1 LPS treated (100 ng/ml, 16 h) and Brefeldin A treated (5 µg/ml, 4 h) cell lysate. (abcam.com)
  • IP:THP-1 (treated with 80nM TPA / 100 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide / 300ng/ml Brefeldin A) whole cell lysate. (abcam.com)
  • Flow Cyt (intra): Human PBMC (treated with 50 ng/ml PMA/ 250 ng/ml ionomycon / 300 ng/ml Brefeldin A). (abcam.com)
  • 10. Nitric oxide-releasing derivatives of brefeldin A as potent and highly selective anticancer agents. (nih.gov)
  • Tunicamycin, thapsigargin, or brefeldin A was used to induce ER stress. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Interest in researching brefeldin A was initially lacking due to poor antiviral activity. (wikipedia.org)