Brain stem tumor. Medical search. Frequent questions

The efforts of the Foundation will be to create awareness and raise funds to support pediatric brain tumor research, as well as assisting families impacted by the many struggles associated with pediatric brain tumors. (kyleoc.org)

http://neurosurgery.mgh.harvard.edu/abta/primer.htm[full citation needed] Brainstem Gliomas~treatment at eMedicine Brain stem tumor entry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms This article incorporates public domain material from Dictionary of Cancer Terms. (wikipedia.org)
For many years now, the subventricular zone has been suspected to be the origin of specific malignant brain tumors called gliomas, the most deadly type of which is glioblastoma. (dkfz.de)
Malignant gliomas remain aggressive and lethal primary brain tumors in adults. (oncotarget.com)
Malignant gliomas remain a deadly form of brain cancer with a poor prognosis despite surgery, chemotherapy, and ionizing radiation [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Although the mice the researchers studied were bred to model NF1 optic gliomas, the researchers said the findings could be applied more broadly to other brain tumors . (medicalxpress.com)
Mouse low-grade gliomas contain cancer stem cells with unique molecular and functional properties. (medicalxpress.com)
Tumors in the pons are called pontine gliomas (or diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas, DIPG). (kidshealth.org)
Pontine gliomas are the most common brain stem gliomas, and also the most difficult to treat. (kidshealth.org)
Midbrain tumors may cause eye symptoms similar to pontine gliomas, along with headaches and vomiting. (kidshealth.org)
Because the brain stem is an area of the brain where surgery can be difficult, brain stem gliomas are often treated with radiation therapy (high-energy X-rays that kill cancer cells) and/or chemotherapy . (kidshealth.org)

Researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital have identified several gene mutations responsible for the most common childhood brain tumor, called medulloblastoma, adding evidence to the theory that the diagnosis is a group of genetically distinct cancers with different prognoses. (neurosciencenews.com)
Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children, accounting for up to 25% of primary CNS neoplasms and approximately 50% of all posterior fossa tumors. (medscape.com)
He was diagnosed at age 3 with disseminated medulloblastoma, a type of brain cancer. (cdc.gov)

In the context of brain tumor initiating cells (BTICs), PDX models allow for characterization of tumor formation, growth, and recurrence, in a clinically relevant in vivo system. (mcmaster.ca)
BTICs are a cancer stem cell population that represent a significant disease reservoir believed to play an important role in the formation and recurrence of malignant glioma in humans. (archbiopartners.com)
BTSCs are thought to be responsible for maintaining the bulk of the tumor and to induce recurrence after surgical resection, nevertheless the molecular mechanisms that regulate their migration are not known. (grantome.com)
Extraneural recurrence of an intracranial nongerminomatous germ cell tumor to cervical lymph nodes in a pediatric patient: Case report. (uc.edu)
GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) present in tumors are felt to be highly tumorigenic and responsible for tumor recurrence. (oncotarget.com)

In vitro and in vivo testing of purified BTIC subsets were performed to verify multipotency, self-renewal, and capacity to generate glioblastoma tumors in murine cranial xenotransplantation models. (cns.org)
The finding that both BTIC subsets were present in reproducible proportions across patients, and from both de novo and recurrent tumors, suggest these subpopulations are not differentially affected by current clinical interventions. (cns.org)
Both BTIC subtypes were validated in vitro and in vivo as demonstrating multi-potency, self-renewal, and capacity to generate glioblastoma tumors in murine xenotransplants. (cns.org)
Identification of cell surface markers of distinct BTIC subpopulations will support future study of glioblastoma cancer stem cells, and the potential development of BTIC subpopulation-specific therapeutic strategies. (cns.org)
ACT's proprietary molecules are specialized peptides that identify and target brain tumor initiating cells ("BTIC") and invasive brain cancer cells, two disease reservoirs that are not normally seen using current state of the art diagnostic imaging techniques. (archbiopartners.com)

citation needed] Topotecan has been studied in the treatment of brainstem glioma,[citation needed] otherwise, chemotherapy is probably ineffective, though further study is needed. (wikipedia.org)
While treatments such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy can help ease symptoms for a few months, in most cases tumor cells regrow after treatment and the cancer recurs. (news-medical.net)
She went through several surgeries, 6 rounds of chemotherapy, 12 days of spot radiation to the original tumor site (left adrenal gland), a stem cell rescue (like a bone marrow transplant but with your own cells), and a study treatment which included accutane pills, ch14.18, and IL2 injections. (acco.org)
Despite aggressive treatment with surgery, irradiation and sometimes chemotherapy, tumors invariably recur as incurable lesions. (lu.se)
Mason endured more than 9 months of chemotherapy and stem cell transplants. (cdc.gov)

The lab is creating models to better understand cancer migration and progression, to study invasive cell populations, and to uncover novel therapeutic targets to impact tumor progression. (mayo.edu)
Researchers discover a mechanism that may underpin the progression of glioblastoma brain cancer development. (neurosciencenews.com)
GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) represent a subpopulation of the tumor which is responsible for tumor initiation, progression, and re-growth after chemoradiation [ 5 , 6 ], as well as supporting tumor vessel growth and function [ 7 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Dr. Quinones-Hinojosa's lab has research platforms on novel therapeutics for glioblastoma, cell migration and invasion, cellular therapy, and models of brain and spine cancers, and maintains a human tissue bank. (mayo.edu)
New projects related to aggressive brain cancers include research on nanodrug treatments and magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound for systemic therapy. (mayo.edu)
Tlx also plays an important role in glioblastoma, the most malignant of human brain cancers. (dkfz.de)
When the researchers compared eight different kinds of cancerous tumors, they saw that whether the tumor was, for instance, a breast tumor, lung tumor or colon tumor didn't correlate to how the cancers interacted with a standard anticancer drug. (sciencedaily.com)
The research team analyzed 255 samples of eight different cancers - colon, breast, prostate, ovary, lung, brain, melanoma and lymphoma - and measured the amounts of specific proteins known to influence the effect of irinotecan, a commonly used anticancer agent. (sciencedaily.com)
Malignant tumors contain stem cells, prompting worries among medical experts that the cells' transformative powers help cancers escape treatment. (medicalxpress.com)
Cancers of the brain and nervous system are the most common type of childhood cancer. (kidshealth.org)
There are many different types of brain and nervous system cancers, and doctors categorize them based on where the tumors are, the type of cells involved, and how quickly they grow. (kidshealth.org)
Here are some of the most common types of brain and nervous system cancers. (kidshealth.org)

Brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs), self-renewing multi-potent cells critical for tumor maintenance and growth, are attractive targets of glioblastoma therapy. (cns.org)
Two distinct subsets of BTICs were identified co-existing in human glioblastoma, both in de novo tumors and in recurrent tumors after initial complete surgical resection and chemoradiation. (cns.org)
We previously identified Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) as a novel factor that can support the proliferation and/or survival of NSPCs based on in vitro functional cloning strategy and revealed that MIF can support the proliferation of human brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs). (elsevierpure.com)
Thus, in the present study, we newly identified translationally-controlled tumor protein-1 (TPT1), which is expressed in the ventricular zone of mouse embryonic brain, as a downstream target of MIF signaling in mouse and human NSPCs and human BTICs. (elsevierpure.com)
Using gene manipulation (over or downregulation of TPT1) techniques including CRISPR/Cas9-mediated heterozygous gene disruption showed that TPT1 contributed to the regulation of cell proliferation/survival in mouse NSPCs, human embryonic stem cell (hESC) derived-NSPCs, human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) derived-NSPCs and BTICs. (elsevierpure.com)

As part of the neurosciences research program's ongoing commitment to the development of leading-edge medical science, our laboratories are delving into the study of neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumor therapies, Alzheimer's disease, spinal cord injury and stroke, among many others. (cedars-sinai.edu)
Our lab is interested in transposable elements and how these viral-like sequences influence human brain evolution, neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors and ageing. (lu.se)

The neurosurgery team assesses and decide if surgery is needed, for neoplasms originating in the brain / spinal cord. (albertahealthservices.ca)

Cancer cells often disseminate far from primary tumors and individual glioma cells migrate from the gross tumor into the surrounding parenchyma, making complete surgical resection nearly impossible. (grantome.com)

At the end of 2023, researchers at Lund Stem Cell Center received funding amounting to SEK 77.5 million from the Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Cancer Society, and the Swedish Childhood Cancer Fund. (lu.se)

Projects in the Brain Tumor Stem Cell Research Lab investigate the effect of ion transporters in brain tumor cell migration and the molecular engines that drive tumor invasion. (mayo.edu)
Improved understanding of the underlying cancer biology of this subpopulation of cancer stem cells, thought to drive tumor formation and therapeutic resistance, could potentially lead to improved targeted therapies that prolong patient survival. (cns.org)

Due to its resistance to therapy, glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive cancerous brain tumor in adults. (news-medical.net)
Among all cancerous cells, some act as stem cells that reproduce themselves and sustain the cancer, much like normal stem cells typically renew and sustain our organs and tissues, say the researchers. (news-medical.net)
Using nanoparticles and alternating magnetic fields, University of Georgia scientists have found that head and neck cancerous tumor cells in. (neurosciencenews.com)

Using a molecular-biological trick, the investigators induced an overproduction of Tlx by the brain stem cells of mice. (dkfz.de)
One of the key areas in stem cell research is the identification of factors capable of promoting the expansion of Neural Stem Cell/Progenitor Cells (NSPCs) and understanding their molecular mechanisms for future use in clinical settings. (elsevierpure.com)
Because tumor response can't be predicted from anatomical location, we should start selecting treatments based on what genes and proteins can tell us about how the tumor will respond to a drug," says McLeod, professor of medicine, of genetics, and of molecular biology and pharmacology. (sciencedaily.com)
Understanding glioblastoma at the genetic, molecular level Glioblastoma is the most common and most lethal form of brain tumor in. (neurosciencenews.com)
Using mouse models of glioma and primary human glioma cultures, we aim to characterize phenotypic intratumoral heterogeneity specifically with regards to radiation resistant stem-like tumor cells, the molecular signaling pathways underlying therapeutic resistance, and microenvironmental control over tumor cell phenotypes with the overall goal of developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting therapy-resistant cells in malignant brain tumors. (lu.se)

Still, little is known about differential HIF regulation in stem versus bulk glioma cells. (lu.se)
Our data indicate that the stem cell marker CD44 modulates the hypoxic response of glioma cells and that the pseudo-hypoxic phenotype of stem-like glioma cells is achieved by stabilization of HIF-2α through interaction with CD44, independently of oxygen. (lu.se)

[ 1 ] It is a high-grade (WHO grade IV) embryonal neuroepithelial tumor that arises in the cerebellum and has a tendency to disseminate via the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). (medscape.com)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and devastating intracranial malignant tumor accounts for 20% of all primary brain tumors and has a median survival rate of only 14 months. (grantome.com)
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and devastating primary malignant tumor. (grantome.com)

Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary human brain cancer. (cns.org)
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive primary brain tumors, with a median survival time of about 14.6 months despite maximal therapy 1 . (nature.com)
Until now, stem cells had been identified only in aggressive, fast-growing tumors. (medicalxpress.com)

Researchers in the Brain Tumor Stem Cell Research Lab are investigating the oncostatic effects of melatonin on glioblastoma to improve treatment and provide better quality of life for patients. (mayo.edu)
The same variation in protein levels held true for all of the tumor types the researchers examined. (sciencedaily.com)
The researchers found that, independent of anatomical origin, some tumors had high amounts of irinotecan's cellular target, a protein labeled TOP1, while other tumors had very little. (sciencedaily.com)
McGill University researchers identify proteins that drive cancer stem cells. (news-medical.net)
The researchers discovered that a protein called galectin1 interacts with another protein called HOXA5 to control the genetic programs that drive cancer stem cell behavior. (news-medical.net)
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis are studying how cancer stem cells make tumors harder to kill and are looking for ways to eradicate these treatment-resistant cells. (medicalxpress.com)
By comparing healthy stem cells with stem cells from these brain tumors, the researchers discovered the reasons behind treatment resistance, pointing to new therapeutic strategies. (medicalxpress.com)
Researchers have created a living 3-D model of a brain tumor and its surrounding blood vessels. (neurosciencenews.com)
At Lund Stem Cell Center, researchers are using innovative approaches to advance the field, offering exciting possibilities for the future. (lu.se)

The topics covered include nuclear reprogramming, regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, the stem cell niche, and signaling and gene regulation in stem cells. (cshlpress.com)

A brain stem tumor is a tumor in the part of the brain that connects to the spinal cord (the brain stem). (wikipedia.org)
Cerebrospinal fluid is a clear, colorless liquid that delivers nutrients to the brain and spinal cord and "cushions" them for protection. (kidshealth.org)
All of these tumors can metastasize (spread) through the cerebrospinal fluid that surrounds the brain and the spinal cord. (kidshealth.org)
impaired epiphyseal bone growth, resulting in shortened, malformed bones) sometimes causes the foramen magnum to narrow or fuse with the atlas and thus may compress the spinal cord or brain stem. (msdmanuals.com)

Organotypic distribution of stem cell markers in formalin-fixed brain harboring glioblastoma multiforme. (nih.gov)
New research from the University of Wisconsin-Madison explains why the incurable brain cancer, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is highly resistant to. (neurosciencenews.com)
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) the highest-grade glioma and deadliest brain tumor occurs in pediatric as well as adult patients. (lu.se)

This is where neural or brain stem cells reside, which are responsible for generating new neurons if needed. (dkfz.de)
Fresh human glioblastoma tumors obtained directly from neurosurgical resections were immediately dissociated and passaged in neural stem cell media to enrich the subpopulation of tumor cells with stem-like properties. (cns.org)
Cellular composition and cytoarchitecture of the adult human subventricular zone: a niche of neural stem cells. (nih.gov)
In adults, levels of GDF11, a gene that is key to the regeneration of murine neural stem cells, are inversely related to depressive episodes. (neurosciencenews.com)

The Brain Tumor Stem Cell Research Lab studies genetic controls and mediators of tumor growth, invasion, and migration to understand how tumors move into the healthy brain. (mayo.edu)
Through their efforts, we are gaining a better understanding of cancer formation and developing diagnostic tools for early detection, while also exploring ways to prevent tumor growth and much more. (lu.se)
He was wobbly from his tumor growth and puffy from steroids. (cdc.gov)

Dr. Quinones-Hinojosa's lab is evaluating the efficacy of a gel for administering human fat-derived mesenchymal stem cells within the brain cancer resection cavity during surgery. (mayo.edu)
Highly invasive GBM cells are known to infiltrate the surrounding normal brain, making complete resection impossible [ 3 , 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
After grueling treatments and therapies, she underwent a tumor resection in Mayo Clinic. (acco.org)

Ependymoma Presenting as a -Rim-Enhancing Lesion in the Brainstem. (nih.gov)

Treatment choice would be determined by how each patient's tumor reacts to anticancer drugs, regardless of the tumor's anatomical origin. (sciencedaily.com)
The low-grade brain cancer stem cells identified by the scientists also were less sensitive to anticancer drugs. (medicalxpress.com)

Review of Conventional and High Dose Rate Brain Radiation (FLASH): Neurobehavioural, Neurocognitive and Assessment Issues in Rodent Models. (uc.edu)
By supressing galectin1 in preclinical models, they found a significant improvement in tumor response to radiation therapy, resulting in expanded lifespan. (news-medical.net)
The findings provide evidence that targeting galectin1 protein, in combination with radiation therapy, can pave the way for future clinical trials to treat glioblastoma tumors. (news-medical.net)

Their findings suggest that traditional cancer treatments - which have established different drug regimens for brain, prostate or ovarian cancer, for example - should eventually be replaced with therapies that use drugs deemed to be of highest benefit based on the tumor's pharmacologic profile. (sciencedaily.com)

Based on presentations by world-renowned investigators at the 73rd annual Cold Spring Harbor Symposium on Quantitative Biology, this volume reviews the latest advances in research on the control and regulation of stem cells. (cshlpress.com)
Visit the Brain Tumor Biology groups research portal via this link. (lu.se)

Discovery could pave the way to developing new treatments to target glioblastoma brain cancer. (neurosciencenews.com)
Because stem cells haven't differentiated into specialized cells, they can easily activate genes to turn on new developmental programs that allow the cells to survive cancer treatments," said Gutmann, who directs the Washington University Neurofibromatosis Center. (medicalxpress.com)
Based on these new findings, we will have to develop additional strategies to keep these tumors from evading our best treatments. (medicalxpress.com)
We hope that this new method will foster a culture of proactive health management and shift the paradigm towards preventive care, in addition to paving the way for more effective treatments," says Sandra Linstedt, research group leader at Lund Stem Cell Center. (lu.se)

Tumor cells with stem cell characteristics are thought to be responsible for therapeutic resistance in brain tumors. (lu.se)

The brain stem, located deep in the back of the brain, is made up of the midbrain, pons, and medulla. (kidshealth.org)

Scientists have discovered genetic mutations in brain tumors that alter brain tumor metabolism. (neurosciencenews.com)
But the same genetic deficit had no effect on stem cells from another brain region. (neurosciencenews.com)
People with neurofibromatosis type 1 (a genetic condition that causes tumors to grow on nerve tissue) have an increased risk of developing them. (kidshealth.org)
A Gradual Transition Toward Anaplasia in Wilms Tumor Through Tolerance to Genetic Damage. (lu.se)

Resolving the Pathogenesis of Anaplastic Wilms Tumors through Spatial Mapping of Cancer Cell Evolution. (lu.se)

Tumors in the midbrain and medulla are less common, but usually easier to treat. (kidshealth.org)
Tumors of the medulla cause swallowing problems and limb weakness. (kidshealth.org)

Scientists from the German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) have now shown for the first time that malignant brain tumors arise directly from brain stem cells. (dkfz.de)
Scientists from the divisions of Professor Dr. G nther Sch tz and Professor Dr. Peter Lichter at the German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ) have recently shown in mouse brains that brain stem cells in the subventricular zone are characterized by a specific molecule: Protein Tlx, a transcription factor, which stimulates the activity of various genes. (dkfz.de)

As a result, cell division activity in the subventricular zone increased, the cells left their habitual environment called stem cell niche, and started forming glioblastoma-like tissue lesions. (dkfz.de)

2021) Transcriptional control of brain tumor stem cells by a carbohydrate binding protein. (news-medical.net)

Several avenues of investigation are being explored in Dr. Quinones-Hinojosa's Brain Tumor Stem Cell Research Laboratory at Mayo Clinic. (mayo.edu)
The Brain Tumor Stem Cell Research Laboratory has created a human tissue bank to preserve tissue and cell cultures for use in present and future experiments. (mayo.edu)
First author Yi-Hsien Chen, PhD, a senior postdoctoral research associate in Gutmann's laboratory, used a mouse model of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) low-grade brain tumors to identify cancer stem cells and demonstrate that they could form tumors when transplanted into normal, cancer-free mice. (medicalxpress.com)
In laboratory tests conducted as part of the new research, it took 10 times the dosage of these drugs to kill the low-grade cancer stem cells. (medicalxpress.com)

The Brain Tumor Stem Cell Research Lab at Mayo Clinic engineers human mesenchymal stem cells with nanotechnology to serve as Trojan horses for the treatment of cancer. (mayo.edu)

For tumors involving the bone or the scalp, a neuroplastic surgeon can assist with creating personalized implants - designed specifically for you - to help replace removed bone to prevent visible deformity and social stigma. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The condition can cause an array of problems, including brain tumors, impaired vision, learning disabilities, behavioral problems, heart defects and bone deformities. (medicalxpress.com)
Craniocervical junction abnormalities are congenital or acquired abnormalities of the occipital bone, foramen magnum, or first two cervical vertebrae that decrease the space for the lower brain stem and cervical cord. (msdmanuals.com)

Convection enhanced delivery (CED), an innovative technique that directly infuses a therapeutic agent into a brain tumor through a cannula, bypassing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), is safe and feasible for treating diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), according to our experience to date in an ongoing phase I clinical trial at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK). (mskcc.org)

In the adult brain, the Tlx protein is responsible for generating new neurons from tissue stem cells. (dkfz.de)
A study in mice reveals it is possible to regenerate stem cells of the nasal tissue. (neurosciencenews.com)

Scientists showed in mice that disabling a gene linked to a common pediatric tumor disorder, neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), made stem cells from one part of the brain proliferate rapidly. (neurosciencenews.com)

A finding indicating the presence of an ependymal tumor in a brain ventricle and the brain stem. (nih.gov)

Anatomy48

Organisms13

Diseases70

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Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment52

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

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20231

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