Brain region. Medical search. Frequent questions

Next, instead of focusing on just one biological property of the brain - architecture, function, connectivity or topography - the researchers combined all four criteria to draw border lines around each "country" within the cortex. (wtkr.com)
WIKIMEDIA, BOGDAN GIUSCA Heavy pot smokers, especially those who began using the drug in their early teens, may experience substantive alterations in brain structure, according to researchers in Texas and New Mexico. (the-scientist.com)
But the researchers also found that the altered brains of users seemed to compensate for orbitofronal cortex shrinkage by increases in white matter, which may improve connectivity within other brain regions. (the-scientist.com)
In a new paper published online in advance of print, researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine expand and deepen that understanding, identifying specific regions of the brain that drive, influence and moderate depressive mood and its relationship to perceiving physical pain. (ucsd.edu)
Then, the researchers used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to scan the participants' brains. (integratedlistening.com)
Drawing on the world-class UCLA Brain Mapping Center's experience in processing and analysing challenging brain data, such as these very young brains represented, the researchers could see the brain's anatomy and which areas of the brain were active during specific times. (uclahealth.org)
Structural MRI allows researchers to see the physical connections between brain cells, while functional MRI reveals which regions of the brain are active during a task. (uclahealth.org)
The Cambridge researchers found that brain damage affecting the insula - an area of the brain linked to emotion - makes people more likely to quit while they are ahead rather than continue gambling. (promises.com)
Cornell University researchers have proven that the capacity for learning in birds is not linked to overall brain size, but to the relative size and proportion of their specific brain regions. (phys.org)
The complex, neuromorphic - or brain-like -devices the researchers have created are placed upon small, rectangular chips, about an inch wide. (ucf.edu)
The team's advancements allow for parallelism and in-memory computing, similar to the brain, that's required for AI and unsupervised learning, the researchers say. (ucf.edu)
Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory are studying how alcohol consumption affects brain volume. (scitechdaily.com)
The major question for researchers is: What happens in the brain to cause this generalized fear? (nprc.org)
The researchers set out to determine whether age-related tau deposits could be detected in cognitively normal older adults, and whether tau was associated with shrinking brain volume and a decline in performance on cognitive tests. (nih.gov)
The researchers used a PET scanner and a radioactive tracer known as 18 F-AV-1451 to detect tau tangles and an MRI scanner to assess brain volumes over about seven years. (nih.gov)
Because the data were obtained from a long-term study, the researchers could analyze decline over time in brain imaging results and cognitive test results. (nih.gov)
The researchers observed that a higher uptake of 18 F-AV-1451 tracer in the region of the brain known as the entorhinal cortex, an important area involved in memory, was linked to lower brain volume in the same area. (nih.gov)
Researchers report executive control efforts in the brain decrease when salience and reward-processing regions are engaged in teens with obesity. (neurosciencenews.com)
The registry could prove to be an invaluable resource to researchers interested in specific parts of the brain, including those implicated in autism. (spectrumnews.org)
Researchers in Hong Kong recently completed a study to improve targeting and effectiveness for low-intensity ultrasound neuromodulation of the small animal brain. (fusfoundation.org)
Building on recent work , researchers including Danny Winder , director of the Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research have developed a clear picture of how particular circuitry in the brain may be involved in drug- and alcohol-seeking behavior. (vanderbilt.edu)
The researchers used light sheet microscopy, a technique that enables rapid and three-dimensional imaging of the entire brain, to review every part of the brain that connects to the BNST circuit. (vanderbilt.edu)
Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) researchers have determined that a small region of the hippocampus known as CA2 is essential for social memory, the ability of an animal to recognize another of the same species. (technologynetworks.com)
These very localized brain injuries allow researchers "to draw inferences about how specific brain structures are necessary for performance. (mindsparke.com)
People who have long COVID and experience anxiety and depression following a mild infection may have brain changes that affect its structure and function, Brazilian researchers reported yesterday at the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) annual meeting in Boston. (umn.edu)

The data revealed that the prefrontal cortex - a region of the brain that manages higher level executive functions like cognition, memory and behavior - also moderated pain perception, along with sensory discrimination areas, such as the secondary somatosensory cortex and posterior insula. (ucsd.edu)
In addition, a relative increase in brain activity in areas associated with reward, including the putamen, nucleus accumbens, thalamus, insula, and prefrontal cortex in response to food stimuli, was observed. (nih.gov)
In regions of the brain that modulate affect (mood), such as the prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex, elevations in MAO-A binding are associated with depressive episodes. (sciencedaily.com)
The main hypothesis of this study," the authors explain, "is that MAO-A binding increases during acute cigarette withdrawal in regions implicated in affect regulation, such as the prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex. (sciencedaily.com)
Previous research has focused on the amygdala, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, all brain regions that monitor and detect threatening stimuli. (nprc.org)
Adolescents with obesity compared with those with lean weight showed lower connectivity between SN (medial orbitofrontal cortex) and EFN (ventrolateral prefrontal cortex) regions. (neurosciencenews.com)
Led by Craig Weiss, PhD, research associate professor in Physiology , investigators determined that a sub-region of the prefrontal cortex is activated in learning a conditioned response. (northwestern.edu)
Using electrodes, we recorded the responses of many neurons simultaneously to discover what regions of the prefrontal cortex are activated during this learning process. (northwestern.edu)
The lab previously discovered that another part of the prefrontal cortex, the caudal anterior cingulate (cACC), is extremely responsive during the first few learning sessions, suggesting that this part of the brain is involved in attention. (northwestern.edu)

By carefully positioning their light-delivery system, they were able to selectively target this projection, so that it alone was activated when light was pulsed into the mice's brains. (stanford.edu)
Review of the neural activity in the mice's brains revealed the ZI was less active in mice that showed fear generalization, and stimulating specific cells in the ZI dramatically reduced fear generalization. (nprc.org)

The FMRI images showed a striking contrast between the Pokémon experts, whose brains' lit up in a specific subregion, and novices, whose brains remained mostly inactive in the same area. (sciencefriday.com)
A Pittsburgh group has created a comprehensive database of brain scans and other medical and demographic data from nearly 800 individuals whose brains have been injured by strokes. (spectrumnews.org)

PET showed win- and loss-related activations in the paracingulate cortex, temporal poles, precuneus and hippocampus under active DBS, brain areas that have been implicated in action monitoring and behavioral control. (nih.gov)
Those with obesity also showed lower connectivity between SN (amygdala, caudate) and DMN (parahippocampus, hippocampus, precuneus) regions. (neurosciencenews.com)
Testing revealed the treatment to be dose-dependent, repeatable, reversible, and capable of reaching the hippocampus, a deep-seated region of the brain. (fusfoundation.org)
However, the role of CA2, a relatively small region of the hippocampus sandwiched between CA3 and CA1, has remained largely unknown," said senior author Steven A. Siegelbaum, PhD, professor of neuroscience and pharmacology, chair of the Department of Neuroscience, a member of the Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute and Kavli Institute for Brain Science, and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator. (technologynetworks.com)
Additionally, the cell membrane N-glycome of three functional regions of the forebrain and hindbrain , the cerebral cortex , hippocampus , and cerebellum , was characterized. (bvsalud.org)

Exactly how the brain creates these neural encodings is still a mystery, they said, but it is the beginning of understanding what the brain is doing when a person reads. (medicalnewstoday.com)
This kind of parallel processing in our neural wiring might explain why humans are capable of highly sophisticated language that allows us to share information, express and perceive emotion, and tell memorable stories," said Strick, who also is scientific director of Pitt's Brain Institute. (sciencedaily.com)
We found that SOX9 is almost exclusively expressed by astrocytes in the adult brain except for ependymal cells and in the neurogenic regions, where SOX9 is also expressed by neural progenitor cells. (jneurosci.org)
A new method for analyzing neural dynamics reveals that two regions involved in movement exhibit different patterns of activity, suggesting they perform different computations. (simonsfoundation.org)
Series of de-lipidated ("cleared") mouse brains imaged using light sheet microscopy to reveal neural circuits marked by viral tracing strategies. (vanderbilt.edu)

The damage to the brains, whether it came from strokes or tumors, disrupted the errors in thinking found in a healthy brain that contribute to compulsive gambling . (promises.com)
For this reason, true pineal cell tumors are quite different from other brain tumors. (brain-surgery.com)
Thus, the tumors of the astrocyte support cells of the pineal region are the same as the astrocytomas and GBM . (brain-surgery.com)
This is done because some of these tumors will "seed" down from the brain into the spinal canal. (brain-surgery.com)
At the time, he was investigating how to ablate tumors in very deep brain structures without overheating the skull or damaging the brain and nerves around it. (healthworkscollective.com)
Brain tumors and other disorders are ideal targets for a noninvasive technique like FUS. (healthworkscollective.com)
SV40 Early Region and Large T Antigen in Human Brain Tumors, Peripheral Blood Cells, and Sperm Fluids from Healthy Individuals. (aacrjournals.org)

Carnegie Mellon University scientists used a chapter of that book to learn a different lesson: identifying what different regions of the brain are doing when people read. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The team of scientists used MRI to measure the brains of 48 regular marijuana users who started smoking the drug between age 14 and 30. (the-scientist.com)
Scientists studied the brain activity of school-aged children during development and found that regions that activated upon seeing limbs (hands, legs, etc.) subsequently activated upon seeing faces or words when the children grew older. (nih.gov)
The research, by scientists at Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, reveals new insights about vision development in the brain and could help inform prevention and treatment strategies for learning disorders. (nih.gov)
The investigators were able to pinpoint this particular circuit only by working with a state-of-the-art technology called optogenetics, pioneered by Deisseroth at Stanford, which allows brain scientists to tease apart the complex circuits that compose the brain so these can be studied one by one. (stanford.edu)
Moreover, by delivering pulses of light via optical fibers to specific brain areas, scientists can target not only particular nerve-cell types but also particular cell-to-cell connections or nervous pathways leading from one brain region to another. (stanford.edu)
The scientists used MRI data mapped onto an existing atlas of the mouse brain to compare the effects of drinking ethanol and water on brain volume overall and region-by-region in mice with and without dopamine D2 receptors. (scitechdaily.com)
Scientists at the YNPRC mapped and manipulated brain activity in the ZI of mice that demonstrated fear toward neutral stimuli of which they should not have been fearful. (nprc.org)
Johnson told IFLScience the vagus nerve , which connects the gut to the brain, has been the subject of research and is considered a key player, although it is not always involved, while scientists also suspect an immune response. (iflscience.com)
Using an extraordinary group of volunteers with highly localized brain injuries suffered while serving in Vietnam, scientists have been able to create a map of the specific brain regions involved in intelligence. (mindsparke.com)
Creating a matrix of about 3,000 three-dimensional brain regions the scientists mapped functions against regions. (mindsparke.com)
Through this process, scientists can directly measure activity from a specific population of cells or neurochemicals within a specified location of the brain. (psychreg.org)
The study, done in collaboration between Lawson Health Research Institute and Western University's Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, involves scientists looking at a form of treatment called deep brain reorienting (DBR) for PTSD sufferers. (globalnews.ca)
Northwestern Medicine scientists have identified a region of the brain associated with the recollection of long-term memories. (northwestern.edu)
After conditioning the animals, the scientists waited 30 days and monitored brain activity when the rabbits recalled that a whisker tap predicted the air puff. (northwestern.edu)

To test this theory, Jesse took FMRI images of the brains of adults (including himself) who had played the Pokémon game as kids and brain images of those who had no experience with the game. (sciencefriday.com)
The main purpose of our study was to observe whether there are abnormal functional changes in brain regions in patients with CSP by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). (iasp-pain.org)
To address this knowledge gap, a research team led by Ian Shih, PhD, professor and vice chair of the Department of Neurology and associate director of the Biomedical Research Imaging Center, has created a novel experimental platform that is able to optically record local neuronal activity during brain-wide fMRI in rodents. (psychreg.org)
This allowed us to record neuronal activity in multiple DMN-related brain regions by detecting changes in fluorescence via optical fibres without interfering with the measurement of fMRI signals. (psychreg.org)

Ironically, the anti-anxiety circuit is nestled within a brain structure, the amygdala, long known to be associated with fear. (stanford.edu)
however, they showed lower connectivity between the amygdala and SN regions (nucleus accumbens, thalamus, putamen). (neurosciencenews.com)
They derived a control network for the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, a part of a larger brain region sometimes called the extended amygdala. (vanderbilt.edu)

Infants' brains respond differently to different emotions, with fearful faces inducing the most widespread network activity from as young as 5 months old (Catherine Stamoulis, abstract 678.09, see attached summary). (sfn.org)
The international team established a method for imaging the brains of sleeping infants using MRI. (uclahealth.org)
This study compared the activity patterns in the resting brain with the structural network and looked for differences between the alcohol-exposed infants and their unexposed counterparts. (uclahealth.org)

Its cells, or neurons, send branch-like axons throughout much of the brain and help regulate blood vessel activity. (eurekalert.org)
And just like our ability to distinguish between faces or words or numbers, which all have been shown to have a dedicated spot inside your brain, your brain looked at all these little Pokemon and dedicated a spot, a little section of neurons, that activates and becomes energized when you see these Pokemon so that you can easily identify them and get your little dopamine fix by winning the game. (sciencefriday.com)
Technology does not yet allow us to trace every instance of individual neurons speaking to each other, but it is possible to untangle the connections between regions, which reveals how the brain processes information. (wtkr.com)
The cells of the pineal gland are unique in that they are not related to either the support cells of the brain (e.g. astrocytes) nor to the brain neurons. (brain-surgery.com)
And activity of individual neurons in both brain areas looks broadly similar during reaching. (simonsfoundation.org)

Each has a unique microstructural architecture (including thickness of the cortex), plus a unique pattern of activity and connectivity with other brain areas. (wtkr.com)
Long-term marijuana smokers have less gray matter in their orbitofrontal cortex than nonsmokers, but other brain circuits may compensate by increasing connectivity. (the-scientist.com)
Obesity risk in teens appears to be associated with stronger connectivity within and between regions of the brain implicated in determining the salience of stimuli. (neurosciencenews.com)
Obesity appears to be related to stronger connectivity within and between regions implicated in determining the salience of stimuli, which may have implications for reward processing. (neurosciencenews.com)
Lower connectivity between salience network and executive function network regions may suggest that executive-control efforts are going "off-line" when salience and reward-processing regions are engaged in adolescents who have obesity. (neurosciencenews.com)

Depression is linked to diminished activity in parts of the brain believed to regulate mood, which previous research suggests may explain why depressed persons display an lessened ability to govern their ruminative thought process. (ucsd.edu)
A tendency to dread social situations may be explained by structural differences in brain regions that regulate emotion, attention, and perception, a finding that could help in developing therapies for social anxiety (Bonni Crawford, abstract 268.06, see attached summary). (sfn.org)
The results reveal that the volume of the region, located in the frontal lobe, was correlated to an individual's self-reported ability to regulate his or her emotions . (integratedlistening.com)
Could This Obscure Brain Region Regulate PTSD Symptoms? (nprc.org)

The exception was the group that had suffered injuries to the insula region of their brains. (promises.com)
The insula is responsible for several important functions in the brain, including processing our five senses, controlling hand-eye coordination, and self-awareness. (psychreg.org)

Instead, several cortical regions send signals to laryngeal muscles to create greater vocal finesse in some nonhuman primates. (sciencedaily.com)
Conventional decoding techniques aim to distinguish different brain states with maximal accuracy, while the brain signals used for decoding may arise from widely distributed cortical regions. (embs.org)
Today, a number of emerging applications suggest a strong need to re-visit this conventional strategy as these applications require decoding brain states by signals from pre-specified cortical regions. (embs.org)
For this reason, we need a new tool to extract the discriminant information from pre-specified cortical regions for brain decoding while suppressing irrelevant signals originating from other cortical areas. (embs.org)
It may be used to train a target cortex during neurorehabilitation, study the functional roles of different cortical regions, or assist pre-surgical localization for patients with neurological disorders. (embs.org)

Melatonin levels are what directly influence the function of various brain centers (appetite, sleep, the hypothalamus, and pituitary gland). (brain-surgery.com)
ADH is a substance produced naturally in an area of the brain called the hypothalamus . (medlineplus.gov)
We show that SIRT1 expression is increased in HD-affected brain regions and that metabolic pathways are altered in the HD hypothalamus. (lu.se)

A new 21st Century map of the human brain contains 180 distinct areas in each hemisphere, including 97 previously undiscovered territories, research published Wednesday in the journal Nature revealed. (wtkr.com)
Most of the new areas are in regions we associate with higher cognitive function," he said. (wtkr.com)
The new map identifies 180 areas for each hemisphere, including 97 new territories along with 83 previously known regions. (wtkr.com)
The newly identified areas mainly reside in regions of higher cognitive function, Van Essen explained. (wtkr.com)
Writing in the journal PAIN , a team headed by senior author Fadel Zeidan, PhD, assistant professor of anesthesiology at UC San Diego School of Medicine, with colleagues in North Carolina and Ohio, found both executive function regions of the brain and areas monitoring sensory input were involved in both pain and negative mood, both high and low levels. (ucsd.edu)
In contrast, older research approaches involve probing brain areas with electrodes to stimulate nerve cell firing. (stanford.edu)
These children may have altered brain structure in certain areas, and although that is suggestive, brain volume itself doesn't always directly indicate functional changes. (uclahealth.org)
We show here that SOX9 is an astrocyte-specific nuclear marker in all major areas of the CNS outside of the neurogenic regions. (jneurosci.org)
Dr. Clark and his team conducted their research with the assistance of study subjects who were all suffering from injuries to specific areas of the brain. (promises.com)
Higher brain areas control the majority of cognitive and learning functions, while lower brain areas control more motor functions , according to the new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences . (phys.org)
In bird species with great capacities for song learning, higher brain areas likely became built up over lower areas as a result of sexual selection, he said, where females mated with males that had more elaborate songs. (phys.org)
Repeated over millions of generations, the structure of the brains of these species changed such that higher brain areas became larger relative to lower areas. (phys.org)
Humans are able to speak and to set and achieve complex goals because of prolonged development of higher brain areas, such as the cortex and frontal cortex in particular. (phys.org)
These areas of the brain are the last to mature and do not fully develop until humans are in their early 20s, DeVoogd said. (phys.org)
They then examined and measured the brain areas . (phys.org)
To understand why ERα silencing in different areas of the brain had varying effects, the team examined MeA cells. (medicalxpress.com)
Areas of interest: The Western Pennsylvania Patient Registry has collected brain scans from stroke victims who have damage to specific areas of their brain. (spectrumnews.org)
We are trying to expand the areas in the brain that can be targeted by FUS. (healthworkscollective.com)
Antibiotics interfere with the development of the areas of the mouse brain that control sociability, and may do the same for humans. (iflscience.com)
Large doses of antibiotics interfere with the development of areas of the mouse brain important for social interactions, probably by wiping out gut bacteria. (iflscience.com)
In addition, the brain regions involved in forward thinking, impulse-control and other aspects of executive processing overlap significantly with regions key to general intelligence, further evidence that intelligence involves very specific brain areas working closely together. (mindsparke.com)
But the reality is that many brain areas activate and deactivate together during behaviour and cognition , and form large-scale brain networks, much like a team. (psychreg.org)
Region-Specific Cell Membrane N-Glycome of Functional Mouse Brain Areas Revealed by nanoLC-MS Analysis. (bvsalud.org)
In this work , we used a well-established cell surface glycomic nanoLC-Chip-Q-TOF platform developed in our laboratory to characterize the N-glycome of membrane fractions enriched in cell surface glycoproteins obtained from specific functional brain areas. (bvsalud.org)
This study presents a comprehensive spatial distribution of the cell - membrane enriched N-glycomes associated with five discrete anatomical and functional brain areas, providing evidence for the presence of a previously unknown brain glyco- architecture . (bvsalud.org)
The region-specific molecular glyco fingerprints identified here will enable a better understanding of the critical biological roles that N- glycans play in the specialized functional brain areas in health and disease . (bvsalud.org)

The cerebral cortex is an outer layer of brain tissue. (wtkr.com)
A limitation of the study is that the 18 F-AV-1451 tracer, while good for detecting deposits of tau in brain tissue, may also be taken up by tissue components other than tau. (nih.gov)
Pantomics Array Description: Nervous system glioma tissue array, 48 cases in duplicates, including 3 normal brain tissues and 45 gliomas of various grades and. (delos.info)
Building on research performed by others, McDannold and his collaborator, Natalia Vykhodtseva, PhD, demonstrated that brain tissue could be ablated without any heat using low power focused ultrasound pulses to activate microbubbles injected into the circulation. (healthworkscollective.com)
We tested for DE between HD and normal tissue in each brain region. (myexperiment.org)
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions were used to assess levels of SIRT1-3 and downstream targets in post mortem brain tissue from HD patients and control cases as well as after selective hypothalamic expression of mutant huntingtin (HTT) using recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors in mice. (lu.se)

Understanding how these mechanisms influence social behavior may provide new treatment strategies for autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and anxiety disorders, according to research presented today at Neuroscience 2016 , the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience and the world's largest source of emerging news about brain science and health. (sfn.org)
The fiber-optic hookup is both flexible and pain-free, so experimental animals' actual behavior as well as their brain activity can be monitored. (stanford.edu)
Our work is the first to demonstrate a basic principle of evolution using a specific behavior having greater cortical control of brain function gives greater behavioral flexibility, including enhanced learning. (phys.org)
We are beginning to see now how the motor cortex inputs impact brain circuits involved in potential relapse to drug- and alcohol-seeking behavior," said Winder, also Bixler-Johnson-Mayes Professor of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Pharmacology, and Psychiatry. (vanderbilt.edu)
Additional funding was provided by the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation . (vanderbilt.edu)
The most impressive result from this paper is that the prelimbic region had this robust activity when we looked at it 30 days after the behavior was learned," Weiss said. (northwestern.edu)
Although brain function and behavior are known to be regulated by the N- glycosylation state of numerous cell surface glycoproteins , our current understanding of brain glycosylation is limited, and glycan variations associated with functional brain regions remain largely unknown. (bvsalud.org)
Effects of an organophosphate (dichlorvos) on open field behavior and locomotor activity: correlation with regional brain monoamine levels. (cdc.gov)

A critical but vulnerable region in the brain appears to be the first place affected by late onset Alzheimer's disease and may be more important for maintaining cognitive function in later life than previously appreciated, according to a new review of the scientific literature. (eurekalert.org)
Mather, Professor of Gerontology and Psychology at the University of Southern California Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, added that the locus coeruleus is the first brain region to show tau pathology -- the slow-spreading tangles of protein that can later become telltale signs of Alzheimer's disease. (eurekalert.org)
Abnormal tangles of the protein tau, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, may be linked with early changes in memory and smaller brain volume in adults over 60 who are cognitively normal. (nih.gov)
The presence of amyloid plaques is another measurable change in the brain related to Alzheimer's. (nih.gov)
Numerous brain disorders, including Alzheimer's, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and mood disorders, have been linked to issues with DMN. (psychreg.org)

Alcohol-drinking mice that lacked dopamine receptors had lower overall brain volume and reduced volume in the cerebral cortex (blue) and thalamus (purple) compared with D2 receptor-deficient mice drinking water. (scitechdaily.com)
The scans showed that chronic alcohol drinking induced significant overall brain atrophy and specific shrinkage of the cerebral cortex and thalamus in the mice that lacked dopamine D2 receptors, but not in mice with normal receptor levels. (scitechdaily.com)
We show that mRNA levels of the metabolic regulator SIRT1 are increased in the striatum and the cerebral cortex but not in the less affected cerebellum in post mortem HD brains. (lu.se)

Their recently published research on mice shows that significant quantities of alcohol can cause serious shrinkage in some brain regions when lacking dopamine D2 receptors and that DRD2 may play a protective role against alcohol-induced brain damage. (scitechdaily.com)
Brain scans of two strains of mice imbibing significant quantities of alcohol reveal serious shrinkage in some brain regions - but only in mice lacking a particular type of receptor for dopamine, the brain's "reward" chemical. (scitechdaily.com)
However, the brain scans of COVID patient who had no anxiety and depression, as well as those who didn't experience COVID, revealed no signs of shrinkage. (umn.edu)

Yes, those critters from the popular Japanese anime and games can activate a certain region of the visual cortex, and now neuroscientists are using them as a window into how the brain works. (sciencefriday.com)
Neuroscientists are becoming more interested in these large-scale networks as they learn that certain cognitive tasks are dependent upon "functionally connected" brain regions. (psychreg.org)

Alcohol-drinking mice with dopamine receptors did not show these deficits in response to drinking alcohol, suggesting that dopamine receptors may be protective against the brain atrophy associated with chronic drinking. (scitechdaily.com)
The current study specifically explored how alcohol consumption affects brain volume - overall and region-by-region - in normal mice and a strain of mice that lack the gene for dopamine D2 receptors. (scitechdaily.com)
This pattern of brain damage mimics a unique aspect of brain pathology observed in human alcoholics, so this research extends the validity of using these mice as a model for studying human alcoholism," Thanos said. (scitechdaily.com)
The fact that only mice that lacked dopamine D2 receptors experienced brain damage in this study suggests that DRD2 may be protective against brain atrophy from chronic alcohol exposure," Thanos said. (scitechdaily.com)
A research team led by Dr. Sonoko Ogawa at the University of Tsukuba showed that activation of an estrogen receptor in a region of the limbic system during the pubertal period is needed for adult mice to express typical male social behaviors. (medicalxpress.com)
We did find an immune marker was depleted in certain brain regions [of the mice given antibiotics]," Johnson told IFLScience. (iflscience.com)
The situation is further complicated by Johnson's observation that, while the same parts of the brain were perturbed in germ-free mice and those given antibiotics, the changes were in opposite directions. (iflscience.com)
In our experiment, however, mice with an inactivated CA2 region showed no preference for a novel mouse versus a previously encountered mouse, indicating a lack of social memory. (technologynetworks.com)
We report the cell membrane N-glycome of two major developmental divisions of mice brain with specific and distinctive functions, namely the forebrain and hindbrain . (bvsalud.org)

Hence, it is extremely important to isolate the brain signals from the visual cortex and use only signals from the motor cortex for decoding. (embs.org)
Someone who suffers a stroke in the motor cortex, a brain area essential for movement, often ends up partially paralyzed. (simonsfoundation.org)
The motor cortex in the brain plays a major role in virtually every move we make and affects other aspects of our lives in unexpected ways. (vanderbilt.edu)
For example, we can't tickle ourselves because this part of our brain tells us that skin is about to be touched, we have a smooth visual field because the motor cortex tells the occipital cortex that our eyes are moving and anticipates where we're going to look next. (vanderbilt.edu)

A complementary study by Wehbe and Mitchell, presented earlier this fall at the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to record brain activity in subjects reading Harry Potter. (medicalnewstoday.com)
We have taken our closest look at the activity of a tiny brain region thought to be involved in the human circadian clock. (newscientist.com)
Seeing an area of unusual thickness of myelin (insulation for nerve cells) or a hotspot of connection activity, they would align all the brains according to that feature. (wtkr.com)
Stimulation of a distinct brain circuit that lies within a brain structure typically associated with fearfulness produces the opposite effect: Its activity, instead of triggering or increasing anxiety, counters it. (stanford.edu)
Most current anti-anxiety medications work by suppressing activity in the brain circuitry that generates anxiety or increases anxiety levels. (stanford.edu)
To resolve this conundrum, Churchland and his collaborator John Cunningham , also an SCGB investigator at Columbia, decided to compare the activity of populations of cells in the two regions. (simonsfoundation.org)
They found that when a monkey reaches, population activity in this region exhibits a rhythmic, rotating pattern. (simonsfoundation.org)
Whereas exercise might have positive impact on sobriety, other motor activity may coordinate with inputs to this region of the brain that have an adverse effect. (vanderbilt.edu)
The study , which was published in the journal Science Advances , examined the dynamic activity of DMN-related brain regions and analysed them with a variety of computational approaches. (psychreg.org)
However, it is challenging to obtain the neuronal data necessary to understand dynamic DMN activity in human subjects, so Shih and team turned to an animal model to study the network, in which putative DMN-related brain regions have been identified. (psychreg.org)
The activity in this part of the brain was not present during the initial learning and it's not there in the controls, meaning its highlighting some aspect of the memory process. (northwestern.edu)
Testing with software that tracks brain activity of the three groups found that the COVID patients with anxiety and depression had widespread functional changes in all 12 networks. (umn.edu)

Levels of dopamine, norepinephrine & 5-hydroxytryptamine in different regions of rat brain & spinal cord following chronic administration of organophosphate pesticide dichlorvos. (cdc.gov)
Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and the spinal cord. (who.int)

HVC (formerly, hyperstriatum ventrale, pars caudalis (HVc), and high vocal center) is a nucleus in the brain of the songbirds (order passeriformes) necessary for both the learning and the production of bird song. (wikipedia.org)
Songbirds with upper brain regions that are larger in relation to lower regions have a greater capacity for learning songs. (phys.org)

In fact, the particular regions and connections we found support an emerging body of neuroscience evidence indicating that intelligence depends on the brain's ability to integrate information from verbal, visual, spatial and executive processes," Barbey said. (mindsparke.com)
The DMN is one of our brain's large-scale brain networks. (psychreg.org)

The team also discovered that the prelimbic area of the rodent cortex alternates its synchronization with the DMN and anterior insular cortex, which suggests that the prelimbic cortex in the rodent brain could also play a role in the salience network - another large-scale brain network important for attention, sensory processing, and goal-directed behaviour. (psychreg.org)

She believed that using a real text passage as an experimental stimulus would provide a rich sample of the different word properties, which could help to reveal which brain regions are associated with these different properties. (medicalnewstoday.com)

In addition, because of the small sample size, future studies with more people will be needed to examine the possible association between changes in cognition, brain volume and uptake of 18 F-AV-1451 to detect tau pathology. (nih.gov)

A study from Sweden's Karolinska Institutet discovered a brain region associated with emotional regulation. (integratedlistening.com)
Brain Functional Alternations of the Pain-related Emotional and Cognitive Regions in Patients with Chronic Shoulder Pain. (iasp-pain.org)
Attention and learning through the eyes of the emotional brain [Doctoral thesis]. (lu.se)

This will open the door to further investigations into the biological basis of intelligence, exploring how the brain, genes, nutrition and the environment together interact to shape the development and continued evolution of the remarkable intellectual abilities that make us human. (mindsparke.com)

ABSTRACT Following the WHO declaration on 1 February 2016 of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) with regard to clusters of microcephaly and neurological disorders potentially associated with Zika virus, the WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean conducted three rounds of emergency meetings to address enhancing preparedness actions in the Region. (who.int)

In birds and perhaps in humans, selection for increased learning capacity may have acted by prolonging the development of the last parts of the brain to grow. (phys.org)
In humans, these brain regions are critically important for processing speech, sensory information, and motor signals, and for forming long-term memories. (scitechdaily.com)
Although the effect has not been demonstrated in humans - and would be very hard to test ethically - there is some evidence the inhabitants of our digestive system help form our own brains. (iflscience.com)

They then used a machine learning algorithm to analyze the activation of each cubic centimeter of the brain for each four-word segment. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Published in Brain: A Journal of Neurology , the study has yielded the most detailed and comprehensive picture yet of the regions involved in comprehension and working memory . (mindsparke.com)

This is a key reason the map is more precise than previous versions - the team began with finer-grain detail than available in the past, including brain images collected from 210 healthy young adult participants in the NIH project. (wtkr.com)
They found that participants with higher levels of depressive mood exhibited heightened sensitivity of experimental pain, with greater activation in all of the involved brain regions. (ucsd.edu)
The healthy participants and the brain-damaged participants were each invited to play a roulette game and a slot machine game. (promises.com)
Participants in the registry all have localized brain damage in an area that, because of blood clots, did not receive enough oxygen and nutrients. (spectrumnews.org)
Each entry in the registry includes details of the participants' care - such as X-ray computed tomography brain scans and magnetic resonance scans - as well as information on their vision, hearing and language ability. (spectrumnews.org)
The participants, with an average age of 41, also underwent brain scans. (umn.edu)

But a brain scan might show that the region of my brain responsible for grammar isn't activating properly, or perhaps instead I'm not understanding the individual words. (medicalnewstoday.com)
So this new scan is not a slam dunk for all that ails NFL players' brains. (medscape.com)

Sample images used for testing brain responses in children. (nih.gov)

The influence of bilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus nucleus (NAcc) on the processing of reward in a gambling paradigm was investigated using H(2)[(15)O]-PET (positron emission tomography) in a 38-year-old man treated for severe alcohol addiction. (nih.gov)

This means that pregnant women who drink are less likely to try and minimize their reported drinking, and that coupled with the high rate of fetal alcohol exposure makes the region a hotspot for studying the effects of alcohol on the developing brain. (uclahealth.org)

"The Locus Coeruleus: Essential for Maintaining Cognitive Function and the Aging Brain" appears in Trends in Cognitive Sciences on Feb. 16, 2016 and was funded by National Institutes of Health grant RO1AG025340. (eurekalert.org)

Findings from a brain imaging study may provide clues for why some individuals with heavy cigarette-smoking habits experience depressed mood upon withdrawal from smoking, according to a new study. (sciencedaily.com)
Findings from a brain imaging study may provide clues for why some individuals with heavy cigarette-smoking habits experience depressed mood upon withdrawal from smoking, according to a report in the August issue of Archives of General Psychiatry , one of the JAMA / Archives journals. (sciencedaily.com)
Our study addresses how experiences, such as learning to read, shape the developing brain," said Kalanit Grill-Spector, Ph.D., a professor at Stanford University's Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute. (nih.gov)
A new study from Cambridge University in the U.K. has identified a part of the brain that appears to play an active role in compulsive gambling. (promises.com)
The study also included a control group consisting of people with no known injuries to the brain. (promises.com)
The study, conducted at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and published in the May 2012 issue of Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research , now online, provides new evidence that these dopamine receptors, known as DRD2, may play a protective role against alcohol-induced brain damage. (scitechdaily.com)
This study clearly demonstrates the interplay of genetic and environmental factors in determining the damaging effects of alcohol on the brain, and builds upon our previous findings suggesting a protective role of dopamine D2 receptors against alcohol's addictive effects," said study author Foteini Delis, a neuroanatomist with the Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Lab at Brookhaven, which is funded through the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). (scitechdaily.com)
However, a new study from the Yerkes National Primate Research Center (YNPRC) has demonstrated the zona incerta (ZI), a brain region previously thought insignificant, may play an important role. (nprc.org)
These regions, however, are less connected to those involved in memory and executive functioning-such as decision-making, attention and behavioral control-that could make teens more sensitive to rewards like junk foods, according to a new University of Michigan study. (neurosciencenews.com)
Dr. Lei Sun's research group at Hong Kong Polytechnic University recently completed a preclinical study to improve targeting and effectiveness for low-intensity ultrasound neuromodulation of the brain. (fusfoundation.org)
Surprisingly, the study revealed the top regions of the brain that control the BNST network are the motor and premotor cortices, which are involved in execution and planning of movement. (vanderbilt.edu)
It's a significant challenge to find patients (for research) who have brain damage, and even further, it's very hard to find patients who have focal brain damage," said Dr. Aron Barbey from the University of Illinois, the study lead. (mindsparke.com)
We conducted a detailed study of 5 families living in villages along the Viliui River and of 1 family in the region surrounding the city of Yakutsk, to which the disease has recently spread. (cdc.gov)
Detecting CTE on autopsy is less than ideal for identifying potential treatment strategies, so I was excited to see a new study leveraging the power of PET-MRI to identify brain injury in NFL players who are still alive. (medscape.com)

Today's findings broaden our understanding of the social brain," said press conference moderator Steve Fleming, PhD, of University College London, an expert in self-awareness and metacognition. (sfn.org)

In addition, important functional "hubs" for coordinating communication between regions were not well-connected in the alcohol-exposed babies, and future studies will be needed to link those differences to specific behavioral consequences. (uclahealth.org)
Region-specific glycan maps were obtained with â ¼120 N- glycan compositions in each region, revealing significant differences in " brain -type" glycans involving high mannose , bisecting, and core and antenna fucosylated species. (bvsalud.org)

ERα is known to function differently in different parts of the adult mouse brain. (medicalxpress.com)

To identify a nuclear marker pathognomonic of astrocytic phenotype, we assessed differential RNA expression by FACS-purified adult astrocytes and, on that basis, evaluated the expression of the transcription factor SOX9 in both mouse and human brain. (jneurosci.org)
Based on SOX9 immunolabeling, we document that astrocytes constitute a smaller fraction of total cell number than previously estimated in the normal adult mouse brain. (jneurosci.org)

Several brain regions, and the connections between them, were most important for general intelligence. (mindsparke.com)
Parker, GJM 2000, Connections between brain regions determined using fast marching tractography . (manchester.ac.uk)

A multi-sensory listening therapy using music and movement to support brain-body integration and skill-building. (integratedlistening.com)

Why shouldn't specific aspects of the brain perform multiple roles? (ucsd.edu)
In total, 125 N- glycan compositions were identified, and their region-specific expression profiles were characterized. (bvsalud.org)

We were very surprised about the expansive roles of these regions," said Zeidan. (ucsd.edu)
Those observations suggest the two regions play different roles in generating movement. (simonsfoundation.org)

The supplementary motor area is active regardless of whether [an animal] is reaching in response to a visual cue or of their own volition," says Mark Churchland , a neuroscientist at Columbia University and an investigator with the Simons Collaboration on the Global Brain (SCGB). (simonsfoundation.org)

The result was the first integrated computational model of reading, identifying which parts of the brain are responsible for such subprocesses as parsing sentences, determining the meaning of words and understanding relationships between characters. (medicalnewstoday.com)

The analysis showed that SOX9+ astrocytes constitute ∼10-20% of the total cell number in most CNS regions, a smaller fraction of total cell number than previously estimated in the normal adult brain. (jneurosci.org)
The pineal gland is also filled with brain support cells (astrocytes) and has a very dense input of nerve fibers coming from the eyes via a circuitous and complicated route. (brain-surgery.com)
multiple micronecrotic lesions in the brain parenchyma are surrounded by T and B lymphocytes and reactive astrocytes ( 4 , 5 ). (cdc.gov)

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) decoding is a critical tool for many neuroscience studies and neuroengineering applications, such as brain computer interfaces (BCI). (embs.org)

When we first learn about the brain, we are taught that each part of the brain has a distinct function. (psychreg.org)

Comparing the users' brains to those of 62 nonsmokers, they found that the weed smokers had smaller orbitofrontal cortices, the brain region that plays a major role in decision making. (the-scientist.com)
In the human brain, the insular cortex is found in the cortex and is "insulated" by the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. (psychreg.org)

Bit by bit, the algorithm was able to associate certain features with certain regions of the brain, Wehbe said. (medicalnewstoday.com)

When the sodium level falls slowly over days or weeks (chronic hyponatremia), the brain cells have time to adjust and the acute symptoms such as brain swelling don't occur. (medlineplus.gov)

Think of each brain area as having a unique fingerprint to it," said Glasser. (wtkr.com)
The research suggests that relative brain area sizes may offer a mechanism by which a prominent form of evolution has worked. (phys.org)
But damage to a neighboring region called the supplementary motor area, also involved in movement, can have more complex and mysterious outcomes: as one example, people may be able to move their bodies yet report that they just don't want to. (simonsfoundation.org)
Using this novel experimental platform, Chao and colleagues demonstrated that activation of one area of the brain-the anterior insular cortex-is associated with suppressing, or "turning off", the Default Mode Network. (psychreg.org)

UCF NanoScience Technology Center Assistant Professor Tania Roy and Electrical and Computer Engineering doctoral student Adithi Krishnaprasad are working to give technology brain-like computing power. (ucf.edu)

It might be interesting to ask, do those patients end up having behavioral problems that are reminiscent of what we see in autism, or that might help shed light on what that particular brain region does? (spectrumnews.org)
In collaboration with Vinod Menon, PhD, another senior author and professor of the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University, the research team further used advanced computational approaches to identify the brain states and information flow during these conditions. (psychreg.org)

Anatomy59

Organisms13

Diseases25

Chemicals and Drugs44

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment43

Psychiatry and Psychology42

Phenomena and Processes31

Disciplines and Occupations5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Humanities1

Information Science12

Health Care6

Researchers25

Prefrontal cortex9

Mice's brains2

Whose brains2

Hippocampus5

Neural5

Tumors7

Scientists15

FMRI4

Amygdala3

Infants3

Neurons5

Connectivity5

Regulate4

Insula2

Cortical regions5

Hypothalamus3

Areas26

Tissue6

Behavior8

Alzheimer's5

Cerebral cortex3

Shrinkage3

Neuroscientists2

Mice9

Motor cortex4

Activity12

Spinal2

Songbirds2

Brain's2

Salience network1

Reveal1

Cognition1

Emotional3

Genes1

Disorders1

Humans3

Analyze1

Neurology1

Participants6

Scan2

Responses1

Nucleus1

Hotspot1

Cognitive Function1

Study14

Findings1

Differences2

Differently1

Mouse2

Connections2

Sensory1

Specific2

Roles2

Investigator1

Parts of the brain1

Astrocytes3

Magnetoencephalography1

Distinct1

Found2

Associate1

Chronic1

Area4

Doctoral1

Behavioral2