• However, counting CD34+ mononuclear cells may overestimate myeloid blasts in bone marrow smears due to hematogones (B lymphocyte precursors) and CD34+ megakaryocytes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cord blood (CB) mononuclear cells (MNC) are being tested in clinical trials to treat hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injuries. (biorxiv.org)
  • Separation of chemotherapy plus G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells by counterflow centrifugal elutriation: in vitro characterization of two different CD34+ cell populations. (ntu.ac.uk)
  • To investigate the transcriptional diversity of BM-MSCs, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on freshly isolated CD271 + BM-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) from two human subjects. (ijbs.com)
  • CD34 is a transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein that was first identified on HSPCs, but its expression is also present on other cell types, such as vascular tissue. (stemcell.com)
  • CD34 is the most commonly used cell surface marker to identify human HSPCs as it is expressed on HSCs, in addition to both multipotent and more differentiated progenitor cells of individual blood cell lineages. (stemcell.com)
  • Enriched populations of CD34(+) cells were isolated by means of positive immunomagnetic selection with MACS beads. (dadamo.com)
  • Similarly, ATRA (10(-6) mol/L) inhibited eosinophil-basophil differentiation of cord blood CD34(+) cells in liquid culture, whereas neutrophil differentiation proceeded without impediment. (dadamo.com)
  • Most importantly, these effects of ATRA (10(-8) to 10(-6) mol/L) on CD34(+) cells were associated with a dose-dependent inhibition of IL-5Ralpha but no change in GM-CSF receptor expression, as detected with flow cytometry. (dadamo.com)
  • CD34 derives its name from the cluster of differentiation protocol that identifies cell surface antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD34 was first described on hematopoietic stem cells independently by Civin et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • The CD34 protein is a member of a family of single-pass transmembrane sialomucin proteins that show expression on early haematopoietic and vascular-associated progenitor cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD34 is also an important adhesion molecule and is required for T cells to enter lymph nodes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conversely, under other circumstances CD34 has been shown to act as molecular "Teflon" and block mast cell, eosinophil and dendritic cell precursor adhesion, and to facilitate opening of vascular lumina. (wikipedia.org)
  • Finally, recent data suggest CD34 may also play a more selective role in chemokine-dependent migration of eosinophils and dendritic cell precursors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Regardless of its mode of action, under all circumstances CD34, and its relatives podocalyxin and endoglycan, facilitates cell migration. (wikipedia.org)
  • The presence of CD34 on non-hematopoietic cells in various tissues has been linked to progenitor and adult stem cell phenotypes. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD34 is expressed in roughly 20% of murine haematopoietic stem cells, and can be stimulated and reversed. (wikipedia.org)
  • The aim of this study is to investigate the role of activated ovarian endothelial cells in early in-vitro follicular development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After a constitutive activation of the Akt pathway was initiated, early follicles (50-150 um) were mechanically isolated from 8-day-old mice and co-cultured with these activated ovarian endothelial cells (AOEC) ( n = 32), gel ( n = 24) or within matrigel ( n = 27) in serum free media for 14 days. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Endothelial cells (ECs) may elaborate essential "angiocrine factors" involved in organ regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Retinoic acid modulates IL-5 receptor expression and selectively inhibits eosinophil-basophil differentiation of hemopoietic progenitor cells. (dadamo.com)
  • Currently, little is known concerning regulation of IL-5Ralpha expression in the context of commitment of hemopoietic progenitor cells to the eosinophil and basophil lineages. (dadamo.com)
  • Our results suggest that minor fluctuations in physiological levels of endogenous GCs can program endotoxin-responsive hemopoietic cells during their differentiation by regulating their sensitivity to stimulation. (aai.org)
  • rhG-CSF in healthy donors: mobilization of peripheral hemopoietic progenitors and effect on peripheral blood leukocytes. (ntu.ac.uk)
  • Other uses of the CFU assay include studying the effects of stimulatory and inhibitory growth factors, screening novel compounds to predict potential toxicity to the hematopoietic system, and testing the effects of various in vitro manipulations (e.g. cell processing, cryopreservation, gene transduction, and transmission) on cellular products used in hematopoietic cell transplantation. (stemcell.com)
  • In addition, the regenerative potential of purified stem cells was assessed 3 weeks after transplantation in immunodeficient mice which had been subjected to experimental myocardial infarction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CD34+ is often used clinically to quantify the number of haemopoietic stem cells for use in haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Antibodies are used to quantify and purify hematopoietic progenitor stem cells for research and for clinical bone marrow transplantation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bone Marrow Transplantation , 18 (2), pp. 421-425. (ntu.ac.uk)
  • Endogenous cytokine levels after immunoselected CD34+ peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation. (ntu.ac.uk)
  • Extramedullary relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation plus buffy-coat in two high risk patients. (ntu.ac.uk)
  • Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a stem cell disease sustained by a rare population of quiescent cells which are to some extent resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). (oncotarget.com)
  • Herein, we demonstrate that GC conditioning during the differentiation of myeloid progenitors into macrophages (Mφs) results in their enhanced LPS responsiveness, demonstrated by an overexpression of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12. (aai.org)
  • The EasySep™ Human Myeloid Positive Selection Kit II is designed to isolate CD33+ and CD66b+ cells from ammonium chloride lysed blood or bone marrow by positive selection. (stemcell.com)
  • RhG-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood haemopoietic progenitors reside in G0/G1 phase of cell cycle independently of the expression of myeloid antigens. (ntu.ac.uk)
  • This mechanism also applies to hematopoietic cells transformed by other HOX genes, including CDX2, which is highly expressed in a majority of acute myeloid leukemias, thus providing a molecular approach based on GSK-3 inhibitory strategies to target HOX-associated transcription in a broad spectrum of leukemias. (stanford.edu)
  • The colony-forming unit (CFU) assay is a clonal, in vitro culture assay that measures the growth and frequency of functionally viable HSPCs by assessing the proliferation and differentiation of individual progenitor cells, resulting in the formation of discrete colonies in a semi-solid methylcellulose medium (such as MethoCult™ ) when supplemented with appropriate cytokines. (stemcell.com)
  • Furthermore, we demonstrated that these automatically isolated cells bear proliferation and differentiation capacities comparable to manually isolated cells in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
  • METHODS: Progenitor cells were obtained from bone marrow aspirates and cord blood samples. (dadamo.com)
  • In this study, we addressed feeder cell-free expansion methods using common γ-chain cytokines, especially IL-15 and IL-21. (frontiersin.org)
  • Additionally, imaging methods such as bone scintigraphy, liver echography and chest X-ray are to be performed bianually. (iiarjournals.org)
  • An emerging method to detect metastasis is the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), which has shown promise in filling the gaps left by other diagnostic methods. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Immunological techniques, which are the most widely used methods, employ immunomagnetic isolation ( 4 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Cells referred to as MSCs originating from various tissues are now used in clinical trials. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These elaborate signals promoted by ECs have been termed "angiocrine factors" and have been shown to be crucial for the maintenance of organ-specific tissues and tumor cells [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Low SDF-1 expression may contribute to the dysfunctional mobilization of bone marrow Lin - /VEGF-R2 + endothelial progenitor cells, which may contribute to microvascular injury in early diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It may also mediate the attachment of hematopoietic stem cells to bone marrow extracellular matrix or directly to stromal cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are membranous particles released by cells into the extracellular space. (mdpi.com)
  • Intercellular communication is mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs), as they enclose selectively packaged biomolecules that can be horizontally transferred from donor to recipient cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Because of their multi/pluripotency and immunosuppressive properties, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are important tools for treating immune disorders and for tissue repair. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Stromal cells that surround follicles in the secondary stage or later become organized into thecal layers, in which the innermost part contains blood vessels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For instance, the existence of tissue-specific gene clusters may be related to the efficient activation of gene expression in a particular cell lineage, by genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, or related to the repression of entire chromosomal regions containing genes expressed in a specific cell type, e.g. during the developmental switches leading to different cell lineages [ 25 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition to providing microenvironmental support for hematopoietic processes, BM-MSCs can differentiate into various mesodermal lineages including osteoblast/osteocyte, chondrocyte, and adipocyte that are crucial for bone metabolism. (ijbs.com)
  • Recently, several clinical trials showed an increased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and an improved regional perfusion following intramyocardial application of cluster of differentiation (CD) 133 + stem cells [ 5 - 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Yet, CD133 + stem cells for clinical use are purified using manual or semi-automatic devices based on the conventional magnetic cell sorting (MACS®) technique. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fusion cell vaccination of patients with metastatic breast and renal cancer induces immunological and clinical responses. (nwbio.com)
  • Banchereau J, Ueno H, Dhodapkar M, Connolly J, Finholt JP, Klechevsky E, Blanck JP, Johnston DA, Palucka AK, Fay J. Immune and clinical outcomes in patients with stage IV melanoma vaccinated with peptide-pulsed dendritic cells derived from CD34+ progenitors and activated with type I interferon. (nwbio.com)
  • Many culturing strategies are based on the addition of feeder or accessory cells, which need to be removed prior to the clinical application of the final NK cell product. (frontiersin.org)
  • Determining which cell types in CB-MNC enhance brain tissue repair, and the mechanisms by which they do so, will optimize decisions on dosing, route of administration, treatment frequency, and other critical clinical and regulatory parameters. (biorxiv.org)
  • According to the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ANCO) guidelines on breast cancer follow-up and management, symptoms of breast cancer recurrence include presence of new breast lumps, pain in the bone, chest or abdomen, dyspnea and constant headaches ( 5 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • Producing cells according to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) is a global challenge for the production of all cells for use in humans, specifically mesenchymal stem/stroma cells (MSCs), one of the most promising tools in cellular therapy and regenerative medicine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell markers, or surface antigens, are molecules located on a cell's membrane used to identify specific cell types, their lineage, and their stage in the differentiation process according to the presence or absence of the expression of defined markers. (stemcell.com)
  • Our research focuses on developmental pathways that regulate hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation and are disrupted in the course of neoplastic transformation, particularly in leukemias and lymphomas. (stanford.edu)
  • We successfully identified LEPR hi CD45 low BM-MSCs within the CD271 + BM-MNC population, and further codified the BM-MSCs into distinct subpopulations corresponding to the osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation trajectories, as well as terminal-stage quiescent cells. (ijbs.com)
  • RESULTS: In semisolid methylcellulose cultures of normal human bone marrow, ATRA (10(-6) mol/L) selectively suppressed eosinophil-basophil colony-forming units but had no effect on granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units. (dadamo.com)
  • Injection of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells has been clinically applied to treat various diseases including spinal cord injury, liver cirrhosis and peripheral vascular disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • To explore these mechanisms further, we exposed mouse brain organotypic slice cultures to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) and then treated the brain slices with cells from CB or adult peripheral blood (PB). (biorxiv.org)
  • Morphological-based isolation separates CTCs according to size discrepancies, using isolation by size of epithelial tumor cells (ISET) or according to density, using density-gradient separation ( 4 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • White blood cell, eosinophil, CD4- and CD8-positive lymphocyte counts, and serum interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IgE levels were determined before, 2 and 4 weeks after switching to vitamin E-bonded dialyzers. (dadamo.com)
  • New therapeutic concepts in anti-tumor therapy aim to modulate the patient's immune system to increase its aggressiveness or targeted effects toward tumor cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Emerging techniques using the analysis of circulating tumor cells show promising results in predicting and identifying the early stages of breast cancer metastasis in patients. (iiarjournals.org)
  • CTCs are tumor cells originating from primary sites or metastases that circulate in the patients' bloodstream and are very rarely found in healthy individuals ( 9 , 10 ) ( Figure 1 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • This method uses either epithelial cell-specific markers which are generally expressed in all tumor cells, or tumor markers expressed by specific types of cancer ( 13 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • Circulating tumor cells in the blood stream. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Mononuclear cell (MNC) prepared from human umbilical cord blood (CB) are candidate therapeutics for treating hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injuries. (biorxiv.org)
  • Our results showed that CP-CML CD34+ progenitors were characterized by significant lower phosphorylation of proteins involved in the regulation of growth and cell survival, such as tyrosine kinases of the Src family and members of STAT family, and by a significant higher phosphorylation of p53 (Ser15), compared to normal CD34+ cells from healthy donors. (oncotarget.com)
  • Large-scale immunomagnetic selection of CD14+ monocytes to generate dendritic cells for cancer immunotherapy: a phase I study. (nwbio.com)
  • To determine if a specific subpopulation of CB-MNC are responsible for these protective activities, we depleted CB-MNC of various cell types and found that only removal of CB CD14 + monocytes abolished neuroprotection. (biorxiv.org)
  • These findings suggest that CD14 + monocytes are a critical cell-type when treating HI with CB-MNC. (biorxiv.org)
  • Besides surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, immune activation by direct application of cytokines, antibodies or adoptive cell therapy are promising approaches. (frontiersin.org)
  • In vivo development and survival of NK cells require cytokines ( 6 - 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • In this context, cytokines have been shown to activate NK cells potently during ex vivo expansion ( 9 - 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The aim of this study was to identify early diabetes-related changes in the expression of genes that have been reported to be closely involved in endothelial progenitor cell migration and function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Based on review of current literature, this study examined the expression level of 35 genes that are known to be involved in endothelial progenitor cell migration and function in magnetically sorted Lin - /VEGF-R2 + endothelial progenitor cells obtained from the bone marrow of Akita mice in the early stages of diabetes (18 weeks) using RT-PCR and Western blotting. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Two genes, SDF-1 and SELE, were significantly differentially expressed in diabetic Lin - /VEGF-R2 + endothelial progenitor cells and six other genes, CAV1, eNOS, CLDN5, NANOG, OCLN and BDNF, showed very low levels of expression in diabetic Lin - /VEGF-R2 + progenitor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gene expression data from 24 experiments for 8 different cell types of the human myelopoietic lineage were used to generate an integrated myelopoiesis dataset of 9,425 genes, each reliably associated to a unique genomic position and chromosomal coordinate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Vaccination with tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells elicits antigen-specific, cytotoxic T-cells in patients with malignant glioma. (nwbio.com)
  • Immature dendritic cells phagocytose apoptotic cells via alphavbeta5 and CD36, and cross-present antigens to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (nwbio.com)
  • Dendritic cells acquire antigen from apoptotic cells and induce class I-restricted CTLs. (nwbio.com)
  • Phase I/II study of vaccination with electrofused allogeneic dendritic cells/autologous tumor-derived cells in patients with stage IV renal cell carcinoma. (nwbio.com)
  • Babatz J, Röllig C, Löbel B, Folprecht G, Haack M, Günther H, Köhne CH, Ehninger G, Schmitz M, Bornhäuser M. Induction of cellular immune responses against carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with metastatic tumors after vaccination with altered peptide ligand-loaded dendritic cells. (nwbio.com)
  • Maturation and trafficking of monocyte-derived dendritic cells in monkeys: implications for dendritic cell-based vaccines. (nwbio.com)
  • Vaccination of prostatectomized prostate cancer patients in biochemical relapse, with autologous dendritic cells pulsed with recombinant human PSA. (nwbio.com)
  • Bleumer I, Tiemessen DM, Oosterwijk-Wakka JC, Völler MC, De Weijer K, Mulders PF, Oosterwijk E. Preliminary analysis of patients with progressive renal cell carcinoma vaccinated with CA9-peptide-pulsed mature dendritic cells. (nwbio.com)
  • Thus, these methodologies are extremely useful to obtain large batches of fairly pure EV samples from cell cultures and enable unbiased characterization of EV subpopulations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The biological activity of automatically isolated CD133 + cells was evaluated and compared to manually isolated CD133 + cells via functional assays as well as immunofluorescence microscopy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They could differentiate into bone, cartilage, and a hematopoietic microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We are studying the role that normal chromatin structure plays in gene regulation in hematopoietic cells and how its disruption leads to altered development and cancer. (stanford.edu)
  • While BM-MSCs have high cell-to-cell heterogeneity in gene expression, the cell subtypes that contribute to this heterogeneity in vivo in humans have not been characterized. (ijbs.com)
  • This differential signaling activation network may be addressed by novel targeted therapies aimed at eradicating CML stem cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • In the last years, adoptive transfer of natural killer (NK) cells came into the focus of translational medicine, because of their high cytotoxic potential against transformed malignant cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • With their ability to detect and directly destroy virally infected or malignant cells, natural killer (NK) cells form an important part of the first line defense of the immune system. (frontiersin.org)
  • In addition to these basic issues concerning leukemia pathogenesis, we are devising new diagnostic procedures for detecting and monitoring leukemia patients based on molecular genetic abnormalities in the malignant cells. (stanford.edu)
  • They can be activated rapidly via germ-line encoded receptors that recognize the presence of stress ligands or absence of self-antigens on target cells ( 1 - 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • HSCs make up a very small population of the hematopoietic system, however, these cells are invaluable as they have the potential to give rise to all mature blood and immune cell types and sustain life-long blood production. (stemcell.com)
  • Hence, we established a two-phase expansion protocol with IL-15 to induce an early NK cell expansion, followed by short exposure to IL-21 that boosted the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against RMS cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Diabetes is known to impair the number and function of endothelial progenitor cells in the circulation, causing structural and functional alterations in the micro- and macro-vasculature. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A main challenge of NK cell therapy is that it requires a high amount of functional NK cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • IL-5 is an interleukin produced by T helper-2 cells and mast cells. (dadamo.com)
  • However, direct injection of IL-2 has been shown to be accompanied by severe side effects, such as vascular leak syndrome, activation-induced cell death, and strong induction of regulatory CD4 pos T cells, which did not occur after IL-15 administration ( 15 , 16 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • However, what factors mediate brain repair, the CB-MNC cell types that contribute, and the host cells with which they interact are unclear. (biorxiv.org)
  • NOD-SCID-Gamma (NSG) mice) and measuring the presence of human blood cells in the blood or bone marrow (BM) after extended periods of engraftment, e.g., 20 weeks or longer. (stemcell.com)
  • We observed a significant increase in the number of Lin - /VEGF-R2 + endothelial progenitor cells within the bone marrow in diabetic mice compared with non-diabetic mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CD133 + stem cells represent a promising subpopulation for innovative cell-based therapies in cardiovascular regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CD133 + stem cells were purified from patient-derived sternal bone marrow using the recently developed automatic CliniMACS Prodigy® BM-133 System (Prodigy). (biomedcentral.com)
  • On average, 0.88 × 10 6 viable CD133 + cells with a mean log 10 depletion of 3.23 ± 0.19 of non-target cells were isolated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) BM-derived CD133 + stem cells intended for the regeneration of human ischemic heart tissue are classified as an advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP) [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We also used positively selected subpopulations of CB-MNC and PB-MNC in this assay and demonstrated that purified CB-CD14 + cells, but not CB-PB CD14 + cells, efficiently protected neuronal cells from death and reduced glial activation following OGD. (biorxiv.org)
  • Mouse ovarian ECs were isolated using magnetic cell sorting or by FACS and cultured in serum free media. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After 6 passages, flow cytometry showed 93% of cells grown in serum-free culture were VE-cadherin positive, CD-31 positive and CD 45 negative, matching the known EC profile. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Additional markers can be used to distinguish HSPC subsets within the CD34+ population and isolate HSPCs with different engraftment abilities and capacities to expand or generate mature blood cells in culture. (stemcell.com)
  • CD34+ cells may be isolated from blood samples using immunomagnetic techniques and used for CD34+ transplants, which have lower rates of graft-versus-host disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Colonies derived from different types of progenitor cells are classified and counted based on morphological and phenotypic criteria. (stemcell.com)
  • MSCs with a mesodermic origin were first described by Alexander Friedenstein and colleagues in the 1960s and 1970s[ 1 ] as non-hematopoietic bone marrow (BM) cells that adhered to plastic and that could develop into colonies with a fibroblastic appearance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • From this perspective, the aim of this study was to analyze the expression and activation profile of STP involved in the mechanisms of cell proliferation/quiescence and survival of the progenitor CD34+ cells from chronic phase (CP) CML. (oncotarget.com)
  • In sum, we report that CD34+ cells from CP-CML are characterized by a proteomic and phospho-proteomic profile that promotes quiescence through the inhibition of proliferation and the promotion of survival. (oncotarget.com)
  • Dormant cancer cells: programmed quiescence, senescence, or both? (nature.com)
  • Because all cells constantly generate and recycle EVs, they provide accurate timed snapshots of individual pathophysiological status. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, because of their CD34+ expression, such undifferentiated cells can be sorted out. (wikipedia.org)
  • Analysis of expression profile on proteins involved in the apoptotic machinery revealed that, in addition, CD34+ cells from CP-CML were characterized by a significant lower expression of catalase and higher expression of HSP27 and FADD. (oncotarget.com)