Hind-limbMicrogravity-induced boneStromal cellsLocated in the bone maSkeletalMineral densityCountermeasureRegenerationTrabecularMSCsRatsInduce boneMarrow-derivedAdultCavitiesRetarding bone lossMiceLossAstronautsCartilageMechanicalFractureTissueOsteoblastsDictateResultsPopulationsFormationMacrophagesCellsMouseHumanEffectsActivityFoundSignificantProvideGrowthMaterial
Hind-limb2
- Here we report that treatment with recombinant Irisin prevented bone loss in hind-limb suspended mice when administered during suspension (preventive protocol) and induced recovery of bone mass when mice were injected after bone loss due to a suspension period of 4 weeks (curative protocol). (uniba.it)
- We evaluated changes in bone and muscle of mice exposed to hind limb suspension (HLS) unloading alone or in addition to proton and high (H) atomic number (Z) and energy (E) (HZE) ( 16 O) radiation. (psu.edu)
Microgravity-induced bone3
- Aerobic exercise as a countermeasure for microgravity-induced bone loss and muscle atrophy in a rat hindlimb suspension model. (cdc.gov)
- Aerobic Exercise as a Countermeasure for Microgravity-Induced Bone Los" by Timothy L. Norman, G. Popovich et al. (cedarville.edu)
- These findings may lead to development of an Irisin-based therapy for elderly immobile osteoporotic and physically disable patients, and might represent a countermeasure for astronauts subjected to microgravity-induced bone and muscle losses. (uniba.it)
Stromal cells5
- It is well-described that leptin receptor (LepR) + perivascular stromal cells provide a major source of bone-forming osteoblasts in adult and aged bone marrow. (nature.com)
- These Fgfr3 + stem/stromal cells with OCT identities are abundant in the young bone marrow and depleted in the old bone marrow, denoting their transitional nature. (nature.com)
- Overall, our findings indicate that Fgfr3 + endosteal stem/stromal cells with OCT identities dictate active and aggressive osteogenesis, identifying these cells as an important regulator of long-term bone homeostasis. (nature.com)
- Later, Arnold Caplan's group described mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) as multipotent mesenchymal cell populations which can differentiate into several tissue types, and demonstrated roles for MSCs in the regeneration of bone, cartilage or ligaments in animal and clinical studies [2-4]. (stemcellslab.net)
- This concept started from the observation that bone marrow transplantation can provide stromal cells able to synthesize intact collagen type I, replacing deficient patient cell function and ameliorating disease symptoms [5]. (stemcellslab.net)
Located in the bone ma1
- Human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) are adult stem cells, located in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. (intechopen.com)
Skeletal7
- Blocking exosome release from atrophic skeletal muscle to strengthen bone: a novel therapeutic strategy for muscle atrophy-associated bone loss? (edu.hk)
- Skeletal muscle (SM) atrophy induced by mechanical unloading or related to aging (sarcopenia) is always accompanied by substantial bone loss, which is associated with increased risk of fragility fracture, leading to serious health consequences to elder people and individuals with physical inactivity. (edu.hk)
- Loss of bone and skeletal muscle atrophy resulting from non-weight-bearing are major concerns associated with microgravity environment and spaceflight deconditioning. (cedarville.edu)
- We previously showed that Irisin, a myokine released from skeletal muscle after physical exercise, plays a central role in the control of bone mass. (uniba.it)
- To explore interactions between skeletal muscle and bone under these conditions, we hypothesized that decreased mechanical load, as in the microgravity of space, would lead to increased susceptibility to space radiation-induced bone and muscle loss. (psu.edu)
- It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. (lookformedical.com)
- The bone marrow contains various populations of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) in the stromal compartment, which are important regulators of bone formation. (nature.com)
Mineral density5
- Bone and muscle from control and hindlimb-suspended groups with and without exercise were evaluated by bone mineral density (BMD), mechanical tests, bone histomorphometry and muscle mass. (cedarville.edu)
- MicroCT analysis of femurs showed that r-Irisin preserved both cortical and trabecular bone mineral density, and prevented a dramatic decrease of the trabecular bone volume fraction. (uniba.it)
- For some outcomes, such as BV/TV, trabecular number and tissue mineral density, additional bone loss was observed in the HLS+proton+HZE radiation group compared to HLS alone. (psu.edu)
- Treatment-related changes in bone mineral density as a surrogate biomarker for fracture risk reduction: Analysis of individual patient data from multiple randomized clinical trials. (bouxseinlab.org)
- Heterogeneity and Spatial Distribution of Intravertebral Trabecular Bone Mineral Density in the Lumbar Spine is Associated with Prevalent Vertebral Fracture. (bouxseinlab.org)
Countermeasure2
- However, medical countermeasure for combatting the muscle atrophy (MA)-associated bone loss is still lacking because of our incomplete mechanistic understanding. (edu.hk)
- The objective of this research was to address the fundamental issue of whether bone loss and muscle atrophy could be attenuated using weight-bearing aerobic exercise on a treadmill as a countermeasure in rats subjected to simulated weightlessness by hindlimb suspension. (cedarville.edu)
Regeneration1
- Kuroda, R. Escherichia coli-derived bmp-2-absorbed -tcp granules induce bone regeneration in rabbit critical-sized femoral segmental defects. (isbweb.org)
Trabecular2
- Absolute trabecular and cortical bone volume fraction (BV/TV) was decreased 24% and 6% in HLS-no radiation vs the normally loaded no-radiation group. (psu.edu)
- Papini, A. The y-shaped trabecular bone structure in the odontoid process of the axis: a ct scan study in 54 healthy subjects and biomechanical considerations. (isbweb.org)
MSCs6
- In this study, we aimed to clarify whether combination therapy of intracerebral transplantation of human modified bone marrow-derived MSCs, SB623 cells, and voluntary exercise with running wheel (RW) could exert synergistic therapeutic effects on a rat model of ischemic stroke. (biomedcentral.com)
- SB623 cells are human modified bone marrow-derived MSCs transiently transfected with the human Notch-1 intracellular domain. (biomedcentral.com)
- Objectives: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of endobronchial administration of bone marrow autologous MSCs (BM-MSC) in patients with mild-to-moderate IPF. (unav.edu)
- Pivotal studies by the group of Horwitz in children with osteogenesis imperfecta, an inherited enzyme deficiency of collagen synthesis by mesenchymal cells in bone, opened the field for intravenous use of MSCs. (stemcellslab.net)
- This implies homing of transplanted MSCs to sites in bone marrow and/or bone. (stemcellslab.net)
- In a second study [6], these authors showed that autologous, enzyme-deficient MSCs transduced with a copy of the intact gene resulted in normal collagen production in bone cavities. (stemcellslab.net)
Rats3
- Femoral BMD of hindlimb-suspended (HS) rats subjected to treadmill exercise was significantly greater than femoral BMD of HS rats without exercise and also was equivalent to that of weight-bearing controls. (cedarville.edu)
- In addition, histomorphometric analysis of the metaphysis of the proximal tibia revealed that HS rats that exercised did not maintain bone formation equivalent to controls. (cedarville.edu)
- 1984). Biotransformation Rats Thin layer chromatography (TLC) of the urine of rats treated with 14 C-metiram as single oral doses of 5 or 50 mg/kg bw, and a single oral dose of 100 mg/kg bw of a 15 N-metiram and 14 C-metiram suspension (1:1 ratio), revealed eight principal radioactive components. (inchem.org)
Induce bone1
- Radiation alone did not induce bone or muscle loss, whereas HLS alone resulted in both bone and muscle loss. (psu.edu)
Marrow-derived1
- During brain injury or infection, bone-marrow derived macrophages invade neural tissue, making it difficult to distinguish between invading macrophages and resident microglia. (elifesciences.org)
Adult2
- Fate-mapping and developmental analyses have revealed that microglia are derived from the embryonic yolk sac, unlike circulating monocytes, which are derived from the adult bone marrow. (elifesciences.org)
- Ackerman KE, Singhal V, Slattery M, Eddy KT, Bouxsein ML, Lee H, Klibanski A, Misra M. Effects of Estrogen Replacement on Bone Geometry and Microarchitecture in Adolescent and Young Adult Oligoamenorrheic Athletes: A Randomized Trial. (bouxseinlab.org)
Cavities2
- The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. (lookformedical.com)
- Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. (lookformedical.com)
Retarding bone loss1
- We have further developed a novel SM-targeted exosome inhibitor (SMExoInhib), which exhibited inhibitory potency on SMExo release and posed beneficial effect on retarding bone loss in HU mice and aged mice, respectively. (edu.hk)
Mice5
- We found that MA developed along with the aberrantly elevated levels of sera myomiRs in SMExo, which preceded the apparent bone loss in HU mice and were associated with substantial bone lossin aged mice, respectively. (edu.hk)
- From mechanistic aspect, myomiRs in SMExos from HU and aged mice not only restrained osteogenic activity and enhanced osteoclastogenic activity in vitro, but also stimulated bone loss in grounded mice. (edu.hk)
- Aim 1: To test if replenishing myomiR-encapsulating SMExos from HU mice could exacerbate the MA-associated bone loss in young SMRab27aKO mice with HU. (edu.hk)
- Aim 3: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of SMExoInhib on retarding the MA-associated bone loss in young C57BL/6 mice with HU and aged C57BL/6 mice, respectively. (edu.hk)
- In this study, we demonstrate that phagocytes rather than myocytes are predominantly responsible for causing inflammation, an outcome that could be alleviated following adoptive transfer of normal bone marrow into TREX1 −/− mice. (aai.org)
Loss14
- The Mars Gravity Biosatellite was meant to provide data on how mammalian health is affected by long-term exposure to lower levels of gravity, focusing on bone loss, changes in bone structure, muscle atrophy, and changes in the inner ear. (wikipedia.org)
- Noteworthily, MA develops along with reduced contraction and the altered production of myokines that could influence both SM and bone metabolism, and importantly, ahead of apparent bone loss. (edu.hk)
- Thus, it advocates the indispensable role of SM-driven regulation in MA-associated bone loss. (edu.hk)
- Nevertheless, clinical studies showed that various exercise regimens, albeit partly preserved muscle strength, were insufficient to mitigate MA-associated bone loss. (edu.hk)
- Additionally, preclinical studies showed that inhibition of myokines with detrimental effect on both SM and bone only abrogated MAwithout interrupting bone loss. (edu.hk)
- All these findings suggest that other SM-derived factors beyond mechanical force and myokine may also contribute to MA-associated bone loss. (edu.hk)
- Moreover, either genetic blockade of the Rab27amediated SMExo release (SMRab27aKO) or knockdown of myomiRs in SM (SMmiRKD) blunted the upregulation of sera myomiRs related to HU or aging and mitigated the MA-associated bone loss as well. (edu.hk)
- Taken together, we hypothesized that blocking SMExo release from atrophic SM for interrupting muscle-bone crosstalk could be an effective therapeutic strategy for MA-associated bone loss. (edu.hk)
- It will also facilitate developing new therapeutic adjuncts for counteracting the MA-associated bone loss in either sarcopenic elders or individuals with physical inactivity. (edu.hk)
- It was concluded that moderate aerobic exercise on a treadmill did attenuate bone loss and muscle atrophy due to simulated weightlessness by hindlimb suspension, however its effectiveness differed by tissue, anatomical site and parameter investigated. (cedarville.edu)
- Our data reveal for the first time that Irisin retrieves disuse-induced bone loss and muscle atrophy. (uniba.it)
- Deep space travel exposes astronauts to extended periods of space radiation and mechanical unloading, both of which may induce significant muscle and bone loss. (psu.edu)
- Our results suggest that combining simulated space radiation with HLS results in additional bone loss that may not be experienced by muscle. (psu.edu)
- Loss of nmp4 optimizes osteogenic metabolism and secretion to enhance bone quality. (isbweb.org)
Astronauts1
- Astronauts who are weightless for long periods of time lose significant amounts of bone and muscle mass. (wikipedia.org)
Cartilage1
- Osteoarthritis is a progressive, age-related disease characterized by cartilage destruction and abnormal bone remodeling, resulting in joint pain and severe disability. (biomedcentral.com)
Mechanical1
- Rezaee T, Bouxsein ML, Karim L. Increasing fluoride content deteriorates rat bone mechanical properties. (bouxseinlab.org)
Fracture1
- Practices, where the tongue is handled (including during a dental procedure), can lead to a potential unbalancing of the hyoid or, in worst-case scenarios, a fracture of the hyoid bone. (balanceddressage.com.au)
Tissue2
- Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells. (lookformedical.com)
- This damage is caused by direct insult to the spinal cord or the tissue and bones around the spinal cord. (oxjournal.org)
Osteoblasts3
- Here we show that bone marrow endosteal SSCs are defined by fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 ( Fgfr3 ) and osteoblast-chondrocyte transitional (OCT) identities with some characteristics of bone osteoblasts and chondrocytes. (nature.com)
- Therefore, Fgfr3 + endosteal SSCs are abundant in young bone marrow and provide a robust source of osteoblasts, contributing to both normal and aberrant osteogenesis. (nature.com)
- Engraftment of donor-type MSC-derived osteoblasts was shown using bone specimens and microsatellite DNA marker analysis. (stemcellslab.net)
Dictate1
- Salt-inducible kinases dictate parathyroid hormone 1 receptor action in bone development and remodeling. (bouxseinlab.org)
Results3
- The results from the five-week mission experiment would have been compared against a variety of Earth-based controls, including vivarium, hindlimb suspension, partial weight suspension, flight habitat effects, and short-radius centrifuge testing. (wikipedia.org)
- The results from the experiment would be compared against a variety of earth based controls, including vivarium, hindlimb suspension, partial weight suspension, flight habitat effects, and short-radius centrifuge testing. (factualfiction.com)
- Results: 21 bone marrow samples were obtained from 17 patients. (unav.edu)
Populations1
- In the 1970s, Friedenstein and colleagues [1] first reported that locally applied culture-expanded populations of bone marrow stroma-derived fibroblastic cells remained at their injection sites under the kidney capsule, where an ectopic hematopoiesis was initiated. (stemcellslab.net)
Formation2
- However, the identity of SSCs in young bone marrow and how they coordinate active bone formation remains unclear. (nature.com)
- However, the identity of bone marrow SSCs during the transition, and how they contribute to active bone formation occurring in young stages remains unclear. (nature.com)
Macrophages1
- This can be circumvented by administering tamoxifen and then waiting for recombined circulating monocytes to be replaced by non-recombined monocytes from the bone marrow (~15-30 days), so that only resident macrophages (e.g. (elifesciences.org)
Cells4
- Heart, bone and even placenta are built on these networks of cells," says Lawrence Schwartz, Professor of Biology at the University of Massachusetts. (robert-gorter.info)
- Two-color analysis of the expression of CD117 on mouse bone marrow cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
- Any discrete, presumably solitary, mass of neoplastic PLASMA CELLS either in BONE MARROW or various extramedullary sites. (lookformedical.com)
- The term "transitional" emphasizes the unique feature of these cells that are particularly abundant in the young bone marrow. (nature.com)
Mouse2
- To determine the role of SMExo and myomiR in muscle-bone crosstalk, we generated a transgenic mouse line expressing the GFP-tagged CD63 (a general exosome marker) specifically in SM (SMCD63-GFP) for in vivo tracking of SMExo and myomiR under conditions of hindlimb unloading (HU) by tail suspension and natural aging, respectively. (edu.hk)
- A single-cell suspension of BALB/c bone marrow was simultaneously stained with FITC Rat Anti-Mouse CD45R/B220 (Cat. (bdbiosciences.com)
Human1
- Busse, B. Inter-site variability of the human osteocyte lacunar network: implications for bone quality. (isbweb.org)
Effects1
- Effects of FES-Rowing Exercise on the Time-Dependent Changes in Bone Microarchitecture After Spinal Cord Injury: A Cross-Sectional Investigation. (bouxseinlab.org)
Activity1
- This puts a spin on understanding to the term 'riding from your leg to your hand', and the connection between your leg aid and the activity of the hindlimb. (balanceddressage.com.au)
Found2
- No other bone parameters were found to vary significantly between groups. (cedarville.edu)
- The first characterful postcranial bones to be found were isolated astragali and calcanea from early Late Eocene strata of the Hampshire Basin, UK (Hooker, 2001). (palaeo-electronica.org)
Significant1
- So let's look after this tiny but significant bone. (balanceddressage.com.au)
Provide1
- This study will provide new mechanistic insight into muscle-bone crosstalk. (edu.hk)
Growth1
- Children who received transplants showed improved growth rates and started to synthesize intact bone. (stemcellslab.net)
Material2
- Test material was prepared at the appropriate cocentrations as a suspension in dried Arachis oil BP. (europa.eu)
- Dawson-Hughes B, Bouxsein M, Shea K. Bone material strength in normoglycemic and hyperglycemic black and white older adults. (bouxseinlab.org)