• Under the Renewable Fuels Standard passed in 2007, the Federal government requires certain volumes of ethanol to be blended into the U.S. transportation fuel supply. (greencarreports.com)
  • Short of an outright ban, however, it's important to note that state legislation doesn't necessarily affect the availability of ethanol-blended fuels. (greencarreports.com)
  • This fuel's exhaust emissions contained the lowest total oxygenates among the alcohol blends and the lowest NMOG of all fuels tested. (greencarcongress.com)
  • In releasing a proposed update to the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), the nation's top environmental agency set the table through 2025 for higher blending of renewable fuels with petroleum products to create gasoline. (startribune.com)
  • EPA's action allowing summertime E15 will help extend gasoline supplies, prevent fuel shortages, protect air quality and reduce carbon emissions," said Geoff Cooper, president and CEO of the Renewable Fuels Association. (wsav.com)
  • Earlier in his career, he was a group head with Exxon Research and Engineering Co., President of 3X Corp., and Vice-President of ABB Simcon, all in the area of fuels blending. (hydrocarbonprocessing.com)
  • Renewable Fuels Association CEO Geoff Cooper tells Brownfield ethanol helped expand the fuel market last year and kept gas prices from going even higher, and says gasoline stocks remain very tight. (agronewshubb.com)
  • A numerical investigation on the influence of EGR in a supercharged SI engine fueled with gasoline and alternative fuels. (asu.lt)
  • Recent research has shown that the hybrid fuels combining different reactivities (such as gasoline and diesel) can help in controlling HCCI ignition and burn rates. (wikipedia.org)
  • HCCI engines can operate on gasoline, diesel fuel, and most alternative fuels. (wikipedia.org)
  • If a blender pump dispenses multiple fuels that include E15 and higher ethanol blends, the EPA may require a minimum purchase requirement. (bikernet.com)
  • Gasoline blends with various ABE content (0 vol % to 80 vol % ABE, referred to as G100, ABE10, ABE20, ABE30, ABE60, and ABE80, respectively) were used as test fuels, where the volumetric concentration of A/B/E was 3:6:1. (illinois.edu)
  • As for unregulated emissions, acetaldehyde and 1,3-budatiene emissions increased with the increased ABE content in blend fuels. (illinois.edu)
  • Five fuels with varying ethanol contents of E0, E10, E30, E50, and E85 were prepared by blending ethanol into commercial gasoline on a volumetric basis and were analyzed each fuel specification. (korea.ac.kr)
  • Ethanol gasoline blended fuel has the potential to be used as an alternative to fossil fuels to reduce the total exhaust emissions from spark-ignition engines. (psmjournals.org)
  • As the cost of gasoline is periodically increasing the quest for alternative fuels is evolved with which the emissions are reduced along with improved engine performance. (psmjournals.org)
  • The addition of alcohol and ether fuels to gasoline leads to complete combustion due to the higher oxygen content, thereby leads to increased combustion efficiency and decreased engine emissions. (psmjournals.org)
  • demonstrated that the ethanol-gasoline blended fuels increased brake thermal efficiency with varying ethanol percentage in the blend and reduced brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC). (psmjournals.org)
  • Thus, ethanol-gasoline blended fuels could be a potential fuel for spark ignition (SI) engine and play a vital role in the near future especially for small and medium energy requirements. (psmjournals.org)
  • Our marine fuel hose offers excellent resistance to fire, heat, ozone and permeation by alcohol blended gasoline and diesel fuels. (marine-hoses.com)
  • Although Vaillancourt declined to state how much both fuels would cost, in its pilot, the City of Seattle paid $1.50 more per gallon for the isobutanol blend than it would regular gasoline. (greenfleetmagazine.com)
  • The goal of this research was to investigate consequences of using the new vehicle fuels, including bioethanol and biodiesel blends. (cdc.gov)
  • The compositions of biofuel blends and conventional fuels differed significantly. (cdc.gov)
  • Study results can be used to assess exposure and health impacts resulting from the use of new fuels and biofuel blends. (cdc.gov)
  • Results of a study led by a team from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory on the impact of butanol-gasoline blends on light-duty vehicle emissions suggest that widespread deployment of n-butanol or i-butanol in the gasoline pool could result in changes to the estimated emissions of alcohols and carbonyls in the emissions inventory. (greencarcongress.com)
  • i-butanol delivered a 29% reduction in CO from E16 and a 60% increase in formaldehyde emissions, compared to certification gasoline. (greencarcongress.com)
  • Ethanol-based vehicles are thought to generate less pollution than gasoline-based vehicles, because ethanol emissions contain lower concentrations of mono-nitrogen oxides than those from gasoline emissions. (nature.com)
  • Formation and restraint of toxic emissions in hydrogen-gasoline mixture fueled engines. (asu.lt)
  • HCCI designs achieve gasoline engine-like emissions with diesel engine-like efficiency. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study investigated the effects of various ethanol-gasoline blends on the hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) emissions from a wall-guided direct injection passenger vehicle. (korea.ac.kr)
  • The engine control schemes of fuel injection quantity for various ethanol blends were adjusted to optimize the engine starting capability, vehicle drivability and emissions performance. (korea.ac.kr)
  • A significant reduction in emissions is observed with ethanol blends compared to the standard gasoline with improved engine performance and emission characteristics. (psmjournals.org)
  • Hence, the use of 10% blend of ethanol is favorable for long-term applications in spark ignition (SI) engine, considering performance and emissions characteristics. (psmjournals.org)
  • In this study, the emissions from three passenger cars with gasoline, methanol, ethanol, and their blend were tested. (asme.org)
  • The City of Seattle experimented with the fuel last year in an effort to reduce petroleum fuel use, finding a 33% reduction in carbon emissions during a pilot using a blend of renewable isobutanol and gasoline. (greenfleetmagazine.com)
  • What is renewable gasoline and what does its development and use mean for government entities looking to reduce emissions? (greenfleetmagazine.com)
  • Characterization of biofuels blends: emissions, permeation and apportionment of volatile organic compounds. (cdc.gov)
  • Biodiesel blends generally reduced emissions of particulate matter, nonmethane hydrocarbons and VOCs, however, nitrogen oxides and formaldehyde emissions increased in certain conditions. (cdc.gov)
  • Minnesota farmers whose corn and soybeans are blended into biofuels received a long-awaited blueprint of a rule from the Environmental Protection Agency on Thursday that could pave the way to more biomass-based, domestic fuel stocks being mixed into the nation's vehicle engines. (startribune.com)
  • He has more than 45 years of experience in gasoline, diesel and biofuels blending operations and technology. (hydrocarbonprocessing.com)
  • The Governor directed the board to immediately allow oil refineries to make an early transition to winter-blend gasoline. (mymotherlode.com)
  • Winter-blend gasoline typically isn't sold until after October 31. (mymotherlode.com)
  • I am directing the Air Resources Board to immediately take whatever steps are necessary to allow an early transition to winter-blend gasoline. (mymotherlode.com)
  • Winter-blend gasoline is a mixture that evaporates more quickly than the gasoline sold in summer months, which takes longer to evaporate and is better for air quality during the smog season. (mymotherlode.com)
  • Allowing an early transition to winter-blend gasoline could increase California's fuel supply by up to an estimated 8-10 percent with only negligible air quality impacts. (mymotherlode.com)
  • On Friday, Governor Gavin Newsom asked his state's air resources board to speed up the timetable for the introduction of winter-blend gasoline in California. (iheart.com)
  • In light of the dramatic increase in gas prices that California is experiencing, we should not wait until the end of the month to start distributing or to ramp up production of our winter-blend gasoline,' reads Newsom's request to the board. (iheart.com)
  • Allowing refiners to make an early transition to winter-blend gasoline could quickly increase fuel supply and provide much needed safety valve with minimal air quality impacts. (iheart.com)
  • The only denaturants used for fuel ethanol shall be natural gasoline, gasoline components, or unleaded gasoline at the minimum concentration prescribed. (astm.org)
  • However, only a limited amount of natural gasoline could be included in finished gasoline because of its high volatility and its relatively low anti-knock quality (Lane 1980). (cdc.gov)
  • Some crude oils have a higher proportion of hydrocarbons with very high boiling points than other crude oils and therefore require more complex refinery configurations to produce lower boiling point hydrocarbons that are usable in gasolines. (citizendium.org)
  • At this time, gasoline-range hydrocarbons were recovered from "wet" natural gas. (cdc.gov)
  • Reforming processes convert lowoctane gasoline-range hydrocarbons into higher-octane ones. (cdc.gov)
  • The hydrocarbons in gasoline are readily absorbed by the lungs, less readily absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract, and poorly absorbed by intact skin. (cdc.gov)
  • At room temperature, gasoline is a colorless to pale brown or pink liquid with a wide range of boiling points: 90°F to 399°F (39°C to 204°C). Many of the hydrocarbons found in gasoline vaporize readily at room temperature. (cdc.gov)
  • Gasoline is flammable at temperatures above -51°F (-46°C). Most of the hydrocarbons in gasoline are insoluble in water and soluble in some organic solvents. (cdc.gov)
  • Weekly data for RBOB with Ether, RBOB with Alcohol, and Reformulated GTAB Motor Gasoline Blending Components are discontinued as of the week ending June 4, 2010 reporting period. (eia.gov)
  • Naphthas which will be used for blending or compounding into finished aviation or motor gasoline (e.g. straightrun gasoline, alkylate, reformate, benzene, toluene, and xylenes). (opisnet.com)
  • On May 31, 2019, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a final rule allowing the year-round sale of motor gasoline blends containing up to 15% fuel ethanol, or E15. (growthenergy.org)
  • Gasoline or petrol is a fuel, derived from petroleum crude oil , for use in spark-ignited internal combustion engines . (citizendium.org)
  • Gasoline and other end-products are produced from petroleum crude oil in petroleum refineries . (citizendium.org)
  • Furthermore, each refinery has its own unique configuration of petroleum refining processes that produces its own unique set of gasoline blend components. (citizendium.org)
  • At this point, the lab will test a sample from the rack tank to verify the blend's Research Octane Number (RON), American Petroleum Institute's (API) gravity, and Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) to ensure it matches what was certified in the blending tank. (theogm.com)
  • Blending amounts of alternative fuel with conventional fuel is one way to conserve petroleum. (psmjournals.org)
  • Since then, petroleum refineries have developed several processes to contribute to the production of gasoline. (cdc.gov)
  • In general, gasolines are blended from several petroleum refinery process streams that are derived by the following methods: direct distillation of crude oil, catalytic and thermal cracking, hydrocracking, catalytic reforming, alkylation, and polymerization. (cdc.gov)
  • Petroleum diesel and biodiesel blends, and their vapors had similar compositions, which were distinct from those of gasoline. (cdc.gov)
  • Louisiana and Washington require ethanol to make up 2 percent of the total volume of fuel sold, while the other states specify E10--a blend of 10 percent ethanol and 90 percent gasoline. (greencarreports.com)
  • As a blending and optimization specialist, he has worked with RAI for the past 6 yr in the areas of gasoline, diesel and bunker blending, ethanol nonlinear property correlations and octane boost, and naphtha and butane blending. (hydrocarbonprocessing.com)
  • From the viewpoint of performance when used in automotive spark-ignited internal combustion engines, the most important characteristic of a gasoline is its octane rating (discussed later in this article). (citizendium.org)
  • Traditionally, a lab uses an octane engine test to analyze the blend. (theogm.com)
  • Two fuel samples are taken to identify and bracket the octane level, which is then compared to a known standard that has been blended by a third-party laboratory for verification. (theogm.com)
  • Vaillancourt said isobutanol is ideal for blending with gasoline because of its low reid vapor pressure, above-average octane, and superior energy density. (greenfleetmagazine.com)
  • Its blending advantages include low reid vapor pressure, excellent octane, and high energy density. (greenfleetmagazine.com)
  • Catalytic cracking produces blending components for high-octane gasoline. (cdc.gov)
  • Maintaining annual volumes at or above 15 billion gallons will provide consistency for consumers," Syverson said, "ensuring that cleaner-burning, renewable biofuel blends like Unleaded 88 are readily available. (startribune.com)
  • Registration of ethanol to make E15 is a 'significant step toward its production, sale and use in model-year 2001 and newer gasoline-fueled cars and light trucks,' according to the EPA. (ngtnews.com)
  • E15 is a new fuel blend of 15 percent ethanol and 85 percent gasoline that the EPA has approved for use in 2001-and-newer passenger vehicles. (bikernet.com)
  • Besides investigating the gasoline-like model fuel, ethanol and an ethanol/multi-components fuel blend were investigated. (chalmers.se)
  • This facility produces gasoline and fuel components, low-sulfur diesel, jet fuel and lubricants. (lyondellbasell.com)
  • In the United States, organic lead compounds were phased out as anti-knock additives in 1997 and are no longer used in commercial gasoline. (cdc.gov)
  • Figure 4: Estimated changes in O 3 , NO, and CO concentrations as the gasoline share, s t gas , rose by 62 percentage points. (nature.com)
  • 2-3% (w/v). We determined that n-butanol partitions into the aqueous phase of a model gasoline/water system reaching concentrations of 42 g/L and up to 48 g/L from gasoline blends at 10% and 24% (v/v), respectively. (ornl.gov)
  • Now, EPA regulations do not permit intentional addition of lead or phosphorous to unleaded gasoline and limits their maximum concentrations to 0.013 g lead/L and 0.0013 g phosphorus/l. (cdc.gov)
  • Generally, the odor of gasoline provides adequate warning of hazardous concentrations. (cdc.gov)
  • Predictions of vapor concentrations were highly correlated to measurements, but activity coefficients are needed for ethanol blends. (cdc.gov)
  • However, as an average of all the refineries operating in the United States in 2007, [5] refining a barrel of crude oil (i.e., 42 gallons or 159 litres ) yielded 19.2 gallons (72.7 litres) of end-product gasoline as shown in the adjacent image. (citizendium.org)
  • For refineries, certification of a gasoline blend is a multi-step process. (theogm.com)
  • Boutique blend requirements for different markets imposes extra costs on refineries and make them less profitable. (americanthinker.com)
  • Conventional gasoline is mostly a blended mixture of more than 200 different hydrocarbon liquids ranging from those containing 4 carbon atoms to those containing 11 or 12 carbon atoms. (citizendium.org)
  • And some states--including Minnesota, Missouri, and Oregon--have exemptions for premium gasoline, or for fuel used in older vehicles. (greencarreports.com)
  • HCCI combines characteristics of conventional gasoline engine and diesel engines. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since HCCI engines are fuel-lean, they can operate at diesel-like compression ratios (>15), thus achieving 30% higher efficiencies than conventional SI gasoline engines. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here, we report the consequences of a real-world shift in fuel use in the subtropical megacity of São Paulo, Brazil, brought on by large-scale fluctuations in the price of ethanol relative to gasoline between 2009 and 2011. (nature.com)
  • The FE of the E85 fueled vehicle decreased by 29% relative to gasoline fuel due to the low energy content of ethanol. (korea.ac.kr)
  • n-Butanol or isobutanol as a value-added fuel additive to inhibit microbial degradation of stored gasoline. (ornl.gov)
  • Likewise, isobutanol blended in gasoline at 10% and 24% (v/v) partitioned into an aqueous phase at 45 g/L and 53 g/L, respectively. (ornl.gov)
  • The company produces a 16% isobutanol blend (blended with 84% gasoline) and is developing RG50, a 50% blend of isooctane. (greenfleetmagazine.com)
  • In comparison to ethanol-blended gasoline, isobutanol results in fewer operational issues associated with water solubility, materials compatibility, and corrosion, he said. (greenfleetmagazine.com)
  • This low water solubility and low oxygen content means a higher fraction of isobutanol and gasoline can be blended for the same oxygen content that ethanol would provide. (greenfleetmagazine.com)
  • With spectroscopy, samples of the gasoline blend are collected using a 785nm excitation laser and a non-contact probe through the sample container that produces a unique spectral fingerprint identifying the chemical composition and molecular structure of the gasoline. (theogm.com)
  • Ethanol is grain alcohol produced from crops such as corn that is mixed with gasoline to produce an ethanol-gasoline blend motor fuel. (bikernet.com)
  • Does anybody think an alternate source of crude oil at a price $48 less per barrel might help lower and stabilize the price of the gasoline refined from it? (americanthinker.com)
  • Keystone XL would transport Canadian (and North Dakotan) oil at far less expense than alternative means, such as Warren Buffet's railroad tanker cars, so the combination of larger supply and lower transport costs would exert downward pressure on prices for crude, and ultimately gasoline. (americanthinker.com)
  • Around 1912, distillation of crude oil alone could not satisfy the rapidly growing demand for gasoline. (cdc.gov)
  • Gasoline is produced by the distillation, cracking, and reforming of crude oil. (cdc.gov)
  • however, persons whose clothing or skin is contaminated with liquid gasoline can cause secondary contamination by direct contact or through off-gassing vapors. (cdc.gov)
  • Gasoline vapors are heavier than air and may collect in low-lying areas. (cdc.gov)
  • Gasoline vapors contain about 90% alkanes and 2% aromatics (0.9% benzene). (cdc.gov)
  • The ruling increases the availability of E15 blends in the United States, which are currently sold at more than 1,800 retail fuel stations across 31 states, according to Growth Energy , a trade association that represents producers and supporters of fuel ethanol. (growthenergy.org)
  • This specification covers nominally anhydrous denatured fuel ethanol intended for blending with unleaded or leaded gasolines for use as a spark-ignition automotive engine fuel. (astm.org)
  • 1.1 This specification covers nominally anhydrous denatured fuel ethanol intended to be blended with unleaded or leaded gasolines at 1 to 10 volume % for use as automotive spark-ignition engine fuel covered by Specification D4814 . (astm.org)
  • To simulate a fuel with a distillation curve similar to gasoline a multi-component model fuel was selected. (chalmers.se)
  • The results showed that ABE addition in the fuel blends could increase brake thermal efficiency and decrease unburned hydrocarbon (UHC), carbon dioxide (CO), and oxynitride (NOx). (illinois.edu)
  • Data from the Energy Information Administration shows the blend rate averaged nearly ten and-a-half percent, with ethanol production up two percent on the year and consumption growing to almost 14 billion gallons. (agronewshubb.com)
  • In the case of NYMEX gasoline futures contracts, the basic contract calls for the delivery of 42,000 gallons of unleaded gasoline to New York Harbor. (americanthinker.com)
  • Once blended, this would result in 1.2 million gallons of fuel. (greenfleetmagazine.com)
  • However, the predicted effect of various gasoline/ethanol blends on the concentration of atmospheric pollutants such as ozone varies between model and laboratory studies, including those that seek to simulate the same environmental conditions. (nature.com)
  • We caution that although gasoline use seems to lower ozone levels in the São Paulo metropolitan area relative to ethanol use, strategies to reduce ozone pollution require knowledge of the local chemistry and consideration of other pollutants, particularly fine particles. (nature.com)
  • B Based upon independent testing of AMSOIL Gasoline Stabilizer obtained Nov. 8, 2018 and Sea Foam Motor Treatment purchased Oct. 25, 2018 in the ASTM D525 using test fuel containing no oxidation-stability-improving additives. (amsoil.com)
  • Fuel additives are applied to gasoline to prevent biofouling but are relatively expensive, are not always effective against biofilms, and do not contribute to the combustibility of gasoline. (ornl.gov)
  • Additives and blending agents are added to improve the performance and stability of gasoline. (cdc.gov)
  • Various additives are blended into gasolines and may influence the properties and toxicity of specific gasoline samples (Table 1). (cdc.gov)
  • Most gasoline sold in the U.S. is blended with 10% ethanol and the higher 15% blend hasn't been allowed in the summer because of concerns it could worsen smog during hot weather. (wsav.com)
  • The EPA said its analysis shows allowing sales of the higher blend shouldn't have a significant impact on air quality. (wsav.com)
  • In March, the EPA proposed to permanently allow the higher blends in eight Midwestern states beginning in 2024. (wsav.com)
  • U.S. governors from eight Midwest states, many of which are major corn producers, asked the Biden administration on Thursday to apply rules that would allow gasoline blended with a higher level of ethanol to be sold year-round in their states. (indiatimes.com)
  • Nebraska U.S. Sen. Deb Fischer says she will file federal legislation to expand national sales of E15, a higher ethanol-gasoline blend. (okenergytoday.com)
  • Retailers who want to sell E15 also have the option of having a dedicated E15 pump or hose, or a pump that dispenses E15 and higher ethanol blends through a single hose. (bikernet.com)
  • Vaillancourt said the company is developing the higher isooctane blend to meet demand from the public sector. (greenfleetmagazine.com)
  • 1980). Polymerization combines two or more low molecular weight olefin gases into higher molecular weight olefin liquids suitable for gasoline blending or for use as chemical feed stocks. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition, they may be exposed to higher levels than adults in the same location because of their short stature and the higher levels of gasoline vapor found nearer to the ground. (cdc.gov)
  • Alkylation converts refinery gases into gasoline-range liquids of exceptionally high anti-knock quality. (cdc.gov)
  • Gasoline engines combine homogeneous charge (HC) with spark ignition (SI), abbreviated as HCSI. (wikipedia.org)
  • After an operations crew completes the physical blending, the onsite lab receives samples to ensure the blend is homogeneous. (theogm.com)
  • Gasoline is a volatile, flammable liquid. (cdc.gov)
  • The agency estimated that E15 blends cost about 25 cents less per gallon at the pump than E10 blends. (wsav.com)
  • Governors from Iowa, Illinois and Minnesota said in a letter to the Environmental Protection Agency that allowing the blend, known as E15, year-round would help lower gasoline prices, which have risen to over $4 per gallon after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. (indiatimes.com)
  • Gasoline Stabilizer provides fuel stability that Sea Foam Motor Treatment can't match, helping maintain startability and protect against the formation of varnish and gum. (amsoil.com)
  • An experimental investigation was conducted on the effect of equivalence ratios and engine loads on performance and emission characteristics using acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) and gasoline blends. (illinois.edu)
  • Earlier this month, President Joe Biden unveiled plans to allow summertime sales of E15, which blends gasoline with 15% ethanol. (indiatimes.com)
  • A summertime ban on E15 was imposed over concerns it contributes to smog in hot weather, though research has shown that the 15% blend may not increase smog relative to the more common E10 sold year-round. (indiatimes.com)
  • BOOST MY FUEL is a unique blend of oil soluble organo-metallics, which results in better overall performance of your internal-combustion engine. (boostmyfuel.com)
  • Numerical investigation on the combustion process in a spark-ignited engine fueled with hydrogen-gasoline blends. (asu.lt)
  • Minnesota Corn Growers Association President Richard Syverson, a farmer from Clontarf, said his group was pleased with the blending target. (startribune.com)
  • Expanded sales of the blend would likely broaden demand for corn-based ethanol. (indiatimes.com)
  • One set was tested using straight pump-grade gasoline (E0) and the other set was tested using pump-grade E10. (sae.org)
  • Fuel stations throughout the country will be able to sell gasoline blended with 15% ethanol during the summer under an emergency waiver issued Friday, April 28, 2023 by the Environmental Protection Agency in a move that could reduce prices at the pump and boost demand for the Midwest-based ethanol industry. (wsav.com)
  • A blender pump dispenses different fuel blends through the same hose, such as E10 and E15. (bikernet.com)
  • So the plan is simple: John Boehner and the House Republicans ought to pass a bill imposing the six-month moratorium on EPA regulations and an associated six-month waiver of the Jones Act and see what happens to gasoline futures prices. (americanthinker.com)
  • These are markets throughout the country that do not want ethanol in their gasoline but must comply with the Environmental Protection Agency's reformulated gasoline regulations that require oxygenation. (greenfleetmagazine.com)
  • In Canada and the United States of America , the word "gasoline" is commonly used and it is often shortened to simply "gas" although it is a liquid rather than a gas . (citizendium.org)