• The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. (wikipedia.org)
  • The earliest evidence for silk is the presence of the silk protein fibroin in soil samples from two tombs at the neolithic site Jiahu in Henan, which date back about 8,500 years. (wikipedia.org)
  • Fiorenzo Omenetto, holding a silk fibroin film illustrating various processing techniques. (sciencefriday.com)
  • Here, he and around a dozen students have been investigating how a silk protein called fibroin can be processed and fashioned into biodegradable materials and devices with a range of potential applications in medicine and beyond, from diagnostic imaging, to drug storage and delivery, to sensors for monitoring food quality . (sciencefriday.com)
  • Nearly three decades ago, Kaplan began studying the properties and functions of silk fibroin as a naturally occurring polymer. (sciencefriday.com)
  • After a decade of research, often in collaboration with Kaplan's group, Omenetto sees silk fibroin as "an absolutely amazing bridge" between biology and technology in the push toward improved personalized medicine. (sciencefriday.com)
  • In order to process silk for research, the researchers must convert the fiber back to a liquid state, purified to contain only the fibroin protein. (sciencefriday.com)
  • From that starting point of aqueous solution, silk fibroin then becomes "very tuneable," as Kaplan puts it. (sciencefriday.com)
  • My research area deals with the processing and modification of silk fibroin from Bombyx mori, double layered eggshell membrane, hair keratine, eggshell, crab shell, and adding more to the list for the development of bioscaffold. (nitj.ac.in)
  • We identified 30 proteins including a heavy chain fibroin, a light chain fibroin and fibrohexamerin (P25) that form the silk core, as well as members of several structural families that form the silk coating. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, the engineered exosomes modified for efficiently loading miR146a and attaching to silk fibroin patch (SFP) were demonstrated to promote diabetic wound healing. (bvsalud.org)
  • Silk fibroin binding peptide (SFBP) was screened through phage display, and SFBP-Gluc-MS2 (SGM) and pac-miR146a-pac fusion protein were constructed. (bvsalud.org)
  • To further understand the structure-function relationships for biomimetic materials for the purpose of designing a favorable implant microenvironment for osseointegration in vivo, the nano/micro hierarchical structure of silk fibroin (SF)/octacalcium phosphate (OCP) composite coating was constructed by controlling simply the SF concentration of the electrolyte during the electrochemical deposition process. (fzxb.org.cn)
  • Protein adsorption and cell response on bio-interfaces of silk fibroin/octacalcium phosphate composites[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(02): 41-46. (fzxb.org.cn)
  • Design and engineering of silk fibroin scaffolds with biomimetic hierarchical structures[J]. Chemical Communications, 2013,49(14):1431-1433. (fzxb.org.cn)
  • Its application to silk fibroin endows the natural material with additional advantages that make it extremely well suited as scaffolding biomaterial for the treatment of tendon and ligament pathologies that demand short-term high mechanical performance along with utmost biocompatibility and cell interaction. (upm.es)
  • Fibroin obtained from silkworm silk is processed into fibers exhibiting the excellent properties of the natural silks (biocompatibility and high performance) and are endowed with emergent properties such as mechanical pre-stressing and biological activity. (upm.es)
  • SFS technology imparts silk fibroin biomaterials outstanding mechanical properties in terms of strength and toughness, and adds the possibility of incorporating built-in-stresses to produce self-tightening sutures. (upm.es)
  • Silk fibroin biomaterials can be presented in several formats from individual fibers to yarns or strips. (upm.es)
  • Potential debris from Silk fibroin fibers is composed of proteins, which ensures its natural removal from the organism. (upm.es)
  • New article: Fabrication of hydrogel scaffolds via photocrosslinking of methacrylated silk fibroin. (genetika.ru)
  • Aqueous silk fibroin derived from Philosamia ricini (PR), Antheraea assamensis (AA), and Bombyx mori (BM) were cast as approximately 15 µm films with and without pores on which human CE cells were cultured. (arvojournals.org)
  • and (ii) the synthesis of hybrid micro-carrier system composed of alginate/silk fibroin and alginate/chondroitin sulphate. (fapesp.br)
  • Silk-elastin-like polymers (SELPs) are protein-based polymers composed of repetitive amino acid sequence motifs found in silk fibroin (GAGAGS) and mammalian elastin (VPGVG). (springeropen.com)
  • Most commonly, they are based on repetitions of the silk fibroin amino acid motif GAGAGS and the mammalian elastin conserved motif VPGVG, with the proportions, number and sequence of these repeated motifs governing the properties of the polymer. (springeropen.com)
  • He is lecturing Molecular Cell Biology, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering subjects to the 1st and 2nd cycles of Biomedical Sciences, Biochemistry, Bioengineering, Biotechnology as well as to the Pharmaceutical Sciences MSc. (cienciavitae.pt)
  • The Bayreuth researchers have so far successfully tested the microbe-repellent function on two types of spider silk materials: on films and coatings that are only a few nanometres thick and on three-dimensional hydrogel scaffolds which can serve as precursors for tissue regeneration. (innovations-report.com)
  • In this in vivo examination, porous cylindrical hydroxyapatite scaffolds with a hollow center were immersed in 100 m g/ml laminin solution and air-dried. (scirp.org)
  • Kukla DA, Stoppel WL, Kaplan DL, Khetani SR. Assessing the compatibility of primary human hepatocyte culture within porous silk sponges . (stoppellab.org)
  • The fabrication of 3D scaffolds with macro/micro porous architecture with nanoscale biopolymers and bioceramics by solvent casting-particulate leaching and freeze-drying methods have been employed in my research, however, efforts are being made towards electrospinning and 3D organ printing. (nitj.ac.in)
  • In this study, a porous piezoelectric hydrogel bone scaffold was fabricated by incorporating polydopamine (PDA)-modified ceramic hydroxyapatite (PDA-hydroxyapatite, PHA) and PDA-modified barium titanate (PDA-BaTiO 3 , PBT) nanoparticles into a chitosan/gelatin (Cs/Gel) matrix. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Advanced regenerative medicine strategies rely on the use of 3D scaffolds with tailored composition and porous structure in order to optimize tissue engineering processes. (magnusgroup.org)
  • Alvetex™ 3D cell culture systems are built around scaffold discs comprised of highly porous polystyrene - the same material used to make most disposable cell culture plasticware. (reprocell.com)
  • Here he also utilizes mesenchymal stem cells or their products incorporated in a biodegradable scaffold that undergoes substantial in vivo remodeling to develop a native-like blood vessel. (pitt.edu)
  • From the in vivo examination, laminin coating of the scaffolds induced hard tissue in the pores with the cells. (scirp.org)
  • It is concluded that laminin is useful for bone formation, as in an in vitro culture study using bone marrow cells, in hydroxyapatite scaffolds in vivo . (scirp.org)
  • Impact of bioactive molecule inclusion in lyophilized silk scaffolds varies between in vivo and in vitro assessments. (stoppellab.org)
  • Her research interests include the preparation and design of materials and scaffolds for in vitro and in vivo fundamental studies, and a further focus is the provision of useful tools to assess mechanisms that govern cell behavior in regenerative medicine. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • I was visiting the Society of Laproscopic Surgeons a couple of years ago to look at the equipment demos and it dawned on me that we needed to develop techniques to miniaturize scaffold production so we could do it in vivo. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Cell and animal experiments were performed to characterize the immunomodulatory, angiogenic, and osteogenic capabilities of the piezoelectric hydrogel scaffold in vitro and in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To determine the effects of the presence of valproic acid (VA), Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are seeded to the two scaffolds. (asme.org)
  • Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. (wikipedia.org)
  • As disparate as this small skull and its curio mates may seem, they share a common thread: They were all fashioned, at least in part, from a protein found in silk, that sinewy material produced by the caterpillar of the silkworm moth, Bombyx mori . (sciencefriday.com)
  • This project will build on our recent discovery of an unusual iron sulfur protein from an anaerobic microbe, which can enhance the activity of other iron-sulfur cluster enzymes when introduced into target cells frequently used in industrial biotechnology. (durham.ac.uk)
  • We constructed a silk gland specific transcriptome of Andraca theae and created a protein database required for peptide mass fingerprinting. (bvsalud.org)
  • We identified major silk components by proteomic analysis of cocoon silk and by searching for homologies with known silk protein sequences from other species. (bvsalud.org)
  • The present study aimed to prepare a kind of controlled-releasing insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)/spider silk protein nanofibrous membrane using a electrostatic spinning method and evaluated its effect on the cell viability of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). (bvsalud.org)
  • In summary, the nanofibrous membrane that exhibits controlled degradation and sustained release of IGF-1 was prepared with electrostatic spinning from genetically modified recombinant spider silk protein. (bvsalud.org)
  • Silks are protein supermaterials made by arthropods. (edu.au)
  • The production of artificial silks in the laboratory (for example using recombinant arthropod silk proteins expressed in bacteria) has the potential to deliver new smart protein materials with tunable properties and green chemistry. (edu.au)
  • This engineering approach in medicine offers remedy to existing problems through delivery of stem cells and bioactive molecules onto three dimensional (3D) artificial extracellular matrix (bio-scaffold) prepared from either natural or chemically synthesized biocompatible and biodegradable materials (biomaterials). (nitj.ac.in)
  • 8 nm).Ppy NPs effectively augment the conductivity, surface roughness, andthickness of BC composites despite reducing scaffolds' transparency.BC-Ppy composites were flexible (up to 10 mM Ppy), maintained theirintricate 3D extracellular matrix-like mesh structure in all Ppy concentrationstested, and displayed electrical conductivities in the range of nativecardiac tissue. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Scaffolds for tissue regeneration must present a viable microenvironment for the living cells to adhere, proliferate, and exhibit the necessary tissue function. (asme.org)
  • Within these areas, my research focuses on generating different types of 3D scaffold, such as hydrogels, nanofibres and microcarriers, from a range of biomaterials and tailoring their properties in order to promote 3D cell growth for a desired tissue target or application. (bath.ac.uk)
  • The flexibility of this process allows for including a wide array of synthetic and natural biocompatible polymers in the scaffold composition, inclusion of bioactive molecules (e.g. (asme.org)
  • Due to their large surface area and ability to interact with proteins and peptides, graphene oxides offer valuable physiochemical and biological features for biomedical applications and have been successfully employed for optimizing scaffold architectures for a wide range of organs, from the skin to cardiac tissue. (mdpi.com)
  • The new system offers fabrication of naturally occurring and synthetic polymers as well as a lot of control over fiber alignment and web porosity, hierarchical and spatial organization of fibrous scaffold and three-dimensional assemblies," says Badrossamay, a postdoctoral fellow in the Wyss Institute and member of Parker's lab at SEAS. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Silk-elastin-like polymers (SELPs) are PBPs composed of multiple repeats of both silk- and elastin-like motifs that combine the outstanding mechanical and biological properties of both these proteins. (springeropen.com)
  • Atelocollagen is a truncated, non-immunogenic form of bovine Type 1 collagen (derived from skin), and consequently can be used as a cell growth scaffold for in vitro culture and subsequent in situ implantation into lab animals. (reprocell.com)
  • At present there is not adequate material that can serve as scaffold in Tissue Engineering of tendons and ligaments, due to the required demand of biocompatibility, bioactivity and high mechanical performance. (upm.es)
  • Structural and morphological characterization of the scaffolds is also carried out. (asme.org)
  • Public summary: Engineering host cells to express recombinant enzymes is used in industrial biotechnology to produce high-value biochemicals like flavours, fragrances, vitamins and other compounds. (durham.ac.uk)
  • Cell culture on the scaffold and put it in the bioreactor is a critical step in the formation of tissues or organs. (sharif.edu)
  • Engineering Small-Scale and Scaffold-Based Bone Organs via Endochondral Ossification Using Adult Progenitor Cells. (unibas.ch)
  • The scaffolds, sponges and membranes are made from purified natural materials and support the 3D growth of mammalian cells. (reprocell.com)
  • A new production technology for high performance silk biomaterials. (upm.es)
  • There is an increasing need for the production of high performance, cell-responsive biomaterials for mechanical demanding applications such as sutures, threads and membranes for replacing or reinforcing structural supportive tissues and scaffolds in Tissue Engineering. (upm.es)
  • Ameri S, Singh P, D'Angelo R, Stoppel WL, Black LD III, Sonkusale S. Three dimensional graphene scaffold for cardiac tissue engineering and in-situ electrical recording . (stoppellab.org)
  • The myocardial nicheplays a critical role in directing the function and fate of cardiomyocytes;therefore, engineering a biomimetic scaffold holds excellent promise.We produced an electroconductive cardiac patch of bacterial nanocellulose(BC) with polypyrrole nanoparticles (Ppy NPs) to mimic the naturalmyocardial microenvironment. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Specifically, the employment of BC-Ppy compositesdrives partial H9c2 differentiation toward a cardiomyocyte-like phenotype.The scaffolds increase the expression of functional cardiac markersin H9c2 cells, indicative of a higher differentiation efficiency,which is not observed with plain BC. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Our results highlight the remarkablepotential use of BC-Ppy scaffolds as a cardiac patch in tissue regenerativetherapies. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • This diversity can be harnessed for the biodiscovery of new molecules with applications in research, biotechnology, and medicine. (edu.au)
  • Scaffold Composition Determines the Angiogenic Outcome of Cell-Based Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression by Modulating Its Microenvironmental Distribution. (unibas.ch)
  • The process involves seeding cells onto biocompatible scaffolds that temporarily act as a supporting structure for cells to attach and grow. (asme.org)
  • Biocompatible materials, such as polycaprolactone (PCL), have been used extensively to fabricate scaffolds using electrospinning technique, to study cell compatibility and to evaluate cell functionality for nerve tissue engineering applications. (asme.org)
  • Other types of arthropods produce silk, most notably various arachnids, such as spiders. (wikipedia.org)
  • My research interests are centred around the structure and function of venom and silk polypeptides produced by arthropods, and their use in biotechnology and medicine. (edu.au)
  • The best-known silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity (sericulture). (wikipedia.org)
  • Several kinds of wild silk, produced by caterpillars other than the mulberry silkworm, have been known and spun in China, South Asia, and Europe since ancient times, e.g. the production of Eri silk in Assam, India. (wikipedia.org)
  • Commercial silks originate from reared silkworm pupae, which are bred to produce a white-colored silk thread with no mineral on the surface. (wikipedia.org)
  • Wild silks also tend to be more difficult to dye than silk from the cultivated silkworm. (wikipedia.org)
  • SHAO Z, VOLLRATH F. Materials: surprising strength of silkworm silk[J]. Nature, 2002,418(6899):741. (fzxb.org.cn)
  • In the Bayreuth laboratories, spider silk proteins were specifically designed with various nanostructures in order to optimize biomedically relevant properties for specific applications. (innovations-report.com)
  • Fiber diameter and tensile properties of the scaffolds with and without valproic acid are also observed. (asme.org)
  • Progress in silk and silk fiber-inspired polymeric nanomaterials for drug delivery. (stoppellab.org)
  • The silk fiber consists of insoluble filamentous proteins that form a silk core and are produced in the posterior part of the SG and soluble coat proteins consisting of sericins and various other polypeptides secreted in the middle part of the SG. (bvsalud.org)
  • These factors all contribute to the ability of the whole cocoon to be unravelled as one continuous thread, permitting a much stronger cloth to be woven from the silk. (wikipedia.org)
  • A technique known as demineralizing allows the mineral layer around the cocoon of wild silk moths to be removed, leaving only variability in color as a barrier to creating a commercial silk industry based on wild silks in the parts of the world where wild silk moths thrive, such as in Africa and South America. (wikipedia.org)
  • Silk is mainly produced by the larvae of insects undergoing complete metamorphosis, but some insects, such as webspinners and raspy crickets, produce silk throughout their lives. (wikipedia.org)
  • Silk was first woven into a textile some 5,000 years ago in China. (sciencefriday.com)
  • master students in Materials Engineering (University of Trento and Politecnico di Milano), Cellular and Molecular Biotechnologies, bachelor student in Science and Biomolecular Technologies, master students, Industrial Engineering master students. (unitn.it)
  • Some natural silk structures have been used without being unwound or spun. (wikipedia.org)
  • The decisive factor rather lies in structures at the nanometre level, which make the spider silk surfaces microbe-repellent. (innovations-report.com)
  • DNA, proteins) for enhancing therapeutic applications, and ability to control material and mechanical properties via the electrospinning process - all advantageous parameters that contribute to the promise of utilizing electrospun scaffolds in tissue repair. (asme.org)
  • The incorporation of BaTiO 3 into the scaffold improved its mechanical properties and increased self-generated electricity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • and third, many wild cocoons are covered in a mineral layer that prevents attempts to reel from them long strands of silk. (wikipedia.org)
  • Silk cocoons. (sciencefriday.com)
  • The objective of this study is to quantify the effects of the addition of valproic acid to PCL nanofiber scaffolds created through the electrospinning process with regards to cell proliferation. (asme.org)
  • This study tests the hypothesis that the presence of valproic acid in PCL nanofiber scaffolds will enhance cell proliferation. (asme.org)
  • We have particular interest in the development of scaffolds for musculoskeletal repair and the use of cell carriers for cell scale-up and delivery. (bath.ac.uk)
  • BC-Ppy scaffolds improved cell viability andattachment, promoting a desirable cardiomyoblast morphology. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Among various bioreactors, perfusion bioreactor due to increase of convection in the structure of cell-scaffold is widely used. (sharif.edu)
  • but, generally, only the silk of moth caterpillars has been used for textile manufacturing. (wikipedia.org)
  • The silk produced by Lepidoptera caterpillars is a mixture of proteins secreted by the transformed labial glands, the silk glands (SG). (bvsalud.org)
  • The production of silk originated in China in the Neolithic period, although it would eventually reach other places of the world (Yangshao culture, 4th millennium BC). (wikipedia.org)
  • Silk production remained confined to China until the Silk Road opened at some point during the latter part of the 1st millennium BC, though China maintained its virtual monopoly over silk production for another thousand years. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, the scale of production was always far smaller than for cultivated silks. (wikipedia.org)
  • Natural spider silk is highly resistant to microbial infestation and the reproduction of these properties in a biotechnological way is a break-through", adds Prof. Dr.-Ing. (innovations-report.com)
  • The physical and chemical properties of the Cs/Gel/PHA scaffold with 0-10 wt% PBT were analyzed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In an attempt to create new polymer designs with improved properties and applicability, we have developed four novel SELPs wherein the elastomer forming sequence poly(VPGVG) is replaced with a plastic-like forming sequence, poly(VPAVG), and combined in varying proportions with the silk motif. (springeropen.com)
  • In the caterpillar, however, silk starts out as a liquid mixture of proteins, salt, and water stored in an organ called the silk gland. (sciencefriday.com)
  • Such studies will enable us to understand the effects of drugs such as valproic acid on stem cells and will aid in designing scaffolds for applications in nerve regeneration. (asme.org)
  • Because of its texture and lustre, silk rapidly became a popular luxury fabric in the many areas accessible to Chinese merchants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, the only way to obtain silk suitable for spinning into textiles in areas where commercial silks are not cultivated was by tedious and labor-intensive carding. (wikipedia.org)
  • The purpose of this study was to determine if non-mulberry varieties of silk are suitable for the culture of corneal endothelium (CE). (arvojournals.org)
  • The shimmering appearance of silk is due to the triangular prism-like structure of the silk fibre, which allows silk cloth to refract incoming light at different angles, thus producing different colors. (wikipedia.org)