• After the validation process, by applying the scoring function, the final protein-miRNA-lncRNA tripartite network was constructed, and significant miRNAs and lncRNAs were identified. (figshare.com)
  • This study identified 127 shared SNPs, 7 proteins, 15 miRNAs, and 11 lncRNAs involved in the cross-talk between DM and AD. (figshare.com)
  • Different network analysis and scoring function suggested the most significant miRNAs and lncRNAs as potential candidate biomarkers for wet laboratory experiments. (figshare.com)
  • Emerging evidence indicates that Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in tumor progression, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pseudogene, a subclass of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are considered as genomic loci that resemble real gene, but lost some functionality because they are lack of protein-coding ability because of disabling mutation, lack of transcription, or their inability to encode RNA [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bioinformatics algorithms including miRCODE ( http://www.mircode.org/ ) suggest that miRNAs can interact with lncRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A series of studies indicate that lncRNAs serve as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) by sponging miRNAs, and modulate the targets of miRNAs [ 15 , 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of this mini-review is to discuss emerging epigenetic roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). (frontiersin.org)
  • In particular, there are incremental examples of the participation of the distinct class of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in AML epigenetic regulation, some of which have translational potential. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this review, we focus on the impact of ncRNA post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, especially those of microRNAs and lncRNAs, in RA signalling pathways during differentiation and disease. (mdpi.com)
  • It is generally recognized that most of the mammalian genome is transcribed into ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The second group includes rRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which to date are very poorly functionally annotated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In-depth analysis revealed that lncRNAs is an extensive and very heterogenic group from mRNA-like transcripts to circular RNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to the GENCODE project one third of all human lncRNAs genes are primate-specific [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Non-coding RNAs represent a potential course of disease-associated biomarkers looking into little non-coding RNAs such as for example microRNAs (miRNAs) and lengthy non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), respectively5. (phytid.org)
  • Before, we among others supplied proof that miRNAs aswell as lncRNAs are connected with HCM in bloodstream and heart tissues6C9. (phytid.org)
  • Then, five lncRNAs were predicted to potentially bind to the four miRNAs. (aging-us.com)
  • It has been demonstrated that non-coding RNAs, more specifically, microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), play essential roles in tumor progression [ 9 , 10 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • The expression profiles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs of PEX-treated dendritic cells are unknown. (jcancer.org)
  • For example, exosomes and nanovesicles secreted by living cells serve as intercellular couriers of mRNA, microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and proteins and have thus garnered considerable interest [ 3 ]. (jcancer.org)
  • These regions are usually transcribed into long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • New sequencing technologies have shown that a large number of aberrantly expressed lncRNAs are associated with multiple cancer types and indicated they have emerged as an important class of pervasive genes during the development and progression of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Finally, the potential of lncRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for OSCC diagnosis are also described. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This review is focused on hereditary diseases in the pathogenesis of which long non-coding RNAs play an important role. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Based on the length of the transcript non-coding RNAs are divided into two groups: short and long non-coding RNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The function is performed by identifying 3′-UTRs (untranslated regions) of target mRNAs with conserved complementarities to the seed (nucleotides 2-7) of the miRNA. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. (cancerindex.org)
  • The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. (cancerindex.org)
  • miRNAs are endogenous, small (~22 nucleotides), single-stranded, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level by binding to the 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) of their target mRNAs [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • When miRNAs completely bind to their target mRNAs, degradation of the target mRNAs will be initiated. (hindawi.com)
  • MiRNAs bind the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of target mRNAs. (ukessays.com)
  • MiRs modulate mRNA amounts and translation through canonical bottom pairing between your seed sequence from the miRNA (nucleotides 2-8 on (-)-Catechin gallate the 5′end) as well as the complementary seed match sequences of focus on mRNAs which are usually situated in the 3′ untranslated area (UTR) [3]. (biongenex.com)
  • Increasing evidence indicates that EBV miRNAs target the host mRNAs involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis and transformation. (ijbs.com)
  • miRNAs are able to post-transcriptionally control gene expression by binding to target mRNAs [ 15 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • An interaction network formed by DE mRNAs, DE miRNAs, and important pathways was discovered after we analyzed the functional enrichment, protein-protein interactions, and miRNA targetome prediction analysis. (frontiersin.org)
  • In conclusion, this study suggested that five significantly downregulated mRNAs (MAPK8, CDC42, NDUFS1, COX4I1, and SDHC) and three significantly downregulated miRNAs (miR-126-5p, miR-19-3p, and miR-29a-3p) were potentially useful diagnostic markers in clinic, and lipid metabolism (especially non-alcoholic fatty liver disease pathway) and mitochondrial dysregulation may be the keys to biochemically detectable molecular defects. (frontiersin.org)
  • miRNAs control gene expression by binding to the complementary sites in the 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs) of target mRNAs and triggering either translational inhibition or mRNA degradation by a molecular mechanism which is a subject of intense investigation [ 6 - 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is likely that the intronic miRNAs are processed from the same primary transcript as the precursor mRNAs and thus, their expression levels are regulated by the expression of the host mRNA [ 39 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MiRNAs, short (18-24 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs, are derived from long transcripts pri-miRNAs and pre-miRNAs [ 26 - 30 ].By targeting 3' untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of cognate mRNAs, miRNAs post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and induce translational repression [ 29 , 30 ]. (intechopen.com)
  • Some snoRNAs could be processed to produce molecules like miRNA which drive post-translational gene silencing on complementary mRNAs 20-22 . (ajmb.org)
  • Results: Using the Target Scan Vert algorithm, we identified several integrin subunit-encoding mRNAs as potential targets of miR-103b. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Gene Ontology (GO), KEGG, and cancer genomics analyses were performed to identify significant functions, pathways, and the associations of differentially expressed mRNAs. (jcancer.org)
  • Cancer genomics analysis revealed that 36 of the most differentially expressed mRNAs were involved in a pancreatic cancer network and were associated with many critical mutated genes such as TP53, KRAS, SMAD4, and CDKN2A. (jcancer.org)
  • Circulating microRNAs are endogenous miRNAs that are detectable in whole blood, serum, or plasma in a highly stable form. (hindawi.com)
  • In addition to expression changes in tissues, more recent studies have indicated that miRNAs are detectable in serum, plasma, urine, and other body fluids in a highly stable form that is protected from endogenous RNase activity [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • High-density lipoprotein (HDL) has been reported to transport endogenous miRNAs and deliver them to recipient cells with functional targeting capabilities besides its basic role as a delivery vehicle for excess cellular cholesterol. (hindawi.com)
  • Mechanistically, PTTG3P upregulated the expression of miR-383 targets Cyclin D1 (CCND1) and poly ADP-ribose polymerase 2 (PARP2) by sponging miR-383, acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). (biomedcentral.com)
  • ncRNAs are a large family of RNAs with microRNAs (miRNAs) being one kind of endogenous RNA which lack encoded proteins. (drtaheriazam.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRs) are small endogenous non-coding RNAs that regulate the balance and/or translation of complementary mRNA goals. (biongenex.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNA) are endogenous, noncoding RNAs that direct gene repression by inhibiting the mRNA stability or translation [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Endogenous antisense RNAs function as regulators of gene expression by a variety of mechanisms. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • These unique miRNAs may be clinically applicable to predict prognosis and distant metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC). (wikipedia.org)
  • Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are a potential choice for novel biomarkers in AMI diagnosis and prognosis with high sensitivity and specificity. (hindawi.com)
  • Some miRNAs, such as miR-208, miR-499, miR-133, and miR-1, were given special attention, since they may have a potential prospect in diagnosis and prognosis of AMI. (hindawi.com)
  • Thus, it is urgent to understand the molecular mechanism of HCC tumorigenesis to explore novel biomarkers for HCC prognosis, which will promote the development of therapeutic strategy for HCC patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition to its potential as a drug target, MIR374B also holds promise as a biomarker for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response. (silexon.ai)
  • For example, in hepatocellular carcinoma, the downregulation of MIR374B has been associated with advanced disease stages and poor prognosis, making it a potential biomarker for disease progression. (silexon.ai)
  • Moreover, circRNAs have emerged as potential biomarkers for RCC diagnosis and prognosis and targets for developing new treatments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, increased levels of miR-210 are directly correlated with poor patient outcomes, suggesting that it could be a potential biomarker for RCC diagnosis and prognosis [ 27 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Consequently, miRNAs can potentially be useful in the detection, classification, prognosis, and therapy of human malignancies 18 . (ajmb.org)
  • Therefore, we explored the expression profiles of CENPU gene in breast carcinoma to better understand the functions of this gene, as well as the relationship between CENPU expression and the prognosis of breast carcinoma patients. (aging-us.com)
  • Functional annotation indicated that 17 of these genes were involved in the PLK1 signaling pathway, with most of them (16/17) being expressed at significantly higher levels in malignant tissues compared with normal controls and correlating with a poor prognosis. (aging-us.com)
  • Several studies demonstrate important associations between differential expression of micro-RNAs (miRs) and the prognosis of CRC. (biorxiv.org)
  • Note that by convention gene names are italicized and the proteins they make are not. (cancerquest.org)
  • The mutant proteins often retain some of their capabilities but are no longer sensitive to the controls that regulate the normal form of the protein. (cancerquest.org)
  • CircRNAs exert their biological effects by 4 different mechanisms: serving as sponges of microRNAs (miRNAs), serving as sponges of RNA binding proteins (RBPs), modulating parental gene transcription, and encoding functional proteins. (techscience.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRs) little noncoding 18- to 24-nucleotide RNAs are forecasted to regulate appearance in excess of 90% of proteins encoding genes thus affecting diverse mobile and molecular procedures [2]. (biongenex.com)
  • An increasing body of evidence suggests that aberrant microRNA expression enhances the development of drug resistance by interfering with the expression of target proteins that may be drug transporters, drug targets, or cell apoptosis- and cell-cycle-related components, resulting in cells with different degrees of sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MiRNA expression is frequently altered during cancer development, associated with dysregulated expression of a plethora of different miRNAs, their biogenesis or processing proteins, such as DROSHA and DICER1 ( 1 ). (amegroups.org)
  • In the central dogma RNA acts as a simple intermediary between the DNA that carries the genetic information and the proteins that define the whole variety of biological processes in the cell. (biomedcentral.com)
  • More than half of all human genes are alternatively spliced, so it is expected that alternative pre- mRNA splicing will be responsible for the identification of more than 90 percent of all human proteins. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • It unravels the secrets of genes, which are segments of genetic material, such as DNA, containing instructions for building proteins and controlling various cellular processes. (freescience.info)
  • By investigating nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, as well as proteins and other biomolecules, scientists gain insights into gene expression, protein synthesis, gene transfer, and more. (freescience.info)
  • By studying genes, proteins, and other molecules within cells, biologists can identify genetic mutations responsible for inherited disorders. (freescience.info)
  • There is growing evidence that regions of the genome that cannot encode proteins play an important role in diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The miR-885-5p form of this microRNA acts as a tumour suppressor in neuroblastoma, through interference with cell cycle progression and cell survival. (wikipedia.org)
  • Of the 30,000 or so genes that are currently thought to exist in the human genome , there is a small subset that seems to be particularly important in the prevention, development, and progression of cancer. (cancerquest.org)
  • In cancer, dysregulation of miRNAs can facilitate disease progression and therapeutic resistance, affecting tumour-suppressors and oncogenes. (amegroups.org)
  • These miRNA alterations are potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers when assessing patient disease progression or guiding clinical management. (amegroups.org)
  • Regulatory noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in the regulation of gene expression [ 5 ] and are potential candidates for studying their role in the progression of PCa to androgen-independent stage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the initiation and progression of NSCLC. (ajmb.org)
  • miRNAs may function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, thus dysregulated expressions participate in cancer development and progression 16,17 . (ajmb.org)
  • Recent evidences demonstrate that dysregulated expression of microRNA-320d (miR-320d) has been associated with several cancer development and progression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Modulating miR-320d function by transfection of miR-320 mimics or inhibitor led to inhibition or promotion of GCA cell proliferation and invasion, thus regulating tumor progression in GCA-tumor bearing mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mature microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, well-conserved, non-coding RNA molecules that silence gene expression usually by interfering with mRNA stability or protein translation ( 6 , 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules that are not translated into protein products. (nature.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression. (silexon.ai)
  • They function by binding to messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules and inhibiting their translation into protein. (silexon.ai)
  • ASOs are short synthetic DNA or RNA molecules that can bind to specific mRNA or miRNA targets, preventing their function or promoting their degradation. (silexon.ai)
  • Small molecules can interfere with miRNA biogenesis or activity, offering a potential means to modulate MIR374B expression. (silexon.ai)
  • Researchers have identified small molecules that can selectively inhibit other miRNAs, such as miR-21 and miR-122, providing a blueprint for the development of similar inhibitors targeting MIR374B. (silexon.ai)
  • A growing body of evidence indicates that epigenetic regulators rely, amongst other factors, on their interaction with untranslated RNA molecules for guidance to particular targets on DNA. (frontiersin.org)
  • Non (protein)-coding RNAs are the most abundant transcriptional products of the coding genome, and comprise several different classes of molecules with unique lengths, conformations and targets. (frontiersin.org)
  • Because alternative RNA splicing allows different types of mRNA molecules to be created from a single gene, it generates the diversity of protein function and structure that is essential to complex organisms. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • RNA molecules which hybridize to complementary sequences in either RNA or DNA altering the function of the latter. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • More specifically, antisense oligonucleotides that are useful as reagents for target validation , or as drugs, are engineered molecules that differ from natural RNA but that have a base sequence that is recognized as being complementary to a very specific mRNA sequence. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • Up to 30% of human protein-coding genes may be regulated by miRNAs ( 8 , 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • It is essential to exhaustively interrogate complex mRNA isoforms of protein-coding genes with an unified data resource. (nature.com)
  • In order to investigate representative mRNA transcript isoforms to be utilized as transcriptome analysis references, we utilized GTEx data to establish a top-ranked transcript isoform expression data resource for human protein-coding genes. (nature.com)
  • Distinctive tissue specific expression profiles and modulations could be observed for individual top-ranked transcripts of protein-coding genes. (nature.com)
  • One major difficulty confronted is complex alternatively spliced transcript isoforms in human protein-coding genes. (nature.com)
  • Therefore, information regarding reference annotated mRNA transcripts of respective human protein-coding genes would be beneficial for biomedical researches and pathological sequence variation analyses. (nature.com)
  • These studies provided us more information on the spliced transcript isoforms of protein-coding genes as well as more understanding on their expression profiles and translated protein products in human tissues and diseases. (nature.com)
  • A large number of miRNAs are encoded in organized intronic clusters within many protein coding genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gene expression modulating miRNAs are encoded in diverse genomic locations including intergenic regions, introns of protein-coding genes and introns/exons of noncoding RNA genes [ 36 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To date, 1527 human miRNAs have been identified (Sanger miRBase 18 http://www.miRbase.org/index.shtml), forming less than 1% of all human genes, potentially regulating more than 10% of all protein coding genes [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
  • miRNAs can post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of myriad of different target genes including more than 30% of protein coding genes 9 , thereby managing an extensive spread of biological functions such as cellular proliferation 10 , apoptosis 11 and differentiation 12 . (ajmb.org)
  • What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
  • The ncRNAs regulate various molecular pathways and mechanisms in cancer that can lead to induction/inhibition of carcinogenesis. (drtaheriazam.com)
  • As a consequence, any modulations of the target transcript expression, miRNAs can affect various signalling pathways and cellular process such as apoptosis, proliferation or differentiation. (ukessays.com)
  • These alterations can take the form of epigenetic modifications, point mutations, translocations, amplifications or deletions and modify gene functions in ways that deregulate cellular signalling pathways leading to the cancer phenotype. (bmj.com)
  • In recent years, emerging studies have highlighted the critical role of these pathways and their regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer invasion and metastasis. (intechopen.com)
  • In addition, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) integrated with PCR array data showed that the JAK1/STAT3 pathway was significantly altered in cells overexpressing DEFB1, suggesting this to be one of the pathways by which defensin regulates IAV replication in HBEpCs. (cdc.gov)
  • Germ granules are membraneless organelles that act as organizing centers for small RNA biogenesis during germline development. (nature.com)
  • The biogenesis of miRs is usually a highly regulated multistep process [7]. (biongenex.com)
  • MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • They encode the majority of the human genome and regulate gene expression through a variety of mechanisms. (figshare.com)
  • Among the 4 mechanisms, sponging miRNAs is predominant. (techscience.com)
  • Intriguingly, some of the top-ranked transcripts are noncoding splicing isoforms, which imply diverse gene regulation mechanisms. (nature.com)
  • However, the role of these new biomarkers and molecular mechanisms in PD requires further experiments in vivo and in vitro and further clinical evidence. (frontiersin.org)
  • At the genomic level, it is rather difficult to analyze the disease, especially sporadic PD, from a single gene mutation, and it is more the imbalance in gene expression and phenotypic changes were caused by a variety of regulatory mechanisms which act as mediators between genotype and phenotype. (frontiersin.org)
  • More importantly, our data indicate the possibility of additional novel mechanisms for intronic miRNA processing in PCa cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They regulate gene expression through different mechanisms [ 10 ] and play a diverse role in many cellular processes [ 11 - 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • For example, miR-210 is upregulated in RCC and it regulates VHL, HIF-1, and HIF-2, which in turn promote RCC aggressiveness via multiple mechanisms [ 27 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A new study shows that increased levels of reactive oxygen species in cancer induce widespread, sequence-specific modifications of guanines in the seed regions of microRNAs, altering the targets of those miRNAs and influencing tumorigenesis. (nature.com)
  • In recent years, there has been a growing interest in identifying novel drug targets and biomarkers for various diseases. (silexon.ai)
  • Therefore, miRNAs could consider as cancer targets. (ukessays.com)
  • An in-depth understanding of the functions of EBV miRNAs in host antiviral immunity will shed light on the EBV-host interactions and provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of EBV-associated malignancies. (ijbs.com)
  • The aim of our study was to determine the candidate target genes in PD through meta-analysis of multiple gene expression arrays datasets and to further combine mRNA and miRNA expression analyses to identify more convincing biological targets and their regulatory factors. (frontiersin.org)
  • Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the underlying molecular events and identify novel therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for effective management of breast cancer. (aging-us.com)
  • However, only a few systematic reviews emphasize the most relevant miRs able to contribute to the establishment of new prognostic biomarkers in CRC patients. (biorxiv.org)
  • Specific tissue miRs are shown to be promising prognostic biomarkers in patients with CRC, given their strong association with the prognostic aspects of these tumors, however, new studies are necessary to establish the sensibility and specificity of the miRs in order to use them in clinical practice. (biorxiv.org)
  • MiRs play a critical role in metastasis likely due to their ability to post-transcriptionally regulate gene networks important for cell invasion motility and migration [6]. (biongenex.com)
  • miRNAs can either function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors ( 10 , 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The normal versions of genes in the first group are called proto-oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
  • The mutated or otherwise damaged versions of these genes are called oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
  • We have two copies of each gene and for oncogenes, a single defective copy is enough to cause a cell to divide. (cancerquest.org)
  • Numerous genes have been identified as proto-oncogenes. (cancerquest.org)
  • Some proto-oncogenes work to regulate cell death. (cancerquest.org)
  • As stated in the introduction to this section, the defective versions of these genes, known as oncogenes, can cause a cell to divide in an unregulated manner. (cancerquest.org)
  • 1) The alternation of protein levels of critical oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes, which causes by miRNAs deregulation may also lead to proliferative diseases such as cancer. (ukessays.com)
  • These are divided into two group, those miRNAs that are upregulated in cancer which are likely to be acting as oncogenes and those downregulated in cancer which are likely to be acting as tumour suppressors. (ukessays.com)
  • 10 Genes that, when activated, contribute to the carcinogenesis are generally termed proto-oncogenes. (bmj.com)
  • The mutated forms of these genes are referred to as oncogenes. (bmj.com)
  • miRNAs are involved in biological and pathological processes including cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and metabolism, and they are emerging as highly tissue-specific biomarkers with potential clinical application for defining cancer types and origins. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • TRIM13 inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis by regulating NF-κB pathway in non-small-cell lung carcinoma cells. (cancerindex.org)
  • Long non-coding (lnc)RNAs play important roles in the development, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis of cells ( 6 , 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Cellular miR-103 downregulates certain genes in other cell types and promotes apoptosis. (eurekaselect.com)
  • However, whether miR-103b can target and downregulate ITGB3 in stored platelets and such miRNA regulation promotes apoptosis is not known. (eurekaselect.com)
  • MicroRNAs, a key class of gene expression regulators, have emerged as crucial players in various biological processes such as cellular proliferation and differentia-tion, development and apoptosis. (123dok.net)
  • Colorectal cancer Core tip: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a key class of gene ex-pression regulators, have emerged as crucial players in various biological processes such as cellular prolifera-tion and differentiaprolifera-tion, development and apoptosis. (123dok.net)
  • Hier de conclusie van deze review en daaronder een studie abstract met ranpirnasse uit 2002 met bijzonder goede resultaten op de mediane overlevingstijd. (kanker-actueel.nl)
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are commonly dysregulated in disease pathogenesis, and their role in cancer has been well-documented. (drtaheriazam.com)
  • The field of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) has made significant progress in understanding the pathogenesis of diseases and has broadened our knowledge towards their targeting, especially in cancer therapy. (drtaheriazam.com)
  • By now, miRNAs have been well-coined in pathogenesis and development of cancer. (drtaheriazam.com)
  • Remarkably, EBV-encoded miRNAs are abundantly expressed in latently-infected cells and serve important function in viral infection and pathogenesis. (ijbs.com)
  • Advances in miRNA profiling techniques have highlighted the significance of both EBV- and human genome-encoded miRNAs in the pathogenesis of NPC. (amegroups.org)
  • miRNAs, the best-studied class of ncRNAs, are involved in the pathogenesis of different cancers, including RCC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Scientific emerging evidences suggest the potential involvement of altered miRNA expressions in the pathogenesis of human cancers 13-15 . (ajmb.org)
  • gene loci structures and their regulation. (nature.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that have been termed "master regulators of the genome" given their significance in post-transcriptional gene regulation, and roles in a multitude of normal and disease processes. (amegroups.org)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs, typically 21-23 nucleotides long, that function in post-transcriptional gene regulation typically through translation inhibition and/or mRNA degradation ( 1 ). (amegroups.org)
  • MicroRNAs involved in the epigenetic regulation of autophagy. (peerj.com)
  • Then, protein-microRNA (miRNA) and miRNA-long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) bipartite networks were built and significant ncRNAs were extracted. (figshare.com)
  • qPCR and Western blot were used to analyze LncRNA PTTG3P, miR-383 and other target genes' expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay were carried out to detect the interaction between miR-383 and LncRNA PTTG3P. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A total 3 short hairpin RNA (sh)‑lncRNA XIST sequences, overexpression vector (oe)‑lncRNA XIST, microRNA (miR)‑320a mimic, miR‑320a inhibitor, PIK3CA inhibitor, and their corresponding controls were transfected in hepatic carcinoma cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The lncRNA XIST negatively targeted miR‑320a, and miR‑320a negatively regulated the expression of PIK3CA. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Thousands of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes are annotated in the human genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Altered expression of multiple genes is observed with miR-885-5p, including the CDK2 and MCM5 genes encoding cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and mini-chromosome maintenance protein MCM5, and also with several p53 target genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The direct comparison of expression patterns of metastasis-specific microRNAs (miRNAs) in primary CRCs (pCRCs) and matched liver metastases (LMs) provides a feasibility of their clinical application as metastasis-specific biomarkers. (wikipedia.org)
  • It has been suggested that abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is associated with carcinogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancerindex.org)
  • In the last few years, the dysregulation of tissue expression levels of miRNAs has been directly linked to cardiac disease. (hindawi.com)
  • Here the authors identify chromatin-bound RNAs and their binding sites in human embryonic stem cells suggesting that most chromatin-associated RNAs act proximal to their encoding loci and single RNAs are unlikely to alter gene expression. (nature.com)
  • H19 was also found to induce p-glycoprotein expression and MDR1-associated drug resistance in hepatic carcinoma cells by regulating the demethylation of the MDR1 promoter ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Moreover, researchers have discovered that MIR374B expression is altered in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer鈥檚 disease, highlighting its role in regulating neuronal health. (silexon.ai)
  • MicroRNAs, including MIR374B, are stable in various biological fluids, such as blood and urine, and their expression levels can be quantified using highly sensitive techniques like quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) or next-generation sequencing. (silexon.ai)
  • As miRNAs proposed to control the expression up to one third of all genes and possibly utilised as diagnostic and prognostic marker for many genetic based diseases. (ukessays.com)
  • EBV miRNAs also inhibit the expression of viral antigens, thereby enabling infected cells to escape immune recognition. (ijbs.com)
  • Four latency types (0, I, II, III) are defined depending on the expression pattern of EBV latent genes, and at the same time are linked to a particular tumor type [ 6 , 7 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • However, alternatively compounded patterns of human protein-coding gene transcripts would complicate gene expression data processing and interpretation. (nature.com)
  • Protein-coding transcripts or genes do occupy much higher expression fraction in transcriptome data. (nature.com)
  • Six included datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database by systematical search, including five mRNA datasets (150 substantia nigra samples in total) and one miRNA dataset containing 32 peripheral blood samples. (frontiersin.org)
  • According to the microarray analysis and Western blots, PKM2 expression was up-regulated in TSCC cells with enhanced metastatic potential. (oncotarget.com)
  • Since their discovery in Caenorhabditis elegans , miRNAs have been extensively investigated as master regulators of gene expression in a variety of animal, plant, and human models. (amegroups.org)
  • We aimed to evaluate the selected miRNAs expression based on bioinformatic analysis and their changes before and after an ultramar. (researchgate.net)
  • Altered expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) has previously been investigated in breast cancer. (researchgate.net)
  • miRNAs (microRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. (brainwritings.com)
  • Turnover of mature miRNA is needed for rapid changes in miRNA expression profiles. (brainwritings.com)
  • Recent data show aberrant and altered expression of regulatory noncoding micro (mi) RNAs in prostate cancer (PCa). (biomedcentral.com)
  • While expression profiling studies of miRNAs are common place, little is known about the host gene and their resident miRNAs coordinated expression in PCa cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, whether expression of a subset of miRNAs is distinct in androgen-responsive and androgen-independent cells is not clear. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we have examined the expression of mature miRNAs of miR 17-92, miR 106b-25 and miR 23b-24 clusters along with their host genes C13orf25, MCM7 and AMPO respectively in PCa cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The expression profiling of miRNAs and host genes was performed in androgen-sensitive MDA PCa 2b and LNCaP as well as in androgen-refractory PC-3 and DU 145 cell culture models of PCa. (biomedcentral.com)
  • No significant correlation between the miRNA expression and the intrinsic hormone-responsive property of PCa cells was observed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Androgen-sensitive MDA PCa 2b cells exhibited the highest level of expression of most miRNAs studied in this report. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We found significant expression variations between host genes and their resident miRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results suggest that miRNA expression profiles may not predict intrinsic hormone-sensitive environment of PCa cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, the role of miRNAs and their differential signature expression patterns in androgen-dependent and androgen-independent PCa cells requires a closer validation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aim of this study was to determine the expression of microRNA-127 (miR-127) in both rat models and patients of acute pancreatitis (AP) with lung injury (LI). (hindawi.com)
  • Significant downregulation of beta-defensin1 gene (DEFB1) expression was observed when human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpCs) were exposed to IAV. (cdc.gov)
  • DEFB1 expression after transfection with two micro RNAs (miRNAs), hsa-miR-186-5p and hsa-miR-340-5p, provided evidence that DEFB1 expression could be modulated by these miRNAs and hsa-miR-186-5p had a higher binding efficiency with DEFB1. (cdc.gov)
  • Based on the consistent expression patterns associated with patient survival outcomes and in tumors vs. normal lung tissues, 10 miRNAs were considered to be putatively tumor suppressive and 4 miRNAs were deemed as oncogenic in lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Pansensitive and panresistant genes to 21 NCCN-recommended drugs with concordant mRNA and protein expression were identified. (cdc.gov)
  • Measuring miRNA expression levels could provide a potential approach for the diagnosis of NSCLC. (ajmb.org)
  • The measurement of altered miRNA expression in sputum samples manifested the potential noninvasive approach for detection of lung cancer. (ajmb.org)
  • Recently, new and unexpected functions of other types of small ncRNAs have been discovered and investigators found that snoRNA expression in cancers is as variable as miRNA expression 19 . (ajmb.org)
  • The miRNA and messenger RNA interactions were confirmed using different biochemical approaches such as qRT-PCR, western blotting and, suppression of luciferase reporter gene expression by ectopic expression of miR-103b in HeLa cells. (eurekaselect.com)
  • A biological process that is crucial for gene expression in most animal life, including humans. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • presents an opportunity to manipulate gene expression within the cells to treat various diseases, and acts as a powerful tool for studying gene function utilizing antisense agents to manage the diseases by regulating the expression of the specific factor that actually causes the particular disease. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • Functional investigation revealed that 180 genes exhibited co-expression with CENPU . (aging-us.com)
  • Subsequently, we found that four miRNAs, namely hsa-miR-543, hsa-miR-495-3p, hsa-miR-485-3p, and hsa-miR-337-3p, could be regarded as potential CENPU expression regulators. (aging-us.com)
  • Thanks to molecular biology techniques like DNA sequencing and gene expression analysis, biologists have made significant strides in understanding genetics and genomics. (freescience.info)
  • Chen J, Wang S, Jia S, Ding G, Jiang G, Cao L. Integrated Analysis of Long Non-Coding RNA and mRNA Expression Profile in Pancreatic Cancer Derived Exosomes Treated Dendritic Cells by Microarray Analysis. (jcancer.org)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an integral part of the post-transcriptional machinery of gene expression and have been implicated in the carcinogenic cascade. (cdc.gov)
  • How Reliable Are Gene Expression-Based and Immunohistochemical Biomarkers Assessed on a Core-Needle Biopsy? (lu.se)
  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs with a covalently closed loop structure. (techscience.com)
  • Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs with widespread distribution and diverse cellular functions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CircRNAs have essential functions as microRNA sponges, RNA-binding protein- and transcriptional regulators, and protein translation templates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Because of this extraordinary construction, circRNAs are resistant to degradation by exonucleases and are more stable than linear RNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hence, circRNAs emerge as book biomarkers for HCM facilitating the scientific decision making within a individualized manner. (phytid.org)
  • In the global globe of RNA, round RNAs (circRNAs) display a subclass of non-coding RNAs caused by back-splicing of exons. (phytid.org)
  • The balance of circRNAs makes them ideal applicants for biomarker breakthrough. (phytid.org)
  • On the molecular level, circRNAs control gene appearance on the posttranscriptional and transcriptional stage and so are involved with multi-facetted natural procedures, adding to many illnesses10 certainly,11. (phytid.org)
  • Right here, we discovered circulating circRNAs as potential biomarkers for HCM therefore differentiating between sufferers with obstructive and non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy aswell as healthy topics. (phytid.org)
  • These genetic alterations result in either activation or inactivation of specific gene functions that contribute to the process of carcinogenesis. (bmj.com)
  • In this review, we discuss our current understanding of microRNAs with a focus on their role and mode of action in regulating the immune system during inflammation and carcinogenesis. (123dok.net)
  • miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. (cancerindex.org)
  • The binding of miRNA- protein complexes to mRNA causes translation inhibition or destabilisation of target transcripts. (ukessays.com)
  • They are usually generated from either exons or introns of both protein-coding and non-coding transcripts that are processed by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) [ 12 - 14 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Exceptionally, a minority of miRNAs are derived from RNA Pol III transcripts. (ijbs.com)
  • This review will focus on a potential role of circulating miRNAs in diagnosis of AMI as novel biomarkers. (hindawi.com)
  • MicroRNAs control the levels of numerous cell cycle regulators that controls cell proliferation. (ukessays.com)
  • We have identified a single microRNA that controls glioma cell proliferation, migration, and responsiveness to glucose deprivation. (researchgate.net)
  • Circulating miRNAs (microRNAs) are emerging as promising biomarkers for several pathological conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Until now, around 20 circulating miRNAs were reported to be closely associated with AMI. (hindawi.com)
  • In this minireview, we summarized recent available data on the correlation between circulating miRNAs and AMI. (hindawi.com)
  • miRNAs have recently been detected in serum or plasma, which are referred to circulating miRNAs. (hindawi.com)
  • Despite intense research, the origin of circulating miRNAs remains largely unknown. (hindawi.com)
  • A number of studies have reported that miRNAs are actively secreted in microvesicles or exosomes from different cell types [ 12 ], which are a likely source of circulating miRNAs. (hindawi.com)
  • In addition to microvesicles or exosomes, microparticles and lipoprotein complexes (such as high-density lipoprotein complexes) are other possible sources of circulating miRNAs. (hindawi.com)
  • miRNAs are abundant in many mammalian cell types and as extracellular circulating miRNAs. (brainwritings.com)
  • Where are circulating miRNAs released in the body? (brainwritings.com)
  • Circulating miRNAs are released into body fluids including blood and cerebrospinal fluid and have the potential to be available as biomarkers in a number of diseases. (brainwritings.com)
  • In molecular biology mir-885 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. (wikipedia.org)
  • The aim of the present study was to reveal the new molecular mechanism of long non‑coding (lnc)RNA XIST in the development of hepatic carcinoma. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The identification and characterization of biologically relevant biomarkers will be crucial to improving patient outcomes and achieving greater understanding of the molecular underpinnings of NPC. (amegroups.org)
  • Based on our identified miRNA-regulated molecular machinery, an inhibitor of PDK1/Akt BX-912, an anthracycline antibiotic daunorubicin, and a multi-targeted protein kinase inhibitor midostaurin were discovered as potential repositioning drugs for treating lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Molecular biology techniques are instrumental in designing safe and effective gene delivery systems for the manipulation of DNA and genome. (freescience.info)
  • A better understanding of the function of miRNAs is pro-viding new insights into the molecular basis of human pathologies, and new biomarkers for disease diagnosis and therapy. (123dok.net)
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), on the other hand, play an important role in the development of many diseases. (figshare.com)
  • Consequently, identifying significant ncRNAs and utilizing them as biomarkers could facilitate the early detection of this cross-talk. (figshare.com)
  • The aim of the present review is to evaluate the role of ncRNAs in regulating autophagy in gastrointestinal tumors. (drtaheriazam.com)
  • These events are dependent on the proper levels of transcription and translation of certain genes. (cancerquest.org)
  • PKM2 gene transcription is controlled by many factors [ 4 - 8 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • For example, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 activates PKM2 gene transcription in hypoxic cells by binding to a hypoxia response element located within the first intron of the PKM2 gene [ 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • The gene spans a genomic DNA region of 75.8 kilobases (kb) and consists of 14 exons. (aging-us.com)
  • MicroRNAs silence their cognate goals by mRNA cleavage translational repression mRNA destabilization or a combined mix of these systems [4]. (biongenex.com)
  • RNA modifications have emerged as key gene regulators. (nature.com)
  • Wang M, Yu F, Wu W, Wang Y, Ding H, Qian L. Epstein-Barr virus-encoded microRNAs as regulators in host immune responses. (ijbs.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a category of small nonencoding RNAs of 22 nucleotides in length. (hindawi.com)
  • By mapping each signature to the reference genome, genes associated with the selected SNPs were retrieved. (figshare.com)
  • Approximately 30-60 % of the human genome, regulated by miRNAs. (ukessays.com)
  • How many miRNAs are in the human genome? (brainwritings.com)
  • The human genome may encode over 1900 miRNAs, although more recent analysis indicates that the number is closer to 600. (brainwritings.com)
  • Until now, more than 1000 miRNAs are reported in encoding in the human genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Large international consortiums such as ENCODE (The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements) has shown that up to 80% of the genome is transcribed while only 1,5% of it is protein -coding sequences [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Centromere protein U ( CENPU ) gene is localized at 4q35.1 in human genome. (aging-us.com)
  • In search of an effective therapeutic strategy for improving colon cancer treatment, a novel role of miR-885-3p has been observed in tumor angiogenesis by targeting BMPR1A, which regulates a proangiogenic factor, and provide new evidence that targeting miRNAs might be an effective therapeutic strategy. (wikipedia.org)
  • One such molecule that has garnered attention is MIR374B, a microRNA that plays a crucial role in cellular processes and has the potential to be a promising target for therapeutic interventions. (silexon.ai)
  • For instance, MIR374B has been found to be down-regulated in patients with heart failure, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target in cardiac diseases. (silexon.ai)
  • Thus, PKM2 deregulation plays an important role in TSCC and may serve as a biomarker of metastatic potential or as a therapeutic target in patients with TSCC. (oncotarget.com)
  • Synthetic antisense RNAs are used to effect the functioning of specific genes for investigative or therapeutic purposes. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • Many miRNAs are evolutionarily conserved, which implies that they have important biological functions. (brainwritings.com)
  • The discovery of misregulated miRNAs not only broadened our biological understanding of these diseases but also provided a new class of markers. (hindawi.com)
  • Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) mainly consist of microRNAs (miRNAs) and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) 8 . (ajmb.org)
  • Research has shown that MIR374B dysregulation is associated with several diseases, making it a potential drug target and biomarker. (silexon.ai)
  • Besides cancer, some miRNAs genes cause or contribute in many inherited and genetic based diseases. (ukessays.com)
  • Similarly, miRNA-based therapeutics are also in development for the treatment of a variety of human diseases. (amegroups.org)
  • Here, microRNA-127 (miR-127) is one of the miRNAs that focuses on lung diseases [ 31 - 33 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • However, there is still a clinical need for novel biomarker, which is able to reliably rule in or rule out AMI immediately on admission. (hindawi.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) seem to be a promising candidate of novel biomarker for early diagnosis of AMI [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Is MicroRNA-127 a Novel Biomarker for Acute Pancreatitis with Lung Injury? (hindawi.com)
  • HER2/neu (also called ERB B2 ) is the gene that encodes the human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2. (cancerquest.org)
  • By unraveling the complex interactions between genes and their regulatory elements, researchers can identify disease-causing mutations more accurately. (freescience.info)
  • A greater understanding of miRNA could possibly lead to better diagnostic and treatment of cancer. (ukessays.com)
  • Diagnostic value of microRNAs in asbestos exposure and malignant mesothelioma: systematic review and qualitative meta-analysis over welke aanpak bij mesothelioma eventueel zou kunnen werken. (kanker-actueel.nl)
  • An improvement in our understanding of the role that miRNAs play in AP may represent an attractive way to develop new diagnostic and prognostic tools for use in future clinical applications. (hindawi.com)
  • From the list of genes that were targeted by the 73 diagnostic miRNAs, DGKE and WDR47 had significant associations with responses to both systemic therapies and radiotherapy in lung cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Experimentally confirmed target genes were identified for the 73 diagnostic miRNAs, from which proliferation genes were selected from CRISPR-Cas9/RNA interference (RNAi) screening assays. (cdc.gov)
  • Conclusion: miR-223 clearly discriminated cancer patients from cancer-free subjects and our results suggest that miR-223 could be a diagnostic useful biomarker. (ajmb.org)
  • Investigation of disease-associated microRNAs as potential diagnostic/prognostic tools. (peerj.com)
  • The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA*) products. (cancerindex.org)
  • Interestingly, ZNFX1 antisense RNA 1 (ZFAS1) could abolish its tumor suppressor effect by binding microRNA (miR)-150, while miR-150 could inhibit the invasion of hepatic carcinoma cells by inhibiting zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)14 and MMP16 ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Highly specific and effective gene silencing of any disease can be achieved by an accurate knowledge of the target mRNA sequence and rational design of its complementary antisense agents for the downregulation of its protein message. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • MiRNAs are reported to involved in multiple cellular processes [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MIR374B, also known as hsa-miR-374b-5p, is a specific microRNA involved in various cellular processes. (silexon.ai)
  • This review integrates the literature on EBV-miRNAs, cellular miRNAs, and miRNA signatures to guide future research, while acknowledging challenges in the selection and clinical implementation of relevant miRNA biomarkers and signatures. (amegroups.org)
  • 87(5): 1663-1667] Specifically, the investigators started by priming whole cerebellar RNA with a synthetic oligonucleotide containing a T7 RNA polymerase promoter sequence. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • After second- strand cDNA synthesis, T7 RNA polymerase was used to generate aRNA. (genomicglossaries.com)
  • It has been reported that miR-126 is located on chromosome 9q34.3 within the host gene encoding for epidermal growth factor like-7 (EGFL-7), an endothelial cell-derived, secreted inhibitor of smooth muscle cell migration and a regulator of blood vessel formation ( 12 , 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • It is encoded by a gene located on chromosome 14q32 and is part of the miR-374 family. (silexon.ai)
  • Although some biomarkers (such as cardiac troponin and creatine kinase) are available for AMI diagnosis so far, there is still a clinical need for novel biomarkers, which can reliably rule in or rule out AMI immediately on admission. (hindawi.com)
  • Currently, cardiac troponins are the most common biomarkers used for diagnosis of AMI in clinical practice. (hindawi.com)
  • MiRNA signatures derived from profiling data and bioinformatics/statistical analyses may be particularly useful for the diagnosis of NPC, as well as the stratification of patients into clinically relevant groups to guide treatment selection. (amegroups.org)
  • These clinical evaluations demonstrate the importance and potential of further miRNA research for clinical use, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. (amegroups.org)
  • The genes in the second group are called tumor suppressors. (cancerquest.org)
  • These outcomes claim that miR-23b/-27b are metastasis suppressors that may serve as book biomarkers and healing agencies for castration-resistant disease. (biongenex.com)
  • Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in development and homeostasis functional cornea. (mirnaprofile.com)
  • For example, gene therapy offers promising solutions by delivering functional genes or gene-editing tools directly into affected cells. (freescience.info)
  • PKM2, a miR-138 target gene, enhances the metastatic potential of TSCC through the SOD2-H 2 O 2 pathway. (oncotarget.com)
  • This miRNA - miR-218-5p - plays an important role in regulating the pathway involved in follicle regeneration, and could be a candidate for future drug development. (brainwritings.com)
  • The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is constitutively activated in RCC and plays a crucial role in regulating cell growth [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A diagram showing the major cancer genes for some cancers. (cancerquest.org)
  • ALL cancers have lots of additional changes, the so-called 'passenger' mutations, that may contribute to the cancer, but are not the main genes. (cancerquest.org)
  • However, a growing body of evidence suggests that recruitment, stability, and function of epigenetic factors can be mediated by non-protein-coding RNAs. (frontiersin.org)
  • To be able to move forward down this metastatic cascade principal tumor cells accumulate hereditary and epigenetic adjustments like the deregulation of miRNA appearance patterns. (biongenex.com)
  • These miRNAs have been implicated in critical NPC processes such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis, while further promoting chemoresistance and radioresistance. (amegroups.org)
  • Imperfect miRNA-mRNA hybrids with bulges or G:U wobbles can also cause mRNA degradation or translational suppression [ 19 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • This first category also includes genes that contribute to tumor growth by inhibiting cell death. (cancerquest.org)
  • Annotated database entry including the location and sequence of the mature miRNA sequence. (cancerindex.org)
  • There is now substantial evidence that the 'non-seed' sequence of a miRNA is required for the miRNA targeting of its target mRNA. (ijbs.com)
  • RNA which contains an intron sequence that has an enzyme- like catalytic activity. (genomicglossaries.com)